THLE MTCHTGAN DATLY TUESDAY, AUGUST 13,-1940 mummommmummomla THE MICHIGAN DAILY . The Straight Dope By Himself I Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of .Student Publications. Published every morning except Monday during the University year and Summer Session. Member of the Associated Press The Assokated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches credited to It or not otherwise credited in this newspaper. All rights of republication of all other matters herein also reserved. Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as Second class mail matter. .ubcriptions during the regular school year by carrier $4.IA; by mail, $4.50. REPRESENTED FOR NATIONAL AOVENI.SING BY National Advertising Service, Inc. College Publishers Representative 420 MA~isoN AvE. New YORK. N. Y. CHICAGO - BOSTON - LOS ANGELES - SAN FRANCISCO Member, Associated Collegiate Press, 1939-40 Editorial Staff Managing Editor .............. Carl Petersen City Editor ...............Norman A. Schorr Asociate Editors........... Harry M. Kelsey, Karl Kessler, Albert P. Blau- stein, Morton C. Jampel, Su- zanne Potter. Business Staff Ousiness Manager ............ Jane E. Mowers Assistant Manager .......... Irving Guttman NIGHT EDITOR: CARL PETERSEN Education Can Save Democracy *. S UPERINTENDENT HOMER W. AN- DERSON has assumed charge of the public schools of St. Louis. In a few weeks a new school year opens under his'direction. The change brings more than a fresh page in the administration of the city's schools. It pro- vides more than a break with the shocking mis- management which heaped disgrace on the com- munity last spring. Out of the new administration can and should come a definite, practical program for teaching democracy-for teaching faith in democratic principles and intense, effective devotion to democratic practice. The Post-Dispatch here and now proposes that Mr. Anderson, his staff and the Board of Education make this the first order of business of our schools. We Americans have taken our democracy for granted long enough. We have contented our- selves with glib generalities about freedom and liberty as long as we dare. In a world largely run by dictators, we cannot hope to maintain free institutions with an irresponsible citizen- ship. The failure of 169,000 of St. Louis' regis- trants to go to the polls for last Tuesday's all- important primary-the civic inactivity of 42 per cent of the persons eligible to vote-should prove to anyone that the hour is late for Amer- ican democracy. The assumption has been that democracy needs no teaching, that young Americans will grow up automatically to be alert, diligent, dis- criminating citizens. That just is not so. The shocking non-participation of nearly half of St. Louis' voters in a political function more critical than the election itself is not the exception to a rule of devotion to our system of government. The tragic fact is that it is typical of what is to be found throughout the country. If the dictators can instill belief in systems which crush the individual, where is the Amer- ican who will say that we cannot teach love of and practice of a philosophy which upholds free choice and liberty? The average civics course in an American high school is worthless for this purpose. It comes too late and it is dully descriptive. History, with its deadly recital of dates, is almost as poorly handled. What is needed is an integrated pro- gram beginning with the first grade and running through high school. Boys and girls of six are old enough to learn the first lessons of cooperation, taking turns, majority rule, respect for the opinions and per- sons of others-the fundamentals on which de- mocratic success inevitably rests. Our free democracy did not just happen. It was achieved by hard work and sacrifice, by travail and blood. The public school system is the one agency above all others to teach new generations to respect that heritage, to nurture it-to make democratic action self-conscious, direct in its progress to a state which will ful- fill the dreams of the men who hammered out our Constitution 150 years ago. This'means staking out a new way in educa- tion. It means doing something which is not being done, or if being attempted is a sporadid effort rather than the integrated. Intensive, cumulative process which we propose. But the time is ripe, and thoughtful educators are talking about it wherever they gather. What we propose ivould do more than again center attention on an educational experiment in St. Louis. The teaching of democracy we have in mind should spread over the country like a fire in the night. It could be-who knows?-the means for keeping the lamp of freedom alight in a dictator-darkened world. It could do what no army of ours, however large, however well armed, can ever do-pro- tect democratic institutions from decay on the (Today's guest column is written by Arthur Klein, one of this campus' best actors and certainly its most consistent liberal. Of some of our guest col- umns we have not been too proud. Of this one we are very proud indeed.) F I HAD the facility of phrase, the score of witty platitudinous expressions of some dra- matic critics, who as Shaw remarked are like dentists who persist in hurting sensitive people in sensittive places for no reason, I should find no trouble in writing 800 words of tweedledum- tweedledee. But to speak of one's like in a few paragraphs, to express one's inmost feelings about his place in a Universe which someone said must be governed by a committee because One Man couldn't make so many mistakes, re- quires a simplicity of tone, a humbleness of self, a sincerity that more often than not is foreign to one trained in the arts of acting. First let me tell you about my people. My parents are Hungarians. My father was born in a small village and began working for a living at eleven. He says the winters were so severe that potatoes buried in the ground to keep from freezing often rotted. But that's another story. When he came to America he traveled 3rd class because there was no 4th. My mother was more fortunate. She began earning her living at thir- teen. My parents are simple, strong, infinitely tolerant. They never went to any school and so when my mother writes that her grandchild is "pasotovly the switest in the world" you smile at the spelling, but underneath is the feeling you get when you look at a field in spring. They have three children. The oldest is a physician, my sister is a pianist by avocation and a wife and mother by vocation, and there's I, the Black Sheep, the Prodigal Son. When I came to the University I so frightened the Dean by insisting on taking Play Production in my Freshman year (when the catalog so clearly stated it was a Junior course) that the kind man sent me with a kinder note to a mental hygienist in the Health Service to calm my unacademic hysteria. And though the Dean won out I managed over a period of five years to shed my boorish wings and became a man of the world. The de- sire to become an actor emanated from no wish to impress a co-ed or get my name in lights. For me acting has always seemed a way of life. There is no other explanation. Of course there's the comaraderie of the group; the endless shop talk during which you impress others with your own importance and genius. There's the warm smile from a June, an occasional peck on the cheek from a rothaariger Lorelei, an encouraging word from a director. But the supreme satisfaction lies in bringing character to life, in digging within that char- acter and making him flesh and blood. The more sensitive the Einbildungskraft-the power of imagination-the truer the portrait. The actor trains himself technically by learning how to control his body and voice. His development as an artist comes as he himself broadens his knowledge of all peoples, all classes, all things. The greater his understanding of human nature and the projection of that wisdom in character, the more genuine his artistic claims. A German sorority cook, a library elevator man, a theatre janitor have taught me more than many courses -strange gargles some-taught by young beard- less instructors, Doctors of Philosophy all .. . But here's the catch and the point to all this. Nearly half my life has been spent in preparing myself to give America whatever I can in needful song and laughter. And I want to spend the re- maining half of my life in giving. But not in a-back-of-the-trench army recreation camp cheering up the boys or urging women's clubs to sing: "America! I give my boy to you! America! You'll find him strong and true .. And if I had another He would fight beside his brother, America! Here's my boy!" .. . If I begin to sound like a pamphlet then skip to the women's page now but I'm giving you the real McCoy. Many influential joes, including teachers, are urging American youth to join the British and lick the Huns again before they lick us. Just give these voices a little more rope and c'est firfi for your hopes and mine. Sure, let's get in and the monopolists will clean up again. We get in the war, no more 12,000,000 unem- ployed, no more poverty, misery, sorrow. OK if you want it, but not for me. Well, can nothing be done? Should we allow the destructive forces that are propagandizing their lugubrious gloom and confusion to con- tinue without protest? Is there no way to pre- vent the Yanks from not going again, no pro- gram to preserve the civil liberties and popular rights of almost the last country that has some feeling for the dignity of man;man who wants simply to work, to dance and sing, to eat and drink, to marry and beget children. Well-in Chicago on August 31, September 1 and 2, labor, youth, farm, church and fraternal organizations -regardless of race, creed or color-are going to take part in an EMERGENCY PEACE MO- BILIZATION in which the people will discuss and formulate a program "to defend America . . to keep America democratic . . . to keep Amer- ica out of war!" The EPM is sponsored by scores of American leaders, educators, clergymen, writers, among whom are Theodore Dreiser, Pro- fessors Franz Boas and Vardis Fisher, and Ro- land Bainton of the Yale Divinity School. If you are concerned for your well-being you will give the EPM your support as a delegate, a visi- tor or simply by endorsing a petition which you may sign at the entrances of Angell Hall and the Library. They will be there for a week. If I have been too naively Dorothy Dixish, too emotionally True-Storyish, too puerile aca- demically, it is, alas, because even bad actors are often inarticulate unless they have lines to speak. But these few words have been said be- cause I myself want that other "half" of talking theatre-shop, of smiles and kisses, and a chance in the future to work on Abe Lincoln, Macbeth, Othello, Odets' "Jacob" and the little old mer- chant in The Golem.. . Text Of Ruthven's Address AT least those of us who were brought up on copy books must often be tempted to quote the tren- chant saying of Thomas Paine in the American Crisis: "These are the times that try men's souls." The situation of the college grad- uate is a particularly trying one. After years of preparation for ser- vice to his fellows, he faces a world in which all of the destructive for- ces of civilization have been released. Instead of being allowed to instruct and otherwise assist the race to live in peace, comfort, and happiness, he may expect shortly to be at the dread- ful business of murdering his brothers to promote liberty, equality, and fra- ternity if not actually to save his life. Even the toughest souls feel har- assed at this predicament. For Three Purposes I have come here today not to dis- cuss the ills of the world, but for three related purposes. I desire to congratulate you on the completion of a stage of your education, to ask you not to consider the time you have spent in school as wasted, and to ex- press my belief that education re- mains the only hope of mankind for peace, freedom, justice, and security. I consider these purposes legitimate even at a time when there is a wide- spread and alas all too successful endeavor to create a society in which might makes right. We too often overlook or misin- terpret the fact that man can never be fundamentally different than he has always been. Cruelty, selfishness, deceit, intolerance, and other unlove- ly traits are as much a part of hu- man protoplasm as physical char- acteristics. The only way they can be overcome is by know- ledge and training. I contend, then, that you have been pursuing the right way of life, and that you should not be discouraged no matter how trying the times. Important Conclusion If you agree with this simple, but I believe important conclusion, it re- mains for you only to note that it implies more than personal satis- faction. In inner application it means realistic attitude toward human prob- lems, and a steafast belief in democ- racy. In short, as trained men and women you will be expected to make democracy work by promoting edu- cation and by conducting a vigorous offensive against every idea, agency, or effort which would forcibly destroy our attempt to preserve individual freedom and social equality by the methods of representative govern- ment. Yes, these are times to try men's souls but they will pass. As we are told and must believe, "The progress of democracy seems irresistible, be- cause it is the most uniform, the most ancient, and the most perman- ent tendency which is to be found in history." From Thames . To Nile... It is too easy to think of Britain's struggle against the totalitarians as merely a fight to defend the British Isles. News ofithe Italian offensives in Africa is a reminder that the struggle reaches as far as British power. The Battle of Britain is also the Battle of the Empire. The "tight little island" remains the citadel, and London is warning the British not to be distracted by Axis moves in Africa. These include Italian drives from Libya into Egypt, from Italian East Africa into British Somaliland and the appearance of German agents in Dakar, strategic French naval base in West Africa. Forboth Axis Powers Africa has appeared the most feasible ground for empire-carving. Mussolini con- siders that so long as Egypt separ- ates Libya and Etiopia, so long as Britain controls the Suez and Gibral- ter, he is a prisoner in the Mediter- ranean. With France under Nazi con- trol and Turkey apparently immob- ilized, an Axis victory in Egyptmight lead to control of Syria, Palestine, Iraq, and Persia, with oil supplies which could be decisive. In Africa as in Europe it is a strug- gle of sea power against land and air superiority. The totalitarians are seeking to take the bases such as Alexandria on which Britain's naval power depends and by air attack cut the sea lanes such as the Gulf of Aden. In the past the desert has been the chief military obstacle and today the oases are held by small but ex- perienced and resolute British forces. Only if motor transport and more numerous air forces defeat distance and the desert are the Italians like- ly to succeed. The Battle of Britain may stretch from the Thames to the Nile, but it is likely to be decided in Britain. -Christian Science Monitor ...-. , _..r,.. ...._.. .rte=_.,._. ! jjrF I'!' Ile r } 7 f. r t Grin And Bear It ' I . r .r ; =°'' ' 1 By Lichty 0 -0- - ' 3 : rz, f ti w, + .. , r h ; F,, fi ,_ -. , 4 r _ '" ,d ,- r".; ,: p,^' fi' . ; _ "I see no sense learning to wash or dry-I got no ambitions to be the head of a family!" DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN Wasnhington Merry- Go-Round WASHINGTON-Although first behind-the- scenes opposition to conscription came largely from Nazi, anti-British, communist ,sources, there is no question that those opposing the bill now have rolled up some very genuine and sincere from all walks of life, particularly the churches. In fact opposition to conscription seems to be cne thing upon which churches of almost every denomination agree, and this is probably the first time that both Catholic and Methodists have worked together on a vital legislative issue. Catholic opposition to conscription has been expressed by Monsignor Michael J. Ready,,who is circulating a statement from the Catholic Bishops; and from Father Barry O'Toole, who expressed the opposition of the National Catho- lic Welfare Council. Archbishop John T. Mc- Nicholas of Cincinnati also has circulated a pastoral letter urging opposition to the bill. Protestant opposition has come from Charles Boss, whose organization is supposed to repre- sent 8,000,000 Methodists; Bishop William -A. Lawrence, speaking for a group inside the Episco- pal Church; and also from the Federal Council of Churches, the overall Protestant body. Outside the church groups the Farmer's Un- ion in several states has registered opposition, also the Railroad Brotherhoods. Also, this op- position to conscription is about the only thing John L. Lewis and Bill Green have agreed up- on for months. Note-However, it is an inescapable fact that these very well-meaning and sincere groups are being used, at least in part, by a militant back- stage group of pro-Nazi, Bundite isolationists to serve their own interests. Willkie's Technique Few of the newsmen covering Wendell Willkie have seen anyone given so quick and complete a brush-off as George Peek, one-time AAA ad- ministrator, who broke with Henry Wallace and Cordell Hull over the farm program and even- tually was edged out of the New Deal. Peek brought to Colorado Springs a prepar- ed statement which he read to the press. But Mr. Willkie stood behind him, and at one point in his rendition, Willkie turned to the newsmen and said: ner he has for years as majority Republican leader in Congress. But Willkie would interrupt by interpreting what Martin meant to say. "I don't mean to interrupt you, Joe," the candidate would put in, "but this is the way I interpret what you mean." Covering Wilikie Press conferences at Colorado Springs are held twice a day, once at 10 a.m., the next at 2 p.m.; but the boys are subject to call at any time of the day or night....Willkie awakens at 6:30 every morning and takes a walk around Broad- moor Lake at a speed of-approximately one mile an hour-his only form of exercise. The rest of the day he spends in his apartment-He doesn't like to fish, swim, play tennis or golf At an informal poll taken among the 13 corres- pondents who accompanied Willkie from Color- ado Springs to Des Moines, 10 of them believed Willkie will be elected. They all appeared to have fallen under the influence of his charm with the exception possibly of Tom Stokes, Scripps-Ho- ward Newspaper Alliance; John O'Donnell, New York Daily News; and Bill Ardery of the As- sociated Press.... Although several others said th y were not completely sold on him person- allyat least 10 believe that he will win in No- vember. Most popular member of the Willkie entour- age is Mitchell Davenport, whose ability to think rapidly and coherently has made a deep im- print upon newsmen. He seems to be the only advisor who has Willkie's ear, most of the others seeming to be figureheads.. . .When John Ham- ilton and Joe Martin left Willike to depart for the East, the candidate was sitting on the patio talking to correspondents. Without rising from his chair he waved goodbye and said: "Awfully glad you fellows dropped in." Then he picked up the trend of his conversation with the newsmen. Willkie's reception on the State House steps at Des Moines after his farm conference was disappointing to his enthusiasts.....One inter- esting development was Oren Root's ability to handle the factionalism which sprang up among the Iowa Willkie-for-President groups. He smothered it out with suave ability.... Willkie's kind remarks about Henry Wallace in his Iowa All notices for the Daily Official Bulletin are to be sent to the Office of the Summer Session before 3:30i P. M. of the day preceding its pub- lication except on Saturday, wheni the notices should be submitted be- fore 11:30 A. M. Speech Students: Students who have volunteered bars for the tea today, August 13, should report at the front entrance of the Rack- ham Building at 3:45 in order to pick up passengers. "The Improvement of Slow Read- ing at the College Level," by Irving H. Anderson, Assistant Professor of Education will be given at 4:05 p.m. today in the University High School Auditorium. The Graduate Commercial Club will hold its final-meeting of the summer, today, August 13. The meeting will be in the form of a picnic at the Huron-Dexter Park. Cars will leave the east entrance of the University High School at 5:30. All commercial teachers are cordially invited to attend. Deutscher Verein. The annual ban- quet of the Deutscher Verein will be held in the Deutsches Haus, 1315 Hill Street, this evening, August 13, at 6:30 p.m. The price of the din- ner is included in the dues paid by the members. Members of the Verein, students of German, members of the summer teaching staff, or anyone desiring to attend are requested to make res- ervations at the Deutsches Haus or at the German department office, 204 U.H. Price per plate to non-members is 75 cents. There will be a program of entertainment and dancing fol- lowing the dinner. The Michigan Dames will hold a bridge party at the Michigan League Wednesday at 2 p.m. for the wives of summer school students. There will be a ten cent charge to cover prizes and expenses. Final Examination, Education B 195ds, "State and National Trends in Education," the 4 o'clock lecture course, will be held in University High School Auditorium on Wednes- day, August 14. The lecture origin- ally scheduled for that day, "Group Psychological Aspects in Education" by Dr. Fritz Redl, was given on July 3rd. Prof. C. O. Davis School of Education Choral Union Concerts. The 'Uni- versity Musical Society announces the following concerts in the Sixty- Second Annual Choral Union Ser- ies for 1940-41: Wednesday, October 23-Marian Anderson, Contralto. Thursday, November 7-Rudolf Serkin, Pianist. Monday, November 18-Don Cos- sack Chorus, Serge Jaroff, Conduc- tor. Sunday, November 24-New York Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra, John Barbirolli, Conductor. (Inter- national broadcast over facilities of the Columbia Broadcasting System.) Tuesday, December 3 - Richard Bonelli, Baritone. Wednesday, December 11-Boston Symphony, Serge Koussevitsky, Con- ductor. Wednesday, January 15-Vladimir Horowitz, Pianist. Tuesday, January 28-Minneapolis Symphony Orchestra, Dimitri Mit- ropoulos, Conductor. Thursday, February 20-Budapest ed not later than September 1. All other orders will be filed, and filled in sequence beginning September 1. Please make remittances payable to University Musical Society, and mail to Charles A. Sink, President, Burton Tower, Ann Arbor. The Automobile Regulation will be lifted for all students on Friday, Au- gust 16, at 12 noon. Office of the Dean of Students The final examination schedule as published in the complete an- nouncement is incorrect. Below is the correct schedule. Hour of Recitation 8 9 10 11 Time of Thurs. Fri. Thurs. Fri. Examination 8-10 8-10 2-4 2-4 Hour of All other Recitation 1 2 3 hours Time of Thurs. Thurs. Fri. Fri. Examination 4-6 10-12 10-12 4-6 Colleges of Literature, Science, and the Arts, and Architecture; Schools of Education, Forestry, and Music: Summer Session students wishing a transcript of this summer's work only should file a request in Room 4, U.H., several days before leaving Ann Arbor. Failure to file' this re- quest before the end of the session will result in a needless delay of several days. Library Service After Summer Ses- sion: In the interium between the close of the summer session and the opening of the fall session the Gen- eral Library will be closed evenings, but service will be maintained in the Main Reading Room, the Periodical Reading Room, the Medical Reading Room, and the Circulation Depart- ment from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m., with the exception of the period from August 26 to September 2, when the building is closed completely while extensive repairs are in progress. Graduate Reading Rooms and Study Halls both within and outside of the main build- ing will be closed until the opening of the fall semester. All departmental and collegiate libraries, with the ex- ception of the Transportation Lib- rary, are also closed during this in- terval. Wm. W. Bishop Librarian. Crisis Ahead For Britain By KIRKE L. SIMPSON The battle of Britain is thunder- ing unmistakably toward a crisis that may detrmine the fate of England. If the outside world knew exactly how many planes and trained air- men each side is losing, it might make a pretty good guess at the outcome. But this vital information is blacked out by irreconciliable reports from Berlin and London. Air mastery is the high stake Ger- many is playing for in the titanic struggle raging almost continuously along England's channel coast. She must attain it to win and weeks, even days, may decide the issue. Time is forcing the Nazis to at- tempt an aerial "knock-out."By mid- September weather probabilities will weigh against either a general aerial assault or an invasion. There has been no hint from Ber- lin as to whether an invasion is to follow the growing air blitzkrieg, al- though the scene of the fiercest en- counters in the Dover-Portsmouth sector of the Channel coast indicat-