:AGE TWO 'THIt 1~fTCLTT(r A N ThA fTTv. t'Tlvigt'tA'v TTtT.'v IM 1CLIA _____________________t________ vixEA £ rkY q -tAl..ILAJiI..I .3 VLnJ~fl, J.FVj.L 3U,'1OIv I THE MICHIGAN DAILY I Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. Published every morning except Monday during the University year and Summer Session. Member of the Associated Press The Assolated Press is exclusively entitled to the ue for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this newspaper. All rights of republication of all other matters herein also re'serVed. Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as second class mail matter. Subcriptions during the regular school year by carrier *4.00; by mail, $4.50. REPRESENTED FOR NATIONA. ADVER,.SING BY National Advertising Service, Inc. College Publisbers Represeative 420 MADISON AVE. NEW YORK. N. Y. CHICAGO ' BOSTON * LOS ANGELES - SAN FRANCISCO Member, Associated Collegiate Press,1939-40 Editorial Staff Managing Editor .............. Carl Petersen City Editor ...............Norman A. Schorr Associate Editors ...........Harry M. Kelsey, Karl Kessler, Albert P. Blau-. stein, Morton C. Jampel, Su- zanne Potter. Business Staff Business Manager ............ Jane E. Moers Absistant Manager .......... Irving Guttman NIGHT EDITOR: MORTON CARL JAMPEL How Fast Is Defense Moving? A MERICANS for several months have been watching the program for American defense take form, and they naturally iVonder now how fast it is actually moving. On some fronts it is moving very fast. One of these is the mobilization of public opinion behind measures clearly necessary if the Uned States is to be prepared in any adequate measure for the shock of aggression which is already rampant in the world and may at any time come nearer to Western Hemisphere shores. It seems evident from editorial comment throughout the Nation that American sentiment overwhelningly supports the steps now being taken in Congress toward enacting and putting into early operation a law for compulsory se- lective military service. The draft has been ac- cepted by most as a democratic way of defending democracy. Yet military men are under no illu- sions that an efficient, large-scale army can be produced overnight even by conscription. There is the problem of training, which in an era of mechanied war assumes larger proportions than ever before. There must at the outset be a con- siderable expansion of officer-training if the expected 400,000 men are to be brought into camps by October 1 and this number enlarged by 1,000,000 more within a year. a Similarly on the industrial side the job to be done is bigger than the average layman can readily imagine. If it takes ten civilians behird every soldier to support a nation at war, the magnitude of the task of organizing military production is bound to require time. And time is one of the critical strategic commodities today as truly as is tin or rubber or aluminum. In industrial defense a good beginning has been made by the calling in of proved and prac- tical business men such as William S. Knudsen and Edward R. Stettinius, Jr., to head the Pres- ident's Defense Commission. It still is possible that a single administrative or co-ordinating head will be found necessary for these activities, as in the case of the World War. There is also some complaint by business men ready to co-operate but unable to get informa- tion as to what is to be done. But the explana- tion seems to lie in the fact that first things have had to be put first. Priorities must be established for the most essential war materials and most urgent types of military production. In these lines, according to reports not from political sources but from business observersin Washington, it appears that genuine progress is being made. The production of secondary and Incidental supplies may be expected in their turn. It is a characteristic of mass production that more time must be spent than formerly in thet construction of plant and machinery before the assembly belts can begin to roll. But when they do, the output is tremendous. The financial problems to be solved at the outset are no slight matter. The responsibility for plants that may be left useless after two or three years of oper- ation calls for some negotiation between business firms and the RFC. These points are not made to excuse slowness. They rather illustrate how much is to be done and indicate that nothing can justify a mo- ment's slackness. The task of arming and train- ing America and of producing meanwhile all possible aid in planes and other munitions for the British- Government, whose armies stand in the breach, is a tremendous one. A good start has been made. But the task is only begun. Christian Science Monitor Mr. Wallace Will Resign PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT'S announcement +hat. Spar+pav. ,+- ALoriminlhirp Wnc wan . SThe Straight Dope By Himself (In pursuance of this column's policy of a free expect that, as soon as the British problem is press. todays guest column is written by Mr. Fred settled, South America, which we are pledged Niketh, Law '41, whom we do not know, but who is not in agreement with our stated views on the to protect, will be given much attention by the Conscription Bill.) Nazis. When that day comes who among us will AMERICA TODAY, like the France of yester- take the responsibility for an ill-manned de- A fense force? day, has its sleepwalkers. During a time fesfrc? day, thaserssleepwayles. Duind a imentWith this in mind I call upon those who favor when the American way of life, fundamental such a bill as the present Burke-Wadsworth institutions and patterns of living, are endan- Cncito ilt i nispsae gered by foreign despotism we find many who Conscription Bill to aid in its passage. attack a program designed to insure the con- In answer to Mr. Niketh's statements we tinuance of that way of life. would like to say that in our opinion not The decision that compulsory military train- the fall of France but the hope of many to ing is a necessity is based on no illusion but destroy our American way of life is the chief upon the hard fall of France. No longer dare object of the present bill. It is not a new we depend upon the British navy to defend us. biet hepresente. senaties Hitler has made us realize the world is round. bill. It has been presented several times Amerian youth is up against the regimented when France was powerful and Germany youthc outhis ga st the regmented prostrate. Its history is long and somewhat yuhof Germany and Italy. The former wayssanthpretsiuio.sbt of insuring armed security to the United States odiferous and the present situation is but are o logersuffcien. *an excuse. It is not a sufficient reason. If, are o logersuffcien. as Mr. Niketh says, economic and political To meet the new problems our military leaders psner.tin st ecnazi are then drew u ~~~~~~~~~penetration must precede Nazi warfare, then upapa o ortpso evc o drew up a plan for four types of service for ormltr eesssol escnay youn peple Oneof hes iscomplsoy mli- our military defenses should be secondary young people. One of these is compulsory mili- to our foreign and trade policies. It re- tary service with the army axed navy. The plan mains true that we are in no present danger envisages life in camps for a short training omitrytatack. beriod.of military attack. period. It also remains true that the conscription Read Admiral McNamee has said: "consider- bill (to protect us from something of which ing that every able-bodied citizen will, if war there is no danger) would take away the comes, be liable to conscription, it is difficult right to vote, to speak, to trial by jury, to to understand the individual that objects to the write and to petition from one million of this necessary training on which his survival de- country's finest young citiens. The past has pends-he becomes a sacrifice useless to himself given evidence that this fact will Tie taken and worse than useless to his country. If we advantage of. Prohibition is one case in admit the necessity for preparedness for war we must admit the necessity for compulsory Hence this column persists in thinking military training for war. Modern war material that the present bill is a preparation for is useless without trained-highly trained-per- war, not peace; that it will aid in the de- sonnel." struction of the American way of life, not in Since American citizenship imposes the obli- its preservation; that it will get us into un- gation of military service for the common de- told economic and political troubles; that fense how can the common obligation be dis- it will lead to a regimented state, the like of charged except by universal military training. which this country was founded to avoid. The past has given us ample evidence that vol- Under such a state Mr. Niketh, as well as untary enlistment will not fulfill the needs. your columnist, would be silenced. May God The isolationist retort that we are in no imme- grant that it may -not come to pass. We diate danger of military attack is sincere but cannot preserve democracy, religion and short-sighted. Military action follows political our liberties by denying them. We cannot asd economic penetration. Therefore we can serve our country by destroying it. Grin And Bear It . . . By Lichty I"s !: FN / ,tV r Reg. U. 5.Pal DAILY OFFICIAL BU LETIN I a i "This room is not to be touched, Hilda-Mr. Snodgrass is defending the country against aggressors here, tonight!" Argentina I n.Abeyance . . Washington Merry- Go-Round WASHINGTON--Senator Wheeler's predic- tion that the compulsory training bill faces a. "rocky roat in the Senate" only tells half the story. What Wheeler didn't disclose was that he and the other isolationists are secretly pre- pared to wage a filibuster to prevent passage of a draft act. They believe that with an elec- tion in the offing the threat of a knock-down legislature battle will frighten the politicos and make them drop the bill until after November. Then, they figure, it will be too late to do anything until next spring, by which time they are confident developments will show that such a drastic step is not needed. This is a tremendous gamble, of course, with the nation's security as the stake. But that doesn't faze Wheeler and his isolationist friends. They have been gambling like this for months, always guessing wrong but still insisting they are right. They derided Roosevelt's warning that a European war was imminent and when war did break, they pooh-poohed it as a "phony" con- flict. They fought his repeal of the arms em- bargo and when finally defeated, have fought every move to aid first the French and now the British. Because of overwhelming public sentiment the Wheeler bloc has trod a wary course on the various rearmament measures. But they are going to take off the wraps on the com- pulsory draft bill and they may be able to block it. Conscientious Objectors Congressional committee hearings on the Burke-Wadsworth bill for peacetime conscrip- tion have brought sharp division of opinion. Appearing before the Senate Military Affairs Committee, peace leader Frederick J. Libby de- clared the bill "would fill our jails and prisons, not only with young men but with their pastors and with church leaders." Retorted war veteran Senator Sherman Min- ton of Indiana: "Then we'll build more prisons." Note-The bill now contains modifications exempting conscientious objectors. Responsible for them were Harold Evans, E. Raymond Wil- son and. Paul French, all members of the So- ciety of Friends (Quakers). Factory Door Campaign Wendell Willkie plans to use the same dy- namic tactics in his election campaign as those which won him the GOP nomination. In addi- tion to touring the country by train, auto and plane, he also has up his sleeve some novel vote- wooing methods. One is what he calls "factory door" meetings; snappy 15-minute gatherings during lunch per- iods at large industrial plants, at which he will make a short talk and then hold a question- and-answer session with the workers. On the list for such unique rallies are Detroit auto plants, steel mills in Ohio and Pennsylvania, coal mines and several other mass production industries. 69 .,.,4 - - r+ ; 1,- 4- +,^ V f-w - ra+1 Capital Chaff Engineers figure that it takes a block of ice 105 feet square and towering as high as the Washington Monument (555 feet) to cool the Capitol building in the summer "cooling season" of 170 days, from mid-May to the end of Octo- ber . . . . This government is issuing visas for admission of foreigners from all parts of the' world at the rate of 2500 to 3000 a day. Those coming on immigration visas, under quota re- strictions, pay a $10 fee. But most come on visi- tors' visas, which do not cost Canadians, Cubans and Mexicans anything, but cost $2 for British citizens . . . . Oddly parallel in the diplomatic service are the careers of Clarence E. Gauss, new Minister to Australia, and Frank P. Lock- hart, newly appointed Consul General at Shang- hai. Into each of Gauss' last three posts-Tient- sin, Peiping and Shanghai-Lockhart has fol- lowed. Nazi Air Routes While the world's attention is fastened on Havana, the Germans are making strides with a type of penetration not on the agenda of that .conference-the extension of German airlines in South America. Through the Nazi air holding company, Luf- hansa, subsidies are being handed out liberally to domestic companies under German control. Most aggressive is the German subsidiary in Ecuador, SEDTA, whose operators ingratiate themselves by the well-known junket method. That is, they give free rides all around the country to Ecuadorean government officials. This infiltration is a threat to U.S. influence, but more dangerous still, it gives the Germans connecting airlines which run all the way fron the coast of Brazil through Bolivia, Peru, Ecua- dor, and Colombia to within striking distance of the Panama Canal. Now, however, the Civil Aeronautics Authority and State Department have worked out a plan to combat the German influence by extending the existing U.S. airline in Ecuador with post office subsidies. The line is Panagra, subsidiary of Pan-American Airways. A new Ecuadorean company is to be set up over Panagra, and Ecuador will be offered option, to buy up to 51 per cent of the stock. This would give them a controlling interest whenever they could put up the money. In the meantime, the line will be U.S. dom- inated, but with Ecuadorean pilots and crews, and every kind of training and improvement service offered for the airline expansion of the country. This would require a heavy investment of U.S. capital, and Ecuador, in return, would be expected to rid herself of the German com- pany. This plan, however, exists only on paper, and while it is being deliberated the Germans are showing every sign of spending fresh money, in this and in other countries of South America. Wallace 's Plan In nearly every movement for Pan- American solidarity, the Argentine Republic is found to be hanging back, For this, there are many reasons. It would be superficial to attribute this attitude wholly to"fifth column" in- fluences. Economic timing has a great deal to do withnational attitudes. In its relation to industrialized Western Europe, the Argentine Republic to- day occupies a position quite similar to that of the United States up to 1880, when the export of foodstuffs and raw materials to Europe was the mainstay of our economic and financial system. In those days the Chicago Board of Trade was the pivot of the American economy, far more important than the New York Stock Exchange. Europe's Ties Short Great areas of the United States remain in that position. The ties that link the packing houses of Buenos Aires to the chilled meat docks of London, Havre, Antwerp and Ham- burg are no closer than the ties that link the Illinois Central cotton ter- minals atCMemphis to the Manches- ter Ship Canal. Under such circumstances, Argen- tine conservatism in the face of the pressing need for Pan-American re- adjustments to cope with a new Eu- rope dominated by military socialism is not surprising. It is no more irra- tional than the similar escape psy- chology of so many Americans who are tryingvto ignore Hitler. But in the end we must all face facts, and if Britain goes down, American cot- ton growers, hog and corn farmers and orchardists will face readjust- ments that will be as far-reaching as the changes to which the Argen- tine nation must adapt itself. Argentine Economy 'Extractive' Since the industrial revolution of the 18th century in England, ex- tractive agricultural and mineral economies have spread into the Americas, the Tropics and Far East, which were at first chiefly devoted to supplying Europe with food and manufacturing materials. The Ar- gentine is mostly in that state of extractive economy today. We have largely passed out of it. But it was our status fora dlong time, both in our colonial and national periods, aid we have had our share of that same psychology that now dominates the Argentine mind. More than that, we have had our share of the kind of social organiza- tion that so often goes with an ex- tractive or "planter" economy. Al- though nominally a popular repub- lic, the real power in the Argentine nation resides in the "lords of the pampas," the great ranching families who own the greater part of the fer- tile plans and upland grazing coun- try. New York Parallel That same kind of setup has pre- vailed in more than one American state at some period of our history. The colony of New York probably had, at one time, the closest parallel to the Argentine system. Twenty- two great landholding families owned virtually all of the colony of New York, under the Dutch West India Company and the later English gov- ernors. On their own huge estates they were miniature sovereigns, and it was long after the American Revolu- tion before this oligarchy lost its grip. In fact, the last feudal privi- leges of the New York patroons were not extinguished until 1846. St. Louis Post-Dispatchf Interpretive War And Weather By KIRKE L. SIMPSON Time is so important in the Battle of Britain that the lapse of ten days since Adolf Hitler's "last-chance" peace move without a wholesale on- slaught on England is causing wide 'conjecture. Hitler himself noted in his recent speech that bad weather had been a major consideration in forcing postponement of the Nazi West ' Front attack from September, 1939, until the spring of 1940. There re- f main of this year only six or eight weeks within which Germany could expect to complete her victory with- out facing the same weather diffi- culties that held her almost inactive from September, 1939, to the spring of 1940. That being the case, it is difficult to fathom Hitler's reasons for with- holding his final attack on England this long. His last-chance "appeal to reason" speech of July 19 com- mitted him so completely to a devas- tating attack without delay that failure to launch it soon would seri- ously impair his prestige. Expected Btter Results Looking back over the available texts of the Hitler speech of July 19, it can be argued that he was expecting the preliminary air cam- paign against England to achieve far more decisive results than seem yet to have been attained. He scoffed at Britain's claims that she was turn- ing out planes at an accelerating rate "It is not ncessa'y for us (Nazi Germany), as with the democracies, to multiply every airplane that is built by five or by twelve, and then broadcast it to the world," he said. "Even for a hen it is not very clever to announce in a loud voice every egg she is about to lay." Ten days later, however, the Brit- ish "Hen" is cackling furiously of the achievements of those airplane "eggs," telling of Nazi bombers brought down and of more than 1.000 bomber raids on German targets since June 18. It is questionable whether the Nazis engaged in aerial raids on England and on British shipping are today quite as confi- dent as Hitler was ten days ago. Nazis Cackled Too Hitler did a bit of cackling himself about German plane production, say- ing that battle equipment destroyed or worn out in France and the Low Countries had been "completely in- significant" and that the output of new equipment was so vast it had to be curtailed for lack of storage space. Clearly, then, it is not shortage of material that is holding up the German blitzkrieg; nor can the Ger- mans have any doubt about British rejection of the kind of peace Hitler offered, or any other kind short of British victory. There is an increas- ingly confident note in British re- ports of air battles, constantly rising claims of Nazi aircraft shot down and Nazi airmen captured. Hitler has indicated full confidence of conquering England within hours or days, once he loosed his blitz- krieg, but if the fight goes on for weeks instead, and an early winter closes down on it, he is destined to lose more than his reputation as a minor prophet. Bridge At Mackinac Is Reported 'Feasible LANSING, July 29. --R)- The All notices for the Daily Official Bulletin are to be sent to the Office of the Summer Session before 3:30 P. M. of the day preceding its pub- lication except on Saturday, when the notices should be submitted be- fore 11:30 A. M. Doctoraa Examination: Miss Helen Eugenia Conger, Hygiene and Public Health; Thesis: "The Organization and Administration of Medical Re- lief for Dependents in Michigan." today, July 30, 1:30 p.m., room 2, Waterman Gymnasium. Chairman, Dr. J. Sunwall. By action of the Executive Board the chairman may invite members of the faculties and advanced doctoral candidates to attend the examination and he may grant permission to at- tend to .those who for sufficient rea- son might wish to be present. C. S. Yoakum Lecture, "Twenty Years of Intra- mural Sports," will be given by Elmer D. Mitchell, Professor of Physical Education, at 4:05 p.m. in the Uni- versity High School Auditorium to- day. Lecture, "The Riddle of Genius," by Dumas Malone, Director of the Harvard University Press, to be given at 4:15 p.m. in the Rackham Lecture Hall, today. Kappa Phi Supper: Members of all chapters of Kappa Phi are invited to come to a reunion and supper at the Methodist Church today July 30 at 5:45 p.m. Reservations may be made at the church office, Dial 5555. The Fellowship of Reconciliation will meet today at 7:00 p.m. in Lane Hall to discuss opposing the con- scription bil. All interested are invit- ed to attend. "The Fundamental Law and Ju- dicial Review," is the lecture to be given by Henry M. Bates, Dean Emer- itus of the Lew School, University of Michigan in the Rackham Lecture Hall at 8:15 p.m., today. Faculty Concert. Mrs. Mabel Ross Rhead, pianist, will again be heard in the Summer Session Faculty Ser- ies of concerts, this evening, July 30, at 8:30 p.m., in Hill Audi- torium,. On this occasion she will be assisted by Mrs. Marian Free- man, guest violinist, of Ann Arbor, in a sonata recital. A trip to Put-in-Bay, Lake Erie, will be the last Summer Session Ex- cursion to be held on Wednesday, July 31. Chartered buses leave for Detroit at 7:15 a.m. from in front of Angell Hall and will go to the steam- er which leaves at 9 a.m. The steam- er returns to Detroit at 8 p m. where the buses meet the party and arrive in Ann Arbor at about 9:30 p.m. Ex- penses include round trip bus fare, $1.25; round trip on steamer, 85c; free admission to caves will be ar- ranged; total expenses including meals on the steamer will be under $3.50. This sum may be reduced by bringing own lunches which is recom- mended. Reservations must be made in Room 1213 Angell Hall, before 4:30 p.m. Tuesday, July 30. The Michigan Dames will hold a bridge party at the Michigan League Wednesday at 2 p.m. for the wives of summer school students. There will be a ten cent charge to cover prizes and expenses. Graduate Speech Students: A sym- posium in the general field of Speech Science will be held Wednesday, July 31, at 4 p.m. in the Speech Clinic, 1007 East Huron Street. Chemistry Lecture. The fifth in the series of chemistry lectures will be given by Professor R. H. Gillette on Wednesday, July 31 at 4:15 p.m. in the Amphitheater of the Rack- ham Building. Subject: Recent Views on the Nature of the Covalent Bond. Physical Education Students: The Men's and Women's Departments of Physical Education are sponsoring a picnic supper for undergraduate and graduate students in phycical educa- tion, their wives and families on Wednesday, July 31. This supper will be held at the Women's Athletic Building at 6 p.m. Tickets priced at twenty-five cents may be secured before Tuesday noon, July 30 from Office 15, Barbour Gym- nasium; Office 4200-C University High School; or from Miss Barbara Jones, Mr. Harve Oliphant, or Mr. Don Farnum. Vibration Problems Symposium.. The third lecture in this series will be given by Professor S. Timoshenko, who will speak on "Vibration of Bridges". The meeting wil be held on Wednesday, July 31, at 7:00 p.m. in Room 311 West Engineering Build- ing. All interested are cordially in- vited to attend.