THE MTCT-ITCAN DAILY

FRIDAY, AUG. 4, 1939'

THEu M.T T c 1NRA 11Ts VFRYDAY,7ALG. 4,L1939

DAILY

Zen!

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Edited and managed by students of the University of
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Associated Collegiate
Editorial Stafff

'ert D. Mitchell
n M. Swinton
el Q. Norberg
n N. Canavan
Ty M. Kelsey
-1 G. Kessler
colm E. Long
ry L. Bonneborn

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Press, 1938-39
Managing Editor
City Editor
Women's Editor
Associate Editor
Associate Editor
Associate Editor
Associate Editor
Associate Editor

Business Staff
Pbilp W. Buchen . . . . . Business Manager
Paul Park . . . . . . . Advertising Manager
- NIGHT EDITOR: STAN M. SWINTON
rThe'editorial published in The Michigan
Daily are written by members of the Daily
staff' and represent the views of the
writers only.
The Democratic Ideal
In The University
TRHE QUESTION of what constitutes
a democratic educational institution
is one that has been dragged through many a
bull session. In a few notable cases it has
reached the point of discussion by regents or
trustees; and action has been taken by certain
of these groups, with the result that true demo-
cratic ideals of government have been applied to
universities.
Classic examples of student self-government
are the University of London, and, in this coun-
try, the University of Wisconsin. The principle
applied is the same in both cases, but the ideal is
carried farther at London than it is at Wis-
consin.
All of the students at the University of London
are associated in a body known as the Associated
Students of the University of London. This body
meets at the beginning of each school year and
appoints committees to submit budgets for vari-
ous campus organizations and projects. The body
is alloted a set amount from tutition each year,
and they are allowed to spend it as they see fit,
for athletic equipment, clubroom furnishings, or
anything they want. That is certainly an ex-
ample of democratic self-management in the
University.
Dr. Alexander Ruthven once said, "It is im-
portant for society to avoid the neglect of adults,
but positively dangerous for it to thwart the
ambition of youth to reform the world." If
released in the university, where careful plan-
ning is a necessity, this ambition may well re-
ceive the conditioning that will make it a force
to be sanely reckoned with.
Dr. Ruthven also said, "Only the schools which
at on this belief are educational institutions in
the best meaning of the term." Only those
schools, which have some measure of student
self-government and uncensored student'expres-
sion, can really be called democratic educational
institutions,.
--Harry L. Souneborn
Clothes And The Man
Through generations, the male of the species
has been caricatured as a creature who suffers
the torments of a trapped animal when he is out-
fitted in tails, stiff shirt and strait-jacket collar.
Accordingly, there will be cheers for the Canadian
symphony conductor who has branded formal
dress as the worst enemy of musical culture. For
the musician considered only the male.
His contention is that all men are uncomfort-
able at concerts, those without formal clothing
"suffering" from a feeling of inferiority, and
those formally attired just suffering." Can this
painful submissiveness quite square with the
established fact that there is a peacock strain
in all mankind? Or with the reasonable con-
clusion that one man wears "full dress" for the
same reason that another sports "Sunday best?"
Both like it.
If the symphony leader really believes he can
cause men to cast off self-imposed sartorial
"shackles," let him prepare to hear from the
la i sSt. Louis Star-Times

By HARRY M. KELSEY
Zen cannot be explained, Dr. Shio Sakanishi of
the Library of Congress claimed in her lecture
yesterday on "Dogen: The Spiritual Life Through
Zen."
Yet it was Zen Buddhism, she related, that, in
the thirteenth century, appealed so to the newly
risen warrior class which had a strong dislike for
the emotional qualities inthe Buddhism of Honen
Shonin and Shinran Shonin, founders of the
Jodo Shinshu sect.
Dr. Sakanishi's lecture, the last in a series of
three on Japanese religious leaders, was spon-
sored by the Institute of Far Eastern Studies.
Yesterday's talk concerned Dogen, the man who
popularized Zen in Japan.
Dogen, she told, was born in 1200, 40 years
after Eisei, the father of Japanese Zen, during
the most troubled times of Japanesehistory. Due
to the creation of a fewyears before of a military
government the warrior class was just coming
into its own, Dr. Sakanishi pointed out, and the
former aristocracy, to which Dogen belonged, was
on the decline.
When Dogen was three years old he lost his
father, and five years later his mother, both
deaths making a deep impression on the child's
mind, according to Dr. Sakanishi. At that young
age, he had already read many of the classics
of the day and in the year Honen Shonin died,
1212, he entered the monastery at Mt. Hiei; there,
the lecture asserted, he was given the vestments
of order and admitted to the regular school of the
monastery.
Tormented by doubts as to the worth of the
priesthood under Buddhism, he decided to travel
to Kenninji where the great Eisei taught, for,
although 73 years old at that time, Eisei had a
large following in the military classes, Dr. Sak-
anishi declared. Eisei, she said, accepted Dogen
as a pupil, but it is not known how much contact
Dogen had with the master as he died the follow-
ing year, Meizen succeeding him as master and
taking charge of Dogen.
When Dogen was 24 years old, the lecturer re-
lated, he accompanied Meizen to China; this was
the turning point in Dogen's spiritual life. On
the voyage Dogen was taken seriously Ill with
diarrhea caused by bad food and water, and while
lying thus disabled a storm came up and he was
forced to rise to help the crew. When the storm
subsided, Dr. Sakanishi asserted, Dogen found
himself cured and realized then that when his
mind concentrated with spirit it had complete
control over his body.
During his wanderings in China; Dogen met
the Chinese Zen priest Jojo who had shut him-
self up in a cell for 50 years meditating and study-
ing; his pupils, Dr. Sakanishi said, rose at three
o'lock each morning and retired at midnight,
spending the day in meditation while Jojo beat
them, hit gongs and drums to keep them awake.
Dogen studied under Jojo, who was so delighted
with his pupil that he wished to make him his
heir, an honor that Dogen declined, claiming
that there might be antagonism to a foreigner's
holding such a high position, the lecturer told.
In 1227, Dr. Sakanishi continued, Dogen re-
turned to Japan with material on Zen and the
ashes of Meizen, who had died soon after Dogen
entered Jojo's monastery. First returning to the
monastery at Kenninji, he later founded, in 1234,
the monastery of Kofuku-ji, and, according to
the lecturer, ten years later the monastery of
Eiheiji. In 1250 the Emperor bestowed upon
him the title of Buppo Zenji, great teacher of
Zen, ard in 1254, after devoting his last years to
laying the spiritual foundations of the monas-
teries he had founded, Dr. Sakanishi maintained,
he died.
The central idea of Zen, Dr. Sakanishi ex-
plained, is that experience in life is primary, that
theory and learning are of very little importance
and that images and rituals have practically no
place. Buddha, she said, is discovered in one's
own nature; Buddha is the man and the mind
is Buddha; Buddha is the way and the way is
Zen; look into one's own mind and one finds
truth.
Out of sympathy for their pupils, the lecturer
claimed, the Zen masters invented the Koen, an
instrument to give the initial movement. The
technique used was to sit in meditation, regulate
the breathing and render the mind void of all
thought; this was aided, she said, by the Koen,
usually a problem to work out, and in Zen a logi-
cal answer or a logical reply will not serve. After

solving the problem the student must interview
his master, she said.
The masters, Dr. Sakanishi asserted, used
paradoxical sayings often accompanied by blows,
kicks and shouts to jolt the students into aware-
ness, for the theory was that enlightenment does
not come gradually, but suddenly. Thus, some
perfectly irrelevent incident, she claimed, often
brought the student to a realization of Zen.
Dr. Sakanishi concluded her lecture by showing
slides of ten steps in the spiritual development
of a Zen follower, from the deluded state of mind
gradually changing to the realization that every-
thing is one in Zen.
Most apt title for the recent WPA nation-wide
strike probably comes from burly Heywood Broun
of "Wise Acres," Conn., who charges Uncle
Sam's relief men with "Mutiny on the Bounty."
And Columnist Broun should know about such
things. Over his name a few days ago in the
New York papers appeared a classified advertise-
ment for a job. His World-Telegram contract
had not been renewed.

(Dowro&G own
By STAN M. SWINTON
Internecine strife has flared up again at the
Zeta Psi house. It started when Jim Allen and
Dennis Flanagan-those two column-filling
reliables-entered their room only to be confront-
ed with a sign which room-mate Paul Park had
set squarely over his desk. Contained on the-sign
was a calendar of days remaining before exam-
inations and admonitions to get on the ball schol-
atically.
"Paul," Dennis and James informed each
other, "evidently takes this sort of thing serious-
ly. We'd best help him along."
And so they spent the afternoon laboriously
printing signs. Paul, returning that evening,
found the walls covered with admonitions:
"Strive And Succeed"
"Haste Makes Waste"
"A Winner Never Quits and a
Quitter Never Wins"
"Don't Give Up the Shift"
Etc.
Marshalling his last reserve, Paul brought out
pen and produced:
"It Takes Grit To Win" (decorated with
cherubs and curliques).
"Industry's The Ladder Which Helps You To
the Top" - (showing the Puritan influence
strongly, undecorated and curlique-less).
"Pluck, Man, Pluck!"
"Work, Don't Sin,
You're Bound to Win"
and others.
As this column goes to press a truce seems im-
minent since the walls are covered with signs,
which, incidently seem to work very well.
"You have no idea," says Paul, "how depress-
ing inspirational signs can be."
* * *
These interviews with Marcia Connell which
keep popping up (one Gotham tabloid had a full-
page spread on her which ended, a trifle saccha-
rinely, "Why doesn't Marcia marry a New Yorker,
we need her here") remind of the last time
Associated Press sent her photo out. One small
Michigan paper's photo editor was evidently in a
state of confusion for the paper came out with
a head "Beauty Winner" and below it the photo
of a haggish creature of 40-odd summers, winters
and falls. The transposed lines ran: "Most beau-
tiful girl on the University of Michigan campus
is Marcia Connell (above), etc."
On the other side of the page was Marcia's
photo surmounted by a head "Bigamist" and be-
low it the lines: "One of the strangest bigamists
of modern times is shown above. She is, etc."
* * *
CHATTER: The Daily is responsible for that
column in Time on Chief Willie Long Bone this
week . . . a Time representative saw it . . .
and the article resulted . . . Sigrid Arne of the
AP Washington Bureau writes in this month's
Mademoiselle that it was her Daily training which
won her success in professional journalism.
Arthur Low deserves a break on that auto trip
to Colorado he's sponsoring . . . you've probably
seen the Indian-head ads on the bulletin boards
. . . and that smartie at the Daily who answered
the phone with "Whadda mean, you want Mr.
Swinton? I recognize your voice, Fitz. Let's go
downtown and soak up a couple of beers" might
be interested in knowing that it was a Dean who
was calling . . but he almost went down for
the beers anyway.
Between Tientsin
And Shanghai
If the fire that started in Tientsin were to
reach Shanghai there might be an explosion.
The American State Department's denunciation
of the United States' trade treaty of 1911 with
Japan comes in time to check the spread of
flames, provided they are not deliberately fanned
in Tokyo. Abrogation is a warning that if
Japan's diplomatic victory at Tientsin goes to
Tokyo's head it will also be felt in Tokyo's
pocket.
There is reason to suppose that Japanese pres-
ses against foreigners in China will not be con-

fined to Britons. Britons have been singled out
recently chiefly because of the British Govern-
ment's preoccupation in Europe. Moreover,
Japanese leaders are aware that the pressure on
British concessions has served to set off by con-
trast the relatively careful consideration with
which Americans so far have been treated.
Japan's pui'pose no doubt has been to let Ameri-
cans infer that incidents in which other foreign-
ers are involved are purely "local" in character.
But Americans would have to be extremely
naive to count on such incidents' continuing so.
Secretary Hull, observing that the Tientsin inci-
dent which led to dispute between Britain and
Japan did not originally concern the United
States Government, nevertheless warned that his
Government was concerned with "the nature and
significance of subsequent developments, in their
broader aspects . . ." One of those subsequent
developments may be seen in the outcome of the
Craigie-Arita .discussions at Tokyo in which
Japan has seized an opportunity to gain con-
cessions from Britain which can be employed to
the disadvantage not only of British but of
other foreign interests in China. Had the State
Department moved earlier it is possible these
concessions would not have been made.
That is water over the dam. -But the United
States Government has decided not to wait until
Japan takes the offensive against American in-
terests before taking positive steps to protect
them, for Tientsin has illustrated the probable
price of such delay. Abrogation of the trade
treaty with Japan is full of just the sort of im-
plications to cause Tokyo to pause. Decline of
Japanese export trade and approaching exhaus-
tion of gold reserves, the fact that the bulk of

Reading Examinations in French:
Candidates for the degree of Ph.D.
in the departments listed below who
wish to satisfy the requirement of a
reading knowledge during the cur-
rent academic year, 1938-39, are in-
formed that examinations will be
offered in Room 108, Romance Lan-
guages Building, from 2 to 5, on Sat-
urday, Aug. 12. It will be necessary
to register at the office of the De-
partment of Romance Languages
(112 R.L.) at least one week in ad-
vance. Lists of books recommended
by the various departments are ob-
tainable at this office.
It is desirable that candidates for
the doctorate prepare to satisfy this
requirement at the earliest possible
date. A brief statement of the na-
ture of the requirement, which will be
found helpful, may be obtained at
the office of the department.
This announcement applies only to
candidates in the following depart-
ments: Ancient and Modern Lan-
guages and Literatures, History, Ec-
onomics. Sociology, Political Science,
Philosophy, Education, Speech, Jour-
nalism, Fine Arts, Business Adminis-
tration.
Student Loans: The Committee on
Student Loans will meet Friday, Aug.
4, in Room 2, University Hall to pass
on loans for the coming school year.
Appointments to meet the Commit-
tee should be made at once in the
Office of the Dean of Students.
The Fellowship Committee of the
Ann Arbor-Ypsilanti Branch of the
American Association of University
Women will accept applications for a
five hundred dollar ($500) gift fel-
lowship for a woman for graduate
study at the University of Michigan
ford1939-1940. Application blanks
are to be obtained at the Graduate
School offices and are to be returned
there, complete with two letters of
recommendation from professors with
whom the student has taken work,
,by Friday, Aug. 4.
Candidates for the Master's Degree
in History: Students taking the lan-
1guage examination on Friday, Aug. 4,
should bring their own dictionaries.
Copies of old examinations are on
file in the Basement Study Hall of
the General Library.
Mars Will Be Observed on Visitors'
Night in the Students' Observatory,
Angell Hall from 10 to 11:30 p.m.
Friday (tonight), Aug. 4.
Chinese Language Tea will be held
at 4 p.m. today at the International
Center.
Record Recital f Brazilian Music:
Friday, Aug. 4 at 4:30 p.m. in the
East Conference Room of the Rack-
ham Building. The public is in-
vited. The records to be played are
non-commercial recordings made
especially for the Brazilian Pavilions
at the New York World's Fair and
the Golden Gate International Ex-
position. With the exception of Car-
los Gomes (1839-1904) all the com-
posers represented are now living.
The records of works by Villa-Lobos
are conducted by the composer the
Fantasia Brasileira of Gnattall is
conducted by Romeu Ghispam, with
the composer at the piano; all other
records are played by the orchestra
of the Sindicato Musical do Rio de
Janeiro, under the direction of
Francisco Mignone. The intermis-
sions are five minutes in length.
Program for August 4:
I. Bacrianas Brasileiras No. 1
...................H. Villa-Lobos
Introduction: Embolada
Prelude: Modinha
Fugue: Conversa
II. Imbapara (Indian Poem)
.........O. Lorenzo Fernandez
III. Bachianas Brasileiras No. 5
.H. Villa-Lobos
Cantilena for soprano and 'cello or-
chestra, Ruth Valadres Correa,
soloist
Intermission

IV. Fantasia Brasileira for Piano
and Orchestra .........R. Gnattall
Rhadames Gnattall, soloist
V. A. Ponteio, No. 1
........... .M. Camargo Guarnieri
B. Toada a moda paulista
VI. Two Choruses on Negro Themes
...................H. Villa-Lobos
A. Jaquibau!
B. Bazzum! (Embolada).
Lecture, "Algonquian Vocabulary,"
by Professor Leonard Bloomfield, Lin-
guistic-Institute, in the Amphitheatre,
Rackham Building, at 7:30 p.m. to-
day.
Piano Recital. Robert Shanklin, of
Wichita, Kansas, will give a piano
recital in partial fulfillment of the
requirements of the Master of Music
degree, Friday evening, Aug. 4, at
8:15 o'clock, in the School of Music
Auditorium. Mr. Shanklin is a stu-
dent of Professor Mabel Ross Rhead.
The public is invited to attend with-
out admission charge.
Social Evening tonight at 9 p.m. in
the Michigan Union Ballroom.
Final Doctoral Examination of Mr.
Jason Lewis Saunderson will be held

and advanced doctoral candidates to*
attend the examination and may
grant permission to others who might
wish to be present.
C. S. Yoakum.
Final Doctoral Examination of Miss
Mildred Thompson Woolley will be
held at 4 p.m., Aug. 4 in Room 2,
Waterman Gymnasium. Miss Wol-
ley's field of specialization is Hygiene
and Public Health. The title of her
thesis is "Coccidioidin Skin Tests:
Their Specificity and Value together
with Cultures, for Coccidioides Im-
mitis in Pulmonary Cases of Un-
known Etiology. Report of First
Case of Coccidiomycosis in Michigan."
Dr. J. Sundwall as chairman of
the committee, will conduct the ex-
amination. By direction of the Ex-
ecutive Board the chairman has the
privilege of inviting members of the
faculty and advancededoctoral can-
didates to~ attend the examination
and to grant permission to others
who might wish to be present.
C. S. Yoakum.
The Graduate Outing Club will
have a picnic, including swimming,
baseball, volleyball, hiking, and at
campf ire, at Saline Valley Coopera-
tive Farms on Sunday, Aug. 6. Charge
35 cents. The group will assemble
at the northwest entrance of the
Rackham Building at 2:30 p.m., and
will go by car to Saline. All those
who own cars are urged to bring
them, and drivers will be repaid for
their expenses. All graduate students
and faculty members are invited.
There will be a meeting regardless of
the weather.
C. S. Yoakum.
Candidates for the Teacher's Cer-
tificate to be recommended by the
Faculty of the School of Education
at the close of the Summer Session:
The Comprehensive Examination in
Education will be given on Saturday,
Aug. 5, at 9 o'clock, m 1430 U.E.S.

DAiLY OFFICIAL BULLETIN

Printed information regarding the
examination may be secured at the
School of Education office.
New York State Teachers' Exam-
ination. The examination for the New
York State Teachers' license will be
held on Aug. 5 at 9:15 a.m. in Room
108 in Romance Languages Building.
The Rackham Record Concert for
Saturday at 3 p.m. in the Men's
Lounge will feature piano solos by
Lilli Krause, outstanding German pi-
anist, whose records are hailed in
this country as representing one of
the most gifted pianists of our day.
The entire program will be as fol-
lows: Overture to The Flying Dutch-
man, Wagner; three piano selections,
Ten Variations on a Theme by Gluck,
Mozart; Rondo in D Major, Mozart;
and Andante con Variazione, Haydn;
Swan Lake Ballet, Tschaikowsky;
Lieutenant Kije Suite, Prokofieff;
Love for Three Oranges Suite, Pro-
kofieff. The records are being pro-
vided by W. H. Sullivan and J. W.
Peters.
Demonstration Debate: There will
be a Demonstration Debate on the
question "Resolved, That the Federal
Government should own and operate
the railroads," on Monday, Aug. 7 at
8 p.m. in the Lecture Hall of the
Rackham Buildng. This question
will be used as the national and state
high school question for 1939-1940.
No admission fee will be'charged.
Speech Students: A Symposium on
the field of Argumentation and its
relation to debating will be held on
Wednesday, Aug. 9, at 4 p.m. in Room
1025 Angell Hall. All undergradu-
ate students contemplating advanced
work in this field and all graduate
students who are emphasizing this
field in their graduate study should
attend this conference.
Speech Students: A Symposium on
(Continued on Page 3)

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I gI~* -s-

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9:00 a.m.

Today's Events
Physics Symposium, Prof. Gerhard Herzberg of the University of
Saskatchewan (Room 2038 East Physics Building).
Physics Symposium, Professor G.B.B.M. Sutherland of Cambridge,

10:00 a.m.

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