Considerable cloudiness, local
showers in west today; tomor-
row local showers, warmer.


Sit igatn

Daij

Editorials
The Physical
Education Conference
The War Tension
In Europe .

Official Publication Of The Summer Session
VOL. XLVIII. No. 22 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN FRIDAY, JULY 22, 1938

PRICE FIVE CENTS

U.S. Declares
Mexican Land
Expropriation
Unlawful Act
Hull Hands Protest Note
To Ambassador Najera;
Compensation Is Sought
Oil Claims Omitted
In Communication
WASHINGTON, July 21.-(P)--The
United States, declaring Mexico's un-
compensate seizure of American
farm properties to be unlawful "con-
fiscation," proposed tonight that the
two governments submit the question
to arbitration.
'Secretary of State Hull handed the
Mexican ambassador, Francisco Cas-
tillo Najera, a note which stressed
this country's demand for adequate
and prompt compensation for agrar-
ian properties and avoided any ref-
erence to the American oil properties
seized by Mexico.
The note's failure to mention the
oil claims recalled the policy out-
lined several months ago by persons
close to President Roosevelt.
They said last April that the Ad-
ministration would insist upon full
and fair indemnification of persons
who had invested meager savings in
small ranches and farms which sub-
sequently were taken over by the
Mexican government. But they in-
dicated that the Administration con-
sidered the oil properties to be over-
valued by their owners, and that it
would try to collect for them only
damages equivalent to actual invest-
ment, less depreciation.
It is estimated that approximately
1,000,000 acres 'of American-owned
land have been taken by Mexico in
recent years.
Manifestly apprehensive that Mex -
ico's policy of arbitrary expropriation
of properties might spread to other
Latin - American countries where
American investments are heavy, the
United, States invoked the Inter-
American Arbitration Treaty signed
here Jan. 5, 1929..
This government proposed "that1
there be submitted to arbitration the1
question whether there has been
compliance by the Government of
Mexico with the rule of compensation1
as prescribed by international law in
the case of the American citizens1
whose farm and agrarian properties;
in Mexico have been expropriated by
the Mexican government since Aug.
30, 1927, and if not, the amount of,r
and terms under which, compensa-
tion should be, made by the Govern-;
ment of Mexico."
An inter-American decision in fa-,
vor of the United States would auto-,
matically place the other Latin-
American nations on record as op-;
posing expropriation of foreign pro-;
perties without full, immediate com-;
pensation. ti
Secretary Hull, in his note to Am-
bassador Najera, again admitted the
right of Mexico to expropriate prop-1
erty "in furtherance of public pur-;
poses" provided there was "prompt,
payment of just compensation to the,
owner in accordance with the univer-
sally recognized rules of law and
equity."1
English Council
Hears Six SpeaK
At Conference

Discuss Place Of English
In School Curriculum;
Group Hears Shattuck
A growing need for determining the,
proper function of English teaching,
in the modern primary and secondary;
school curriculum was the keynote of
a meeting of the Michigan Council of,
Teachers of English yesterday at Uni-
versity High School.
Optimism for the future English
teaching was expressed by Prof.
James H. Hanford of the Western Re-
serve University, addressing the af-
ternoon session. Emphasis on the
phases of literature dealing with
present-day problems is becoming
increasingly important in English
teaching, Professor Hanford said.
Speakers for the evening confer-
ence, conducted by Miss Helen Han-
lon of the Detroit public schools,
stressed the need for broadening the
scope of English teaching to harmon-
ize with the general aims of the
school curriculum. Marquis Shattuck,

Father O'Flanagan Urges Repeal
Of U.S. Embargo On Loyal Spain

Ice Cream

French, British Friendship Sealed
In Parade For Two Monarchs

Priest Compares Struggle
Of Spanish People With
American Revolution
By JOSEPH GIES
The struggle of Loyalist Spain
against fascism was compared to that
of the American colonists against
Great Britain by Father Michael J.
O'Flanagan in his talk in Natural
Science Auditorium yesterday.
Father O'Flanagan, famed Irish
Republican leader and one-time chief
of the Sinn Fein, termed the Spanish
conflict "almost exactly similar" to
the war of American independence,
citing the Spanish counterparts to
the British military and aristocratic
caste, the wealthy Tory landowners
and the foreign troops used against
the people. He decried the present
American government's embargo on
war materials to Spain, declaring
that American munitions, shipped to
Germany and Italy, were making
possible the intervention of those
countries on behalf of Franco.
Ridiculing the Spanish policy of
Prime Minister Chamberlain of
Great Britain, Father O'Flanagan
said that "when a British prime
minister speaks of non-intervention,
it is well to look twice to see if he
doesn't really mean intervention.'
Father O'Flanagan told how his
interest in the Spanish war had first
been roused by a visit from a Basque
priest whom he had known before
the war and who came to Iublins

early in 1937. Learning of the Basque
autonomy problem, hecnoted the
similarity between the case of the
Basqde people and that of the Irish--
both seeking to free their language,
culture and political life from an alien
tyranny. The Basques had been
granted autonomy by the Republican
government, but Franco has since
conquered the province and revoked
its local privileges.
Father O'Flanagan contradicted
Catholic periodicals in this country
which have asserted that he was now
under suspension from the church.
He declared,however, that it was dif-
ficult for a Catholic priest to so much
as "sneeze without permission of his
bishop." The bishops of Ireland, he
added, had been actively working for
the Rebel cause before he began to
support the Loyalists, and had col-
lected $150,000 in Ireland a short
time before the visit by his Basque
friend.
"Every victory for Franco is a
source of joy in Italy, Germany and
Japan," he stressed, in pointing out
the world import of the war. "A final
triumph for Franco would aid Japan
in China and encourage Germany in
her designs on Central Europe. A
victory for the Republic, on the other
hand, will encourage China and the
weak nations of Europe."
The United States, the priest said,
is bound by "international law and
the rules of fair play" to sell arms
to Republican Spain. The Spanish
people, he indicated, can win the war
(Continued on Page 4)


Dr. Sakanishi
Terms Beauty
Treative Art'l

Ascribes IntricateT
Of Japanese To
Migrations ,From

Myths
Early
Asia

Beauty and appreciation of nature
for the Japanese is a "creative act
of the mind and its previous ex-I
perience" and not a mere visual ob-
servation, Dr. Sakanishi, director of
the Division of Orientalia of the Li-
brary of Congress told the Summer
Session lecture audience yesterday
in her third talk entitled "Man and
Nature in Japan."
"The creative mind," she said, "uses
the sense and sensation to enter into
a worldly spiritual reality, and that
world of spirit has in its possession
power. joy and wisdom to give to
mankind."
The beauty which the ancient Jap-
anese saw all around them, she said,
made the Island people into nature
worshippers, ascribing divinity not,
only to the powerful and awe-inspir-
ing, as to the sun and the moon, but
also to the lovely and pleasant such
as the rocks and streams, trees and
flowers.
The intricate mythology of the
early peoples is remarkable, she said,
despite the country's frequent afflic-
tions with ravaging storms, floods
and earthquakes there is no god of
earthquakes at all while the gods
of high waters and storm appear as
benign spirits.
The early tribes, she continued,
may have migrated from the arid re-
gions of China or the fierce winters
of Siberia and the warm and smiling
land into which they came makes
them forever grateful, for it cannot
be denied, she said, that their re-
ligion is one of love and gratitude.

Facing Deficit,
Treasury May
Change Policy
Magill Cites Possibilities Of
Levying Higher Taxes
On Moderate Incomes
WASHINGTON, July 21-(/P)-The
Treasury, faced with the prospect
that its ninth successive deficit will
amount to some $4,000,000,000 this
fiscal year, is studying the possibility
of levying more taxes on wealthy
corporations and little fellows.
This was disclosed today by Ros-
well Magill, Acting Secretary of the
Treasury. Although no policy decis-
ions will be. made until Secretary
Morgenthau and President Roosevelt
return from their vacations, Magill
said his experts were investigating
the question of reducing personal ex-
emptions and increasing tax rates on
individuals with moderate incomes.
As for the big corporations, the
President personally has ordered
aides to draw up a program for
strengthening the undistributed pro-
fits and capital gains taxes.
Magill, himself the foremost tax
expert in .the government, declined
to give his opinion about the wisdom'
of reducing exemptions or to indicateI
how much of a change was being
studied. He pointed out, however.
that Senator La Follette (Prog-Wis)
has attempted unsuccessfully for sev-
eral years to get Congress to cut
the exemption for single persons from
$1,000 to $800 and for heads of fam-
ilies from $2,500 to $2,000.
The Justice Department has drawn
up an official opinion predicting that
the supreme court would hold con-
stitutional a law, recommended by
Mr. Roosevelt, to tax the future sal-
aries of state and local governmental
employes and the income from future
issues of state securities.

Social Given
Here Today
Dancing On Tennis Courts
Will Be Cabaret Style;
Hostesses Will Attend
Indepeflents Have
ChargweOf Affair
The ice cream social and dance for
Chinese student relief will be given
from 7:30 p.m. to midnight today at
the Women's Athletic Field by the
Ann Arbor Independents.
Congress, independent men's or-
ganization, will have charge of the
cabaret dancing on the tennis courts.
A fee of five cents a dance will be
charged for both modern and square
dancing. The committee in charge
includes Robert May, '39E; Peter
Lewis, '38; Edward Wetter, '39; Ed-
ward Egle, '39E; Almon Conrath,
'40E: Robert Mitchell, '39; Julian
Frederick, Grad.; and Henry Adams,
'39.
Hostesses for the affair will attend
from the league houses, dormitories
and sororities and will be given
League points, Miss Ethel McCormick,
social director of the League, an-
nounced. A table for hostess tickets
will be set up near the courts, and
the name of each hostess will be
taken. Margaret Ayres, '39, will be
in charge of this table.
Edward Krasno of Tecumseh will
play the guitar and mouth-organ and
sing at intervals during the evening
among the tables, in addition to the
dance music by Charlie Zwick's or-
chestra.
The list of patrons and patronesses
was announced yesterday by Miss
Ayres, patrons chairman.
Those who will attend include Vice-
President and Mrs. Shirley W. Smith,
Dean and Mrs. Joseph A. Bursley,
Dean and Mrs. Samuel T. Dana, Dean
and Mrs. James B. Edmonson, Dean
Edward H. Kraus, Dean and Mrs.
Walter B. Rea, Dean Byrl F. Bacher,
Registrar and Mrs. Ira M. Smith,
Prof. and Mrs. A. L. Bader, Dr. Mar-
garet E. Bell, Prof. and Mrs. W. I.
Bennett, Prof. and Mrs. E. M. Bragg
Prof. and Mrs. P. E. Bursley, Prof.
and Mrs. W. F. Colby, Prof. and Mrs.
D. L. Dumond, Prof. and Mrs. L. M.
Eich, Prof. and Mrs. R. B. Hall, Prof.
and Mrs. W. C. Hoad, Prof. and Mrs.
Louis A. Hopkins.
The list continues with Prof. and
Mrs. A. A. James, Prof. and Mrs. H. E-.
Keeler, Prof. and Mrs. G. M. Me-
Conkey, Prof. and Mrs. H. Y. Mc-
Cluskey, Prof. and Mrs. F. N. Menefee,
Prof. and Mrs. E. V. Moore, Prof.
and Mrs. W. D. Revelli, Prof. and
Mrs. W. C. Rufus, Prof. Mabel B.
Rugen, Prof. and Mrs. W. C. Sadler,
Prof. and Mrs. J. T. Sheperd, Prof.
(Continued on Page 4)
Ohio Professor
To Talk Today
Oberteuffer Will Discuss
Health Education
Dr. Delbert Oberteuffer, professor
of physical education at Ohio State
University, will be the featured
speaker today at a regular morning
meeting of the Conference on Curri-
culum Problems in Physical Educa-
tion, School Health, and Recreation.
Dr. Oberteuffer will speak on "What
Results Are We Trying to Achieve in
Health Education, and How May Re-
sults Be Rated?" The lecture will be
given at 10 a.m. in the University
High School Auditorium. A discus-

sion will be led by Dr. Mabel E. Rugen
of the physical education department
immediately after Dr. Oberteuffer's
talk.
At 10 a.m. Monday Miss Grace Staf-
ford, supervisor of physical education
for girls in Gary, Indiana, will speak
on "Health and Physical Education in
the Curriculum of the Elementary
School." Dr. Howard Y. McClusky of
the School of Education will speak at
11 a.m. on the subject, "What Recog-
nition Should the Public Schools Give
To Mental Hygiene?"
Timoshenko Speaks
At Today's Forum
"Engineering Mechanics Research
in European Laboratories" will be the
subject of the special talk to be given
at 3 p.m. today by Prof. Stephen
Timoshenko, director of the engineer-
ing mechanics symposium on the
properties of materials being held

Hitler Seeking
To Open New
Anglo-German
Conversations
Chamberlain Tells House
Of Commons Fuehrer
Has Asked New Talks
May Settle Czech
Minority Problem

PARIS, July 21-(IP)-The union of French and British armed mighto
was scaled symbolically today when 50,000 French fighting men and then
newest war machines passed in review before King George VI and Presidentt
Albert Lebrun of France. -
The bonds between Europe's two greatest democracies were further
tightened by Lebrun's acceptance of the British Monarch's invitation to
visit England before his term as President is finished in May, 1939. 1
The President and Madame Lebrun probably will go to London withini
the first three months of next year. .
As a sequel to today's military show, British War Minister Leslie Hore-
Belisha and the chief of the FI'ench general staff, Major-General Marie
--- '° Gustave Gamelin, it was announced,X
I will confer tomorrow morning.,
J am es Scott IThey are expected to review thec
Franco-British military cooperationr
j~1 7 j plan and take further steps to assurez
SpeaKS LTodaV effectiveness of the military cooper-a
ation reached at London in April. e
On De Vito The two will talk at Amiens priorX
to ceremonies at Villers-Bretonneux
in which King George will bring to
Secretary Of World Peace a close his and Queen Elizabeth'sf
four-day state visit with dedicationz
Endowment Will Talk of Australia's National Monument tot
On International Law her World War dead.e
A new spirit of optimism was re-
flected in quarters close to the foreign
James Brown Scoatt. secretary of the ofcife oaysipopucn
Carege Edomen fr Wrl office after today's impromptu con-t
Carnegie Endowment for World versations between French and Brit-1
Peace, will speak at 4 p.m. today in ish diplomats.
the Graduate School Auditorium on Foreign Minister Georges Bonnet
"Francisco de Vitoria and the Span- and Foreign Secretary Viscount Hal-
s L Hisifax held no formal discussions butz
were said to have talked several
lecture will be in conjunction with times during the military review at
the Graduate Conference er Renais- Versailles and on trips to and from1
sance Studies. -Paris.
Mr. Scott, vho has held izis posi- Bonnet also saw Stephen Osusky,
Mr.nScttheCoasegielEdiosi-ntthe Czechoslovak minister to Paris,
tion with the Carnegie Endowment and was reported to have assured him
since 1910, was technical delegate -o that "the situation in Central Europe
the Second Hague Peace Conference would develop favorably"-an easing
in 1907. In 1914-1917 he was special of tension between Germany and
adviser to the Department of State Czechoslovakia over the 3,500,000
and chairman of the joint State and Germanic minority under the Praha
Navy Neutrality Board. He has been regime.
president of the American Institute Both the French and British were
of International Law since 1915 and cereful to emphasize that the Anglo-
has acted as technical adviser to the French conversations only affirmed
Paris Peace Conference of 1919, the the close relations of the two powers
Arms Conference, 1921-1922 and the on the general lines laid down in
Fourth Pan-American Commercial London talks last April and furthered
Conference in Washington, 1931. in formal talks yesterday.
Bible Translations Show Epochal
Contribitios, Tedesche Declares
The various historical translations Itures into three separate parts, and
of the Bible are really expressions of have given each part a name of its

King George and Queen Elizabeth, with President Albert Lebrun of
France at right, are shown as they listened to an address of welcome at
the city hall in Paris.
Bonds Tightened By Lebrun's Acceptance Of King's
Invitation To Visit England Early Next Year;
French And British Diplomats Confer

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LONDON, July 21 -(/P)-Assur-
ances from Reichsfuehrer Adolf Hit-
ler that Germany wants "a peaceful
settlement of outstanding questions"
reopened the door today for broad
Anglo-German talks to sweep away
Europe's war fears.
Prime Minister Neville Chamber-
lain disclosed in the House of Com-
mons that Hitler's adjutant, Capt.
Fritz Wiedemann, brought this mes-.
sage to Foreign Secretary Viscount
Halifax on the eve of the latter's
departure for Paris with King George
VI and Queen Elizabeth.
Chamberlain said Wiedemann's
mission was not to "discuss any par-
ticular aspect of political affairs."
Includes Czech Problem
But the renewed assurances of Ger-
many's desire "to achieve a peaceful
settlement of outstanding questions"
was taken to include Czechoslovakia's
minority problem.
If that question were settled peace-
fully, the question of Germany's war-
lost colonies, for whose return she
has been agitating, would remain as
one of the chief obstacles to an Anglo-
German rapprochement.
Chamberlain gave his explanation
of the conversation, held by Wiede-
mann and Halifax Monday night in
the form of a written reply to a
question in the House of Commons.
His complete statement was:
"In the course of his recent visit to
London, Captain Wiedemann had an
informal conversation with the secre-
tary of state for foreign affairs.
Germans Desire Peace
"Captain Wieiemann did iot come
prepared to discuss any particular
aspect of political affairs, but the
conversation enabled him, owing to
his contact with authoritative circles
in Germany, to renew the assurances
already given by the German Gov-
ernment of their desire to achieve a
peaceful settlement of outstanding
luestions."
The German's meeting with Hali-
fax was understood to have figured
importantly in the Foreign Secre-
tary's conversations in Paris with
Premier Edouard Daladier and for-
eign minister Georges Bonnet.
Chamberlain's statement gave no
indication that Anglo-German nego-
tiations, broken off just as they were
beginning when Germany annexed
Austria March 13, would be resumed
immediately.
But the emphasis given in official
quarters to the German initiative in
sending Wiedemann here made his
visit appear as the gesture Britain'
had awaited before .making a new
approach for formal negotiations.
Watch Word
Meaning Is
Plea Of Knott
Dictionary Editor Speaks
Before Weekly Meeting
Of Linguistics ~Institute

/

Prof. Hyma Attacks Theory Of
Capitalism Due To Calvinism

Where Calvinism is the strongest,
capitalism, contrary to the established
thesis, is weakest, Prof. Albert Hyma
said yesterday speaking before the
weekly luncheon conference of the
Graduate Conference of Renaissance
Studies.
Attacking t h e long-established
thesis that Calvinism fostered capital-
ism, endorsed,by as noted a scholar as
Max Weber, Professor Hyma pointed
to his native Holland as an outstand-
ing example of the divergence be-
tween capitalism and Calvinism.
Dutch sea power, he said, control-
led the trade routes of the Baltic for
more than 250 years dating from the
14th century and Holland rose to
heights of commercial power long be-
fore Calvin appeared on the scene.
The Dutch also discovered a method
of preserving fish, which they kept
secret from all other powers and deve-
loned a prosperous trade in that line.

sufficient to keep him and one must
not be too interested in business af-
fairs.
It has long been the belief of fore-
most reformation scholars, Professor
Hyma said, that Calvin was the man
of the world, the man with money,
while his German contemporary, Mar-
tin Luther was a poor and retiring
mystic. Luther, Professor Hyma, said,
was in reality rich. He was sent off to
school with all the benefits of the
wealthy young man of his day. He
received the treatment due to nobles
and at the time of his death he was
worth $150,000. Calvin, on the other
hand, was most of the time in poor
financial straits.
In three districts of the seven which
make up the Netherlands, Professor
Hyma pointed out, Calvinism was
extraordinarily strong. In these dis-
tricts prosperity was retarded until

the accumulated thought of each
particular epoch, the only common
attribute being an intense inner re-
ligious feeling, Dr. Sidney S. Tedesche,
rabbi at Union Temple, Broklyn, N.Y.,
said in a lecture yesterday in the
Graduate School auditorium.
Dr. Tedesche characterized the
Bible and the Talmud as "two great
libraries of literature" both of which
embody the great idealizations of God
and goodness, and the psychological
truths that are reflected in the think-
ing of all men in every age.
The Jewish people have a peculiar
interest in the Bible, Dr. Tedesche
said, a fact that can be explained and
undestood when it is realized that

own. The Bible was not vocalized
until the 10th century, when the great
Jewish philosophers of the Middle
Ages undertook that task. The "Lord
God" of the Jewish Talmud is the God
of both Justice and Mercy, Dr.
Tedesche indicated, and that combin-
ation of ideals has animated the re,
ligious thinking and action of the
Jewish people.
The greatest single obstacle to
biblical scholarship is the difficulty
in obtaining accurate translations,
Dr. Tedesche said. He illustrated
this contention by citing the mis-
understandings that have arisen out
the common mistranslation of the
word "Prophet." In the original He-

With an appeal to historical lin-
guists, especially those working in
etymology, to give more attention to
the meanings of words, Prof. Thom-
as A. Knott, editor of the Middle Eng-
lish dictionary, co-editor of the Early
Modern English dictionary, and re-
cent general editor of Webster's New
International dictionary, addressed
the Linguistic Institute luncheon con-
ference yesterday as one of two
speakers on the topic, "Etymology
and Semantics."
After a prefatory remark that the
principle he intended to discuss had
first been- set forth by Noah Webster
in his introduction to his dictionary
110 years ago, Dr. Knott continued
with the assertion that nevertheless
dictionaries in general still ignore
that principle. Webster pointed to
the need for considering the semantic
or meaning-analysis of a word only in
the light of its etymology, a need
which he came to realize through 10
years of etymological research after
the completion of his first small work

E