THE MICHIGAN DAILY- Y FRIDAY. AUG. 19

MICHIGAN DAILY

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udited and managed by students of the University of
Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of
Student Publications.
Publishea every morning except Monday during the
University year and summer session.
Member of the Associated Press
The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the
use for republication of all news dispatches credited to
It or not otherwise credited in this newspaper. All
rights of republication of all other matters herein also
lnteered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as
ieond class mail matter.
$ubscriptions during regular school year by carrier,
_.4600; by mail. $4.50.
!',ember, Associated Collegiate Press, 1937-38
RRPRUNTEDO FOR NATIONAL ADVRTISING BaY
NationalAdvertisingService,inc.
CollegPublishers Rejrsentative
42o MAD4ON AvE. NEW YORK, 4. Y.
CICAGO - osToN - LOS ANGELES - SAN 'ANCISCO
Board of Editors
MA14AGING EDITOR. . IRVING SILVERMAN
'City Editor . , . . . . Robert I. Fitzhenry
Assistant Editors ... . . . Mel Fineberg,
Joseph .Gies, Elliot Maraniss, Ben M. Marino,
Carl Petersen, Suzanne Potter, Harry L.
Sonneborn.
Business Department
BUSINESS MANAGER ... ERNEST A. JONES
Credit Manager . . . . Norman Steinberg
trcUiilation. Manager . . . J. Cameron Hall
Assistants Philip Buchen, Walter Stebens
NIG 'T EtITQR: IRVING SILVRMAN
The editorials published in The Michigan
DIly are writtei by members of the Daily
staff and represent the views of the writers
.ily
It is important for society to avoid the
neglect of adults, but positively dangerous
for it to ,thwart the ambition of youth to
reform the world. Only the schools which
act on this belief are educational institu-
tions in the best meanig of the term.
-Alexander G. Ruthven.
And So
we Part...
ODAY THE SUMMER SESSION of-
icially closes and The Michigan Daily
ceses publication until the opening of the first
semester of the regular session.
"The summer has offered much both in high
araem c standards and in recreational advan-
tages. Wit some of the outstanding scholars
ofthe. nation serving as visiting professors here
this summer, and many of the faculty members
f the regular session conducting courses, to-
gather with the facilities of the University at
the disposal of the students, and the several na-
tional institutes conducted here, the University
Summer Session has placed educational advan-
tages before the students. The plays, excursins,
special lectures, symphony andband concerts
and other special features have all attempted to
makethe student discover more pleasure in the
university environment.
The Daily, itself, has endeavored to serve the
student body as ably and profitably as it could.
It has tried to sum up the local, national and
international affairs for morning consumption
and enlightenment. If the Daily has been found
interesting and enjoyable, then it has served its
purpose. If it has provoked thought both in-
agreement and opposition to its editorial columns,
if it has invited a healthy skepticism on the part
of its readers toward various events and trends,
then, again, it has accomplished its purpose.
The Daily has endeavored to be always truthful,
honest and sincere and in doing so feels that it
has conscientiously fulfilled its duty as a news-
paper with a university background.
-Irving Silverman
Mr. Dies
Goe s ToTown..
T HE DIES COMMITTEE investigating
un-American activties appears head-
eu in the familiar path of previous similar com-
mittees. So far, it has been discovered that there
are Communists in the CIO, the UAW, the Ameri-
can League for Peace and Democracy, the Work-

ers' Alliance, the Civil Liberties Union, the
American Student Union, and several other.
groups. The three principle witnesses on the
tnatter of Communist influence in the country
have been John P, Frey, long known as a leading
reactionary in the top command of the Ane ri-
can Federation of Labor and a bitter opponent
of the CIO since that organization's inception;
Walter S. Steele, editor of the notorious National
Republic, organ of a number of professional
patrioteering societies, and Edward F. Sullivan,
the committee's own investigator, who has been
exposed by the Midwest Daily Record, Chicago
labor newspaper, as a former labor spy, listed
in the LaFollette Civil Liberties Committee's
findings.
The testimony has verged on the ludicrous on
several occasions already; for example, Sulli-
van's revelations concerning the activities of
several movie stars, who, it seems, have contrib-
uted money to the cause of Loyalist Spain.

tee, to investigate a connection between the De-
partment of Labor and Harry Bridges, west coast
maritime union leader, which Mr. Sullivan
hinted rather darkly at during his recitation.
Representative Dies is known to be a close
friend of Vice-President Garner, his only dis-
tinction as far as anyone can recall. Mr. Garner,
it is further known, has placed himself at the
head of the opposition Democrats who are lay-
ing plans for control of the 1940 presidential
convention and meantime using every means to
smear the New Deal. One of the simplest methods
is the attachment of the pro-Communits label, or,
in its modified versions, the pro-CIO, pro-Bridges,
pro-sit-down strike, pro-everything-the-public-
has-been-inoculated-against-by-the-press label.
If the Labor Department can be dragged across
the front pages of, the reactionary press as
"linked up" with the alien agitator, Harry
Bridges, the investigation will be very useful-
for the cause of reaction. Factual accuracy is of
minor importance in these matters; the essential
thing is "exposure" of something about the other
side, something that, will catch the voter on a
tender stereotype.
But is is doubtful whether many people will
be greatly aroused by the committee's findings,
no matter what size headlines blazon the tale
across the front page. Too many witch-hunts
have been conducted already. In fact, even the-
press, with the exception of the most reactionary
section, is unable to do justice in the old-
fashioned style to the Dies committee. The word
"Red" no longer carries the appeal it did a few
years ago. A torso slayer easily monopolize,
the lead columns in competition with the plottings
of Moscow. Many people are inclined to shrug an
indifferent shoulder over the news that there
are still Communists in America, and, perhaps
more important, so many honest and useful citi-
zens and statesmen of liberal convictions have
beein labeled "Red" that the sting is wearing off.
-Joseph Gies
Te 'Purge'.
The President Quotes The Post
The following editorial appeared in -thle New
York Post early this week and was quoted in its
entirety by President Roosevelt In explaininghis
*intervention, in primary elections to his press
conference:
"The President of the United States ought
not to interfere in party primaries." That state-
ment, in one form or another, is appearing these
days throughout the Tory press.
The idea is that the President should be
aloof, from such sordid considerations as who
wins the primaries in his own party. But actu-
ally these primaries will determine to a large
extent the makeup of the next Congress. And
that, in turn, will determine whether or not the
President can keep his campaign promises to the
people.
Campaign promises are supposed to be the
responsibility of the whole party. At least that's
the theory. But in practice the head of the party
alone is held responsible for them.
In American politics any one can attach him-
self to a political party whether he believes in
its program or not. We hear the phrase "read
out of the party," but it doesn't mean anything.
No one is read out of the Democratic or the
Republican Party. There are many prominent
Democrats today who are heart and soul against
everything the Democratic Party has stood for
since 1932. And those men are still in the party.
What's worse, not one of them was candid
enough to oppose the renomination of Franklin
D. Roosevelt in 1936, although after four years
there'was no doubt whatever as to the program
Franklin D. Roosevelt was pursuing.
This same hidden opposition, after giving the
New Deal lip-service in 1936, turned around and
knifed it in Congress in 1937 and 1938.
Now that election time has come around again,
the hidden opposition hides the ax behind its
back and prepares to give the President lip-
service once more.
In those circumstances there is nothing for
the.President to do-as the responsible head of
the New Deal-but to repudiate publicly those
who have betrayed the New Deal in the past and
wilt again.
If men like Senator Tydings of Maryland
said frankly: "I no longer believe in the plat-

form of the Democratic Party as expressed in
the New Deal; I'm running forr e-election as a
member of the Republican opposition to 'the
New Deal, then there would be no reason and
no excuse for President Roosevelt to intervene
against them.
The issue would be clear. The voter could
take his choice between the New Deal and
Tydings' record of consistent opposition to it.
But Tydings tells the voters he supports the
"bone and sinew" of the New Deal. He wants to
run with the Roosevelt prestige and the:money
of his conservative Republican friends both on
his side.
In that case it becomes the President's right
and duty to, tell the' people what he thinks of
Millard Tydings.
That's why we welcome the report that
Roosevelt help is going to be given to Tydings'
opponent, Rrepresentative David J. Lewis, and
to James H. Fay, candidate for the nomination
in the Sixteenth Congressional District of New
York.
Fay is running against Representative John
J. O'Connor, one of the most effective obstruc-
tionists in the lower house. Week in and week
out O'Connor labors to tear down New Deal
strength, pickle New Deal legislation.
Why shouldn't the responsible head of the
New Deal tell the people just that?
-New York Post
Cost Of Battleships
The $5,000,000 appropriation for the Kear-
sarge would scarcely commission a modern de-
stroyer. Our, two new battleships, the North
Carolina and the Washington, now under con-

[ifeems loe
H-eywood Broun
NEW YORK, Aug. 16-Seemingly there is not
much to be said about Martin Dies who heads
the special House committee which was sup-
posed to be investigating "un-American activi-
ties." All that he reveals of himself in the direc-
tory of the Seventy-fifth
Congress is set down in a
single line *which runs,
"Democrat, of Orange, Tex-
as, was elected to the seven-
ty-second and each succeed-
ing Congress." There is noth-
ing here which accounts for
the strange didoes to which
,Dies has commi~tted his as-
sociates. Naturally I feared the worst when the
first session of the investigators was turned into
a field. day for photographers who were allowed
to take pictures of little Robert Dies while the
child looked up in admiration as his father
posed for the birdie with a menacing gavel in
his hand. "There will be bedtime stories," I
said to myself uneasily, and my worst wears
were realized when Colonel John P. Frey was
wheeled in to do his familiar turn on "Reds"
with slides and sound' effect.
The Colonel has not changed his act for many
seasons; but apparently it was novel to the
gentleman from Orange who sat open-mouthed,
as is his custom, while the good, gray metal-
worker took rabbits from a hat.
* * *
Judging from the newspaper cuts little Bobby
seems to be a likely lad, but I am wondering
whether Martin Dies has not established a dan-
gerous precedent by attempting to turn the ses-
sions of his committee into a series of children's
matinees. Nor do I feel that even little Bobby
will be much amused after the first ten or twelve
hours of the performance, for Colonel Frey
really isn't in a class with Uncle Don when it
comes to goodclean fun.
When the Colonel began to read long passages
on the religious views of Lenin, little Bobby's
attention began to stray. Hhe couldn't see much
point in this part of the performance by the
funny man; and I must say that I am one with
Bobby in this respect. But for the sake of the
boy a trailer has been released promising a
double feature with famous starsof Hollywoo9
This is embodied in a report from Edward F.
Sullivan, "ace investigator for the Dies commit-
tee," who has just talked to the Los Angeles
Chief of Police, and become overnight an au-
thority on "subversive activities" among the
stars of the silver screen.
If Mr. Sullivan is an ace it must be that the
deuces are running wild, for there is nothing in
his revelations which has not been a matter of
newspaper record for many months. He has,
for instance, discovered the existence of an or-
ganization known as the North American Com-
mittee to Aid Spanish Democracy. Mr. Sullivan
says that many well known actors in California
have contributed to it. Of course, they have. So
have well known authors and writers and paint-
ers and bakers and candlestick makers in New
York, Chicago and 'New Canaan. Indeed, there
are millions of Americans who do not share Mr.
Sullivan's feeling that it is subversive for men
and women of America to favor the cause of
democracy against the Fascism of Franco.
And again, Mr. Sullivan feels that he has hit
upon something in learning that there is an anti-
Nazi League in Hollywood. Mr. Sullivan can hard-
ly contend that this is an under-cover group,
for he complains that it conducts a "very lurid
campaign" against Hitler and his American co-
horts over the radio five nights a week. Since
when did it become un-American to express
horror and indignation at the persecutions
fostered by Der Fuehrer and those who would
start a similar anti-Semetic movement in Ameri-
ca? According to the news story, Mr. Sullivan
said Jewish organizations seemed to be con-
cerned about the activities of the German-Ameri-
can Bund and the Silver Shirts, but he added,
"This concern is not shared ' by any other

agency."V
Quite obviously it is not shared by the Dies
committee which allowed George Sylvester Vie-
reck to sail for Germany before submitting to
questions, nor has any concern been expressed
by "the ace investigator." Indeed, he goes out of
his way to assure Nazis in Los Angeles that
they have a perfect legal right to picket Jewish
meetings. But the Dies committee is only a little
group of indifferent Congressmen.
Americans in the mass do not intend to allow
Fascist philosophy to poison American life. It
would be an excellent idea to put "the ace in-
vestigator" back at the bottom of the pack, and
for Martin Dies to take his whitewash brush and
his little son home to Orange. This is no job
for tots or tangerine legislators.
The Editor
Gets Told..
'Not A Fascist'
To The Editor:
It would indeed be ungrateful of me to leave
this summer without expressing my appreciation
of your splendid editorials. In an age of increas-
ing regulation and threatening fascism, a free
press is indeed refreshing. Keep it that way.
And a suggestion. Although I heartily agree

Walter M. Kotchning.
University Press. $3.50.

The Unemployed Intellectual
Does A College Education Help In Getting A Job?

Oxford

By STANLEY LEBERGOTT
"WPA here we come," may be the
challenge which a disillusioned gen-:
eration of students hurls at society
today, but previous generations have
been far more optimistic. Profes-
sional schools have burgeoned, en-
rollments shot up since the turn of
the century, until even America is
Bearing the insistent claim that the
professions are overcrowded. With
the democratization of education, the
emancipation of the lower and middle
classes in European countries follow-
ing the war, and the continuing pres-
tige of the professions, the causes
for this increase are clear. But
whether or not the increase has re-
sulted in a real overcrowding of the
professions remains to be determined.
Perhaps the main service which Pro-
fessor Kotchnig's work renders is to
point out that the major cause for
the undue size of professional enroll-
ments and unemployment is not that
incompetents have filled the profes-
sions but rather that society does not
employ competent graduates, how-
ever much it needs their services.
With the.s three years of prepara-
tion, the distinguished committee of
collaborators, and the statistical im-
pedimenta which lend authority to
this work, there may be a tendency
to overlook the vital meaning of its
conclusions.' The blanke t state-
ment that the ratio of students to
population has increasedttremen-
dously in all countries since the war
-600 per cent in Japan, 232 per cent
in the United States, 144 per cent in
Germany-only weakly indicates the
background of crowded classrooms,
overworked faculties, and restrictions
on enrollment which accompanied
this growth. But when it has been
translated into terms of fighting!
youth organizations, and collegel
graduates turning more and more to
competition with truck drivers, sales-
men, and clerks for their positions, itl
becomes clear that here is one of
the fundamental anomalies of mod-
ern educational and economic so-
ciety. It, has almost come to be ex-
pected- that college graduates will
gain no better chance at a job as a
result of a general college training.
But the serious problem concerns the
specialized graduates-teachers, doc-
tors, engineers, lawyers.

viously needed instruction.
The medical profession, is presum-
ably overcrowded, "the supply of new
graduates greatly exceeds the de-
mand due to the increase of prac-
ticing physicians" says the Final Re-
port of the Commission on Medical
Education. But this overproduction,
Kotschnig is quick to point out, does
not mean that the number of physi-
cians is larger than needed. For the
Committee on the Costs of Medical
Care has made it abundantly clear
that the country's need for medical
service is not being adequately met at
present; and that more physicians
rather than less are required were
we to provide satisfactory medical
service for all. But medical service
falls into the same category as
plowed under wheat, dumped milk,
and burned coffee: too many people
need it; too few can pay for it. There-
fore the cry of "Overproduction." But
is it overproduction when the fun-
damental needs of the people are
overlooked? "Only when the pos-
sibilties offered by medical insurance
or other forms of socialized medicine
have been fully and dispassionately
explored will it be possible to dis-
cover whether the medical profes-
sion in the United States is over-
crowded."
Lawyers No Better Off
Lawyers in the United States-as
elsewhere-are no better off. The
County Bar Association of New York
opened an employment bureau,
handled 3,000 cases of unemployed
lawyers during the eight months end-
ing February, 1931. The Bureau
finally had to close "as during the
time of its .existence it had only been
able to secure 40 positions." But this
overcrowding was more apparent
than real, for public service and pri-
vate business would have benefited
immeasurably had leading positions
been filled by men with legal train-
ing.
The American scene has been em-
phasized because it is most close to
students of the university, and
teachers who know of shortened
school years, crowded classes and pay
cuts. But conditions abroad are
equally 'serious, perhaps more se-
rious. For the unemployment of the
intellectual has been a major problem
to most European countries 15 and
20 years ago. But the causes for the
continuing lack of opportunity, for
"hard core unemployment" are
roughly the same. Professionals are
in a particularly vulnerable position
when economies must be practicied
by the lower and middle classes.
Their services can be readly fore-
gone-what need have people who
fare worried about food and shelter
of the teacher, the architect, the den-
tist? Most professionals are self-

LEARNED

PROFESSIONS,


by number of school children than pre-

DAILY OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
FRIDAY, AUG. 19, 1938
VOL. XLVIII. No. 46
All students who have competed in
the Hopwood Contests should call for
their manuscripts at the English Of-
fice, 3221 Angell Hall. today, 8:30-12,
1:30-4:30.
Colleges of Literature, Science, and
the Arts, and Architecture; Schools
of Education, Forestry and Music:
Each student who has changed his
address since June registration should
file change of address in Room 4
U.H. so that the report of his sum-
mer work will not be misdirected.
Registrants of Bureau of Appoint-
ments: Persons registered in the Bu-
reau should leave a change of ad-
dress notification at 201 Mason Hall
before leaving campus. Hours: 9-12,
2-4 p.m. daily; 9-12 only on Saturday.
University Bureau of Appointments
and Occupational Information.
Exhibition of Early Chinese Pottery,
at the School of Architecture, Mon-
roe Street, under the auspices of the
Institute of Fine Art upon the occa-
sion of the Summer In-titute of Far
Eastern Studies. The exlnihition has
been extended by request throughout
the Summer Session.
Summer Session French Club: The
picture taken at the fourth annual
banquet in the Michigan Union,
Thursday, Aug. 11, can be obtained
from the Secretary of the Romance
Language Department, 11a Romance
Language Building.
Charles E. Koella.
Exhibition of Student water colors
and oils done in the summer class in
outdoor sketching, Ground Floor
Corridor, Architecture Building.
PEACH QUEEN TO RULE
ROMEO--P)---A peach queen to
rule over the annual. Romeo Peach
Festival here Sept. 3 to 5 will be
chosen Friday night from 11 candi-
dates representing six cities.
employed, or employed by the gov-
ernment.. If self-employed, as the
typical physician or lawer is, they
have a few ethical ways of increasing
business, and there is no place to
search for a job. If employed by the
government (teachers, artists, archi-
tects) it is the easiest thing in the
world for them to find that economy
requires their dismissal, or prevents
their employment in the first place.
But while the demand for the
services of the professional man and
woman is so easily restricted, the ob-
vious implications are 'fignored. By
contrast, the hope that springs eter-
nal, and a certain blind faith in the
value of the professional degree
makes the supply of graduates rela-
tively inelastic.

200,000

Unemployed

The figures which are given for the
teaching profession in the United
States are perhaps unduly biased by
the depression - 200,000 certified
teachers unemployed, and 250,000
getting less than $700 yearly in 1933
-but it is clear that an even greater

I. rrI

Does a Summer Session student on
the Campus become a Michigan
Alumnus .. .

THE ANSWER IS

Yes!

He is entitled to avail hemself of the
privileges of memnbership in The
Alumni Association if hie so desires.
The initia.tive should; comre from:
him
An interested Alumnus reads
THE MICHIGAN ALUMNUS

r
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