" TW

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

:S'CTh' DA'Y', Y 4, 1937

TWO SUNDAY, JUlY 4, 1937


'HE MICHIGAN DAILY
Mieal Publication of the Summer Session

Dr. Glenn Frank's Centennial
On The Level
S peech elivered Here June 18

DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN
Publication in the Bulletin is constructive notice to all members of the
University. Copy received at the office of the Summer Session, Room 1213
A. H. until 3:30; 11:00 a.m. on Saturday.

I

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(j

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Our Forefathers
Started It..**
S IGNERS of the Declaration of In-
dependence 161 years ago must
have realized the slaughter its public announce-
ment July 4 would precipitate in the ensuing pe-
riod of the American Revolution, but it is doubt-
ful that they could foresee the even greater
slaughter indulged in annually, since that time
in their name.
Dr. C. C. Slemons, State Health Commissioner,
points out in a recent bulletin that last year's
toll from fireworks left 30 dead and 7,738 in-
jured in spite of drastic restrictions against their
use in most states.
Carrying out this figure we have a total for
161 years of 4,830 dead, 232,140 injured during
that period, even without taking into account
the fact that the figure was larger in years be-
fore states put limitations into effect.
The legislatures which still permit the use of
fireworks and the fathers who knowingly aid
their children in the purchase and use of bootleg
fireworks are morally guilty of negligent homi-
cide.
Socialism
And Communism .. .
A 'RATHER POPULAR parlor sport
among half-sophisticated intellec-
tuals and even among the naive masses is to
argue the differences between socialism and
communism. In the eyes of the public a social-
ist has become someone who is more or less
looked-up-to as an independent idealist. While
the word "communist" is still more or less a
popular cussword used in condemning anything
that deviates slightly from the typical in society
whether it be in the arts, religion, or political-
economic fields.
It is utter folly to argue the differences between
a communist and a socialist. Most socialists are
Marxists, as are most communists. However,.
some communists and some socialists are not
Marxists. Many socialists are evolutionary grad-
ualists, many are not. The latter believe in a
miore active fostering of a revolutionary change.
It must be granted that most communists be-
lieve in more active policies, but nevertheless
are gradualists. Was it not the official com-
munist party that urged the support of Roose-
velt (a conservative) in the last election? Of
course, this was done in fear of a fascistic reac-
tion with the election of the Hearst-backed Lan-
don, but this whole united front movement to
save democracy from fascism is essentially noth-
ing less than a recognition of the inevitability of
gradualism. As regards violence, it is just as
easy to find violent socialists as violent com-
munists. The term violence 4s however gen-

erally misunderstood by the public. When the
concept is studied, it is found that the com-
munists do not believe in violence as a policy
of action, but rather accept the inevitability of
it coming as a reaction to the gaining of political
power by the masses from the entrenched "eco-
nomic royalists" who now more or less pull
the strings which run our system.
The real difference between communism and
socialism we believe is in the method of dis-
tribution of income and goods in a collectivized
state. The goal of both socialism and com-
munism is the collective ownership and opera-
tion of the means of production in varying de-
grees according to the evolutionary stages it is
possible to pass peacefully through. However,
the method of distribution in socialism is based
upon the productivity, the significance of the
contribution, or the services rendered by the in-

(The First Part of Dr. Glenn Frank's Centennial
address was printed in these columns yesterday)
ALL THIS IS CREDIBLE and convincing if the
model university is to be an endowed Har-
vard. But what if the model university is to be
a tax-supported Minnesota or Michigan? In that
case, the problem differs, but the principle re-
mains. A state may, as it should, democratize
educational opportunity for all its youth, regard-
less of economic status, through adequate tax-
support of its university. A state may, as it
should, formulate out of the common counsel of
its people the broad objectives of a university
that will uniquely serve the particular folk-
nature and regional problems of the state in
question. A state may, as it should, thus evolve
a university that will serve its interests more
effectively than a reduplicated Harvard would
serve them. But beyond these broad determina-
tions, reflecting the considered will of the whole
people rather than the special program of any
single group transiently in control, the state
university must be as free from external dicta-
tion as the endowed university if it is to answer
to the requirements of the model university.
I have gone at length into the matter of
freedom from external dictation and have em-
phasized democracy of internal procedure be-
cause all other essentials combined-superb plant
and equipment, faculty of superior caliber, wisely
determined curricula, even lavish financial sup-
port-cannot create the model university if these
two imperatives be missing. For the moment the
threat of detailed control from without or dic-
tatorship from within invades a university, an
unconfessed reign of terror grips the minds of
its scholars. And, under that psychology, the
scholarship of a university dies and its teaching
stammers.
Granted these two conditioning factors, free-
dom from external dictation and democracy of
internal procedure, we may probe more in-
timately into the nature of the model university.
The model university will not be a single type
to which every American university could, prof-
itably to the nation, be made to conform.
We need a certain number of universities that
express Abraham Flexner's austere ideal of a
kind of walled city of refuge in which scholars
and scientists, without resposibility for action,
will concern themselves solely with four obliga-
tions:, (1) to discover knowledge, (2) to inter-
pret knowledge, (3) to conserve knowledge, and
(4) to train future scientists and scholars who
will carry on this triple business of discovery,
interpretation, and conservation in still other
universities and research centers or bring the
fruits of its discipline to careers at the higher
professional levels.
A university that thus devoted itself exclu-
sively to the promotion of scholarship and the
production of scholars, in the professional sense,
should not be asked to train practical men or to
relate its research directly to considerations of
use and practice. A university conceived after
this Flexner formula will admirably further that
intellectual enterprise from which, in part, the
social enterprise of a people must stem. But it
will, in general, leave ungiven that broader dis-
cipline for responsible action which we should ex-
pect the university enterprise to give to the po-
tential leadership of community, state, and na-
tion. And it is just here that one of the special
obligations of the state university appears.
It is currently held in some educational
quarters that this broader discipline is not a
direct function of the university. I think it is.
This responsibility cannot, without grave loss, be
shifted from the universities to inflated high
schools or decentralized into a myriad of junior
colleges. This broader discipline- of potential
leadership calls for a high order of capacity
in the directors of class room and laboratory.
The blunt truth is that there are not enough
good men to go around to man the number
of universities we are trying to run; that is, not
enough willing to enter university service. There
is surely no call for an Academic Adjustment Ad-
ministration to plow under surplus teaching gen-
ius. If we spread the existing supply of teach-
ing genius, at college and university level, over
a mushroom array of newly created junior col-

leges, we shall further impoverish the human
caliber of the universities without securing al-
ternative centers adequately equipped to do the
job decentralized into their hands.
The model university, which will undertake
to give this broader social discipline Mr. Flex-
ner's more austere university leaves ungiven,
will be at once simpler and more varied than any
existing American university.
It will be simpler because it will divest itself
of a mass of special things now encumbering
many universities. It will not go in for miscel-
laneous trainings of a technical and trivial na-
ture. It will dispense ruthlessly with the crass,
the shoddy, and the pointless in dropsical cur-
ricula and babbitized services to which univer-
sities may so easily commit themselves in the
struggle for endowments or appropriations.
It will be more varied because it will create a
wider variety of basic disciplines. I do not mean
it will expand the number of professional and
vocational trainings now given. It may well
reduce variety in these fields. I mean that it
will recognize the fact that more than a ma-
jority of students annually entering American
colleges and universities are neither suited to
nor best served by the traditional academic dis-
ciplines. The model university, in consequence,
will not be a Procrustean bed, saying to its stu-
dents, "if you are too long for the pattern we
have, we will cut you off; if too short, we will

tically adapted to the nature and needs of the
students taking them.
In 1927, I retold to a large assembly of Wiscon-
sin farmers the story of the Danish Kolk Schools
which, born in the brain of Bishop Nicholai S. F.
Grundtvig, with incredible swiftness as historic
changes are measured, transformed Denmark
from a nation of peasants, practicing agricul-
tural methods little changed, since the dawn of
history, into a nation of scienctific producers
and economic cooperators, prosperous and free,
masters of their own destiny. This amazing re-
sult was, beyond doubt, directly traceable to the
impact of these drastically unacademic schools
upon the young adults of the Danish countryside.
I seriously doubt that a traditional four-year
college course for all these young Danes would
so decisively have produced this sweeping social
transformation of Danish life and enterprise.
These Folk Schools were anything but voca-
tional. In the deepest sense they were concerned
with liberal education. They stimulated and dis-
ciplined an alert and socially sensitive intelli-
gence in the young Danes by saturating them
with the traditions of Denmark's past and con-
fronting them with the challenge of Denmark's
future. They were not unduly bookish. They
found many of the materials of education in
the conditions, forces, and needs of the Danish
community. And they did not kill the educa-
tional process by over-organizing it. They got
along without meticulous arrangements for
standardization assignments, periodic examina-
tions, and definitive graduations. They put their
trust in a stimulating infol;mal meeting and
cross-fertilization of the minds of teachers and
students.
I told this assembly of Wisconsin farmers that
we might profitably harness this Danish ex-
perience to the needs of rural Wisconsin. Later
I found and placed at the head of the College
of Agriculture a gifted young Danish-American,
Chris L. Christensen, who early conceived the
idea of transforming an existing Agricultural
Short Course, then vocational in its emphasis
and small in its attendance, into a Farm Folk
School, fashioned in the Danish manner but
adapted to therAmerican scene. Today this
Folk School attracts between 300 and 400 young
adults from rural Wisconsin. They live in
improvised dormitories, dine at a common table,
and work as a coherent community. Less than
half their time is given to technical problems
of agriculture, more than half to the social
sciences, humanities, and arts. They come to-
gether after the evening meal for song and ser-
ious discussion in a large common room. A
stream of provocative personalities, as leaders
of discussion, is kept flowing through these eve-
ning forums. An age of from 18 to 25, two
years of farm apprenticeship, and a manifest
interest to learn are the only entrance require-
ments. Academic tradition is boldly violated
by plunging these students directly into problems
of economics, sociology, political science, and the
like without their having taken the usual pre-
requisite courses. There is no adding-machine
accumulation of credits built on periodic exam-
inations. The men who teach judge the stu-
dents who study by how their minds ope'rate
in the give-and-take of class room and forum
and by how they function as members of the
school community as they approach the end of
their terms of residence in the School.
Each year the respect of the academic com-
munity for the solidity of educational results
achieved by this Folk School grows. It is my
considered judgment that this procedure is giv-
ing annually to some 300 to 400 young adults,
for the role they are to play, something they
could not get elsewhere in the educational sys-
tem. And it is planting throughout rural Wis-
consin men who, although without a college
degree, are nevertheless liberally educated men.
Ten more years of its operation will produce, as
a like procedure produced in Denmark, a farm
leadership unmatched in cultural grounding,
economic grasp, social sensitiveness and respon-
sibility.
This Farm Folk School is a laboratory demon-
stration of a kind of discipline the model uni-
versity will extend to other fields. In the model
university, similar schools will stem from the
College of Engineering for young adults from the
labor ranks, from the School of Commerce for
young adults from or destined for business, and
so on. The social contribution of these schools

to state and nation will be inestimable, as they
build up. reservoirs of potential leadership, with
understanding and a stabilizing culture, for such
fields as labor and business.
In time such schools would draw in large num-
bers of students who otherwise would go into the
college proper, despite the fact that the strictly
academic college program is neither suited to
their nature nor best serves their needs. The
college proper will thereby be better able to do
its more strictly academic job. Its students will
be more nearly the students who should go to it.
In the model university, the work of the col-
lege of liberal arts will not, in any literal course-
by-course sense, be regarded primarily as a prep-
aration for entrance to graduate and professional
schools. Just as, incidentally, the model univer-
sity will release the high school from having
to key its program as exclusively as now to de-
tailed preparation for college entrance. Ca-
pacity requirements will, in large measure, take
the place of. credit requirements at the door of
the liberal college. Without being unduly cre-
dulous, we now know enough about measuring
capacity to move far in this direction. The
end result sought by liberal education will
be simply a thinking man alert and adapted to
his environment and age, not preparation
for taking this or that further course in

By WRRAG
First lM
THE QUESTION of what school worshipa
teachers do in their spare time has Brashares
finally been settled. If the galaxy of Patiotic."
school marms who are sleeping and;
;upping at Mosher-Jordan dormitory'
this summer are any indication of the Fourth A
general run. it would seem that they

em Evangelical,
ve., 10:30 a.m.

Church, So.
Rev. T. R.

play s k r n e Schmale will preach on the subjectt
play such kindergarten games as "=The Spirit of Democracy."l
-Simon Says Thumbs Up." After l
md during meals at this popular
dorm, these teachers, who have Mec- Saint.Andrew's Episcopal Church:
caed from all over the country for Services of worship today are: 8 a.m.
Hol Comunon,11a.m. Holy Com-'
higher degrees in education, can be Ho Communion Thm HlC .n
heard laughing and screaming very muion and sermon by The Rev.
loudly whenever any of their group
is caught thumbs down in their little-
recreation. Religious Service: Summer Session 3
For those who don't remember the students are invited to their respec-
rules of this childhood pastime, the tive places of worship in Ann Arbor
game goes something like this: a lead- Sunday afternoon. Sunday evening
er addresses the group with "Simon services will be conducted during the
says thumbs up" and the whole group session as follows: On the campus,
puts its thumbs into the air. The Vespers at 7:30 p.m. July 4, 25 and
leader continues saying, "Simon says Aug. 15. At the First Congregational
thumbs down" and they all follow her Church certain cooperating churches
command. This goes on until the announce a program upon vital re-
leader gives the command "Thumbs ligious issues at 7:30 p.m. Sunday,
-- TLLLy 11, 0 I R U A Anf 0


methodist Church: Morning on the Library steps at 7:15 o'clock,
at 10:30 a.m. Dr. C. W. Sunday, July 4.
will preach on "To The

up" or "Thumbs down" without put-z
ting on the prefix, "Simon says."
Those who respond to this unprefixed
command, and put their thumbs up or
down without "Simon" telling them
to, are caught and the laughs and
sci eams follow. It is all a lot of good
clean fun, but we would like to count
the blushes that would appear if az
gang of 10-year olds were to walk into
the room while the game is in pro-
gress.
WE WERE SITTING on the side-j
lines after being "cut" at the<
Lcague's free taxi-dance, Friday
night, when one of the many host-
esses asked us to join the thousands
already on the dance floor. We want-
ed to see what this hostess business
was like, so we accepted and dartedl
into the stream of slightly swaying;
humanity. The young lady started.
right off with the conversation by
telling us of her experience in the l
faculty reception line. It seems that.
the girls last name was as long as
Johnny Gee, and quite difficult to
remember. The girl was quite frank
about the fact that her name had
changed three times as she was be-
ing introduced down the long line of
faculty. At the end of the line, she
was a "Miss Blinsky" or something,
while her real name at the beginning
of the reception was something like
"Miss Koplarblinsky."
This experience in the reception line
reminded us of a little incident that
occurred at one' of President Ruth-
ven's well attended pulchritude-teas
last year. A freshman was being in-
troduced to Dr. Ruthven, and three
women fainted as the freshie said,
"Pardon me, I didnt get the name,"
as he grasped the good President's
hand.
MEANDERINGS . . . If youj
want to get ... a larger steak
than you would ordinarily . . .
order a rare one . . . when din-
ing out. It seems that most of
the taverns ... in town ... cook
all their steaks . . . about the
same length of time ... and the
chefs hand you the thickest
steaks ... when you ask for rare
done ones . . . simply because
they will be rarer . . . than the
thinner steaks.
-0-
YESTERDAY we came across a
headline in an out-of-town paper
that read:
FURTHER DECLINE
IN PRICE OF SWINE
This rhyming head made us wonder
if newspapers wou dn't be much
more interesting if all the headlines
hada little rhythm. A swell oppoi-
tunity for such a headline turned up
yesterday. The story could have been
told like this:
Amelia Is Down In Pacific Ocean.
Where? No One Has Slightest Notion
Or the famous Hauptmann electro-1
cution might have been bannered like
this, by a poetic newspaperman:
Hauptmann Gets Hot Squat
For Taking Lindbergh Tot
Oh well, it's only an idea.

Juiy 11, 18f and Aug. t3
First Presbyterian Church: 10:45
a.m., Summer Union Service of the
Presbyterian and Congregational
Churches to be held at the Congre-
gational Church, corner of State and
William Streets. Dr. W. P. Lemon,,
minister of the Presbyterian Church
will preach on the subject "The Lib-
erty of a Christian."
10:45 a.m., Nursery and Church
School in the Church basement.
5:45 p.m., Round Table Conference
for students dealing with a discus-
sion of "Nationalism-Man's Other
Religion." Dr. Lemon will preside.
The price of the supper is 15c.
Harris Hall: The second meeting of
the Student Fellowship will be held,
tomorrow, evening. Arrangements
have been made to visit the .Saline
Valley Farms which is a co-
operative experiment between indus-
try and agriculture, and is one of the
most interesting places in Michigan.
A picnic' supper will be held at the
Farm and cars will leave St. An-
drew's Church at 5 p.m. The meet-
ing will be of an informal nature and
those coming are urged to wear old
clothes and bring their swimming
suits.
First Church of Christ, Scientist.
409 South Division St.
Morning service at 10:30 a.m.
Subject, "God."
Golden Text: Jude 1:25.
Responsive Reading: Psalms 89:1,
8, 9, 13-18.
Sunday School at 11:45 after
morning service.

League College Tea: The members
of the Ann Arbor Teachers Club who
are in the city will be at home to the
members of the League College for
tea from 3 to 5 p.m. in the West
parlor of Mosher Hall, Sunday, July
4. Automobiles will be provided to
show the visitors around the boule-
vards.
Stalker Hall: 9:30 a.m. Class for
students under the leadership of Pro-
fessor Carrothers. The . discussion
will be based on the recent book "The
Return to Religion" by Link.
5-6 p.m. Social Hour and Tea.
6-7 p.m. Wesleyan Guild meeting,
Prof. John L. Brumm will speak on
"What Do You Read?"
Becaure of the legal holiday the
Intramural Sports Building will not
be open on Monday, July 5.
The Graduate Outing Club will
meet at Lane Hall on Sunday, July 4
at 2 p.m. sharp where cars will meet
them to carry them to Silver Lake for
swimming, games, picnic supper and
boating. Those planning to go who
have cars are urged to bring them.
All graduate students are cordially in-
vited to attend all meetings of the
club during the summer.
School of Education, Changes of
Elections: No course may be elected
for credit after Saturday, July 10; no
course may be dropped without pen-
alty after Saturday, July 24. Any
change of elections of students en-
rolled in this school must be reported
at the Regsitrar's Office, Room 4,
University Hall.
Membership in class does not cease
nor begin until all changes have been
thus officially registered. Arrange-
ments made with instructors are not
official changes.
Summer Session Chorus: Next re-
hearsal will be Tuesday evening, 7 to
8 o'clock, in Morris Hall. Anyone
interested in singing is welcome.
Prof. David Mattern.
Political Science 151 will meet in
2014 A.H. the remainder of the Sum-
mer Session.
Political Science 185 will meet in
2014 A.H. the remainder of the Sum-
mer Session.
H. J. Heneman.
Russian: The class in advanced
Russian will meet at 5 o'clock Tues-
day, July 6, in Room 2019 Angell
Hall, to arrange the hours of recita-
tion.
Faculty Concert: Prof. Joseph
Brinkman, pianist, will play an in-
teresting program in the first con-
cert of the summer Faculty Series,
Tuesday evening, July 6, at 830
o'clock, in Hill Auditorium. The gen-
eral public is cordially invited to at-
tend without admission charge.
Phi Delta Kappa professional edu-
cation fraternity will hold its first
luncheon meeting of the current sum-
mer session on Tuesday, July 6 at
12:15 p.m. in the Michigan Union.
Members and their guests are invited
and urged to attend.
Teacher's Certificate Candiates who
expect to be recommended by the
Faculty of the School of Education
at the end of the Summer Session are
requested to call immediately at the
office of the Recorder of the School
of Education, 1437 U.E.S., to fill out
application blanks for the Certificate.
(This notice does not include School
of Music students.)
The Bureau has received notice of
the following Civil Service Examina-
tions:
Junior Agricultural Engineer, $2,000
(Continued on Page 4)


Saint Andrew's Episcopal Church:
Services of worship Sunday, are:
8 a.m. Holy Communion; 11 a.m.,
Holy Communion and sermon by The
Rev. Henry Lewis.
St. Paul's Lutheran Church, Lib-
erty at Third, C. A. Brauer, minister.
During July and August this church,
affiliated with the Missouri Synod,
will have an early morning service,
beg-inning at 8:15. There will be no
service at 10:45. Church school and
the service in the German language
begin at the usual time 9:30 a.m. The
sermon in both services will be de-
livered by the pastor on the topic:.
"The Christian and His Country."
Lutheran students are cordially in-
vited to attend the services.
Campus Vesper: The initial Vesper
service of the Summer Session will
take place at the Library Terrace,
Sunday at 7:30 p.m., July 4. Dr.
Louis A. Hopkins, Director of the
Summer Session, will address the
summer students. Music will be un-
der the directorhip of Prof. David A.
Mattern supported by., the summer
chorus.
E. W. Blakeman.
Summer Session Chorus will sing

I

4

Classified Directory j

system breeds anarchy and super- Place advertisements with Classified
ficiality. Its teachers will give educa- Advertising Department. Phone 2-3241.
The classified columns close at five
tional leadership to students in what. o'clock previous to day of insertion.
to study, but it will not make the Box numbers may be secured at no
etra charge.
mistake of forgetting that a too tight- Cash in advance only 11e per reading
ly dictated curriculum produces a line for one or two insertions.stOc per
sterility quite as bad as the anarchy reading line for three or more insertions.
(on basis of five average words to line).
of a too freelyelective system. Its Minimum three lines per insertion.
leadership in what to study will con-
sist in defining with great clarity the LAUNDRY
broad objective of the college years, LAUNDRY WANTED
but it will leave the detailed content' Priced Reasonably
of the curriculum extraordinarily All Work Guaranteed
flexible so that growing insight may STUDENT LIST
be easily reflected in it. Shirts.......................12c
The objective of the model univer- Shorts......................4c
sity, in its college of liberal arts,4c
will be to give students a running s.........................c
start at functioning intelligently in Handkerchiefs .................2c
stat t fncionngintllgenlyinSocks ......................... 3c
the creation, comprehension, and con-
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will not expect each professor to tell CO-ED LIST
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Nobody knows enough for that. But' Pantiers... ............. ... .7c
by hr t~ritnr i ri3 pCtat~ Handkerchiefs.........2c

FOR RENT
COMPLETELY furnished apartment
with private bath and shower. Con-
tinious hot water. Garage or park-
ing space. 422 E. Washington.
Phone 8544. 622
FOR RENT: Unusually nice, clean
single room for man studetit. 723
Haven. Phone 5003. 620
HOUSEKEEPING SUITE for three
girls or young couple. Also nicely
furnished room for one or two. 426
E. Washington. Phone 8544. 621
NEAR CAMPUS: Rooms single or
double. Clean and reasonable. 432
S. Division. 618
NOTICE
IF YOU HAVE A PATENT to sell,
develop, or promote, write 955
Cherry 'St., S. E. Grand Rapids
Michigan. 619