PAGE TWO

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

FRDAY, AUG. 13, 1937



THE MICHIGAN DAILY
I Official Publication of the Summer Session



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9dited and managed by students of the University of
Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control
of Student Publications.
Published every morning except Monday during the
University year and the Summer Session.
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of republicationof all other matter herein also reserved.
Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan as
second class mail matter.
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NIGHT EDITOR: STAN SWINTON
Wolf!
Wolf! ..
DURING the last decade the nation
has become increasingly "Red"-
conscious. Accusations of radicalism have been
leveled at many college professors and promi-
nent educators. The substance of these broad-
sides is to the effect that American students are
absorbing an "un-American" philosophy, and
are being spurred on by their instructors to a
type of thinking which can result only in de-
struction of the finest of American ideals. This
form of instruction, it has been asserted, might
even lead to revolutionary concepts leading to
violence.
Those who would defend these educators base
their arguments upon the solid rock of free
speech, which, they claim, is the inherent right
of every American citizen, guaranteed to him
by the Constitution. They maintain the right
of free-thinking citizens to spread their beliefs,
whether or not they are entirely in agreement
with the existing order. It is their contention
that a realistic approach to social and political
affairs, unobserved by the veil of sentimentality,
is a stimulation to the mental faculties of the
individual and a boon to progress.
Is it possible that both sides err? Does any
thinking person for one moment believe that
enlightenment leads to destruction? Are Amer-
igan ideals and standards so unsteady that
they cannot stand the test of the application
of truth? And yet, is it not possible that through
the appeal of a strong personality facts might
be twisted to such an extent that the student,
unversed in the art of argumentation, might see
the issues as the instructor intended him to,
rather than through the eyes of a fairly unbiased
observer? Isn't this stretching the principle of
free speech a trifle too thin?
It might be interesting to examine the exact
meaning of the terms, "American," and "un-
American." If any standard which is "American"
is in agreement with the status-quo, and any
which is "un-American" denies it, then the
maintenance of American ideals would mean a
continuation of old standards and customs, even
after they had outgrown their usefulness. The
function of education should be to point the way
to improvement and renovation of outmoded tra-
ditions. Hence, it must consist of a scientific
approach to life, and it cannot succeed if intel-
ligent, thinking persons are forced to conform
to a standard which is as out of date as the
Victorian Age. Yet, education cannot consider
its duty lightly. It must always seek to reveal
the truth, but it mnust encourage independence
in the formulation of individual judgments.

fetishes. All through the South the Ku Klux
Klan or its affinities are very much in evidence;
the East has its Liberty Leaguers; and our pro-
gressive Middle West, not to be outdone, de-
veloped the prize of them all in the Black Legion,
which is still flourishing under its own name and
has many sturdy offshoots such as, "We Amer-
icans" and the "Anglo-Saxon League." It would
take an eloquent leader with well-organized
propaganda only a few months or a year to unite
all these groups into a strong fascist movement.
What could the rest of America do at a time
of crisis other than to supinely acquiesce or to
fight?
The logical thing, it would seem, is to support
a counter offensive movement now. One way of
doing this is through having state and federal
investigations of all acts of violence attributed
to these organizations, which would bring to
light the many ramifications of their activities;
and to strengthen our bulwarks of freedom of
speech and tolerance of minorities while we can.
As Others See It
Crop Control
(From The New York Herald-Tribune
DESPITE an all-time high domestic consump-
tion, the price of cotton is on the decline,
and Southern Congressmen are clamoring for a
renewal of Government loans to peg the price
at 12 cents. The President is against the loans
at this time, maintaining that it would be folly
for the government to make advances to keep
the surplus off the market when it has no ma-
chinery for keeping down the surplus in future
years by crop-control measures.
Meanwhile, he indicates that crop-control
legislation will be taken up by Congress next
January, and that enactment of such laws would
be followed by steps toward price stabilization.
Beyond doubt, there is a degree of logic in the ad-
ministration's stand. If there are to be crop
loans, there must be crop control, or the farmers
would produce ever-increasing surpluses, on
which the Government would make loans and
eventually take over.
Fundamentally, however, the present price sit-
uation on cotton shows the fallacy of both price-
pegging and crop control. The policy of limiting
production, begun in 1933, presupposed, at least
Apr the initiated, the gradual loss of the nation's
foreign cotton markets. This is eactly what has
been happening.
During the 11 months ended June 30, the Unit-
ed States' cotton exports totaled 5,316,000 bales.
This is 9 per cent under the total for the corre-
sponding period of 1933-34, and about the same
percentage under the average for the 20 years
preceding.
And this loss in exports was registered despite
a great increase in the world's cotton consump-
tion. The world's record consumption in any one
year up to 1929 was 27,730,000 bales, but during
the present growing season, the world will have
consumed approximately 30,500,000 bales.
To whom have we lost our cotton markets?
India, our nearest competitor, increased her ex-
ports 19 per cent, from 3,087,000 to 3,662,000
bales. Egypt raised her exports 12 per cent.
China has increased her annual crop by nearly
a million and a half bales, and Brazil's exports
are up 66 per cent. Russia, nearly doubling her
production in a single year has started shipping
to Great Britain. India has replaced the United
States as the principal source of supply for
Japan.
The slump in the price of cotton has come in
the face of an increase of about 1,750,000 bales in
consumption within the United States this year
over last. Obviously, then, the cotton farmer
cannot expect the domestic consumption alone
to sustain the price at an acceptable level, un-
less production is curtailed even more drastically
than was the case under the late Agricultural
Adjustment Administration.
The cotton problem, like a good many of our
other troubles, stems from the tariff. The farmer
buys in a closed economy, but must sell in the
world market. He is not to be blamed too much
for seeking a Government subsidy to match the
one he has been helping so long to pay industry.
Moreover, foreign nations must limit their pur-
chases of American farm products unless they
are allowed to sell in the American market.

The inescapable conclusion, however, is that
the Southern agricultural economy is geared to
produce partly for the export market. Artificial
controls which tend to destroy the foreign outlets
will, in the long run, make themselves felt in a
lower standard of living for large sectors of
the farm population, particularly the landless
elements, whose participation in the government
subsidies is either nominal or non-existent.
The Log Rollers Heaven
(From The St. Louis Post-Dispatch)
THOSE who have feared the tenaency of the
wage-hour bill to set up "internal tariffs"
have not paid enough attention, perhaps, to the
sugar bill, not held up by a fairly complicated
row among the rival infant industries to whom
it extends its beneficient ministrations. As an
experiment in internal protection the sugar bill
seems to have possibilities that are possibilities.
For some time now the Jones-Costigan act has
been protecting Louisiana cane from Colorado
beet, Hawaii from Puerto Rico, and vice versa,
quite aside from its functions in protecting the
whole lot from the foreign menace-meaning
Cuba. Here the rival lobbies have made their
mutual peace, and there is no argument as to
the now established growers' quotas.
But the refiners-the ancient enemies of,
growers of all sorts, not to mention the con-
sumer-have looked upon this arrangement and
found an idea in it. If Colorado beet can be
protected against the pauper labor producing
Louisiana cane, why can't a refinery in New York

On The Level
By WRAG
ASSUMING beforehand that musicians are
rotten actors, and that such a musical as
Gilbert and Sullivan's "H. M. S. Pinafore" must
be overacted for the proper effect, we left the
Lydia Mendelssohn Wednesday night feeling
that the production was better than any of
the seventy-three high school attempts at the
same thing that we have seen.
Despite her overacting, we think that Mildred
Olson as "Josephine," is the loveliest bit of fem-
inine pulchritude that has ankled her way across
the stage at Lydia this summer. She reminded
us a great deal of Madge Evans, the cinemactress,
and her voice was the best of a fairly good lot.
Sherrod Towns was the best "Dick Deadeye" we
have seen. Although his enunciation was un-
intelligible several times, Freddie Shaffmaster
was in his glory as "the Captain." His voice
is good, but it gives us an uncomfortable feel-
ing in our throats each time he warbles. He
wil probably go farther than any of the others
in this sort of thing. As "Little Buttercup,"
Marguerite Creighton has a super voice, but the
make-up she had to steer it through was one of
the punkest jobs we've seen.
As Sir Joseph Porter," Vernon Kellett remind-
ed us of Hugh Herbert. At times his inter-
pretation was excellent and he pulled all he
could out of the part, but spasmodically he
seemed to lack the spark. John Elwell was good
in voice and spirit, but he looked like hell in
the Captain's uniform at the curtain.
One thing we have noticed i all the perform-
ances by The Players this summer is the fact
that the minor roles and mob scene players
always act their hearts out. Even those in the
back row of a crowd follow the action with the
facial expressions of a Walter Hampden.
WHILE GANDERING through the past files of
The Daily, we noticed a Michigan Theatre ad
of exactly ten years ago that interested us. At
the bottom of the ad in very small type, it read,
"Also-Bing Crosby in person on the stage."
* * * *
THE SECRET of how they take these "candid
camera" shots was bared. Wednesday after-
noon on the front climb to Angell Hall. The
major part of the staff on the new campus
magazine attempt, "Panorama" (which will come
out next semester) was gathered around young
Stan Duffendack as he was being photographed
for the first issue. The pictures being taken were
supposed to be "candids" of a freshman who was
gazinfi in awe at various campus sights for the
first time. Duffendack, the freshman poser,
grew up in Ann Arbor, so they had to spend a
half an hour getting the right facial expressions
in the "candid" snaps.
* * *. *
WEDNESDAY NIGHT, a "typo" was caught at
the last minute that saved The Daily from
embarrassment. However, we rather lament the
fact that the night editors changed it. The
"typo" was in the headline that told of how
Congress blocked President Roosevelt's wage-
and-hour legislation. Before the correction, the
head read:
SOUTH IS OPPOSED
TO NEW LEWISLATION
THDE FORUM
Letters published in this column should not be
construed as expressing the editorial opinion of 'Ihe
Daily. Anonymous contributions will be disregarded.
The names of communicants will, however, be regarded
as confidential upon request. Contributors are asked
to be brief, the editors reserving the right to condense
all letters of more than 300 words and to accept or
reject letters upon the criteria of general editorial
importance and interest to the camwus.
A Wise Correction
To the Editor:
The Daily has wisely corrected the unfeeling
injustice inflicted by it upon the bereaved family
of Stevens T. Mason. Since the letter referred to,

however contained an equally unjust, misin-
formed, and malicious attack upon a religious
group held in high respect by a large number
of mature Summer School students, should not
that be regretted as well-likewise the policy of
The Daily in publishing such attacks without
making any investigation as to the facts,
-R. LeMay Lehman.
the spirit of the Cuban trade agreement, but
since the Cubans are foreigners no one seems
to care much about that. Secretary Ickes, how-
ever, has protested it more powerfully as dis-
crimination against American territories to whom
we are morally bound, getting thereby a "com-
promise" of somewhat dubious reality. As to the
particular merits of the case in regard to the
territories there seems to be something to be
said on both sides. But what should chiefly
interest the public is the fact that if the prii-
ciples of the bill are adequate to protect a local
sugar refinery from the development of a com-
petitive industry in Hawaii, they can equally
protect a Massachusetts cotton mill from com-
petitive development in the South. There are
opportunities here for plain and fancy lobbying
on a scale to make the old tariff debates look
f like small potatoes. Indeed, one advocate of the
bill in the House, painting a moving picture of
the new-found harmony between the refineries
and the growers, gave us an arresting glimpse
into the future:
"Therefore, I hope we will get out of this
situation a marriage forever and eternally

DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN
Publication in the Bulletin is constructive notice to all members of the
University. Copy received at the office of the Summer Session, Room 1213
A. H. until 3:30; 11:00 a.m. on Saturday.

To All Students Having Libraryf
Books:
1. Students having in their pos-
-ession books drawn from the Univer-!
sity Library are notified that such
books are due Monday, Aug. 16, before
the impending examinations.
2. Students who have special need
for certain books after Aug. 16 may!
rctain such books if renewed at the,
charging desk.
3. The names of all students who
have not cleared their records at the,
library by Thursday, Aug. 19, will be
tent to the Cashier's office, where
their summer's credits will be with-
held until such time as these records
are cleared, in compliance with the
iegulation of the Regents.
Wrd. W. Bishop, Librarian.
Linguistic Institute Lecture: The
concluding lecture of the summer
program will be presented by Prof.
Edward Sapir of Yale University,
Esperanto Is
DiscussedBy
Linuistic Men
Spend Two Hours Talking
Over Problems Raised
By AuxiliaryTongue
(Continued from Pate I)
leaves Brown University to accept a
fellowship at Yale. McQuown, for
some years a student of Esperanto,
declared that this artificial language
has been in existence 50 years, has
brought about 35 international con-
gresses with a customary attendance
of 1;500 from all over the world, and
is being promoted by 75 associations
with membership ranging from 100
to 40,000.
M~cQuown discussed in detail the
phonetic and morphological structure
of Esperanto, and pointed out that
in its extensive vocabulary more than
4,500 roots appear. It has the ad-
vantage, he claimed, that its fixed
structure prevents erratic change, and
further that the determined meaning
of affixes allows necessary reanalysis
of the language for purposes of ex-
pansion and translation.
At this point Prof. N. L. Willey ofI
the department of German raised
his voice in opposition to the pro-
ponents of an artificial language.
"The proposal for such a language,"
he asserted, "rests upon a funda-
mental misconception that the pho-
neme is the basis of speech. It is not.
The unit of meaning in speech is the

who will speak at 7:30 p.m. Friday
in Room 25, Angell Hall. The topic,
will be "The European Laryngeals."
Public Evenings at Angell Hall Ob-
servatory: The 10-inch refractor,
and the 15-inch reflector, located on
the fifth floor of Angell Hall, will
be available for Summer Students
from 8 to 10 p.m. Friday and Sat-
urday nights of this week.
The Intramural Swimming Pool
will be open to men and women stu-
dents on Saturday, Aug. 14, from 7:45
to 8:45 p.m.
Graduate Students taking degrees:
If you wish to attend the breakfast
on Sunday morning it will be neces-
sary for you to secure your ticket be-
fore 5 p.m. today. L. A. Hopkins.
Graduate Outing Club: Will go to
the Waterloo Project near Chelsea,
Sunday, Aug. 15. Picnic, swimming,
and games. All graduate students
are invited. Meet in front of Lane
Hall at 2 p.m. Those having cars
are urged to bring them. Transporta-
tion will be provided for those who
have none.
Deutscher Verein: There will be a
banquet in the Grand Rapids Room
of the Michigan League, at 7 p.m.,
Monday, Aug. 16. Please make reser-
vations either at the German Table
or in the office of the German De-
partment, 204 U.H. (Extension 788).
First Mortgage L o a n s: The
University has a limited amount of
funds to loan on modern well-located
Ann Arbor property. Interest at
current rates. Apply Investment Of-
fice, Room 100, South Wing, Univer-
sity Hall.
phrase, a combination of phonemes.
"It may be possible," Dr. Willey
went on, "to create some kind of im-
maculate lingo and keep it wrappec
in cellophane. But the moment peo-
ple start to make use of it, it be-
comes subject to all the phenomena
of language which produce the idio-
matic phrases of ordinary languages
The point is not that such a languagt
can't be created, but that once ir
use it will become like other lan-
guages and hence would not be su-
perior to them."
A not unfavorable opinion was vol-
unteered by Professor Edward Sapii
of Yale University, who commente
upon "the infinitely pathetic spec-
tacle of a world unified in research in
biology, medicine, physics, and math-
ematics, but with separate part,
struggling to understand one anothei
through the handicap of different
languages."'

Early Settlement
Of Silk Strike Seery
NEW YORK, Aug. 12.-(/P)-Early
settlement of the general strike in
the eastern silk industry was indicat-
ed tonight in statements from a con-
ference of union and manufacturers'
representatives.
Chairman Sidney Hillman of the
CIO Textile Workers Organizing
Committee said an "important an-
nouncement" would be made tonight
from the conference.
David Cole, Paterson. N. J., lawyer
and chairman of the meeting, prev-
icusly predicted settlement within 24
hours if the newly former Silk and
Rayon Manufacturers Association au-
thorized its executive committee to
make contracts.
After the association's organiza-
tion had been completed at the meet-
ing, about 50 manufacturers' repre-
sentatives withdrew for a private
conference.

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Fascism In
Ameryica? .00

11

Classified Column

FASCISM has spread into all parts
of Europe. Is it taking root here
in America? There is fertile ground for its de-
velopment everywhere in the demand of human
nature for scapegoats such as "radicals," negroes,
Catholics, "foreigners," and Jews to take the
blame for the loss of a war, the lack of jobs,
strikes, or whatever ill afflict the people.
Hitler has been very successful in spreading
his particular brand of fascism throughout the
middle European countries with large German
populations, as well as in Switzerland, Belgium,
Sweden and Denmark. Italy is completely under
a fascist "cabinet" dictatorship and there is no
machinery for the airing of grievances by minor-
ities. Spain is engaged in a devastating civil war
because she resisted an attempt to establish a
fascist regime. When the fascist group in Amer-
ica demands supreme power, will we do as Spain

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