THE MICHIGAN DAILY SUNDAY, Japs Despondent Over Onslaught Of Rayon Mills Ere Sc i e n c e Displaced Silkworm, Nippon Was Prosperous Nation Silk Price Is Lower Orders More Soldiers To Austrian Border Stratospherists Save Lives As Gondola Falls Ascend To Approximately 65,000 Feet Before Rip AppearsInEnvelope Director Of Biological Station' Issues Invitation To Visitors (Continued from Page 1) The largest number of students al- ways comes from Michigan, this year 21, but 21 other states are repre- sented. After Michigan, Ohio, Illinois, and Pennsylvania send the most stu- dents. Far-away Arizona, Utah, West Virginia, South Carolina, and New H Tmnhir d td n cd nt h Brighter Side Is Japan Decides Rayon, Tit For Seen As To Make Tat TOKIO, July 27. - UP) - Rayon, product of man's ingenuity, has pushed the silkworm from the mono- poly nature gave him and Japan's economic and social structure is suf- fering the consequences. The severity of that problem can be .measured best interms of Japan's de- pendence on silk. More than 40 per cent of Japan's rural population and a fifth of its en- tire population have depended on silk for a substantial portion of their live- lihood for a generation. That portion meant the difference between frugal comfort and semi-starvation. Japanese farmers have nearly 12 million acres planted in mulberry trees, the leaves of which are used to feed silkworms. Fields formerly de- voted to grain were turned to these trees. Besides the 2,500,000 families rais- ing silkworms there are more than 66,0000 filiatures, where nearly 500,- 000 persons are employed in reeling cocoons into raw silk fiber. Now rayon has entered the picture and made it a black one for Japan's great silk industry. America's Part America has played an important part in, bringing about the present predicament. America's periods of prosperity during the World War and the 1920's, in which silk stockings for women passed from the luxury to the necessities class, created an unprece- dented demand, bringing wealth to thousands of farming villages in Ja- pan. America bought 90 to 95 per cent of Japan's silk exports in those days, and raw silk represented from 30 to 40 per cent of the empire's foreign trade. The export of raw silk to the United States was not only the most imnportant factor in the lives of mil- lions of countryfolk of Japan, but the most important element in the eco- nomic structure of the empire. America fell into depression, pur- chasing power fell, and Japan's silk market went to pieces. Return of pros- perity to the Japanese silk industry might hve been expected, had it not been for rayon. Rayon's development is producing worldwide results, but the social and economic changes involvedn are pe- culiarly Japan's. ther countries - China, Italy and France - have raised silkworms for centuries, but in late years Japan has produced 80 per cent of the raw silk to feed the looms of the world's great weaving centers. In no other land has raw silk come to occupy such a vital place in the na- tional economy as in Japan. It ranks second to rice among her agricultural products. Expect No Revival This year the silk depression reached its most acute stage. Last year farmers complained the cocoon crop was unprofitable when they sold cocoons at an average of 6.25 yen a kwan (81-4 pounds). This summer the price is "$2.50 yen a. kwan. Depressions have weakened the silk industry before, but this time there is no confidence that silk will regain its prosperous position. There is a widespread feeling among Japanese officials, exporters, and the poor farmers themselves that the golden age of "Silk is over... Hence from all the midland upland prefectures where the silkworm has flourished demands are coming forre- lief, for~ a special session of the diet to vote funds. Various forms of sub- sidy or dole are demanded. Officialsand economists, regarding relief as a mere palliative, contend silk's decline means new employment must be fourd for thousands of Jap- anese; they see the need for a social and economic readjustment. See Brighter Side There are menacing social impli- cations..Rural distress has beenmthe sore spot in Japan for more than a generation; making those areas the germinating ground for revolution. Industrial Japan is enjoying a boom, but the rural population, nearly half of the whole, ,s falling further into debt and distress. As one writer said, "If silk is doomed Japan is determined at least to have her share of the carcass." (Continued from Page 1) tiapsnieseaUnesiua1iUecn. cent from Moonlight Bowl, near Rapid The investigation of biological City, S.D. problems has from the first received At 1:18 p.m. Maj. William E. Kep- much attention. More than 330 sci- ner, one of the airmen, again estab- entific reports on the plants and ani- lished radio communication and gave mals of the region about the Biolo- his position as 20 miles south of Ains- gical Station have been published and worth, Neb. He said that the tempera- these have been distributed to the ture was 58 degrees below zero, Centi- biologists in this country and abroad. grade. tAFaculty Of 13 While the big balloon was virtually The Biological Station has a fac- stalled at the 14,000-foot level, the y pilots reported, "we're having a hard ulty of 13 men whose periods of serv- pull." ice range from 4 to 20 years. From "Everything hasn't gone perfectly, the University of Michigan come: you know, Kepner said. George R. La Rue, professor of zool- "We're climbing very slowly," Capt. ogy and director of the Biological Albert W. Stevens advised. '"We don't'Station; Alfred H. Stockard, assistant know yet what the trouble is. We should betraelg to beat the Devil professor of zoology, secretary; Paul s aed bastrong sun out, but we're just . Welch, professor of zoology; John barely climbing." H. Ehlers and Carl D. La Rue, assci- The world's largest balloon was de- ate professors of botany; Frank N. scribed as "very sluggish indeed." Blanchard, associate professor of zo- Sology, and Frank E. Egleton, assistant Stevens is scientific observer an the poesro olg.Cmn rm professor of zoology.Coigfm voyage. With him were Maj. Kepner, other 'institutions are: Frank C. pilot, and Capt. O. A. Anderson, co- I c ,nrfzrofhinvnKn q i 9 professor of zoology in Wayne Uni- versity; and Lyell J. Thomas, assis- tant professor of zoology in the Uni- versity of Illinois. Mrs. Jewel B. Stockard, of Ann Arbor, is Dean of Women, and William M. Brace, M.D., Physician to the Health Service at the University of Michigan, is the physician to the Station. The University Tract of about 4,000 acres lies between Douglas and Burt Lakes with frontage on both lakes. Entirely cut over many years ago, this tract is now being replanted under the direction of Professor W. F. Ramsdell of the School of Forestry and Conservation. Since May 1, 1931, when this work began, more than 650,000 trees, mostly white and Nor- way pines, have been set out, using labor secured within the neighbor- hood. Members of the Forestry School are carrying out basic scientific stud- ies which are expected to result in the improvement of the forest in this tract. Fire Lanes Constructed Many miles of firelanes have been constructed and maintaned to give protection to the developing forest and the buildings. The funds for the. planting and for firelane construction have come very largely from the Pack family, formerly of Saginaw, while the young trees were presented by the State Nursery near Roscommon. Since the Biological Station is lo- cated far from any village, it must. provide for all the needs of its popu- lation of more than 160 people. Its 130 buildings are arranged as a vil- lage on a main street paralleling the lake shore and on cross streets. Eleven buildings are used for laboratories and 92 for living quarters. The re- mainder include the administration building containing offices, stockroom, store, and photographic rooms on one floor and the dining room and kitchen on the other; clubhouse; library; aquarium; garages; and harbor build- ing. The Station has water and sanitary systems, and gets its electric- ity for light and power from the power line crossing the tract. On its Annual Visitors' Day, the Station opens its doors to its friends and to those who wish to learn more concerning it nature and work. There will be numerous exhibits, all free, plenty of parking space for cars, help in parking, and guide service. The hours for Visitors' Day are 2 to 5 p.m., E.S.T., the date, Sunday, August' 5. A cordial invitation is ex- tended to all. Over Forty Will Attend Library Science Dinner Reservations for the library science supper to be held at 5:45 tonight in the garden of the League already ex- ceed 40. Additional tickets may be purchased until this noon at the League desk.- ArchibaldkDunningham, Dunedin, New Zealand, is to speak on New Zealand libraries..rGeneral arrange- ments are in charge of Ethel Sauer and Hazel Armstrong, students in the library science department. This is the third in the series of suppers given for different depart- ments of the university. CL ASSIFIED ADVERTISINC Phone 2-1214. Place advertisements with Classified Advertising Department. The classified columns close at five o'clock previous.to day of insertion. Box Numbers maybe secured at no extra charge. Cash in Advance-Ile per reading line ton basis of five average words to line) for one or two insertions. 10cx per reading line for three or Minimum three lines per insertion. days from the date of last insertion. Minimum three lines per insertoit. By Contract, per line-2 lines daily, one month.... ...... ....F 4 lines E.O.D.. 2 months .8c 2 lines daily, college year ...7c 4 lines E.O.D., college year . ..7c 100 lines used as desired ....9c , 300 lines used as desired . ...c 1,000 lines used as desired . . ..7'c 2.000 lines used as desired n. ..6c The above rates are per reading line, based on eight reading lines per inch of,7 point Ionic type, upper and lower case. Add 6c per line to above rates for all capital letters. Add 6c per line to above for bold face, upper and lower case. Add 10c per line to above rates for bold face capital ietters. Telephone Rate-15c .per reading line for one or two insertions. 10% discount If paid within ten more insertions. LAUNDRY LAUNDRY 2-1044. Sox darned. Careful work at' low price. 1K WANTED WANTED: MEN'S OLD AND NEW suits. Will pay 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 dol- lars. Phone Ann Arbor 4306. Chi- cago Buyers. Temporary office, 200 North Main. 2x NOTICE NOTICE: Shampoo and fingerwave 35c, Monday and Tuesday. Balance of week 50c. Expert work done. Phone 2-2813, College Beauty Shop. 52 LOST AND FOUND 'LOST: Schaeffer fountain pen with red streaks, also a matching pencil. Reward for return of either. Call 5010. R. A. 51 -associated Press Photo Premier Benito Mussolini of Italy, shown here in a recent proto- graphic study, yesterday was represented as determined to lend a prompt hand in the Austrian situation if necessary. There are now more than 50,000 Italian troops concentrated near the Austrian border. Penn.State Physicist Is Now Eavesdropping On Molecules By HOWARD W. BLAKESLEE (Associated Press Science Writer) STATE COLLEGE, Penn., July 28. - OP)-A supersound mechanical ear which can listen to the motions of atoms and molecules has been set up by H. L. Yeagley, assistant profes- sor of physics at the Pennsylvania State college. The human ear hears no sound above 15,000 to 20,000 vibrations a second. The super ear deals with sounds ranging from 300,000 to 2,- 000,000 vibrations. It reveals that at those, extremely short wave lengths, supersounds directly affect atoms and molecules. It shows that these high frequency sounds are partly absorbed as they pass through a gas, and that the sound energy is absorbed in the spin- ning and pulsating motions of mole- cules. The spinning molecules get warmer as the sound passes and this extra heat is energy they extract from the sound. Chorus Of Atoms The experiments are rather con- clusive evidence that if human ears could hear the supersounds which are easily detected in the laboratory, they would be listening directly to a chorus of atoms and molecules. The noise would come from the constant motion of molecules, and that might be the noisiest noise in the world, for all molecules possess mo- tions. Even in metals and solids the molecules.have motion. The experiments indicate that the old expression about the pitcher "throwing a hot ball" has- some lit- eral truth. The speed represents an increase in the kinetic energy of the baseball and the kinetic energy may be translated directly into heat. The spin of the baseball represents energy of the same type as that absorbed by the rotating molecules. - Hearing The Ball If fans had supersound ears they could hear a pitched ball creak as it curved, for experiments at Harvard have shown supersounds given off by all sorts of ordinary motion. Prof. Yeagley's device is one of the simplest yet made for studying su- persounds. The "ear" is an airtight gas chamber with two quartz plates inside. A third quartz plate outside controls the frequency of the super- sounds, which are produced electric- ally by one of the plates inside the "ear." They pass as sound waves from this plate to its mate inside the ear. To reach the- listening plate they traverse two inches of gas. The re- ceiving plate takes the sounds and translates them back into electrical energy. And it shows that some of the original sound energy is lost in passing through the gas. The de- vice measures this loss so accurately that the rate of spin of the molecule baseballs can be calculated. pilot. They had entered the gondola of their craft early in the day and rose from the ground at 7:45 a.m., Eastern Standard Time, to the cheers of a huge crowd. They were in frequent communica- tion with short wave contacts in Rapid City, Chicago, and Washington. They announced that they had reached an altitude of 16,000 feet shortly before 8 o'clock but thereafter the balloon seemed to sink slowly as preparations were made to seal the gondola for the next lap of the trip which they expected to carry them to the 77,000-foot stage. In his first contact with National Geographic and Army headquarters, Capt. Stevens asked to have a weather map "sent up." "How are things going," radio-men asked him. "All right," Stevens replied. "We had an awful time letting down that spectrograph. It took two of us to do it. We just got it down. We are starting to put the ship in order. An- derson has been ballasting all the time." The pilot reported that all of the equipment had been working well with the exception of a camera, and that he believed that had been fixed. I GaJes, processor oum any in nJUmY i State College; George E. Nichols, professor of botany and head of the botany department at Yale Univer- sity; Herbert B. Hungerford, profes- sor of entomology and head of the department of entomology at the University of Kansas; William W. Cort, professor of helminthology and head of the department of helmin- thology at the School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Uni- versity; Charles W. Creaser, associate Women Will Qualify For All-City Meet Tomorrow Thirty-three local women golfers will qualify tomorrow at Huron Hills in the fourteenth annual city tour- nament. The 16 low qualifiers will be paired in the championship flight. Miss Jean Kyer, runner-up in the women's state tourney and defend- ing champion is not required to qual- ify, but will defend her title in the niatch play which will begin Wed- nesday. Mrs. James Cissel, runner-up to{ Miss Kyer in 1933, is no longer a resi- dent of Ann Arbor and will not com- , pete., SPECIAL OFFER! We Have Decided To Include I I 350 Pairs of Men', s and Women' 1 IS -sunday dinner here is a special occasion . . . S i. .- roast stuffed turkey sizzling sirloin steak fried spring chicken In the Final Two W'ee o OUR ALTERATION SALE 65,c I complete dinners - served from 12 to9 Do Not Miss This Chance To Save $1.50 to $3.00 a Pair On Footwear You Will Soon Need! the hut fingerle operated the hut $8.75 to $10.00 FLORSHEIMS will go at $7.85 $7.00 to $850 FALL SHOES will go at $5.90 $6.00 to $7.00 FALL SHOES will go at $4.90 All $5.00, Some $6.00 FALL SHOES will go at $3.90. I BOOKS-for Reference A Large Table of Books on various subjects of interest FINAL AND LOWER PRICES ON SUMMER SHOES LAST CALL ! STOCK UP ON SHOES NOW to all departments. Don't miss these bargains! f I I II