The Weather increaing cloudiness, loc~al thundershowers by tomorrow night. L Official Publication Of The Summer Session 'Editorials Limits of Justifiable Indoctrination ... VOL XVI. No. 21 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, JULY 17, 1935 PRICE: FIVE CENTS i i i i French Political Crisis Discussed By Dr. Siegfried Educational Says 'Balance Of Parties' Caused Unworkability Of Present Government Explains Changes Of Leftist Regime Political Science Expert Gives Special Lecture Before Large Crowd By THOMAS H. KLEENE The attainment of "a balance of parties" in France was blamed for the "unworkability" of the French system of government yesterday by Dr. Andre Siegfried, internationally- known authority on politics. Speaking be-ore one of the largest audiences ever to assemble in Natural Science Auditorium, Dr. Siegfried presented his "key" to the "very com- plicated situation" now existing in the political life of France. The sub- ject of the lecture was "French Pol- itics and French Parties." The former member of the Cham- ber of Deputies described the present government as. resembling "a boat which is rolling." "The French gov- ernment," he said, "is continually shifting from one position to the other." . Neither the adherents of the "left" nor the reactionaries of the "right" are satisfied when the center of gravity is on the other side. New Development Made During the last 15 years, according to Dr. Siegfried, there has been one nlew development which has changed political life considerably. "The in- terests of the right have suffered from the policies of the left," he said. The aristocrats and royalists of the right charge that, under the present adineistat'or of the left, which represents the spirit of the revolution in 1789, the taxes have been high, the budget has not been balanced, and the members of their party have not been well treated, he said. "The real strength of the French- man," Dr. Siegfried stated, "is not as a citizen or a party man, but in his political individuality and his devo- tion to his family first and his country second." This same "political individuality" is the "gift of the devil," however, be- cause there can be no party discipline whatever when every member claims a right to his own opinion. "The Frenchman is a patriot devoted to his country, but he is a bad man to or- ganize a program," the speaker said. Cites Further Danger Continuing his discussion of the "unworkability" of the government, Dr. Siegfried cited the fact that "every political question is turned to a principle" as a further danger. "Thd primary interest of the people is not politics," he said, "but the principles and formulae. involved therein." If there is a strike or a riot, every rioter or striker will know what it is all about and the issues to be considered, Dr. Siegfried explained. In distinguishing between the left and right politically, the speaker de- scribed the former as standing for "the rights of the individual and the sovereignty of suffrage." It is op- posed by those who are not in sympa- thy with the spirit of the revolution. "The danger of a reaction to the revolution has always been felt and has always been feared by the 'Men of 1789,' "he said. Country of Culture Dr. Siegfried stated that French politics may be very complicated, but they can be understood. France, he said, "is a country of culture which does not always mean good govern- ment." " Explaining the complexity of the government, the speaker said, France is not like any other country. "It is a western country in Europe," Dr. Siegfried declared. From the point of view of culture and civilization, it can be classified with western coun- tries like the United States and Great Britain with their common love for liberty. Two other features of this "atmos- phere of France" cited by the speaker are that it is a continental countr3 turning away from extra-European expansion and also a Mediterranear country having a close tie with the BULLETIN POINTE AUX BARQUES, July 17.- (AP) - Robert Paton, three-year-old son of Prof. Wil- liam Paton of the University of Michigan, was fatally injured here today when he was struck by an automobile being operated in re- verse gear by Miss Helen Holmes. Italian Troops, Planes Poured IntoEthiopia Officials Believe Italy Will Reject League Of Nations Proposal ROME, July 17. --{P) - Italy poured troops and planes into Af- rica and Ethiopia drilled her tribal warriors today in preparation for ex- pected hostilities as efforts to avert war - repeatedly called futile here - continued. A spokesman for the Government said Italy had received no notice of the League of Nations announcement that the council would meet in special session about July 25 to consider the Italo-Ethiopian crisis. Italy will not consider her reply to an invitation until it arrives, he said. Well-informed circles believe that Italy will oppose any further ef- forts to handle the situation through the League. Press and officials alike have said repeatedly the League can do nothing." Dispatches from Addis Ababa .re- porting increased Ethiopian military preparations followed yesterday's publication of dispatches from Cairo describing in great detail the African empire's asserted feverish efforts to get ready for war. Offsetting Ethiopia's reported prep- arations was Italy's announced pro- gram of large scale aerial warfare against Emperor Haile Selassie's country. Three hundred planes will aid the tens of thousands of foot soldiers al- ready designated for East African ser- vice, the national aviation services disclosed with Gen. Geuseppe Valle, under-secretary for air, probably commanding them. A government spokesman, however, said Italy, though keenly aware of Ethiopia's military preparation, had not considered immediate severance of diplomatic relations with the Af- rican nation. That will come up if and when hostilities start, he said. Reports from London quoting Mal- colm MacDonald, colonial secretary, as saying British military forces in Kenya, adjoining Ethiopia and Ital- ian Somaliland, had been "partially redistributed" in view of "possible contingencies on that frontier" were characterized as without significance. Major League Standings Diagnosis Is On New Path Warren Good Sees Many Changes Following In Wake Of Modernism Utopian School Of DeweyAnticipated Pupil's Interests And Not School Subjects To Be Concern, He Says The path of educational diagnosis, changing as new and modern schools1 bring changes in educational meth-1 ods, is slowly swinging from an an-1 alysis of school subjects to an an-1 alysis of the pupil's interests, War- ren R. Good, instructor in educational1 psychology, said at the afternoon con- ference of the School of Education1 yesterday. The "Utopian School" - in which there are no classes, no grades, no courses, no marks, no curriculums - visualized by John Dewey, will sweept away old methods and interests of educational diagnosis as surely as it will sweep away other old-fashioned scholastic dictums, he stated. To Survey Activities "The trend of modern education appears clearly to be toward Dewey's Utopian schools," he declared, "even if the pace seems to be appreciably slower than that of the proverbial snail." When the Utopian goal is realized the educational diagnostician "will1 no doubt be very much less concerned with what we now consider the school subjects and will, contrasting- ly, be very much more concerned with interests," the speaker said. He will probably stimulate surveys of various activities to determine their drawing power, as activities that in--. terest young peodle, and will attempt to discover the causes of lack of in- terest in the valued activities that have little drawing power, Mr. Wood declared. "It mayrconfidently be expected, furthermore, that the diagnostician of the future will look for the trouble, not in the pupil, as we do mostly at present, but in the activity," he said. Tests Gain Impetus Use of tests and other records of the school to ascertain the causes of pupils' failures or learning difficul- ties, Mr. Wood stated, has gained im- petus in the last few years, but thus far the procedures used have been concerned chiefly with analytic uses. Studies of teachers atitudes in re- cent years toward the import of "of- fenses" of pupils in school disclosed that writing obscene notes, destroy- ing school materials, lying, heterosex- ual activity, and truancy were con- sidered most serious, the speaker re- ported. Radical disagreement by 30 clini- cians, including psychologists, psy- chiatrists, and other specialists in be- havior problems, was reported how- ever, in a survey made a few years ago, Mr. Good declared. The clinicians rated as compara- tively unimportant the "offenses" which the teachers held to be most grave, and instead, felt that most serious problems were presented by shyness, bullying, cruelty, unsociable- ness, and similar traits. The outlook for educational diag- nosis, stated Mr. Good, will be in- creasingly modified in the direction forseen by the clinicians, and more broadly so as schools evolve towards the Utopian type. Conference Of Church Heads To Meet Here Speakers For Religious Convention Announced By Blakeman Rev. Norwood To Lecture Monday Two Faculty Members To Give Talks At Meetings July 22-23 Only in the study by laymen of the great needs of religion and the teachers of the human soul will re- ligion ever perform its proper func- tion in society, said Dr. E. W. Blake- man, counselor in Religious Educa- tion, in announcing a conference for religious leaders and laymen to be held July 22 and 23 at the University. The Rev. Frederick W. Norwood, who has been a minister in the City Temple, London, since the war, will come to Ann Arbor to lecture at the conference. He has selected "Reli- gion in World Citizenship" as his topic. Finishing Circuit Dr. Norwood is just finishingt a world circuit, lecturing upon the needs of constructive thinking on re- ligious behavior to establish a world order. Part of his firm belief is that religion must function if we are to maintain peace and continue in pro- per progress. He has recently returned from lec- tures in India, South Africa, China and Japan. This summer he has been preaching for Harry Emerson Fos- dick at the Riverside Church, New York. Prof. George P. Adams, editor of the ten-volume series at the Univer- sity of California upon philosophy will speak upon problems in the phi- losophy of religion. He will give two lectures in the conference next week at 2 p.m. Monday and Tuesday in the Michigan League. The Rev.: W. P. Lemon, pastor of the First Presbyterian church, Ann Arbor, and an associate editor of the Christian Century will lecture upon "Religion in World Literature," ap- pearing at 11 p.m. Monday, and at 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. Tuesday. Courtis To Speak Prof. Stuart A. Courtis, head of the research for the Detroit Public Schools and lecturer in the School of Education, will lead a discussion on "A Research Approach to Reli- gion" from 4 to 6 p.m. Monday. In the same conference at 11 a.m. Tuesday, Prof. Henry A. Sanders, an authority in Classical Archaeology and biblical exegesis will exhibit sev- eral original biblical manuscripts from which his translations and studies have been drawn and will lec- ture upon the values of the docu- ments. Dr. Sanders is known in the relig- ious world as a collector and publisher of the Field collection of manuscripts. He did work upon the Berlin papyrus with Dr. Carl Schmidt in 1927. He also published a Roman mythology and history in 1910 and later a fac- simile of the Washington manuscript of Deuteronomy. 41 ATTEND TOUR Forty-one students participated yesterday in the sixth Summer Ses- sion excursion, which repeated a for- mer trip to the River Rouge plant of the Ford Motor Co., according to Prof. Louis J. Rouse of the mathe- matics department, who is in charge of the tours. 54 Democrats Indicted In Election Fraud Quiz; Blanket Warrant Issued River Pilots 'Pretty Soft,' Says Old Captain -Associated Press Photo. As Capt. Joe "Tansey" Hawthorne, who at 95 is the oldest Missis- sippi river pilot, sits on the lawn of his home at Le Claire, Ia., where he can keep an "eye" on river traffic, he says life for present day captains has become pretty "soft." The veteran watches with gratification work on the nine-foot channel progress and notes the upturn of traffic. His chair, once owned by his second cousin, Nathaniel Hawthorne, the author, it 257 years old. E yptian Magic Is Subject Of Worrell's Tall Oriental Language Expert Will Lecture At 5 P. M.3 Today On Summer Series Prof. William Worrell of the Orien- tal Languages department will speak on the regular Summer Session lec- ture series at 5 p.m. today in Natural Science Auditorium. His subject will be "Magic in Christian Egwt." Professor Worrell's slides will be taken from the University collection of papyri, and also from the pic- tures he has taken himself in Egypt. He graduated from the University in 1903, and then spent several years studying in Germany, receiving his doctor's degree at the University of Strassburg in 1909. Before coming to the University in 1925 as associate professor of Sem- itics, Professor Worrell taught at the Kennedy School of Missions and the Hartford Semitics Foundation. In 1919 he directed the American School of Oriental Research, and he spent three years as the Gustav Gott- heil lecturer on Semitic languages at Columbia University. He is the editor of "The Coptic Manuscripts in the Freer Collection," and "The Proverbs of Solomon in Sahidic Coptic," and co-editor with Richard Gottheil of "The Documents from the Cairo Genizah in the Freer Collection." Prof. Canfield Will Give Tall At Club Meet Professor-emeritus Arthur G. Can- field will lecture on Honore de Bal- zac, famous 19th century novelist, at the Summer Session French club meeting to be held at 8 p.m. tonight in the second floor terrace room o: the Union. Professor Canfield, who was head of the romance languages depart ment of the University for many Names Of 54 Men Ordered Arrestedt In Election FraudF The 54 persons named in Judget Cotter's blanket warrant: y k Elmer B. O'Hara, county clerk,I member of the county election board, chairman of the Democratic State Central Committee.t Anthony J. Wilkowski; State Sen-c ator, chairman of the rump legisla- ture's recount committee which the grand jury investigated. Joseph C. Roosevelt, state legis- lator, member of the legislative com- mittee. Franklyn K. Morgan, deputy county clerk assigned to election supervision. Herbert L. Sullivan, chief deputy county clerk.1 Patrick J. Gabriel, recount super- visor, 9923 Chapin St. James Garrett, recount supervisor, Wayne County photostat department. George James,'recount supervisor, 1588 Buena Vista Ave., and Seattle, Wash. H. F. Raworth, recount supervisor, 355 Piper Blvd. James Walker, recount supervisor, 'county clerk's office. William J. Wilson, recount super- visor, 57 Duffield Ave. John J. (Frenchy) Beauparlant, re- count worker who fled to Washington an obtained a job cleaning floors in the House of Representatives Office l uilding. T. Emmett McKenzie, publisher of a -Democratic political weekly. aThomas R. Craig, recount worker charged with perjury after the state Senate's investigation in January. John DeGutis, recount worker who has been held at the county jail on a murder charge, 2719 Neibel Ave. Charles Lark, recount worker who served a term in jail for contempt of court during the grand jury in- quiry, 705 Townsend Ave. Roland Phillips, former employee in the coroner's office, recount worker, 2237 Hudson Ave. The following recount workers: Charles L. Allen, 4650 Oregon Ave. Albert J. Boland, 2950 Baldwin Ave.- D Andrew Burke, 4832 Lincoln Ave. James G. Burleson, 196 S. Lenox f Ave. (Continued, on Page 3) y j Watermelon Cut' To Be Party Chairman O'Hara, Senator Wilkowski Are Included In List Warrants Charge Men On 5 Counts Detroit And Michigan State Police Searching City For Two-Score Indicted DETROIT, July 17. - (') - Fifty- our Wayne County Democrats, in- luding Elmer B. O'Hara, chairman >f the party's state central commit- ee, and state senator A. J. Wilko- wski, faced charges of conspiracy to "steal" the 1934 election for Sec. of State and Attorney-General of Mich- igan. Judge Thomas M. Cotter of Re- corder's Court, who conducted a one- man grand jury investigation of the election recount of votes last Decem- ber, signed a blanket indictment to- day naming the 54 politicians, Additional warrants charging per- jury before the grand jury named O'Hara, Wilkowski and four others of the group. O'Hara, who is Wayne County Clerk, already is under in- dictment in Macomb County in con- nection with the County Drain Com- missioner's office there. Wilkowski was chairman of the legislative recount committee and is secretary of the Wayne County Dem- ocratic committee. Police Search City Detroit and Michigan State police were searching the City Wednesday night for more than two score Demo- ratic politiciaand.apady .wikers. whose arrest on recount fraud charesr had been ordered by Judges Thormas M. Cotter, of Recorder's Court. The group of wanted men included the titular head of the Democratic party in Michigan, Chairman Elmer B. O'Hara, of the State Central Com- mittee; two of his chief assistants in the County Clerk's office, Chief Dep- uty Clerk Herbert L. Sullivan and Deputy Clerk Franklyn K. Morgan; State Senator Anthony J. Wilkowski, who headed the Legislative commit- tee which conducted the abortive "re- count" of Wayne County votes last December, and State Representative Joseph C. Roosevelt, a member of the committee) , Dozen Surrender More than a dozen of the 54 men named by Judge Cotter in his blanket warrant charging election frauds had been found or had surrendered to the Court Wednesday night. They were placed under bonds of varying amounts, ranging from $5,000, two sureties, down to personal promises to appear on examination day, July 25. Judge Cotter's blanket warrant, drawn up as a result of his five- month grand jury investigation of the Wilkowski committee recount, charged each of the 54 men with five counts - fraudulently altering bal- lots they had undertaken to recount. permitting others to alter ballots and conspiring to conduct an illegal and unlawful investigation and recount. In addition, six men, O'Hara, Wil- kowski, Morgan, Sullivan, James Walker and Bruno Nowicki were named in separate warrants charg- ing each with perjuring themselves on the Grand Jury witness stand. To Take More Testimony Judge Cotter announced that his investigation was not complete and that further testimony would be tak- en as soon as the 54 men were ar- rested and arrangements made to bring them to trial. Neither Judge Cotter nor Assistant Attorney Gener- al Chester P. O'Hara, nor George Brand, who is acting as Friend of the Court, would comment on the likelihood of further arrests being odered. Chester P. O'Hara will act as prose- cutor when the cases are brought to trial, Attorney General Harry S. Toy said. The Wayne County Prosecutor, Duncan C. McCrea, who acted as counsel for the O'Hara-Wilkowski group before he took office last Jan- uary, may be called as a witness, hQw- AMERICAN LEAGUE W L New York ...........49 28 Detroit ..............49 33 Chicago .............42 38 Cleveland... ......39 38 Boston.............43 38 Philadelphia........34 42 Washington ........34 46 St. Louis ............23 55 Yesterday's Results Boston 13-3, Cleveland 5-1. Detroit-Philadelphia, rain. Washington 8, St. Louis 4. Chicago, New York, not sched. Games Today Chicago at Washington. Cleveland at Philadelphia. St. Louis at New York. Detroit at Boston. NATIONAL LEAGUE W L New York ...........51 24 St. Louis ............48 29 Chicago ............46 33 Pittsburgh ...........42 38 Cincinnati ..........38 42 Brooklyn ............34 42 T ralnh ') 9 45 Pet. .636 .598 .560 .506 .531 .447 .425 .295 Pct. .680 .623 .582 .525 .475 .447 418 100 Ann Arbor Youths Enjoy Camping At Patterson Lake By J. SHELLEY MATTES More than 100 Ann Arbor boys, many of whom are having the most enjoyable vacation of their life in their first taste of outdoor living, are spending their summer at the Uni- versity of Michigan Camp for Boys. All that is requisite for a well-le anced, character-building existence is in the daily program of the camp. The camper starts the day with a dip in Patterson Lake, 25 miles north- west of Ann Arbor on the edge of the camp. His morning may be taken up by work or play, but one can be sure that he will not devote too much time to work. All the same, he does learn to work when he is told to and 'amn nirector George G. Alder The dilatory ones receive constant re- joinders to work from their more am- bitious mates, all of which adds to the fun. Perhaps the greatest social ad- vantage the boys derive from the Uni- versity Camp is their enhanced ability in mingling with boys they have never seen before. At first, the Camp officials say, the campers are slightly reticent, but soon the Ann Arbor boys are bosom pals with the Detroit boys, etc. And they must and do get along with everyone, giving in when it is their turn and taking a practcial joke on themselves as campers should The camp administration is han- dled by a committee composed of Ann Arbor men, among whom are many of the University faculty.