PAGE FOUR

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

FRIDAY, AUGUST 16,

PAGE P0113 FRIDAY, AUGUST 16,



Depleted Supply
Prolonging High
Price Of Meats
Workers Suffer Because
Meat Is Their Largest
Food Purchase
Production Drops
Bigger Supplies In Other
Food Lines Expected To
Help There
By ALEXANDER R. GEORGE
WASHINGTON, Aug. 15. - () -
The boycott of butcher shops by em-
battled housewives in Detroit has
put the high price of pork chops and
other meats back into the headlines.
Food experts say more money is
spent by workingmen's families for
meat than for any other food. So
when meat prices soar, that old ogre
of the consumer, High Cost of Liv-
ing, takes the stage.
While there has been a slight de-
crease recently in the retail' prices
of food in general, the cost-of-meat
outlook continues gloomy from the
consumer's viewpoint. Government
food specialists say that people who
have had to curtail their meat pur-
chases in the-past few months prob-
ably will have to continue to do so
for the rest of the year.
Supplies Heavily Depleted
It takes time, they point out, to re-
build supplies which were heavily de-
pleted,particularly by the small feed
crop for hogs and cattle in 1934
which resulted largely from the pro-
tracted drought. The experts esti-
nlte that the supply of meat for the
entire year of 1935 will be about one-
fourth smaller than that of 1934 and
about one-fifth below the average of
recent years.
The shortage of pork, including
lard, continues particularly acute
since production will be only about
two-thirds as large as a year ago.
Production of beef and veal is figured
at slightly more than three-fourths
while the lamb output is about equal
to the 1934 supply. Even the plebian
salt pork has practically doubled in
price in the last 18 months while the
succulent sirloin steak advanced 48
per cent in that period.
More Wheat Available
In a majority of other food lines,
however, the buyer's outlook is a bit
brighter. Supplies of food in general
- and supplies largely govern prices
- are expected to be slightly greater
than in 1934 and about equal to the
average amount consumed in the'
years 1929-1933.
The bureau of agricultural eco-
nomics estimates that wheat supplies
this year will be 6 per cent greater;
fresh fruits, 17 per cent; dried fruits,
12 per cent; fresh vegetables, 3 per
cent; dry beans, 13 per cent and
canned vegetables, 22 per cent larger
than last year.
While the biggest reduction in food
supplies has occurred in meats and
lard, there are 7 per cent less Irish
potatoes; 5 per cent less eggs; 2
per cer less milk; 3 per cent less rice;
1 per cent less canned fruits and 1
per cent less chicken meat than in
1934.
Pork Chops Advance
Food prices recently were 10.7 per
cent higher than in midsummer 1934,
but they are practically at the same
general level as four months ago.
During July, 35 of the 48 foods con-
tained in the department of labor's
general index decreased or remained
unchanged Pork chops, however,
advanced 5.1 per cent in price in a
period of two weeks

Fruits and vegetables have been
moving downward of late, cabbages
and onions have been declining and
potato prices have been about the
same for the country as a whole in
the last three months.
Meat prices are 30 per cent higher
than in midsummer a year ago; eggs
are up 27 per cent; dairy products,
3.4 per cent and sugar and sweets, 1.8
per cent. In the same period, fruits
and vegetables declined 1.7 per cent.
U. S. Is Spending
Its Second Billion
WASHINGTON, Aug. 15. -(P) -
The government has begun spending
its second billion dollars in the pres-
ent fiscal year which began July 1.
The treasury's daily statement as
of the close of business Aug. 13 showed
total expenditures for the year
amounted to $1,002,196,741.
Actual expenditures thus far have
been in excess of budget estimates
which forecast a daily average of
$23,300,000. Instead, actual expen-
ditures have been at the rate of $29,-
500,000 a day.
A deficit of $539,670,027 has been
established for the year, which com-
pares with $329,018,938 for the com-
parable date last year.
Receipts have amounted to $462,-
526,713 as against ordinary expendi-
tures of $513,375,473.

Admits 'Framed' Testimony Against Tom Mooney

Marxists Fight
Nazi America,
Says Browder'
Republicans, Democrats
Drift Toward Fascism,
Dimitrov Declares
MOSCOW, Aug. 15. - (AP")-Earl
Browder, general secretary of the
Communist party in the United
States, told the Communist Interna-
tionale today that the anti-Fascist
coalition planned by the American
Communist party is "to protect the
American toiling masses from be-
coming victims of terror and atroci-
ties such as have been visited on the
Germans.''
He said millions of Americans be-
gan to break away from the major
political parties after the last Con-
gressional elections, and declared:
"Since the illusions of the New
Deal have been dispelled, the time
has become ripe for a united front
movement."
Georgi Dimitrov, of Bulgaria, told
the Congress that both President
Roosevelt's New Deal and the policy
of the outstanding opposition lead-
ers in the United States are develop-
ments toward fascism.
Speakers at the Congress previous-'
ly had subjected Senator Huey P.
Long, thie Rev. Fr. Charles E. Cough-
lin and Dr. Francis E. Townsend to
criticism.
Dimitrov declared: "The reaction-
ary American financial circles which
are attacking Roosevelt are the or-
ganizers of theoFascist movement in
the United States and the New Deal
itself is a form of development to-
ward Fascism more marked even
than the Nationalist government in
England."
M. Ercole, Italian delegate, told the
meeting that the clashing interests
of England and the United States
in the Far East have brought on a
deep and dangerous division in the
capitalistic world.
There are more than twice as many
students of economics and sociology
at Wellesley College (Mass) at the
present time than in 1929.

In Salary Squabble

-Associated Press Photo.
Damaging testimony he gave against Tom Mooney in the 1936 San Francisco preparedness day bombing
was "framd" by officials, John MacDonald testified f rom his wheel chair in a deposition taken for the Cal-
ifornia Supreme Court at Baltimore, Md. The deposition, which will be used in another attempt to free
Mooney, was taken by Referee A. E. Shaw (left).

Say

Virginia's Wild Ponies
Descend From Pirates' Herd

May Oppose Bryan

-Associated Press Photo.
Myrna Loy, film actress, an-
nounced in New York she had ab-
rogated her movie contract after
several months of differences over
salary. She doesn't seem concerned
about her future.

t

CHINCOTEAGUE, Va., Aug. 15. -
(P) - A herd of vari-colored wild
ponies has roamed the salt marshes
of this island so many years that
no one can prove when or how the
original stock came.
The most commonly accepted story
tells that pirates who preyed on the
Atlantic coast years ago swam a small
herd of ponies to Chincoteague island
and left them. Today the ponies
number hundreds, running wild as
practically the only inhabitants of
the briny marshes here and on near-
by Assateague island.
Some who live in this community
in the bay cling to the legend of the
wreck of a Spanish vessel on the
coast of Chincoteague in the days
when America was very young. The
ship, so the yarn goes, was loaded
with ponies. Many of them perished
in the wreck, but others survived to
swim ashore and have lived as wild
animals ever since.
Eat Tough Salty Grass
There's still another version, not
so oft-told, that early settlers on the
eastern shore swam their horses
across the narrow strip of water sep-
arating the island from the penin-
sula in order to escape a tax levied
on each animal.
The origin of these picturesque
ponies may never be determined ac-
curately. They lead a hardy life,
drinking the brackish marsh water
and eating the short, tough, salty
grass with relish.
Winds whip in from the bay and
from the ocean across the eastern
shore, sending tides high over the
marshes that belong to the ponies,
but they always survive.
Once a year these wild animals
go to town - or rather, they are
driven to town. That's on pony
penning day, when Chincoteague goes
western. The ponies are rounded up
Carvings On Rock

from the lowlands, corralled in the
center of town, and a rodeo is held.
But it's a different kind of rodeo,
because the riders are fishermen
turned cowboys for the day. These
"cowboys" wrap their rubber boot-
clad legs about the animals much
the same as a western cowpuncher
holds a bronco. Sometimes, when a
pony gets too unruly, the fishermen-
turned-cowboy rides him into the
sea and lets him kick up his heels
in water several feet deep until he
grows tired and submits.
Some of the ponies have been
rounded up so often andhsent back
to their marshes that they're begin-
ning to accept it as a yearly excur-
sion.
Green Hazy On
Organization
Form Of A.F.L.
Merits Of Craft Unions Vs.
Industry Unions Debated
By Leaders
ATLANTIC CITY, N. J., Aug. 15.
- (F)- William Green, president of
the American Federation of Labor,
predicted today that the federation
would pursue a "broad, flexible pol-
icy" in determining how mass produc-
tion industry employes should be or-
ganized.
That was Green's comment on the
bitter fight within his executive
council, meeting this week, over
whether all the employes in auto-
mobile, steel, aluminum and similar
industries should be enrolled in craft
unions or be organized by industry.
The federation includes 105 unions,
most of them craft organizations
such as the carpenters, bricklayers
and electricians. Among the 105,
however, are several industrial un-
ions, such as the United Mine Work-
ers and the Amalgamated Clothing
Workers.
Showdown Predicted
A carpenter working in a mine
belongs to the United Mine Workers,
not the Carpenters Union. A sub-
stantial majority of the council fa-
vors the organization of mass pro-
duction industries by craft. A few
want them organized by industry, as
the miners have organized coal.
Leading representatives of each
group have predicted a showdown
fight on this issue at the next AFL
convention, here in October.
Green declined to elaborate on
what a "broad, flexible policy" would
mean.
The United Automobile Workers,
started as an industrial union, were
given all auto plant employes ex-
cept machinists in machine shops
and maintenance employes. These
exceptions, however, were termed by
the AFL industrial unionists a 'blow'
to the cause of the new union. Sol-
idarity, they contend, is essential to
successful colective bargaining.
Factional Fight Ensues
The federation's last conventh
directed the council to organize au-
tomobiles, steel, aluminum and ce-
ment along industrial lines. The
industrial unionists contend the
council has violated that direction
on several occasions, in spirit as well
as in letter.
All efforts to further organization
of the steel workers were held up by
a factional fight in the Amalgamated

BRIGHT SPOT
802 PACKARD STREET

Veteran Driver
Wins $18,000
Racing Even
GOSHEN, N. Y., Aug. 15. - (T)
Winning $18.670 in the light harne
horse racing's premier event with
colt hailed as the greatest trott
since Peter Manning would thi
most people, but not the veteran S
Palin, who yesterday drove Gre
hound to a straight heat victory
the Hambletonian.
"Sure I liked to win the mone:
said the 57-year-old Indianapo
horseman after seeing the gr
speedster bedded down for the nig
at Good Time Park.
"But honestly, I got "no more of
kick out of it than winning a $3
race."
Maybe it's because of the habit t-
Palin has of turning up with tw
minute performers. He's driven se
eral of them, including three gre
pacers: Winnipeg, His Majesty a
Star Etawah, all owned by E. J. Ba
el, of St. Charles, Ill., as is Gre
hound.
Under his guidance Winnip
hung up a record of 1:57%, a wo
record for geldings, at Toledo
1928, while His Majesty paced a n-
in 1:59 last year to establish a n
mark for 4-year-olds. He drove St
Etawah over a mile in 1:59% fo
years ago.
BUS TICKETS
INFORMATION
The Michigan Union
Hours 12 - 5 Dial 4131

Home Cooked Meals

OPEN ALL SUMMER


.

B

r Custer's Men
Recall 1876 Fight

BISMARCK, N. D., Aug. 15. - (P) -
Etchings on a rock have settled an
old dispute about the route Gen-
eral Custer's ill-fated Seventh cav-
alry took through the North Da-
kota badlands.
A sheepherder, watching his flock,
spied the carvings, made just before
Custer's band met disaster at the
battle of the Little Big Horn.
W. C. Williams and F. Neely carved
their names, the companies to which
they were attached and the date on
the rock, found 12 miles southwest
of Fryburig on the William McCarty
ranch.
Apparently Custer, on a day in May,
1876, picked the well-sheltered valley
for a camp site.
Neither Williams nor Neely were
killed in the Little Big Horn battle,
according to war department records.
Custer divided his column into three
sections. The two sections remain-
ing with him were annihilated but the
third escaped.
Residents of Dickinson, N. D., near-
by, have started a movement to pre-
serve the monument.
CHOOSES SAME ROCK
BROOKDALE, Calif., Aug. 15. -
(/P)- The moral of this paragraph
appears to be if the big one gets
away this year go right back to the
same snnext vear s nnL hi

-Associated Press Photo.
Ernest M. Bair (above), defeated
by Charles W. Bryan in the race
for mayor of Lincoln, Neb., last
year, was named as a candidate
against the former Nebraska gov-
ernor in recall petitions circulat-
ed among the city's voters. Bair
said he would not accept or reject
the petitions until he, had studied
the situation.
House Minority
Call's Guffey Bill
Unconstitutional
Republicans Again Claim
Roosevelt Is Twisting
Constitution
WASHINGTON.rAug. 15. -(UP) -
Into the fight over the Guffey coal
bill - a measure which some New
Deal chiefs say may be discarded for
this season - six Republicans today
tossed an accusation that President
Roosevelt seeks to change the Ameri-
can form of government.
A minority of the House ways and
means committee, which approved
the bill by a narrow margin, the dis-
senters said in a report:
"In his advocacy of this legisla-
tion, the President continues to show
his apparent disregard for Constitu-
tional limitations and his desire to
institute fundamental changes in our
governmental system looking to es-
tablishment of a centralized bureau-
cratic autocracy under executive con-
trol."
The bill, called a "little NRA"
measure, would regulate the bitu-
minous coal industry through a code
for wage and hour standards, trade
practices and price-fixing. It would
be enforced through taxes, much of
which would be returned to operators
who signed up to abide by regula-
tions.
Signers of the minority report were
Reps. Isaac Bacharach of New Jersey,
Allen T. Treadway, of Massachu-
setts; Frank Crowther, of New York;
Harold Knutson, of Minnesota; Dan-
iel A. Reed, of New York, and Roy O.
Woodruff, of Michigan.
They said the President's objec-
tives of government changes "can
be reached only by the creation of an
unjust and unwarranted antagon-
ism to the Constitution and the Su-
preme Court to the point where the

HI ~Ghe
Michigan
Alumnus
I11(1 Official Publication for Michigan's Alumni

26 Issues Per Year--920 Pages
4 QUARTERLY REVIEW NUMBERS Of 100 pages each.
A publication worthy of your University's fine aca-
demic reputation.
12 MONTHLY NUMBERS Of 28 to 36 pages each. Filled
with news of alumni and campus events & personalities.
5 WEEKLY NUMBERS of 16 pages each, telling the
story of the early weeks of the school year, with expert
reviews of Varsity football games.
5 FORTNIGHTLY ISSUES of 16 pages each, keeping you
up-to-date.

1;

$2

for

I

Year--To Seniors Only

Order at the
Alumni Association Offices

I