The Weather Partly cloudy, local showers or thunderstorms Wednesday, and possibly Tuesday. Y MW Official Publication Of The Summer Session Editorials Germany Adds To Her Disgrace .... Why Give Away Our Professors? . VOL. XVI No. 26 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, JULY 23, 1935 q PRICE: FIVE CENTS Gold Coverage In Italy Is Allowed To Hit New Low, Mussolini Instigates Royal Decree Setting Standard Below 40 Per Cent Anticipated Fight Necessitates Act Dictator Foresees Need Of Buying Weapons, Food1 From Powers ROME, July 22. - (AP) - Italy's gold coverage today was permitted to fall below the legal limit of 40 per cent by a royal decree published in the official Government Gazette. The Gazette said: "Whereas there is a necessity and urgency for pro- curing means of payments abroad of an exceptional nature," the council of ministers, on the proposal of Premier Mussolini, decreed the tem- porary suspension of the stabilization law of 1927, fixing the legal coverage of gold at 40 per cent. This "necessity and urgency" men- tioned in the royal decree is com- monly accepted here to mean the htalo-Ethiopian situation and the necessity of purchasiig raw materials abroad to furnish the East African army with war materials and equip- ment. Some months ago the gold cover- age hovered around 41 and 42 per cent. Within the last few weeks statements of the Bank of Italy have indicated a sharp decline in gold but at the same time an increase in for- eign credits. Banking circles said, however, that these foreign credits are in many cases foreign securities listed at their fhce value instead of. their present market value, so in fact the coverage with.reference to the currency was perhaps less than 40 per cent. Italy now has nearly 5%2 billion liras in gold. Guard Tokio Embassy ROME, July 22-(A) -Fascist troops and police tonight were as- signed to guard against political dem- onstrations which, it was feared, would rise. from the violent anti- Japanese campaign in the newspapers over the reported Nipponese opposi- tion to the Italo-Ethiopian conflict. The Japanese embassy was placed under heavy guard as the front pages of the newspapers making the sharp accusations were posted on walls throughout the city. Ambassador Sugimura of Japan is scheduled to call on Fulvio Suvich, under-secretary for foreign affairs, tomorrow. The Japanese envoy said he had not transmitted certain por- tions of the press comments to his government and will not do so for several days until, the situation be- comes calmer. He said the newspapers were apt to be overly excitable and be- cause the comment in all of them was similar they were undoubtedly acting upon orders from above. The newspapers vie with one another in extremity of phrase. Jap- an was accused of trying to make herself a champion of the black races. She was further accused of hypocrisy by trying to hide her concerns for her commercial interests in Ethiopia under a cloak of high-sounding prin- ciples. Prof. Thieme To Speak On Books Today "Books and Book Collecting" will .be the subject of Prof. Hugo P. Thieme, chairman of the romance languages department, when he gives another in the summer series of lec- tures at 5 p.m. today in Natural Science Auditorium. - Professor Thieme has taught in the University since 1898 becoming a professor in 1914. He studied at Concordia College and at Johns Hop- kins, receiving his A.B. and Ph.D. drees from the latter institution. Protests Nazi Purge -Associated Press Photo. A second Vatican protest against a new Nazi drive against Catholics in Germany was reported filed at the foreign office by Rev. Cesare Orsenigo (above), papal .nuncio. Jews and war veterans were other targets in the "purge" of so-called "reactionary" elements. 6 Fraternities Heard; Others Appear T'oday iy; One House May Be Closed Following Absence Of Its Representative Of the twelve housescalled before the University Committee on Finan- cial Standards and Exceptions for hearings on their financial status, six were heard by the committee yester- day. The six remaining houses will be heard today, according to Prof. Rob- ert P. Briggs of the economics de- partment, who is chairman of the committee. Although he would make no an- nouncement as to definite action tak- en by the committee yesterday, Pro- fessor Briggs intimated that at least one house will be closed unless the fraternity's representative can ex- plain his failure to appear at the hearings yesterday. Professor Briggs also said that be- cause additional information has been received about the financial condi- tion of other houses not included in the current hearing, another hearing will probably be held at a later date for these houses. O'HARA SURRENDERS DETROIT, July 22--(A)--Elmer B. O'Hara surrendered to Recorder's Judge Thomas Cotter to answer to charges of "stealing" the 1934 State election, and perjury. The- chairman of the Democratic State Central Committee and Wayne County clerk was arraigned immedi- ately before Judge Cotter. Lemon Will Lecture Two Times Today First Presbyterian Pastor Opens Second Day Of Religious Conference Sanders To Exhibit Aged Manuscripts Professor Adams To Lead Discussion On Problems Of ReligiousPhilosophy Dr. William P. Lemon, pastor of the First Presbyterian Church, will open the second day of the Religious Con- ference which is being held here when he speaks on "Influence of the Bible in Literature" at 10 a.m. today in the League. Dr. Lemon is appearing three times on the program of the Conference, speaking again at 4 p.m. today on the topic, "Religion in Account with Mod- ern Literature." He opened the con- ference yesterday when he spoke on "Religion in World Literature." In addition to having been the preacher at St. Andrews Church, Min- neapolis, Dr. Lemon is one of the as- sociate editors of the Christian Cen- tury as well as a frequent con- tributor to the magazine. At 11 a.m. Prof. Henry A. Sanders will lecture and exhibit some Biblical manuscripts in the third floor library. of the League. Professor Sandershas done research work in this field, and will show his finds. Prof. George P. Adams who is lec- turing in the Summer Session of the University of California on Ethics and Philosophy of Religion will con- tinue his discussion on "Certain Per- sistent Problems in the Philosophy of Religion," at 2 p.m. today. Professor Adams is the editor of the 10-volume series of University of California Publications in Philosophy. In his book, "Idealism and the Mod- ern Age," he has set forth concrete social problems which will be under consideration during the discussion. The arrangements for this confer- ence have been made by a commit- tee of local ministers and five grad- uates now serving churches in the state working in co-operation with Dr. Edward Blakeman, University coun- selor of Religious Education. Nazis Prepare For Mop-Up Of Enemies BERLIN, July 22.-(A') -The heavy hand of Nazi law today was poised above the heads of Jews, Catholics, Protestants and other asserted oppo- nents of Naziism as officials of the third Reich avowedly prepared them- selves for a sweeping campaign against reactionaries. The edict issued today by Wilhelm Fricht, minister of the interior, or- dered Roman Catholics and Lutheran confessional youth organizations to cease all mass appearances in public and to discard their uniforms and emblems. The Catholic clergy, which general- ly obeyed the government decree yes- terday against pulpit comment on the Nazi drive against the Pope's political "Catholicism,"' was in a tense state throughout the country. Finch Speaks On Position Of Nazi Reich Solution Of Difficulties Brought By Break With Treaty Suggested Question One For Tribunal, He Says Consideration Of Events After War Asked Before Action By America By WILLIAM R. REED Action by the United States with regard to the European situation1 created by the announcement March 16 that Germany had restored mili-; tary conscription and enlarged its army in apparent violation of pro- visions of the Treaty of VersaillesI should be tempered by consideration of the events and situations since thej conclusion of the World War in 1918, according to George A. Finch, secre- tary of the Summer Session on Teach-I ing of International Law.- Such considerations, according toi Mr. Finch, will show sufficient basisI for the claims of Germany as to thet legal justification of its acts as to make a satisfactory conclusion of the, matter possible only by submission of the matter as a judicial questionk to an international tribunal. Alter-t natively, Mr. Finch suggested a com-t plete revision of the situation by re- vised understandings between thei powers involved. Two Courses Suggested Mr. Finch,. who is also secretary of the American Society of Internationalr Law and Assistant Secretary of the Carnegie Endowment for Internation- al Peace, spoke last night on the subject of "The United States and the Development of the European Situa- tion," confining himself to the events leading to and hmmediately folowing, the Reich proclamation of last March. The address was the fourth of five lectures to be delivered by the faculty of the Summer Session on Teaching International Law. Immediately following the German1 proclamation, announced by Chan- cellor Hitler, two courses were sug- gested for the United States, Mr. Finch said: to revise neutrality laws and policies through legislation in order to keep this country out of another war, or that the United States should not withdraw from European affairs, but should join the League of Nations. Proposals Made Hastily Such proposals were hastily made, Mr. Finch suggested, because of the significant conclusions which may be reached by a study of the back- ground of the German proclamation. That proclamation put into effect universal military service and in- creased the army to 500,000 men, contravening Versailles provisions limiting the army to 100,000 and abolishing conscription. Denunciation of the German action is based upon the fundamental con- ception in international law regarding the inviolability of treaty commit- ments. Germany was limited by the Treaty in accordance with the Fourth Point of President Wilson's 14 Points upon which the Armistice was signed, which provided national armaments "to be reduced to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety." No corresponding limitations were imposed upon the Allied signatories to the treaty, however, Mr. Finch pointed out. Their commitments were confined to Article 8 of the Covenant of the League of Nations and provided reduction "to the lowest point con sistent with national safety." Germany's Rights It was the difference between the provisions as to "domestic" safety which bound Germany and the "na- tional safety which was to limit the Allies, which precipitated considera- tion of German rights under the Treaty. Such consideration, Mr. Finch concluded, must show that the rights of Germany under the Treaty were as those under which the Armis- tice was signed, and the Armistice was signed under conditional, rather than absolute or unconditional sur- render of Germany. That fact ex- tends further rights to Germany, Mr. Finch added. a Following the administration of the Soldiers Patrol Streets As Unions Call General Strike In Terre Haute Nationalism Permanent Bar Workers Protest Against Alleged Importation Of To Peace Of World--Norwood Strikebreakers By EDWARD GRIFFITH BEGLE gated to a very mnor position in Virtual Paralysis World peace will never be attained many states ruled by dictators, Dr. Hits City Business as long as all nations are sovereign Norwood pointed out, it may some states which admit no laws but their day become the one refuge of personal own, Dr. Frederick W. Norwood, min- liberty, the one force against militar- 48 Labor Unions Join As ister of City Temple, London, said ism. EveryOf Worker in his address before the Religious "The one thing we must fight Type Conference, which opened its two-day against is the terror which persuades Throws Down Tools sessions yesterday. men that they are in danger of war "Peace will involve the biggest and which leads them to submit to TERRE HAUTE, Ind., July 22.- struggle man has ever faced," he subjugation through fear of others." ()-A sudden general strike brought pointed out, "and it can never be Threats of war cannot keep the virtually complete business paralysis won without bravery. We should peace, he stated, as evidenced by the to Terre Haute tonight, stopped the struggle for the recognition of the fact disarmament of Germany after the normal flow of food and other neces- that the world is so complex and in- war, which was done to prevent war aities to its 66,000 inhabitants and volved that we cannot allow 66 sov- by armed influence, an experiment forced strict military rule by nearly ereign states in the world." which has failed utterly. 2,000 National Guardsmen. There are only two ways to secure T1 The guardsmen came from nearby peace, the speaker said. "The first y Ford cities and posted proclamations de- means, that of empire, has always cdaring Terre Haute and all of Vigo failed, and even if it should succeed, 1 County to be under military control. peace by such 'methods would destroy A sked To Join Beginning at 1 a.m. members of the finest values of the world." various labor union organizations The other method, which Dr. Nor- All-Star S ua joined in the "holiday" voted by rep- wood believes is the only way of last- resentatives of 48 local labor unions ing good-will, is that of cooperation as a protest against alleged importa- between the greater nations, especially tion of strikebreakers by the Colum- the United States and England, and Hutson Receives Greatest bian Enameling and Stamping Co. the resultant growth of a newer, Total Of Votes In Poll Of where a strike of union workers has greater religion based on Christian- been in progress for a month. The ity, since that is the only religion Football Fans "holiday" was without the sanction opposed to war. of the Central Labor Union, officials In summing the situation of the Jerry Ford and John Regeczi, mem- of that organization said. world today he stressed the fact that bers of Michigan's 1934 grid team, Busses and Trolleys Halted bmoth religion and world citizenship Bse n rlesHle are undergoing great tests, and that were included in a list invited last Transportation services were first many primary lessons must be re- night to report on Aug. 10 for drills tied up by the strikers. Street rail- learned by religion in order to at- in preparation for a game Aug. 29 way employees left their posts, bus tain ts oa B d drivers abandoned their vehicles and tain its goal. between the Chicago Bears and a divers deserted their taxiclab. "At the same time," he said, "na- team of 1934 all-stars selected by a.drivers deserted theirtaxicabs. bons are retreating within themselves, nation-wide poll conducted by the A few filling stations opened dur- re re treating n wrldeitinel IQ? pe Chi ago ing the morning but by noon nearly European situation is just as it was Although Ford, who is under con- all were closed and mo oriss began before the war, though the position tract to coach at Yale in the fall, a hasty exit to nearby cities and rural today is even more ominous." and Regeczi were not named on the communities to replenish their fuel The trouble with the world today, squad of 22 which will play in the sec- supply. he stated, is that there is no force end annual game, they were included By noon the "holiday" movement which seeks universal peace, though among an additional 25 recommended was in full swing with groups of men the rudiments of such forces exist. by coaches to bring the squad to full ranging in numbers from 10 to 100 "The force which would be most pow- practice strength. visiting all shops that kept open erful in attaining peace is moral Ford is a center and Regeczi a "urging" the proprietors to join the force," he said. halfback. closing movement. In most instances Although religion has been rele- Four Ali-Americans paced the the shop owners acquiesced. -- ----squad of 22 which was selected by Signs appeared in most every store " 737,918 votes cast in the poll, as Don window reading: "Closed on account Ford VTlla e Hutson of Alabama and Frank Lar- of holiday." son of Minnesota were selected at Crowd Mills About Plant To Be V isited ends and Bill Lee, Alabama, at Around the plant of the enameling tackle, and Francis (Pug) Lund of company, sore spot of the labor " e Minnesota at a halfback were named. trouble, a large crowd lingered On ExcUrs1i1 Hutson polled the biggest total, 143,- throughout the day. Guards employed 648. by the company sat within its walls Others named on the first team are: heavily armed. Henry Ford's "typical central Mich- tackle, Phil Bengston, Minnesota; The request for troops was made by igan town of four score years ago" guards, Regis Monahan, Ohio State Mayor Samuel O. Beecher, Sheriff which he has constructed at Dearborn and Carl Mucha, Alabama; center, William Baker and Prosecutor R. J. will be visited by students of the Jack Robinson, Notre Dame; quarter- Kearns. They expressed fear that Summer Session who participate in back, Irvine Warburton, Southern city police, on duty continuously for the eighth excursion tomorrow after- California; halfbacks, Duane Purvis, more than 36 hours, would be unable noon. Purdue and Millard Howell, Alabama; to keep under control the rising tide Bus fare has been set at $1 for fullback, Stan Kostka, Minnesota. of disorder that manifested itself in round trip. Admission to the village numerous fist fights. w ,1 a will be 25 cents. "Greenfield Village" boasts a white steepled church, a colonial style town hall, red-brick school house, tavern, country store, postoffice, toll gate station, tin-type gallery and even a blacksmith shop. Those in charge of the village it is said, promise the students many new features and "a glance at the Museum." The trip is in charge of Prof. Louis J. Rouse of the mathematics depart- ment. Rubber Monopoly WASHINGTON, July 22. - (Y') - An international rubber combine which has clamped down on the ex- ports from 95 per cent of the rubber producing countries was blamed by Commerce Department officials to- day for steadily rising prices of that commodity. Since March, they said, the price has risen 1.1 cents per pound. Major League Standings I Windt Acclaims 'Othello' Cast As Nearest To Ensemble Ideal Iuntington Library Described As Factor InLiterary Field By ELSIE A. PIERCE The work of the Michigan Reper- tory Players in the production of "Othello," which will open tomorrow night has more nearly than any other group of local students reached the ideals of ensemble acting found in great theater groups, Valentine B. Windt, director of the Players, said yesterday. "The students taking part have shown by their enthusiastic coopera- tion that they are inspired by .the ideals of such great groups as the players in the Moscow Art Theater and the Abbey Theater in Ireland, for they realize that even the small- est parts are most remunerative," he said. Some of the students who have played bit parts in the previous pro- ductions of this summer's seasons will Mr. Windt said, "the part of lIago has been cut to make the roles of Othello and Desdemona more out- standing. However, only two pages of the script have been cut for our production, and the role of Iago is a major one." Mr. Windt regards "Othello" as one of the most difficult of the important Shakespearean tragedies, and it is only because he feels that the Reper- tory Players have reached a stage of development where they can handle it that he selected "Othello" as one of the offerings for this summer's sea- son. "'Othello' is perhaps the greatest of the Shakespearean tragedies," Mr. Windt remarked, "because its charac- ters have such a universal appeal, and because its plot construction is nearly perfect. The characters are not kings By ROBERT S. RUWITCH The Henry T. Huntington Library of San Marino, Calif., which he characterized as "a library which promises to be a potent factor in literary endeavor," was the subject of discussion yesterday by Dr. Louis B. Wright, of the research staff of that institution. Dr. Wright spoke in Natural Science Auditorium in the Summer Session lecture series. He is here at the University on the summer teaching staff of 'the English department. The Huntington Library is the re- sult of gifts by the late Henry T. Huntington, famed American collect- or of art and literary masterpieces. Chief of the gardens is the cactus garden, which, according to the speaker, attracts leading botanists from all over the country for study. Both the gardens and the art gal- lery are open to the general public but the library proper "is strictly a scholar's library where any accredited scholar is welcome." Most important of the library's many important collections, Dr. Wright pointed out, is the English drama collection which includes 90 per cent of all dramatic works pub- lished before the Victorian period (1837-1901). The research program of the Huntington Library provides for AMERICAN LEAGUE W L New York..........50 31 Detroit. ..........52 34 Chicago............46 35 Boston..45 41 Cleveland...........42 40 Philadelphia ........36 45 Washington .........36 50 St. Louis ..,.........26 57 Yesterday's Results Detroit-New York, rain. Chicago 12, Philadelphia 3. Cleveland 6, Washington 4. Boston 2, St. Louis 1. Games Today Detroit at New York (2). Chicago at Philadelphia. Cleveland at Washington. St. Louis at Boston. NATIONAL LEAGUE W L New York ............53 29 St. Louis .............53 30 Chicago .............51 35 Pittsburgh ..........47 41 Brooklyn ............39 44 Cincinnati ...........39 48 Philadelphia .........36 48 Bdston.............22 65 Pet. .617 .605 .568 .523 .512 .444 .419 .313 Pet. .646 .639 .593 .534 .470 .448 .429 .253 Yesterday's Results