PAGE FOUR THE MICHIGAN DAILY TUESDAY, JULY 7, 1936 PAGE FOUR TUESDAY, JULY 7, 1936 THE MICHIGAN DAILY Official Publication of the Summer Session 4 . 7W Published every morning except Monday during the University year and Summer Session by the Board in Control of Student Publications. Member of the Western Conference Editorial Associa- tion and the Big Ten News Service. MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and the local news published herein. All rights of republication of special dispatches are reserved. Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as second class matter. Special rate of postage granted by third Assistant Postmaster-General. Subscription during summer by carrier, $1.50, by mail, $2.00. During regular school year by carrier, $4.00; by mail, $4.50. Offices: Student Publications Building, Maynard Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Phone: 2-1214. Representatives: National Advertising Service, Inc., 420 Madison Ave., New York City.-400 N. Michigan Ave,., Chicago, Ill. EDITORIAL STAFF Telephone 4925 MANAGING EDITOR..............THOMAS E. GROEIIN ASSOCIATE EDITOR ..............THOMAS IH. KLEENE. Editorial Director.................Marshall D. Shulman Dramatic Critic.................-- ......John W. Pritchard Assistant Editors: Clinton B. Conger, Ralph W. Hurd, Joseph S. Mattes, Elsie A. Pierce, Tuure Tenander, Jewel W. Wuerfel. Zeporters: Eleanor Barc, Donal Burns, Mary Delnay, M. E. Graban, John Hlpert, Richard E. Lorch, Vincent Moore, Elsie Roxborough, William Sours, Dorothea Staebler. BUSINESS STAFF Telephone 21214 BUSINESS MANAGER ..........GEORGE H. ATHERTON CREDITS MANAGER ....................JOHN R. PARK Circulation Manager ..................J. Cameron Hall Offee Manager .............................Robert Lodge No One Arms ForPeace. ... . BRITTEN AUSTIN, whose work in behalf of peace is above question, writes interestingly in the last issue of This Week magazine refuting the thesis fam'iliar to pacifists that armaments create war. As a matter of fact, progress in armaments not only "made wars progressively less frequent, but less deadly in proportion to the numbers engaged. There was no altruism in this. It was automatic." On the double premise that development in' armaments have made war prohibitively expensive, and more incapacitating than murderous, Mr. Aus- tin declares that "The present wild arms race is an expression of reciprocal fear rather than of1 determination to start a row. Unless some scared fool pulls a gun, probably there will be no war in the near future. Every year without one is a year gained to peace." His conclusion is that pacifists ought to turn their attention from the fight against armaments; and seekto educate the people to international-; mindedness. There are several objections to this attitude. First: the mere expense of war is no guarantee of peace, and the fact that improvements in warfare have tended thus far to make war more expensive should not lead us to lend impetus to arms man- ufacture. May it not be in the future that some scientist will turn himself to the problem of more economical production of war materials; may not cheaper nitrate production, for example, be one such instrument? Second: the clause, "Unless some scared fool pulls a gun," is not a minor consideration. Despite the expense, despite even unwillingness on the part of diplomats to engage in war, nations are helpless in the face of an international episode. Should an incident occur, an assassination, a naval accident, nations who are armed will bluster, those who are unprepared for war are tractable. Thus, because armed preparedness reflects itself in a nation's foreign policy,;it is a menace to peace. Third: there are only two ways to achieve world peace - either through a conquest of the world by a single power, or through a substitution of world-. mindedness for nationalism. Let us decide whe- ther we want to achieve peace the Roman way- and if we do, the way toward it is indicated by our last army and navy appropriation. If it is our intention to secure a world amity, the path toward it is certainly not to thwart sanctions by increas- ing our oil exports to a nation which is not only belligerent, but bellicose. Rather should we throw our support to any instrument calculated to sub- stitute arbitration for armed settlements. Although one would rather be gassed than bay- oneted, he would rather never have gone to war at all. If there is to be any improvement, let it not be in the 'mechanics of war, but in ourselves. The first step is that we must not elect to national office any man who does not declare himself will- ing to support measures such as those suggested by the National Council for the Prevention of War, measures which will be the subject of a future editorial. We should not, of course, cease our efforts in behali of education in realities, but we cannot condone, as Mr. Austin would have us do, our mad armament race at the same time. The Seeds Of Struggle.. . T HE LONG-THREATENING clash between John L. Lewis' Committee for Industrial Organization and the "vested in- terests" of the nation's steel indusatry hecame an I Any careful reader of the profoundseries of articles in recent issues of Fortune magazine crit- ically analyzing policies and practices of the steel industry must have been convinced long before now that some sort of declared hostility emergent in this industry was inevitable-unless-those in power made revision in their attitude toward those under their power. This attitude, accurately diagnosed by Fortune, was given striking illustration by a letter to steel workers from Eugene R. Grace, president of the Bethlehem Steel Corporation, written last Satur- day in the ominous calm, so to speak, before the thunderous storm of repressed industrial union- ism. This letter stated in part: "I do not have any thought that you desire any change in our pres- ent relationships or that you will be misled by any appeal that may be made to you in the announced campaign. "My purpose rather is to assure you that we will assist you in every way to continue the present proven method of dealing with our mutual prob- lems." It is just this ostrich-like attitude, this deliberate denial or ignoring of reality that Fortune, The Daily and other observers view as the basic weak- ness of policy in an industry so huge as to make that weakness a flaw in the whole social structure of this country. "I do not have any thought that you desire any change." What a travesty! How ridiculous to assume that the C.I.O. is working in a vacuum, that notoriously the most restless group of Amer- ican workers is completely satisfied. Such a policy is, at the least, psychologically dis- astrous. It is, at the most, the last great stand of economic stupidity against the slow, persistent, faltering advancement of economic democracy. Public opinion will be important in deciding the outcome of the impending clash within the steel industry. Public opinion will be entreated by the logic of collective bargainers and by the propaganda of collective reactionaries. Whatever its sympathies, public opinion must be convinced that there is a basic divergence of interests in- volved, that change is inevitable and finally that authority must be granted the government to in- sure real equality of bargaining, real freedom of expression amongst all economic classes in our society. i MUSIC Program Notes By W. J. LICHTENWANGER FACULTY CONCERT (Tuesday, July 7, 8:30 p.m.) Sonata in B Flat (K. 378) Mozart: One of forty- two works which Mozart wrote in the form, this sonata for violin and piano was composed in the summer of 1781, a few months after the composer had taken up his abode in Vienna, where he was destined to spend the remaining ten years of his life. Among the first products of Mozart's last and greatest period, it bears all of his charm and grace of expression with none of the gravity and dignity which came later through the influence of Haydn, whom he saw for the first time during the following winter. Buoyant, blithesome, the first movement particularly is Mozart in his hap- piest mood. The entire work is attractive not only in the charm of the melodic material but in -the contrapuntal skill with which the material is developed. * * * * ____r__See It The Heidelberg Funeral EDTOR'S NOTE: The following is a letter written 1 to the editor of the New York Times. To the Editor: With hardly suppressed tears of anger and shame I have read the splendid accounts by The Times correspondent of the spectacle of celebrating the burial of higher learning and scholastic free- dom at Heidelberg at the conclusion of 550 years of enviable existence. Today's editorial "Heidel- berg Obsequies" strikes deep and hard at Hitler's1 enslavement of intellectuality and condemns thej prostitution of the arts and sciences, morals and1 ethics which all have been "gleichgeschaltet" in Nazist realization of the totalitarian state. As an alumnus of Ruperto-Carola I can but grit my teeth in despair and complete bewilderment at a learned world's apathy and partial condonation of the destruction. of universitas heidelbergiensis and' universalis. In the face of what has taken place politically, economically and morally during the past three years of Hitler's reign, it seems incredible that American educators, unlike their iEhglish colleagues-Americans supposedly im- bued with a" spirit of freedom of thought, toler- ance and learnedness--should accept the assign- ment of representing their own universities at this burial of what was Heidelberg.' Less comprehensible remains the fact that a number of American universities actually felt it their duty and privilege (?) to be represented, to accept the invitation, to be honored through their attending faculty members by honorary degrees or- dained by the same powers who have prided them- selves for dismissing, retiring, exiling, imprison- ing or killing eminent men because, as your edi- torial states, "their race, affiliations or beliefs were objectionable" to Naziism. Degrees handed out as favors by men who have risen to political power by fire and sword and who have never felt the exultation of learning for learning's sake,; who know but one Latin. phrase, that of Ovidus Naso: Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori ! "Alt-Heidelberg, Du feine; Du Stadt an Ehren reich * * "-reads the famous song. "Thou city rich in honor" -and age and traditions, wiped out, destroyed deliberately and completely for the con- forming servitude of this one more cog in the mighty wheel of Nazi-Weltanschauung! - There is little left but contempt for the perpe- trators of the greatest crime of the century, shame on the heads of those American teachers who have forgotten their young but nevertheless en- viable heritage of American, democratic principles, who have wandered far to help in spading dirt and earth on a tomb that embraces the work of cen- turies, of generations, of humanity in its highest medium of existenceffi all this to theaccompani- ment of a music that waves flags, marches uni- forms, rattles sfiabers, salutes and barks com- mands. Indeed, hail to progress and - humanity! -Boris Erich Nelson. Things that happen, however painful they are at the time, do not matter very much for long. Only how we behave to them matters.-Phyllis Sottome, "The Crystal Cup." Poeme - Chausson: Like a number of other composers of the later nineteenth century, Ernest Chausson received his early training in a field other than music. Born in Paris in 1855 of moder- ately wealthy parents, he obtained his lawyer's degree before turning to the serious study of music, which he began in 1880 as a student of Massenet in composition. Unsuccessful in an attempt to win the Prix de Rome, he left Massenet for Cesar Franck, under whom he studied sedulously for three years. From Franck he received the solid structural training which became the foundation of his own individual style-a style highly sensi- tive and refined, typically French in its lyrical charm, and pervaded by a gentle, graceful melan- choly which is entirely his own. The Poeme, writ- ten in 1896 for violin and orchestra, is a poetic, even dramatic, work of lofty sentiment, betraying well the melodic gift of the composer. * * * * Sonata in A, Op. 47 (Kreutzer) - Beethoven: "For pianoforte and obligato violin, written in the style of a concerto." Such were the words in- scribed by Beethoven upon the Ms. of this sonata, dedicated to the German violinist Rodolphe Kreut- 1 zer, and one of the outstanding works of its kind. Lofty in sentiment and eloquent in expres-1 sion, it shows little evidence of the fact that it was< written to order, for a joint concert given May 17,1 1803 by Beethoven and the English violinist,1 Bridgetower. Owing to the composer's accus- tomed procrastination, the second movement was only completed at literally the last minute, and Bridgetower was forced to perform it at sight-- reading from Beethoven's scratchy, blotted manu- script. Tzigane-Ravel: This rhapsody for violin and piano by the leading contemporary French com- poser was written only twelve years ago and has not as yet become very well known, this being its first performance in Ann Arbor. Written in the traditional gypsy style, its melodic and harmonic idiom nevertheless bears the stamp of the com- poser's individuality. Tragedy In China (From the New York Times) THE balance between peace and war in China remains precarious. In the south, large forces of Nanking troops exchange raids with forces from the Provinces of Kwangtung and Kwangsi.' In the northeast and Inner Mongolia, Japanese military preparations and demonstrations grow more ominous. In Outer Mongolia, a mutual as- sistance pact has recently been concluded with the Soviet Union. To the northwest and the west the great regions of Sinkiang and Tibet are subject to foreign control and are in the throes of political unrest. While millions of peasants are starving or on the verge of starvation in famine-ridden ar- eas-chiefly in the Provinces of Honan and Sze- chuen and in Inner Mongolia-Chiang Kai-shek announces on behalf of the Central Government the expenditure of $375,000,000 for military prep- arations during the next twelve months, and one of the war lords in the south is reported to have spent nearly a quarter of a million dollars on the wedding of one of his relatives Few of the great hopes which marked the estab- lishment of the republic in China more than two decades ago have yet been realized. Western parliamentary institutions, American and Europ- ean trained Chinese students, Western advisers, the adoption of "civilized" military method's and machines-none of these "reforms" have appar- ently been able to retard the internal forces of dis- integration or to check the political and military encroachments of foreign powers. Such funda- mental movements as that for mass education, the rise of a vigorous nationalism, and the widespread acceptance of radical doctrines which have been labeled communistic have lacked in a central, effective leadership. Chiang Kai-shek, who rose to power through the support of these elements, has recently devoted much of his energy and re- sources to their suppression. While thus engaged on the one hand, he has on the other hand been a complaint instrument in the continuous and ad- vancing Japanese aggression in Manchuria and beyond the Great Wall, until now it would occasion no surprise if the whole territory north of the Yellow River, including Shangtung, were-under the guise of establishing an independent regime- separated from the body of China. SO FAIR A HOUSE, by Welbourn Kelley (Morrow). fHE week has produced two valu- able southern novels, James Mc- Connaughey's "Village Chronicle"' and now Welbourn Kelley's "So Fairl A House." Of the two, "Village! Chronicle" is probably the best job technically, and certainly it makes its points more simply and with highly commendable economy of words. But probably Mr. Kelley's "So Far A House" must be called more "im- portant." This is because Mr. Kelley gets into the labor war before he is done. His southern town lives on mills rather than on a university as in "Village Chronicle." And even when the mill owners have as little actual connec- tion as Bartow Bradford had with his, Mr. Kelley does not let them escape trouble. Bartow spent his time writ- I ing fiction for the slicks at $30,000 a serial, and regretting the fact that his Rose had run away and left him with three charming children-the youngest of whom, a little scamp named Singer, was not Bartow's son. Thus Mr. Kelley has a strained family situation on his hands, com- plicated by the fact that Swanee, his oldest child, insists on marrying a man nearly three times her age whose reputation is not as good as his bank account. He has also a cen- tral character who is abnormally weak in many respects, and curiously strong in others. He has in addi- tion trouble which is festering be- neath the mill chimneys, and is further irritated by an injection of northern literary-radical virus. And he has a group of subsidiary char- acters, revolving around in an occa- sionally confusing set of subsidiary plots. This is a good deal for one novel, but the author shoulders his cross bravely and bears it nobly. Most of the writing is first rate, full of local incident and southern color which seems authentic. The manner in which the town handles the northern invasion is part of this last. The three Bradford children are amusing and heart rending by turns. Perhaps the lack of clarity through most of the novel comes from the fact that Bartow Bradford is himself a mud- died, confused and thwarted person. In any case there is a lack of clarity. --J. S. ! Notices VOL XLV No, 7 TIESDAY, JULY 7, 1936 Faculty Concert: Prof. Wassily Besekirsky, violinist, and Prof. Joseph Brinkman, pianist, will present the following program in Hill Auditorium this evening at 8:30 p.m. The public, with the exception of small children, is cordially invited to attend, with- out admission charge. Sonata, B-flat major (K. 378) . . . ..' .. .. . -. .... M ozart Allegro moderata Andantino sostenuto Rondo Poeme, Op. 25 .............Chausson Sonata, Op. 47 (Kreutzer) ...... .Beethoven Adagio sostenuto-Presto Andante con variazioni Finale Tzigane (Rapsodie de Concert) .......................... R avel Mr.d .0. Courtright is planning to divide his Extension course in golf into two sections. One section of the class will meet on Monday and Wed- nesday at 4:45 p.m. and the other will meet on Tuesday and Thursday at 4:45 p.m. The class meets at the practice tee of the University Golf Course. The number of students in the class is limited, but there is room for a few more students in each sec- tion. Stalker alil: Group leaving Stalker Hall today at 5 p.m. for steak roast at the Island. Price: 25c per person. Call Stalker Hall, 6881 for reserva- tions. A reception will be held at the home of Dr. H. W. Nordmeyer ,1416 Granger Ave., this evening from 8 to 10:30 p.m. for the members of the Summer Session staff of the German Department and students in the ad- vanced courses in German. Members of the German Table group are also cordially invited to attend. Registration in the Bureau of Ap- pointments and Occupational Infor- mation for Seniors and Graduate Students interested in being consid- ered for teaching or business place- ment will be held Tuesday, July 7, through Friday, July 10, from 10-12 DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN P uiation in the Bulletin is con tr ucti e notice 1toall numbers of the Ui o.i .Colpy receved at the otl'ic of the Summer Session, Room 1213 Angn ia 11 until 3:30: 11:00 am. on Saturday Is Collee A Machine? -How Northwestern Turns 'Em Out- EDITOR'S NOTE: The following ar- ticle, by the D~ean of the College of f Liberal Arts at Northwestern Univer- sity, is reprinted from the Summuer z Northwestern News Magazine. It orig- inally appeared in a more expanded form inthe Northwestern Alumni News. By ADDISON HIBBARD1 THE mechanical nature of educa- tion often has been emphasized. "College," we've been old, "is a ma- chine into which students are poured, ' the faculty turns the crank, and out come more graduates!" Each alum- nus is supposedly trade-marked by his institution. Thus we have, thet critics say, "the Yale Man," theI Princeton Man," the "Harvard Man."t American education is emulating in- dustrial mass production. "You arej "big business." This frequent charge is well-known1 to every faculty member. And I, forc one, willingly admit that professorsc and administrative officers have been irked-so irked, in fact, that for the past decade their chief efforts have been directed toward individualizing education. How if those responsible for our educational institutions have listenedf to this general comment, made by the populace should learn what colleges have recently been doing to render the charge untrue. The first American colleges knew1 just what they were to do--educate! the few for the dignified professions. This constituted the "ick" period in American education. Every student, a century ago, did go through the same mill. Certain "disciplines"-- the "ick" subjects, logick, mathemat- icks, rhetorick,and the classicks-- formalized higher education to meet a narrow view of what constituted a gentleman's education. Then fol- lowed, about forty years ago, the3 "free elective" period ,introduced by President Eliot of Harvard. Under this scheme, students were allowed to range pretty much where they would. Here was freedom with a vengeance. This second period as- sumed that four years in which the student "took" almost anything the college had to offer, equalled "one college education." The first period was rigidity itself-the second free-' dom itself. But neither one worked happily. Freedom, it was found, might be as fallacious as rigidity. Something more was necessary. Individual needs and capacities must be studied to in- sure that type of education for which the student has a particular bent. With this realization came our pres- ent "stage" in American education- individual attention. To meet the earlier charge of ed- ucational mechanization by offering All colleges, today, endeavor< to of-z fer the student free and constant con- sultation with professors. From the freshman's first days, the spirit is one of helpfulness and collaboration, Each institution worth its salt has a. system of advisers or counsellors who hold office hours ,and often invite students to their homes. Tutors in the dormitories are available when mostf needed. Counsellors stand ready to help in matters of social adjustment and vocational information. Rarely are students compelled to seek out these officers; they may make suchT use of this help as they wish. Andt the student who does utilize this as- sistance, constantly makes new ad- justments in interests and habits, which become a vital part of his ex- perience. The purpose is not tot check, but to help the student dis- cover his own weakness and powers. The curriculum today, is neither so rigid as a hundred, nor so free as forty years ago. It is proportionedJ roughly into thirds: a required third,s usually in language, literature, sci- ence and the social sciences; a third in free electives, and a third in some "field of concentration" to insure familiarity with the broad aspects of one realm of learning. "Diversifica-1 tion with concentration" are the watchwords here. To secure attention to individual capacities, some of the frequently used devices are: 1. Proficiency examinations. By this means students who have ad- vanced skill in special subjects are encouraged to take examinations. If sufficient command of the subject is established, the student is excused. from taking the course. 2. Comprehensive examinations. To insure something more than a memorized command of the subject, the student must evince power of coordination, synthesis, and original thinking. 3. Independent study. The more able are encouraged to follow up a! subject through original work in the library or laboratory. For this they are granted "credit" toward a degree. 1 4. Reading periods. In the upper- class years, students are frequently dismissed, for short periods, from the formal classroom, for reading, corre- lation, and conference-work in a par- ticular subject. This gives reign to independence and self-reliance. 5. Fields of concentration. To in-' sure command of some one phase of learning, colleges offer large units of related work and encourage the elec- tion of some one of these, for which the student's enthusiasm and capa- Kindly call at 201 Mason Hall for your registration material. Bureau of Appointments and Oc- cupational Information. Freshmen (students who have less than 24 hours) and sophomores (24 hours to Concentration) in the Col- ege of Literature, Science, and the Arts who expect credit for courses pursued during the Summer Session must check their present elections with the limitations on elections for freshmen and sophomores on pages 60 and 61 of the College Announce- ment for 1935-36. Courses elected during the summer which conflict with the regulations just referred to will not be credited toward the de- grees granted by the College. Any necessary changes of elections should be made by Wednesday, July 8th. Erich A. Walter, Acting Assistant Dean. Michigan Repertory Players: The third play of the summer series will open Wednesday evening when the Players will present the comedy- drama "Post Road." Reservations may now be made at the box office, which ii be open today from 10 un- il 5. Excursion No. 2 Wednesday, July 8. The Ford Plant. Inspection of the various Ford industries at River Rouge. Round trip by special bus. Reservations in Office of the Sum- mer Session, Room 1213 Angell Hall by Tuesday, July 7, 5 p.m. Private cars making trip report directly to the Rotunda Bldg., on Schaefer Rd. Leave from in front of Angell Hall at 12:45 p.m. Return to Ann Arbor 5:30 p.m. Total cost $1.25. Tap Class for Men and Women: A mixed tap class will be offered on Tuesday and Thursday evenings at 7:30 p.m. in Barbour Gymnasium. Students in Physical Education: Men and women students registered in physical education are cordially in- vited to attend a luncheon at the Union on Wednesday, July 8 at 12 o'clock. New Graduate Students in Educa- tion: The School of Education is giv- ing a reception and tea to those spe- cializing in education who are on the campus as graduate students for the first time this summer. It will be held in the libraries of the University Elementary School Wednesday after- noon, July 8, from 5 to 6 p.m. Students, College of Literature, Science and the Arts: No course may be elected for credit after the end of the second week. Saturday, July 11 is therefore the last date on which new elections may be approved. The willingness of an individual instructor to admit a student later would not affect the operation of this rule. Pi Lambda Theta Tea: Thursday from 4:30 to 5:30 p.m. at the Uni- versity Elementary School Library. Members from any chapter are cor- dially invited to attend. Candidates for the Master's Degree in History: The language examina- tion for the Master's Degree in His- tory will be given at 4 p.m., Friday, Aug. 7, in Room B ,Haven. Students are urged to take this examination if possible during the first summer school or semester of their candidacy for a Master's Degree. The examin- ation is one hour in length and stu- dents are requested to bring their own dictionaries.Copies of past ex- aminations may be seen in the base- ment Study Hall of the Library. Reg- istration for this examination must be made before July 31 in the History Department Office, 119 Haven Hall. A. E. R. Boak. Summer Session Mixed Chorus meets at Morris Hall from 7 to 8 p m. All singers in the University and community are welcome. David Mattern. Wanted: Persons to act as subjects for visual acuity tests, one or two (non-consecutive) hours daily, 45c per hour. Persons who will be able to continue this work throughout the following academic year preferred. See Mrs. Donahue, 425 or 4138 Na,- turalMScience Bldg., forenoons. Carl R. Brown. grees. In order to foster initiative and effort, colleges have instituted "hon- ors" work, whereby able students are allowed privileges as to the nature of the work done. These various plans, all point to but one objective-an effort to treat stu- dents as individuals by providing for individual capacities. Colleges are not machines; let's call them, rather, a sieve through which the strong and able student is sep- arated from those who simply go to college because they are sent. No college educates the student; but today, far more than ever, the college makes available to the stu4 dent, a- chance to educate himself. Colle es have never "given" learning The Fruits Of Higher Learning (From the Detroit Saturday Night) during his lifetime. He will better the earnings I nF +, _ : +1" -1, - a - sr 1, 1, -1, -1--I '