ESTABLISHED 1920 ol 4 r # ummrx l3Irhigan iIat MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS VOL. X. NO. 37. ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, AUGUST 12, 1930 PRICE FIVE CENT UN EED10.OF.FACTS Sociologist Asks More Respect for Statistics on Crime by Administrators. CITES RESEARCH VALUEJ Asserts Criminal Studies{ Usually Predict Riots of Prisoners. Can More respect for scientific re- search among public crime admin- istrators and more use of the re- sults of such research by these same authorities was urged by Prof. Arthur E. Wood of the Sociology .department inhis lecture on "Get- ting the Facts About Crime," pre- sented yesterday afternoon in the Natural Science auditorium. "There exists an amazing lack of ,interest among state officials on the1 value of statistics and the scientific study of crime," Professor Wood de-t clared. "The National Society of Penal Information published in 1929 the following data about the . conditions of the Ohio state prison where the recent fire occured. 'The -ancient plant at the state peniten- tiary in Columbus, one of the larg- est prison in the country, suffers ';from a condition of overcrowding. Prison Too Large It is too large a prison to be op- erated on any other lines than those of blanket treatment. The wpresent situation should not be tol- erated.' This report was published] a year before the fire. "Prison riots can usually be pre- dicted by criminal studies,"contin- ued.Professor Wood. "In making studies of crime two methods are< used:.thestatistical method andc thecae "history record of the in-E dividual. From these angles we can approach crime from a factual ba-j pis. In this country there has been entirely too much indifference to- wards statistical information. Police Chiefs Organize "In recent years police chiefs in1 many of -the large cities have or,- kanized with a view of obtaining facts about crime by a scientificl procedure. A vast amount of facts to the number of arrests, num- er of unsolved- crimes, number of ;rimes reported, and the number of crimes actually committed is se- lured. It was found that a large number of those committing crimesr r escaped conviction. When such ai :mall number of people are caught, why should we try to find out whaty * to do with them? The first problemc to face is the numbr who are notl caught. Crime occurs not in waves as some papers would have the1 public believe but in a steady vol-c ame. Crime occurs most frequently in certain neighborhoods regardlessI of what nationality may be livingI in the district.- "The second method of ap- Vroaching crime .study is by the, case method. This is the personal1 method of approach. It tries to find1 the relationship of the individual to the group,~the development of{ Crime in the individual, and to see the individual as a whole in regard 'to his temperament, will, and mind," concluded Professor Wood. Professor Wood has lectured ex- tensively in Michigan, particularly in Detroit, in addition to his work at the University, HUSSEY WILL GIVE GEOLOGYLECTUREj Prof. Russell C. Hussey of the geology department will deliver the ,University lecture for this after- noon, at 5 o'clock in the Natural1 Science auditorium. His subject will be "Animals of the Geologic Past." Professor Hussey has made an extensive study of the remains of animals found in the rocks, whose stage of evolution serve to place the time of formation of the geo- logic strata. The lecture will be amplified by illustrations which take up this correlation of the geo- j logical and biologicalpast. There will be only one more lec- .ture on the Summer Session se- ties; that of Prof. Bruno Meineke Upsets Expectations To Win Nomination - "" .''%i...:s :i"} . :.:.{ .r';}}.Maf.7 Frank Haucke, Who surprised all the dopesters by winning the Kansas guberna- torial nomination from Clyde Reed, the present incumbent of the office. Haucke's margin of victory was about 35,000 votes. The nomina- tion is considered certain to bring with it the governorship. COAL MINE AREAS BOMBEDBY PLAE Drop Nine Bombs on Kentucky Town as Miners Go to Work; No Damage Caused. LAID TO UNEMPLOYMENT (By Associated Press) PROVIDENCE, Ky., Aug. 11.-A series of disorders in the Webster county coal fields culminated to- day in the bombing of mine prop- erty from an airplane. The mines were reopened July 1 after a three- months shut down because of in- dependent strikes over wages and working conditions. Nine bombs were dropped from an orange colored plane, believed to have carried two men, which flew over the town this morning as miners were going to work. Four bombs failed to explode. The five that did explode injured one and damaged no property but tore large holes in the ground. The bomber was described as a monoplane. Taken by surprise by the sudden air attack, Providence and Webster county were thrown into a state of intense excitement; only one of the 25 or 30 guards employed by the mines in the county had presence of mind enough to fire at the plane. He shot twice but without effect. The bomber departed in the direc- tion of Illinois, from which it came. All available deputy sheriffs con- trolled the mine property today, but there was little to be done un- less the plane returned. All mines resumed operations as usual. Op- erators said the mines will con- tinue to be operated as long is the situation permits. Webster county officials request- ed Gov. Flen D. Sampson to send National Guards here on three oc- casions after homes had been dy- namited and miners shot from am- bush. The Governor replied he felt local authorities could handle the situation. D. L. Walker, county attorney of Webster county, said Governor Sampson was not asked to send troops his previous refusals having discouraged officials of any hope from that quarter. There was no further comment forthcoming from the governor's office at Frankfort when he was informed of the bombing. A mass meeting was called here tonight to raise a fund for the ar- rest of the occupants of the plane. BASEBALL SCORES American League Boston 5, Detroit 1 Chicago 8, Philadelphia 3 St. Louis 10, New York 5 Washington 9, Cleveland 4 National League Pittsburgh 8, New York 5 Cincinnati 4, Philadelphia 2 Chicago 4, Boston 2 IJEFISOUTLINES PLATFORM IN RACE[1 Detroit Jurist Demands Better Farm Relief in Address Before 400 Here. ATTACKS BRUCKER MOVE Brands Administration's Inquiry in Buckley Murder Cheap Political Trick.' Judge Edward J. Jeffries is in the race for the governorship of Michigan with the purpose of using the prestige which the governorship will provide to whip into line all of the state's congressmen in a pro- gram for adequate farm relief, he told 400 Ann Arbor listeners in a talk here tonight. The Wayne county judge stressed not only farm relief and the need for stabilization of business by gov- ernmental price-fixing, but also ripped into the grand jury investi- gation in the Buckley murder and participation in this investigation by Attorney General Wilber M. Brucker, terming it an "attempted spectacular raid on Detroit to capi- talize the Buckley murder" and therefore "a cheap political trick." He also declared that law enforce- ment is no special issue because 95 to 97 percent of the people are law- abiding. Further, he said both At- torney General Brucker and Alex J. Groesbeck "spent millions build- ing roads in the upper peninsula last week and soon will come down here to tell the people how they will reduce taxes - because the roads are all built here." Criticizes Former Governors The nation is in the worst cnd- tion that it has experienced since 1873, Judge Jeffries asserted, and while Governor Green and Mr. Groesbeck are accusing each other of leaving the state millions of dol- lars in the red, from 75 to 80 per- cent of the people of Michigan are totally in the red. Money is in the banks, he said, but the farmer has borrowed to the limit, the laborer has no employment and the indust- rialist doesn't dare borrow for fu- ture production, because he has no market for his product. Base Prices on Wheat Wheat, he declared, is selling at 59 and 61 cents in Kansas, is going into storage and next spring will cost from $1.25 to $1.75. In bread, it will cost $6.20 a bushel, he said. The solution, he contended, is that the government use not only a $500,000,000 revolving fund to pur- chase wheat, but increase the fund to $1,500,000,000, buy the wheat crop or 90 percent of it at $2.00 a bushel, to be paid to the farmer, and sell it back to the American consumer, making the sale at the time quota- tions on the Liverpool market are at a maximum. Should the Liver- pool market go over $2.00, the world market will absorb the crop, he de- clared, and should possibly ten per- cent of the yield have to go into the world market at a price less than $2.00, the loss will be small. All prices are based on the level of wheat, he said, and such pro- cedure will make buyers of from 30 to 40 million farmers, whose pur- chases will be made with prices at a sane level, and will restore pros- perity. Editor's Note-This is the third of series of interviews on the subject of the city water system and the feasibility of in- stalling a new supply plant. The articles will appear from time to time throughout the remainder of the Summer Session. "The water supply for Ann Arbor, should be taken from the river, fil- tered, and softened if the city is, "Ann Arbor citizens will have to pay a considerable amount of mon- ey to obtain such a system as I have mentioned." he said, "but in the long run it would save them even more in the economies that would be effected. Any other meth- Herbert Emerson, Bacteriology Professor, Advises Use of River Water in City System ever to have an adequate and prop- od than softening and filtering the er system," declared Prof. Herbert water taken from the river would W. Emerson of the Medical college be but a temporary makeshift, tid- in an interivew yesterday. The de- ing the people over a short period. clarant is professor-of bacteriology Like all maxeshifts, it would be ex- and director of the Pasteur insti- pensive." tute in the University. As such he Professor Emerson pointed out has made a careful study of bacte- f some of the troubles and difficulties ria and germs that may be con- that are caused by the type of wa- tained in the water and is well ac- ter now being used in the homes quainted with local conditions. and industries of the community. He stressed the need for an imme- diate and complete change. LiI we are going to continue to dig wells, and depend on a ground water supply," he continued, "we r Y T O I ES will eventually find ourselves obliged to build a softening and filtering plant, and to draw from Cambridge Professor Supports the river, because of the inadequacy Theory That Two Kinds of a ground water supply. REPORT DRIEST SEASON -7- i INDUSTRIAL HEADS DESCRHIBE DROUGHT DANGER TO HOOVER 1American Red Cross, Railroad, Farm Executives Confer With President. of Valency Exists. RELATES DEVELOPMENT Addressing a gathering of chem-1 ists yesterday, Dr. T. M. Lowrey, professor of physical chemistry at Cambridge University, England, of- fered his proof of the general prop- osition that there are "two kinds of valence." Dr. Lowrey opened his discussion with a resume of the historical steps in the development of the present theories of the nature of chemical combinations. In the ear- ly days, he pointed out, Lavoisier; was convinced from his experiments that oxygen was the key to the whole story. Successive steps in the develop- ment of the science proposed: that bonds of elements are fixed in numbers that the bonds are fixed in direction; that the bonds are fixed in length; that the bonds are fixed in strength. Then Werner studied the valence numbers and co-ordination numbers of elements with chlorine or hydrogen and de- termined that the affinity is an at- tracting force acting from the cen- ter of the atom and is of equal val- ue all over; that separate units of valence do not exist, Dr. Lowrey said. The work of Mosley and Thomp- son, he continued, developed the theory of rings containing charges and determined the numbers of charges in each ring. Later came the electronic theory of valency and the two ideas of combination, electron transfer and electron shar- ing. The electron transfer theory, he said, applies to inorganic com- binations, while the electron shar- ing theory explains organic com- pounds. State Drops Proposed Buckley Case Reward (By Associated Press) LANSING, Aug. 11.-A propo- sal by Representative Vincent T. Dacey, of Detroit, that the State offer a reward of $50,000 for the murderer of Gerald Buckley, De-f troit radio announcer, was rejected by the state administrative board today. In its place, $1,000 was ad- ded to the rewards already offered. ST. LOUISFLYERS NEAR NEW RECORD Jackson, O'Brine Must Remain] in Flight Only Until 9:52 x Wednesday Morning. HUNTERS VISIT AIRPORT (By Associated Press) ST. LOUIS, Aug. 11.-Dale Jack- son and Forrest O'Brine wereE counting off the hours tonight as they came nearer and nearer thel 554 hour endurance flight mark held by the Hunter brothers ofE Sparta, Ill.1 First it was. weeks, then days, and now it is only a matter ofE hours until the record taken toE Chicago from St. Louis will be back here again. If the "Greatert St. Louis" plane is still in the air at 9:52 a. m. c.s.t., Wednesday, Jackson and O'Brine will have ex- ceeded the Hunter brothers' mark by one hour as required under rules governing endurance flights. If the St. Louis airmen establish a new endurance record, it prob- ably will be witnessed by the flyers who are losing it, for the Hunter brothers arrived at Lambert, St. Louis field today and expect to re-" main several days. The Jackson-O'- Brine flight has cost the Hunter brothers $100,000 in potential con- tract, their manger, Harry Perkins, said, but they do not contemplate, another endurance flight. The "Greater St. Louis" plane had been aloft 513 hours at 4:11 p.m. today. "The engine 'is running fine," O'Brine said over the radio this, morning. , "We are having a lot of fun out of this flight. Just two more days and we will be sailing down hill." The flyers intend to stay in the air eight days beyond the present mark, and to set a record of about 750 hours that will discourage ri- val endurance flyers.' Jackson and O'Brine were heart- ened today with the first prospects; of financial returns for their ven- ture. The oil company from which they are buying their oil announc- ed it would give them $100 an hour for 70 hours after they break the existing record. A national radio chain is also negotiating for broadcasting rights. Plans for a fireworks display at the flying field Wednesday night if the record is broken were com- pleted today. The celebration will be financed by commercial flying concerns which have done a brisk business in sight-seeing tours dur- ing the flight. Our VeathefAn ~wil/ Feed, Corn, Hay, Grain Harvest May Be Smallest in Years, Is Prediction. (By Associated Press) WASHINGTON, Aug. 11.-The se- riousness of the drought situation in certain areas was emphasized to President Hoover today by a long line of callers including Chairman Payne of the American Red Cross, while the Department of Agricul- ture reported crop prospects had declined almost seven percent in July as a result of a protracted dry weather. Meanwhile, the government pro- ceded with plans to relieve farmers in distress and to insure against possible spread of disease. Railroad executives continued to offer aid through reduced freight rates and Alfred T. Bohm, general counsel of the Association of Rail- road Executives, called at the White House to determine the President's plan. Plan Conference Secretary Hyde conferred with Mr. Hoover late in the day and went over details for the confer- ence of governors of 12 states here Thursday. Replies of acceptance from all 12 governors to the Presi- dent's invitation were on hand, that of Governor Weaver of Nebraska, being the last to arrive. Governor Weaver had said he might not come, but informedthe President today he would be present. Samuel H. Thompson, president of the American Farm Bureau fed- eration; C. E. Huff, president of the National Farmers' union; and Louis J. Traber, master of the National Grange, were called by the Presi- dent to a White House conference Friday to discuss the situation. Chairman Legge of the Farm board also will be present. The agriculture department re- ports said a "rather wide belt from the Middle Atlantic states westward to the Mississippi valley" had ex- perience the "driest growing sea- son on record." Yields Are Subnormal While the shortage is chiefly in feed crops, the report said, esti- mates of yields per acre on the basis of conditions August 1 were 5.5 percent below last year and 9.1 percent under the last 10-year av- erage. The corn crop was expected to be the smallest since 1901 with hay and grain and sorghum likely to be reduced to the lowest yield in 10 years. The feed shortage was described as "accentuated by pastures far poorer than in any previous sum- mer months for. 50 years or more, with many farmers already com- pelled to feed hay and new corn." A report said the drop had been felt farther north, as the season progressed, and was now affecting even New York and Michigan. "It is hurting most late fruits and vegetables except where they are irrigated," it added. "It is daily re- ducing prospects for corn, flax seed, peanuts, sweet potatoes, tobacco, Arkansas rice, cotton west of Ala- bama, and various other crops." RUMANIAN RULERS WILL UNITE SOON (By Associated Press) VIENNA, Aug. 11.-Reconciliation between King Carol and Queen Helen of Rumania was reported to be only: a matter of hours in mes- Ssagesreceived here today from the royal summer palace at Sinai where the king is staying. The messages said the Queen now had- been pursuaded of the correct- ness of the King's view that their divorce never had been legal. If the reports are accurate, noth- ing appears to stand in the way of the coronation of the royal couple in September or October.' King Tacoma-to-Tokio Flyers Make Forced at Vancouver When Motor Trouble LandingI Develops1 (By Associa VANCOUVER, B. C., Aug. 11.- Bob Wark and Eddie Brown, Ta- coma-to-Tokio flyers, were forced down here Sunday en route to Whitehorse, Yukon territory, but' planned to resume their aerial trip from Ladner Airport today. The flyers took off at'11:33 a. m. I (2 p. n., Ann Arbor time) Sunday from Tacoma Field, but air in the gas lines of their big Fokker bi- plane, "Pacific Era," forced them to land at Vancouver on Lulu is- land about 2 p. m. Vancouver is ap- proximately 150 miles from Ta- coma by air. Wark said satisfactory repairs had been made and he and Brown ated Press) cause of the longer runway af- forded. They expected to take off for Whitehorse, approximately 1,000 miles distant, in time to reach their destination by late afternoon. He estimated it would take 10 or 11 hours to make the trip. Wark's announced itinerary in- cluded Fairbanks and Nome, Alas- ka, and Petropavlovsky, Siberia, as refueling points, en route to Tokio. The trip outlined from Tacoma to Tokio is approximately 5,400 miles. Wark, leader of the expedition, carried a gold watch as a gift from Tacoma citizens to the emperor of Japan. He said he would give the watch to Lieut. Harold Bromley in