PAGE TWO THE SUMMER MICHIGAN DAILN SUNDAY, AUGUST 4, 1929 Published every morning except Monday during the University Summer Session by the Board in Control of Student Publications. The Associated Press is exclusively en- titled to the use for republication of all news, dispatches credited to it or not otherwise' credited in this paper and the local news pub- lished herein. Intered at the Ann Arbor, Michigan, postoffice as second class matter. Subscription by carrier. $z.so; by mall $2.00 Offices: Press Building, Maynard Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan. EDITORIAL STAFF Telephone 4925 MANAGING EDITOR LAWRENCE R. KLEIN Editorial Director.........Howard F. Shout Women's Editor ...........Margaret Eckels City Editor .....................Charles Askren Books Editor ........... Lawrence R. Klein, Sports Editor..........S. Cadwell Swanson Night Editors Howard ?. Shout S. Cadwell Swanson Charles Askr Assistant. Ben Manson Ross Gustin Dorothy Magee Paul Showers Deirdre McMullan Walter Wilds Harold Warren en tS L'dru Davis Margaret Harris William Mahey Marguerite Henry Rhea Coudy BUSINESS STAFFj Telephone 21214 BUSINESS MANAGER LAWRENCE E. WALKLEY Assistant Business Manager............Vernor Davis Publications Manager........................Egbert Davis Circulation Manager...........Jeanette Dale Accounts Manager_.......................Noah Bryant SUNDAY, AUGUST 4, 1929 Night Editor ........ LEDRU DAVIS BRITAIN AND EGYPT Great Britain has at last awak- ened to the realization that much of her foreign policy is out-moded, and this with especial reference to her influence in Egypt. With the recent resignation of Baron Lloyd of Dolobran as the British High Commissioner to Egypt has come a step that will do much to further an amiable attitude toward the Un- ion Jack in the Near East. Anomalous and ridiculous as her position has been since the treaty of 1922, the "Independent Kingdom of Egypt" has been taking long strides to assert herself as a self- governing power, despite strictures imposed by Lord Lloyd in main- taining the four remarkable rights of the British Crown. Chief among movers for the new policy toward the African kingdom is Arthur Henderson, Laborite Foreign Secre- tary, who after a conference with Lord Lloyd announced that he in- tended to regularize Anglo-Egyp- tian relations on a peaceful basis with an Egyptian Government ac- tually representative of the na- tion. With this announcement from the British Foreign Office comes the remembrance of Great Brit- ain's opposition to the Wilson-is- tic Fourteen Points and her sum- mary disposal of the rioting in 1919. British interests in the Near East require (1) Retention of the Su- dan, (2) Maintenance of an Army of Occupation on the Suez, (3) British protection of foreign inter- ests and citizens in Egypt, (4) Pro- tection of Egypt against foreign ag- gression. Despite Secretary Hen- derson's announcement it is still a question whether the "Indepen- dent Kingdom" has progressed far enough along the way of self-gov- ernment to warrant confidence placed in her with the cessation of Great Britain's domineering poli- cy and of how long it will be< possible for the Empire to keep her1 hands out of the Egyptian pie. E EDUCATION IN POLITICS With the rising importance of the United States in World Af- fairs it has become more and moret imperative that the nation shouldt be able as a whole fully and com- petently to understand the ramifi- cations of World Politics and es-z pecially those of the individual for-! eign powers. Despite this need, however, the nation as a whole has not yet come to realize this need, and there is evident among the hoi poloi a detached curiosity andL general attitude of indifference and willful ignorance. Especially is this t true further inland where pro-o nounced Americanism takes pre-t cedence over intelligent and sym-t pathetic understanding of Euro- v pean political situations.n As a remedy of this tendency, in- c stitutions over the country are $ coming more and more to discuss P foreign relations and to invite t speakers in this field. Most im- r portant in this movement is the e Institute of Politics which is held t every summer at Williamstown, s Massachusetts. under the ausnices P ly partly under those of the state. Through these conferences much has been done to popularize the foreign point of view and to eliminate the provincial attitude, but the scope of influence has not been able to extend over the en- tire country for obvious reasons. Except for intelligent and educat- ed thinkers inhabitants of the Wes- tern states are unmoved and con- tinue in their beliefs that things foreign consist merely of unwhole- some and decadent politics, Paris- ian dresses, and salacious litera- ture The University of Michigan with its abundant advantages and in- I tellectual supremacy in the Middle West would do well to follow the example of the Williams college and would be able to accomplish I much in the way of overcoming the provincial frame of mind, the Detroitism which is beginning to be found not only in Michigan but in neighboring states. Foreign pol- itics cannot help affecting the West as much as the East, and it is rather surprising and reprehensi- ble that the University has been] soi behind hand in realizing its opportunities for gaining prestige as being one of the more advanced educational institutions. 0 WAS THE SYSTEM TO BLAME? The viciousness of the recent pri- son rebellion at Auburn brought again into prominence the question of the feasibility of the Mutual Welfare League plan of self-gov- ernment in our state prisons, for it has been tried there for some years. 'The League as the result of a week's experience in Auburn in 1913, originated under the auspices of Thomas Mott Osborne, at that time president of the board of trustees of the George Junior Re- public. The machinery of self-gov- ernment, as we see it, lies in the hands of 49 delegates elected every six months from the shops com- prising the prison. To an admin- istrative board of 9 members se- lected by the delegates is entrusted the administration of the League. The responsibility of maintaining order gravitates to the various com- mittees and sergeants at arms ap- pointed by the executive board. A provision in the plan states that every candidate for office must be approved by the warden. Theoret- ically, this system, Mr. Osborne says, is an attempt to develop the manhood of the prisoners by sur- rounding them with an environ- ment as nearly as possible like that found in real life, and by teaching them a feeling of responsibility for the conduct of the group as well as for their own individual acts. This scheme, if properly manag- ed, sems to us to be perhaps one of the most scientific methods of prison regime, but the unexpected- ness of the recent uprising and the tenacity of the prisoners once they' had obtained a free swing seem to imply that the Mutual Welfare League as it functions in Auburn is inherently lacking in the proper methods of authoritative supervi- sion. Perhaps the convicts are made too vividly to realize the constant surveillance under whicht they are maintained through ser- ies of mental and physical tests1 made for observation. Perhaps the fact that under the League system the first offender is permitted anz easy, informal association with the1 hebitual criminal has been an in- fluence toward deterioration of1 character rather than toward im-l provement. A break-down in an1 apparently well-overhauled ma-1 chine necessitates serious investi- gation, and perhaps the prison su-- pervisory management would ben- eiit considerably by deep consid- eration.# ~----- A JUSTIFIED WALK-OUT With the growing tendency for capital to organize and for indus-t try to expand, labor has gradually become more highly organized andc has found it necessary to seekf means of protecting itself againstN unreasonable hours of work, lowC wages, unsanitary conditions, andE arbitrary employers. The strikec and collective bargaining haveC been the weapons most effectivelyt used. The half-million Lancashire tex- tile strikers are to be commended C on their courageous persistency ino their walk-out protesting against1 the 12 1-2 per cent wage reductiona which was imposed by the cotton n mill owners last Saturday. This de- i rease in wages, estimated at about 1.24 per week for men and 72 cents t er week for women, would makeL he average weekly income of theS men only $9.84 and of the women o mployees, $6.48. One is inclined i] o question whether such a meager w alary is a living wage and to sym- t athize wholeheartedly with the f About Books FESTSCHRIFTE, THE FRED NEWTON SCOTT AN- NIVERSARY PAPERS, The Uni- versity of Chicago Press. This volume would bear more appropriately the German title of Festschrifte than that of "Anni- versary Papers," which rather sug- gests past time, whereas, nothing strikes up more forcefully as we re- flect over the volume than the evi- dence of an influence which will continue for many years. The book, then, ought to represent an occa- sion for rejoicing; and the essays really are Festschrifte, from the pleasant memories of Professor Scott's classroom by Professor Helen Mahin to the celebration in the final essay by the late Professor H. S. Mallory of the artist developing his "dream processes" into forms which transcend the subjective, so that "the work of art is designed to make something which is not the artist stand forth free and solid from the mist or mold of cir- cumstance." Not all the essays concern the abstruse problems of aesthetics. There is an interesting and well documented article by Professor Fries on the sparing use of adject- ives in the King James Bible. Not only does the avoidance of adject- ives make for a sturdy homely style -a true people's book-but it makes possible such effective rhythms as "a rod of iron" for "iron rod," and "a man of sorrows and acquainted with grief." Professor Everett, in an essay as neatly written as it is argued, presents a solution of "The Mytery of Edwin Drood' which not only convinced me, but proved more thrilling reading than Dick- ens's story itself. Professor Ada Snell contributes a study of "Chris- tabel" which defends Coleridge's own interpretation of the meter. Some of the arguments seem to me nonchalant (see, for example, page 102), and I cannot always agree as to the reading of particular lines, but the method is sound, and the essay should be- read by everyone who is trying to convey an under- standing of poetry to youthful minds. Professor Denton establishes the famou "principle of economy" in Spencer's "Philosophy of Style" as a natural product of Spencer's ear- ly training and intellectual traits; he traces the promulgation of the principle to an earlier esay o1' Spencer's, now lost, and indeed to Campbell's "Philosophy of Rheto- ric" from which Spencer borrowea. The closing paragraphs of the "Philosophy of Style" suddenly en- large and vitalize the meaning of economy so as to admit a rich and varied style as the acme of literary art. This passage Professor Denton shows to be an addition to the ear- ly essay (otherwise pretty faithfully copied in the "Philosophy of Style") attesting " Spencer's intellectual growth and especially the influence of the doctrine of evolution. It strikes me that this "dynamic" principle is hardly an improvement on the earlier "static" view: any one man who wrote, in various moods, like Junius, Lamb, and Car- lyle, would be a literary monster. There are three studies in literary history. Professor Fletcher sup- ports with a careful review of the biographical and literary evidence' Grierson's late dating of Milton's poem "Ad Patrem." Professor Bates writes a most informative and react- able essay on Shelley's youth, his escape from a dull, hard world into the thrilling atmosphere of the "School of Horror" novels. Shelley's own horrific tale of "Zastrozzi" shows him completely drenched in the morbid stuff, but still clinging to religious orthodoxy in that sea of villainy. His early verse on equally forbidding t h e m e s is' wretchedly written and not infre- quently plagiarized from Byron, Chatterton, Gray, and Scott. The essay is a valuable contribution to' our understanding of the Shelley of "Queen Mab" and "Prometheus Unbound." Closely related with this essay is Professor Solve's sounct and definitive study of Shelley and Charles Brockden; Brown. Profess- or Solve judiciously decides that he points of similarity are due to a common background in the ro- mantic generation, not to borrow- ings from Shelley's favorite novelist. More closely related to rhetorical heory are the essays on "The Laughable in Literature", by H. P. Scott, on "Allusion and Style", by )akley Johnson, and the two most cmpressive essays in the volume which are contributed by the edi- ors, Charles E. Whitmore and Pro- 'o .n f 1 ri+Lrtr AX. '7Tni we., somewhat austerely written investi- gation of the "Approaches to Literary Theory." Distinguishing three approaches, the historical, the psychological, and the scien- tific, he makes what seems to me a fair evaluation df the historical and linguistic study of literature as a means to understanding and appreciation. Psychology throes light on "the processes of literary creation, the spiritual autobiog- raphy of individual writers, ana the conditions of literary success." The scientific approach Professor Whitmore regards as entirely dis- credited, since i the material can never be satisfactorily controlled. The true approach to literary theo- ry, then, is a combination of the historical and the psychological: the study emphdsizes the important point that an adequate theory of literature cannot be attained by any one method, or the examination of any one element. This broad at- titude makes it all the more puzzl- ing to me that the writer should dismiss with such chill depreciation the early efforts of psycho-analysis in the field. Surely in building, as he wisely does, for the future, Mr. Whitmore should not leave out of account a method which may be able to tell us much about the mind of reader and writer alike. Professor Thorpe wrestles with the exceedingly difficult problem of the nature of the aesthetic ex- perience. His essay is particularly interesting in that it devotes con- siderable attention to contemporary literaure, though his method at times forces him to consider writers of precarious or transitory reputa- tion. Pofessor Thorpe rightly in- sists that the aesthetic experience, is not a rare or difficult state of mind achieved only by unpleasant I arty people. Developing the cen- tral idea of his book on Keats, he defines the aesthetic experience as a moment of expanded and clarifiea vision, in which one transcends the limited and confused understand- ing of reality and truth which is our usual mental state. In brief, he who sees beauty, sees truth. A volume which contains so many readable and suggestive essays de- serves good printing and binding. The editors have chosen excellent type, and the binding makes it a handsome volume for table or shelf. The proof-reading, though not per- fect, will trouble no one except the writers sinned against. And one must not forget the competent preface by Professor Rankin, nor the extensive bibliography of Pro-I fessor Scott's work at the end' which gives some idea of the range of -his intellectual activity. N. E. Nelson. THE FASHION PLATE Starting Today Wuerth "Oh, p lease do soehn! te a, o mm I R l lO Q r IMAGINE Dix talking on the screen for the first time. 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