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Sixty-Eighth Year
-l .. EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
hen Opinions Are Free UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
Truth Will Prevail"' STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * phone NO 2-3241
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.

Thne Necessary Pushcart
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AT RACKHAM:
Woodwind Quintet
Performs Skillfully
rjIrE FEWER than 200 people who braved wind and well below frees-
ing temperature to attend last evening's performance of the Uni-
versity Woodwind Quintet were more than amply rewarded for their
troubles.
This is a very fine performing group, and although a woodwind
quintet (which is actually four woodwinds and one brass) is a more
unusual combination than a string quartet, it is equally deserving of
acclaim and support.
The program consisted of two classical and three contemporary

DAY, DECEMBER 11. 1957

NIGHT EDITOR: MICHAEL KRAFT

The Phantom of 'More Precise'

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Grading System Discussed

'HE STUDENT Government Council's "more
precise" grading system proposed for the
.erary College is a phantom. \
The proposal calls for adding .3 of an honor
int for a plus 'grade and subtracting .3 for a
rus grade. This system implies a precision
ich just isn't there. Particularly in the intro-
etory courses where a crowd of 400 people
:es the lecturer, and two or three teaching
lows read and correct the examinations, it
pears that the present A, B, C system is even
precise.
[he fault of the proposal does not lie, as
ne have said, in the examination as a
ans of measuring the student's ability, but
her in the numbers of students to be ranked
d 'in the fact that the average instructor
es not know the students he teaches. Theie
those students who can write a good ex-
ination, yet who rarely contribute to dis-
sion. If a more precise grading system in-
des, as it should, additional measures of the
.dent's ability such as class discussion, this
uld undoubtedly penalize many good stu-
nts. This situation is implied, but not neces-
'ily a part of more precise grading. It
ves to show, however, the complexity of de-
mining an exact grade.
:n upper level courses where the concen-
ting student presumably knows the instructor
d where the class is small, the professor can
>bably differentiate a B plus from an A
nus. It therefore appears that any precise
iding system should be confined to the junior
I senior years where it could do the most

THE EXAMINATION system is not at fault
in the determination of student ability, Our
educational system stresses examinations from
grade school on, and whether this be good
or bad, the student has learned to study for an
all-inclusive examination. This seems both the
fair and practical way to determine grades
and if an examination is carefully drawn up, it
can measure a student's ability accurately
enough for the grading system now in use in
the Literary College.
One argument advanced fox' the new grad-
ing system is that it would decrease the con-
sequences of "just missing" a higher grade.
What is ;meant by this cannot be determined
certainly, but if the plus shows you just missed
the higher grade, the minus shows you just
missed the lower one. The results will probably,
in the long run, tend to cancel out one another,
and the resulting average be approximately as
it would be under the present system.
The benefit of the plan, giving graduate
schools a more precise record of the student,
appears erroneous. In the first place it is
doubted whether the system is, in fact more
precise. Secondly even if it were more precise, it
would probably yield about the same average
that he would have had anyway.
The more precise grading system will have
no advantage over the present system. Its only
tangible result would be more ulcers among
faculty members from trying to separate the
pluses from the minuses in the 400-student lec-
ture sections.

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ONE-THIRD OF CLASS TIME:
Soviet Schools Stress Science

works; indeed, two of the works. we
Arbor, and were thus given pre-
miere performances last night.
The Beethoven Quintet, op. 71
was the opening work on the
program. The opening, sonorous
Adagio and the following amiable
Allegro were, I felt, slightly ham-
pered by the physical coldness of
the instruments. This quality dis-
appeared entirely as the concert
progressed and both audience and
instruments thawed.
The Adagio second movement
displayed some fine horn playing
by Clyde Carpenter in what often
amounted to solo horn with wind
accompaniment( The following
Menuetto was interspersed with
a charming hunting call, with
melodic interplay between the
four winds.
THE MALIPIERO Sonata a
Quattro, from the opening mea-
sure was a completevcontrast to
the Beethoven in every way. It
opens with a confusion of sound
containing a short passage or two
which I recognized to be fugal in
form. From there it developed into
a more lyrical Lento, which was
much easier to follow,
In fact, throughout the piece, I
found that the slower and lyrical
portions were comprehensible and
hence more enjoyable. In these
sections there was some fine en-
semble playing, as well as long
melodic passages for Florian
Mueller on the oboe.
The lively closing section con-
tained extremely fetching bits for
both flute and oboe, followed by
a bandying back and forth of a
catchyrhythmic idea. The open-
ing' and closing with the same few
measures, played full voice, as it
were, gave it a very solid and wel-
come sense of unity.
THE SECOND half of the pros
gram consisted of the Mozart Di-
vertimento No. 8, K. V. 213, and
the first Ann Arbor performance
of the Doran Theme, variations,
and double fugue.
The Mozart Divertimento is a
charming work from beginning to
end. In its simple melodic and har-
monic structure lie the intricacies
which could have been' imposed
only by such a genius. This must
be played with utmost skill and
finesse, since the least slip or vari-
ation is immediately discernible
between the deceptively strong yet
simple framework- The perform-
ance of this work was the high
spot of the evening.
Beethoven and Mozart were def-
initely the high points of the pro-
gram, having snore intrinsic musi-
cal value and appeal than do the
contemporary (and consequently
untried) works.
The quintet, however, must be
given due credit for its inclusion
of these contemporary numbers
and their excellent interpretation
of these works'
-Allegra Branson

-ROBERT JUNKER
Stevenson A Wise Politician

never before performed in Ann
DAY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
The Daily Official Bulletin is an
off icial publication of the Univer-
sity of Michigan for which the
Michigan Daily assumes no edi-
torial responsibility. Notices should
be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3519 Administration Build-
ing, before 2 p.m. the day preceding
publication. Notices for Sunday
Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday.

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BEHIND ADLAI E. STEVENSON'S recent
declination of a trip to the Paris NATO
conference, there can be found an interesting
note on American bipartisanship and an equally
interesting, and perhaps fallible, indication of
the future intentions of the man who has been
twice defeated by President Eisenhower.
To review briefly, Mr. Stevenson was invited
by the Administration to study and comment
on the agenda for the forthcoming NATO meet-
ing. This task he performed diligently. Then,
last week, the former Illinois governor was
invited to actually sit in on the Paris talks. Mr.
Stevenson refused on the grounds that as a
member of the United States delegation he
would be identified with some decisions with
which he could not agree.
Although some observers have offered other
explanations, including a possible feud between
Mr. Stevenson 'and Vice-President Nixon, or
the fact that the White House offer was awk-
ward and confusing, it is the feeling here that
Mr. Stevenson's reason is the most valid.

He has handled well all the responsibilities
assumed in taking the position of "advisor."
Had he gone farther, so far, that is, as to
accompany the troupe to Paris, he would have
been seemingly aligning the Democratic party
behind the Eisenhower brand of foreign policy.
It would be difficult, if not impossible, to openly
disagree with any American suggestions at
such an international conference. For these
reasons, he was wise in declining the invitation.
There is an important implication to be found
in the matter. Mr. Stevenson has always been
a wise man. By his present actions he has
shown that he also remains an active politi-
cian. In some minds, the question of his eyeing
a public office in 1960 has arisen. This may
well be the case. However, it is very doubtful
he will aim for the presidency again. But if the
Democrats are victorious, Mr. Stevenson could
quite logically assume an influential cabinet
position, perhaps Secretary of State.
-THOMAS HAYDEN

(EDITOR'S NOTE: HOw does the
Russian school system differ from the
American approach to education?
Why is it turning out so many top-
notch scientists and technicians?
Following is the second, of two ar-~
ticles in an authoritative rundown on
Soviet education, which is producing
a corps of highly trained young Com-
munists.)
By THOMAS P. WHITNEY
Associated Press Foreign News Analyst
THE PLACE which science occu-
pies in the Soviet schools is
worth particular note. A Russian
student who graduates from the
"10th grade has already acquired a
thorough knowledge of physics,
chemistry and biology and has
learned rudiments of astronomy
and psychology.
In addition, he has had a full
grounding in mathematics, and
has received instruction in me-
chanical drawing and a good deal
of practical technology.
* * *
BY THE 10th grade, a Ri-ssian
student is spending one-third of
his classroom time on science and
another quarter of his time on
math, mechanical' drawing and
applied technology. This means
that a graduate from secondary
school who wishes to become a
technician, engineer or scientist
has already a good start toward
such a career.
Technicians are trained in spe-
cial secondary schools which stu-
dents enter for a three-or four-

year course after their seventh
grade of general school. These
are called technicians or special
secondary schools. There are about
4,000 of them with two million
students. Currently some 600,000
students are admitted to them
each year.
Their graduates have acquired
a profession and are ready to go
immediately to work.
The number of secondary school
graduates admitted to higheredu-
cational-institutions is limited. For
example, in the school year of
1954-1955 there were 1,100,000 stu-
dents in the 10th grade. In Sep-
tember of 1955, only 286,000 stu-
dents were admitted for regular
attendance at higher educational
institutions.
* * *
THE TOTAL of students in the
Soviet Union at higher education-
al institutions -- institutes and
universities -- runs about two mil-
lion, but of these only 60 to 70 per
cent are full-time students in ac-
tual attendance. The remainder
are correspondence students, who
consist largely of persons already
employed in full-time jobs study-
ing in their spare time.
Thus only the best students
graduating from secondary school
can get into higher education.
All Soviet higher education is
training for a particular profes-
sion, and engineering and science
are heavily emphasized. There's

no such thing in Russia as a lib-
eral arts education.
Most Soviet students in insti-
tutes and universities receive
scholarships paying their tuition
and some of their living expenses.
But in return for this they must,
when they graduate, accept as-
signments wherever the Soviet
government chooses to send them.
Higher education takes from
four to six years for a diploma.
IN THE sciences, however, even
after such a course, the student
often continues in graduate work
- mostly research - for another
three to four years to receive the
title of candidate of sciences -
equivalent to an American Ph.D.
Completion of such a graduate
course fits a student to become a
teacher in higher education or a
research scientist. These profes-
sions are at the top of the Soviet
pay scale.
Children ifi Soviet schools work
hard, because even at an early age
thy are made to realize that suc-
cess in their life depends on suc-
cess in school.
The Soviet Union is spending
enormous amounts of money on
educating its young people in sci-
ence and technology. And this is
certainly one of the most impor-
tant reasons for recent Soviet sci-
entific and technological success-
es.

N.Y. Subway Strike

WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 11, 1957
VOL. LXVIII, NO. 69
General Notices
President and Mrs. Hatcher will hold
open house for students at their homes
wed., Dec. 11 from 4:00 to 6:00 p.m.
TIAA - College Retirement Equities
Fund. Participants in the Teachers
Insurance and Annuity Association re-
tirement program who wish to change
their contributions to the College Re-
tirement Equities Fund, or to apply for
or discontinue participation in the
Equities Fund, will be able to make
such changes BEFORE Dec. 13, 1957.
Staff members who have 1A or %5 of
the contributions to TIAA allocated to
CREF may wish to change to a 1i basis,
or go from the latter to a 1 or 's basis.
Please contact the Retirement Rec-
ords Office, 3511 Administration Build-
ing, Ext. 619.
While the facilities of the University
will operate in the usual manner during
the Christmas holidays, staff members
will have the opportunity for an extra
holiday on either, but not both of the
Tuesdays before Christmas or New
Years. Arrangements should be made
for a skeleton staff to work on the
Tuesday before Christmas so that as
many staff members as possible may
have that .day as an added holiday.
Staff members who are off the day
'before Christmas will be expected to
work the day before New Years Day.
Chicago Area Students are invited to
the luncheon meeting of the University
of Michigan Club of Chicago on Dec.
30 at 12:00 noon at Henrii's Restaurant
Chicago. Luncheon is free to students.
For reservations call Helen Long 3-0748
or Roy Lave 5-7128.'
Women's Hours: Women students will
have 1:30 a.m. permission on Sat., night,
Dec. 14.
The next "Polio Shot" Clinic for stu-
dents will be held Thurs., Dec. 12. on-
ly from 8:00 a.m. to 11:45 a.m. and 1:00
p.m. to 4:45 p.m., in the Health Service.
All students whose 2nd or 3rd shots are
due around this time are urged to take
advantage of this special clinic.
Students are reminded that it is not
necessary to obtain their regular clinic
cards. Proceed to Room 58 in the base-
ment where forms are available and
cashier's representatives are present. The
fee for injection is $1.00.
International Center Tea, sponsored
by International Student Association
and International Center, Thurs., De.
12 from 4:30 to 6:00 p.m. at the In-
ternational Center.
Student Government Council, Agenda,
Dec. 11, 1957, Council Room, 7:30 p.m.
Minutes of the previous meeting.
Officers' Reports: President - Letters
J-,Hop clarification.
Exec. Vice-President - Appointment,
Student Book Exchange programs
motion, Evaluation committees -
motion.
Admin. Vice-President - Committee
Chairmanships - motion, Committee
Advisors - motion.
Treasurer: Finance Committee; Stu-
dent Book Exchange, Fall 1957.
Campus Chest.-
Committee reports:
Student Activities Committee: Request
for recognition, Brazilian Club; Acti-
vities for consideration: J-Hop, 9-2,
Feb. 4; Dec. 12, 13 Congregational and
Disciples Guild, petition re discrim-
ination in Univ. housing,
National and International: Dec. 18,
Israeli-Am,, Chanuka, 8-10, Hillel.
Public Relations: Change of date, Chan-
cellor's Court Dance, Mar. 7 to Mar.
15.
Education and Social Welfare.
Old Business.
New Business: Student evaluation, Col-
lege and Departmental Policy Com-
mittee.
Members and constituents time.
Announcements. '
Adjournment. ,
Lectures
Institute of Public Administration. A
Social Seminar will be held on Wed.,
Dec. 11, at 8:00 p.m. in the East Con-
ference Room, Rackham Building.
Frank Blackford of the Employees' Re-
tirement System, formerly with the
State Liquor Control Commission, will
speak on "Problems of Regulatory Ad-
ministration." Open to the public,
Campus Public Lecture, Leland Stowe
will open his class, Journalism 230 -
Current world Affairs and Their Back-
ground Events, to the campus public
Thurs., De. 12, at 11 a.m. in Room 33,
Angell Hall. His topic will be "Soviet
Block - U.S. Competition: Their Ad
vantages and Disadvantages - and
Ours."
University Lecture commemorating
Joseph Conrad, sponsored by the Eng-
lish Department. Prof. Albert J. Guer-
ard, Jr. of Harvard University will lec-
ture on "The Self-Discovery of the Ar-
tist: Conrad and Faulkner" on Thurs.,

Dec. 12, at 4:10 p.m., in Aud. A, Angell
Hall.
Jobs for Sociology BA's will be dis-
cussed by Professors Sharp and Rabino-
vitz of the Sociology Department and
School of Social Work and by Miss Dow

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W HEN ONE man dies of a heart attack, five
others collapse and the biggest city in the
country is nearly paralyzed, there is definite
need for authoritative action against the group
responsible. Such a situation exists in New York
City at present, but it is safe to say that any
action taken will be halfway, conciliatory and
completely ineffective in the long run.
The Independent Motormen's Benevolent As-
sociation, by calling its second subway strike in
18 months, is the direct cause of the current
chaos in New York. Their reasons, are so com-
pletely insufficient that even the pro-labor ele-
ments in the city have sharply criticized the
walkout.
The union is not striking for higher wages,
more benefits or more jobs. The heart of the
controversy lies in the MBA's attempt to split
with the AFL-CIO Transport Workers Union
and become recognized by the New York Trans-
it Authority as the sole bargaining agent for
its members.
JURISDICTIONAL disputes such as this are
Uhardly new, and the question of deciding
which group is the legitimate representative of
New York's subway workers is neither here
nor there. For the very, fact of the subway
strike is proof enough that the MBA, because
of the irresponsibility it has exhibited, is en-
tirely unfit for recognition.
The New York subway system is the trans-
portational axis of the 2,500-square mile met-
Editorial Staff
PETER ECKSTEIN. Editor
JAMES ELSMAN, JR. VERNON NAHRGANG
Editorial Director City Editor
DONNA HANSON ................Personnel Director
TAMMY MORRISON ..... .......Magazine Editor '
EDWARD GERULDSEN . Associate Editorial Director
WILLIAM HANEY .............. ..EFeatures Editor
ROSE PERLBERG .................. Activities Editor
CAROL PRINS........ Associate Personnel Director
JAMES BAAD .......................... Sports Editor
BRUCE BENNETT........... Associate Sports Editor
JOHN HILLYER...........Associate Sports Editor
CHARLES CURTISS.............Chief Photographer

ropolitan area. Hundreds of thousands of peo-
ple use it daily; the great majority of the city's
vast business activity is conducted by commu-
ters. Wtihout subways, the city grinds to a
halt.
But more important is the actual physical
hazard involved in stranding thousands of
people in Manhattan. This was amply demon-
strated two years ago, when a wildcat walkout
at 4 p.m. -- just before the peak rush hours--
stopped traffic for miles in every direction out
of the city, and created a terrifying tangle.
Ambulances, police cars and fire engines
were hopelessly caught in the snarl. A down-
town fire spread to three adjacent buildings
before engines were able to get through the
streets, and three people died of heart attacks,
because ambulances could not reach them in
time.'
The current strike has not yet created that
dangerous a situation, but even if it does not,
there is little hope that a permanent solution
will be reached. The power of the unions is such
that New York's Mayor Robert F. Wagner will
almost certainly not take steps to prevent this
sort of thing from happening again.
STATE LAW forbids subway workers from.
striking, but this in itself is not enough.'New
York can no more do without its subway sys-
tem than it can without electricity or water.
There is no reason, then, why the law forbid-
ding unionization of such utilities should not be
applied to the transit system as well, particu-
larly since it applies to other government em-
ployes. It is hard to see where civil service
workers are any less entitled to strike than are
subway workers.
In the meantime, it is up to Mayor Wagner to
take drastic action to prevent a, complete shut-
down of the city's business, even if this means
putting other men on the job under the pro-
tection of the police.
It is not only the welfare of the people of
New York that needs safeguarding here. What
is also necessary at this point is an affirma-
tion of the sovereignty of the municipal gov-
ernment. The jurisdictional dispute between
the unions and the city must end in victory by
the latter. Right now, it is 'losing because of

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:
Drinking Ban, SE Asia Delegation Discussed
I e

'A

Middle Ground ,. ,
To the Editor:
IT SEEMS that perhaps some
middle ground should be pre-
sented on the recent controversy
over the University's drinking reg-
ulations.
While it is certainly true that
Mr. Taub's original editorial un-
derstated the basic responsibility
of the University to maintain the
state law as relevant to drinking
by minors, it is also true that Mr.
Beebe's rebuttal contains a number
of serious inconsistencies.
Mr. Beebe states that "Even
though laws restrict a few, they
make living in this society more
harmonious" and implies that
drinking constitutes or leads to an
inherent infringement on the
rights of others.
This is simply not the case.
Moreover, in 1957, it is actually
humorous, for I thought that the
repeal of Prohibition established
that the whims of a few bird-
watching puritans were not to
interfere with the reasoned will of
the majority.
Mr. BEEBE'S unique attitude,
while reminiscent of the Anti-
Saloon League, is however, only
indicative of a personal bias which
allows him to condone an infringe-
ment of individual rights in order
to maintain his own personal view-
point and serenity.
It ignores the basic truth that
responsibility is developed most
fully in an atmnnhere where free.

Moreover, a type of thinking
which would disregard the indi-
vidual rights of adult students, is
most probably of the same type
which sponsored the restriction in
the first place.
On the other hand, the Prohibi-
tion Party is still strong in some
enlightened areas and perhaps his
talents could be put to use as a
slogan writer for this truly altrt}-
istic organization.
-Gary B. Sellers, '57
Solution.? ...
To the Editor:
WAS SOMEWHAT dismayed to
see one of the few intelligent
editorials to appear in The Daily
castigiated with prayer meeting
eloquence by Mr. Parker Beebe,
The vast majority of students
who are of legal age are not indis-
creet in their drinking, and to ac-
cuse one who drinks of being sel-
fishly blind to the welfare of those
who don't imbibe, seems more sym-
bolic of a Christian Endeavour
movement than the mature
thought of a college student.
To declaim that drinking by
adults would sully the minds of
the young by distotting the neu-
tral atmosphere of those who
haven't considered the problem of
drinking, is to assume that most
college students are as blissfully
ignorant of drinking as virgins are
of sex.
I'm sorry that in keeping with a
few other students on this campus,
I'm nerverted enough to choose the

cussion of the problem of inicreased
enrollment. We tend to think only
of the many disadvantages of a
large school. I think it is time we
looked at the advantages.
I think one of the main advan-
tages is the wide range of oppor-
tunities offered here. But, do the
students take advantage of these
opportunities?
One of the biggest opportunities
ever offered by the University is
the proposed student delegation to
Southeast Asia in the summer of
1958. The delegation will visit vari-
ous universities, where the stu-
dents will discuss problems, ex-
change ideas and gather informa-
tion.
To say that this experience will
be of great value to the partici-
pants is a gross understatement.
It will be, perhaps, the most en-
riching experience of their lives.
How many University of Michigan
students will take advantage of
this opportunity?
Will you be one of those who
sits back and says, "I could never
do that?" How about giving it a
chance and going to the mass
meeting-at 7 p.m. Decemeber 11 at
the Union. You have nothing to
lose and a world to gain.
-Marilyn Nathan, '59
Strange . . .
To the Editor:
JT IS, INDEED, strange and be-
yond the comprehension of any-
one to understand the fancy of

done by way of either integrating
these students and accepting
them at social parity in the cam-
pus functions or understanding
their cultures and problems.
Most of these students live in
various "isolated pockets." The
only functions most of them feel
free to attend are the programs
organized by their own nationality
clubs. These programs are mostly
cultural and authentically indi-
genous. yet one will be surprised
to find, besides the respective na-
tionals, only a few faculty mem-
bers and a handful of American
students.
FURTHER, every attempt to in-
tegrate and happily bring togeth-
er the foreign and American stu-
dents in various campus social
functions is at some stage or oth-
er marred by certain covertly and
surreptitiously operating Admin-
istrative policies or 'traditions'
(or whatever one may choose to
call them).
Thus, the chances, that exist
so prolifically on this very campus
to get together and know the stu-
dents of these regions and their
cultures, are so callously wasted
due to certain deeply ingrained
prejudices or traditions or under
whatever name and form they
may masquerade.
Against this background of con-
ditions and wasted chances, for a
delegation to take off all the way
to Southeast Asia for the avowed

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