a I Strength Enough If Pulled Together 54y m hign aily Sixty-Eighth Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MAI3HMAN UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MIcH. * Phone NO 2-3241 en Opinions Are Free uth Will Preail" ' ' " AT THE CAMPUS: 'The Phantom Horse' Of fThe Trc THE ANN ARBOR PREMIERE of "The Phantom Horse" at the Campus Sunday was at best disappointing. Produced by the creators of two serious films, "Rashomon" and "Gate of Hell," this movie possesses little of their aesthetic merit and even less of their intellectual interest. "The Phantom Horse" is a commercial, rather than an artistic production, and one made primarily to appeal to children. Although it is not entirely lacking in the cinematographic virtues which mark i Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. -'C d~ A. A Y DECEMBER 10. 1957 NIGHT EDITOR: JOHN WEICHER / South Africa Protest Day shouild Turn Attention Homeward rDAY, ironically enough, is Ann Arbor's day of protest against segregation in South Africa. Mayor. Eldersveld has issued a proclama- ion establishing a Human Rights Day in the ity,., expressing Ann Arbor's "deep concern" wver the South African government's "anti- lemocratic doctrine of racial superiority," The mayor was not unaware of the ironies nvolved, the proclamation suggests, for it goes >n to say that "Whether in Ann Arbor, Little Rock or Johannesburg, the struggle for racial quality and justice is universal and inexor- ,bie." And while it is well that Ann Arbor levote a day to reflection on problems in Little dock and South Africa, it might be equally rell for the city to devote a considerable part If the rest of the year to concern over its own roblems of discrimination. The Ann Arbor Self-Survey found consid- rable differences between the average in- ome of Negro and white workers in the same ncome groupings. Some places of business till serve minority groups grudgingly or not t all. Prospective .minority group homeowners :ften have, considerable difficulty in buying omes of the desired quality. And a recent )aily series found several landladies, including he owner of literally hundreds of apartments, reely admitting that they would not rent to [egroes. ANN ARBORITES need look no further than last week's newspapers for one possible ap- roach to the latter problem -- widespread lousing discrimination. The New York City Council has passed a bill rhich, within some carefully chosen limits, utlaw's racial, religious or national bias in he renting and selling of apartment housing. 'he law applies to all multiple dwellings for hree or more families, and one and two fam- .y homes in housing developments of ten or pore units. An important exception to the bill's provi- ions is the "tenant of an apartment . . . in hich he or members of his family reside, who ents or leases a room or rooms in such apart- ient to another person or persons.' ENFORCEMENT of the bill's provisions is left primarily in the hands of citizens' ommissions, generally corresponding to Ann Arbor's new Human Relations Oommission, or -its housing subcommission. If past experience with such laws, notably the Fair Employment Practices laws, is any guide, the approach of such a group would be largely educational and advisory. But its ability to adjudicate com- plaints would be greatly enhanced by power to bring a case to court, however seldom that might be necessary. It does not seem necessary to limit the ap- plication of the bill to apartment housing; cer- tainly bias in all forms of private housing has equally harmful effects. The only other impor- tant consideration is the rights of the renter or seller. There are many precedents for the notion that engaging in public business, which is all necessarily involved in most renting and selling, subjects one's property to public regulation and to the weight of public morality. There seems to be little distinction between selling a home and renting an apartment in this regard. ON THE OTHER HAND, it may be going too far to ignore the New York law's exception of apartments which are also occupied by the landlord or landlady. The letting of a room in a home involves a personal invitation to live in the same quarters, rather than merely a business relationship. Perhaps there is a point at which government must acknowledge an individual's right to his prejudices, however distasteful it may find them, and the living situation may be too in- timate to admit of government interference. But surely there is no excuse, for the kind of prejudice which leads a landlady to den'y access to several hundred living units to a minority group with whom her only dealings would be opening a rent payment envelope ev- ery month. Ann Arbor, on this day of protest against segregation abroad, might well examine how well it lives up to the ideal proposed by the New York councilmen: "It is hereby declared to be the policy of the city to assure equal opportunity to all resi- dents to live in decent, sanitary and health- ful living quarters,, regardless of race, color, religion, national origin or ancestry, in order, that the peace, health, safety and general w(l-- fare of all the inhabitants of the city may be protected and insured." -PETER ECKSTEIN Editor f I. hii (Herblock Is on Vacation) n)e ta MIt. he Pulftger'blsblft C. THE CULTURE BIT: SA Play in Dress Rehearsal By DAVID NEWMAN The Morality of Our Allies A WEEK AGO Spanish bombers raked Ifni, enclave in Spanish Morocco. A year ago Is- raeli, British and French troops invaded Egyp- tian territory and the effects are still being 'elt. The French have been attempting to put down resistance in Algeria for two years now. Eleven years ago the Netherlands instituted the police action against the infant Republic of Indonesia which set the pattern of disregard for international'law the Indonesians have fol- in their policy of expulsion of Dutch nationals. The list of such events goes back indefi- nitely. As far back as there has been an Amer- ican foreign policy, there have been actions by our so-called Allies of which this country has disapproved on official or moral grounds or both. And in each example cited there are com- mon factors. First, the consequences of these actions have been undesirable. Russian influence in the Mid-East has in- creased considerably since the Suez crisis. The French economy is strained 'by the expenses of Algeria, coming as it has directly after Indo- China. Our alliance with Tunisia has been en- dangered by the French. And the Dutch viola- tion of the international agreement regarding the former East Indies colonies has helped turn Indonesia toward the Reds. SECOND, the aggressive participant has been under direct obligation to this country, both financially and militarily. Spain, Britain, Is- rael, France and the Netherlands are all either NATO partners, recipients of aid such as from the Marshall plan, or both. They are all mem- hers of the Western camp when it comes to conflict with world communism. The fascistic government of Franco in Spain owes its very existence to inaction on the part of Western governments such as our own, and to active assistance since. The existence of Is- rael has been assured by United States support. The moral consideration varies in degree from case to case, there being no written obli- gation. The Spanish bombing was outrageous; the French conflict with Algeria is almost as bad; the attack on Nasser's government was only partially justified; the Dutch action in the East Indies was in opposition to agree- ment reached at the conference table. Third, the military actions in question have been rationalized on the basis of both "he hit me first" and sovereignty, internal and ex- ternal. The nations claim they have legitimate grievances, that they are only clearing up' in- ternal matters and are, after all, independent nations capable of determining their own poli- cies. At the same time the United States is the leader of the West in two senses. First, U.S. money, resources, arms and industry rule the area outside the Iron Curtain in a very real sense. Second, we are the declared leader of the nations thrown together by opposition to 6ommunism, and, as such, the actions of na- ions committed to us by alliance reflects upon us among the uncortimitted peoples of Asia and Africa. THIS COUNTRY should therefore be able to exercise a certain influence over the ac- tions of her allies, standing on moralistic grounds, without attempting to become sole leader of a band of satellites. Sovereignty does not seem to be a legitimate consideration here. A certain amount of any nation's independence is surrendered when that nation accepts aid from another. At the same time, the moral obligation is reciprocal as we have a common stake in the defense and reputation of the free world. The U.S- should thus evaluate its actions in terms of the wishes of our allies and its support of various of those allies on holding the econo- mic and military obligation as an obvious threat. U.S. policies which could stand to be re- viewed with our allies include refusal to recog- nize Red China and refusal to consider inter- natoinalizing the Panama Canal, among oth- ers with which they disagree. On the other hand, in the a'rea of recogniz- ing the rights of a government to run its do- mestic affairs without interference when there are no international reverberations, some of our present allies could and should be told where to get off. Batista's Cuba government, for example, is neither essential to the defense of the free world nor morally excusable. The Dominican government of Trujillo is the same. Cutting off economic aid to such petty Mussolinis could do nothing but good. The situation of Spain doesn't look quite so simple. This country is a treaty partner of ours and occupies an important. role in West- ern defense. SUPPOSE, however, that economic pressure were applied to Spain. Threats of reprisal from Franco would be hollow, for he can scarcely turn to the Communists and would be htutink himself by acting against our airbases. On the other hand the moral advantages are obvious, even from a purely selfish outlook, for it could do us nothing but good in Africa and Asia to disapprove of action against the in- dependent-minded -colonials{ of Spanish Mor- THE RIGORS of play production are generally at their peak during dress rehearsals, as most any speech department student can tell you. The months of stag- ing, memorizing and emoting to an empty little room are just preparation for getting up on that stage. A director often never knows just what shape his show is in until he sees it mounted on the proscenium, accompanied at last by sets, lighting and ostumes. Many's the time when he sud- denly revises a good deal of the blocking because the old way is not as suited to the stage. Many's the acting novitite who finds him- self tripping over unexpected stair- cases. "* * * * WE STOPPED in at a dress re- hear al of this weekend's speech department offering, "And We Have All the Fun . . ." by Beverly Canning. All things considered, it seemed to go smoothly. There were a few mishaps, but that's what makes it fun. Fun for the observer, anyway. Two night ago one of the actors missed her cue, we learned, and another couple filled the gap by doing an impromptu dance for five minues. So, last night we were prepared for anything. ' We got there early enough to wander around backstage for awhile. In the wings stood an enormous turntable and p.a. sys- tem for background music. A stagehand in a football jersey was busy sorting out the records. Harry James. Xavier Cugat. Cool. On. stage the rest of the crew was sprawled out across the furni- ture hearing a chalk talk from their mentor. "Does everybody know everybody?" he asked, hope- fully. Heads nodded, wearily. He pointed out the importance of everyone being in their sponsible for their prop "If something happens fault," we heard him use the cliche, we are a we are working with th At that moment a spi cha-cha broke forth fro in the wings and one of bers executed a few t stage manager disregard "Now," he said, addres all, "What night can ea come here early to s stage?" We slunk away, ing to be mistaken for hand. THE PLAY has a cas boys and a great manyg were all over the place "These girls," confideda curtain puller, "two seco the curtain goes up, th gabbing." - Prof. William B. Hals is directing the play,s the cast into the anter little pre-curtain talk. " a very good play; I hop we heard him say. Rer place, re- needs a very strong attack in the s. first act. . . ." The thespians s, it's their listened attentively and we went say. "To rout to see what other trouble we team and could get into. ie actors." We were almost toppled by the rited cha- set designer who was rushing m the p.a. around, getting last minute de- the mem- tails in order. He began to ex- urns. The ' plain the function of the light ed it. switch on stage to an eager listen- ssing them er. Suddenly an actress rushed out ich of you of the anteroom, the talk being sweep the over. not want- "Look what I did to my sweat- a stage- er!" she wailed. "I didn't have time to set my make-up." Sure enough, the white neckline was t of a few strangely flesh tinted. "It's wash- girls. They able," she said to a crony; "but I e, audibly. don't know if it's worth washing." a bemused "On stage!" the call girl (not nds before the Luciano kind - the theatre hey're still kind) hollered. The lights dimmed; we took a seat in the empty audi- stead, who torium, and the play began. summoned * oom for a WELL, SOMEBODY did trip on I think it's a staircase. And somebody had an e you do," extra laugh when the screen fell nember, it out of the window he was open- ing. And somebody said a speech too fast and had to take it again. IL And a number of people were late getting on stage for the second rch, young scene. And somebody else kind of slid on the staircase. daho, has But, really, that's what these "creeping rehearsals are for: to make mis- hat he de- takes-now, when there's time to threat to correct them. this coun- Actually, those few goofs were spread out over a long period of rat or Re- time, and the situation was really Bove criti- under control. It looked to us like at fails to a good, profitable dress rehearsal. argues, is And as for the play .. . it opens red right" Friday night at the Lydia Men- will grow delssohn. We'll make no com- constant- ments now, naturally, but we'll bet that come Friday nobody will -Labor be tripping on that staircase. most Japanese importations, it is, stimulating as "My Friend Flicka" not even as exciting as either of those. Without the interest engendered by a new and unfamiliar environ- ment, and without the skill of a sensitive color photographer, the movie would be little more than a Lassie story in a new suit of clothes.o The plot, as might be expected, is not a complicated one. Jiro, a small Japanese boy, watches his father's horse, Takeru, grow from a foal into the fastest race horse in Japan. Extremely fond of the animal, Jiro nurses him through some di- ficulties with a twisted intestine and brags about his speed to his many little friends. Strolling into a forest fire one day, however, Takeru is responsible for his own- er's unfortunate death in the blaze. * * * JIRO AND his older sister and brother are left to run the breed- ing farm by themselves and, in hopes of finding lucrative relief at the big race tracks, Takeru and the oldest boy leave home and go to Tokyo. The horse is fast, but unreliable and frightened of noise. Appar- ently retaining memories of his early experience with fire, Takeru loses his nerve completely when the barn where he is stabled burns down. Only after Jiro comes down from the country to sing to him can he calm down enough to race in the Oriental equivalent of the Ken- tucky Derby. He wins, of course, but strains himself in doing so, and dies the same day of a repeat attack of his intestinal irritation. THERE IS nothing wrong with horse stories, if you like horses, just as there is certainly nothing wrong with children's pictures if one is the fortunate possessor of a child-like mind. However, there are enough of' both of these types of films pro- duced in this country to make the value of importing another one questionable. "The Phantom_ Horse" lacks sublety, artistry, and depth. One might wish that the producers of "Rashomon" had stuck more closely to the standards of their former work. -Jean Willoughby On The Left THE BITTER feuds and ruthless rivalries among the Arabs down to the time of the Turkish conquest form a background for the revived struggles once the Arabs were freed from the Turkish yoke. Nationalism awoke the sleepers more than a century ago, but it is a nationalism without unity or singleness of purpose. Now ancient Syria has split the Arab camp wide open by throwing its alle- giance to Soviet Russia. The old Arabic name for Syria was Esh Sham, meaning "the land on the left." It was the land on the left for the Arabs coming up from the desert to the south. Now Syria is "the land on the Left," in the modern sense. And recalling the recent syn- thetic war scare one might make something of that "Sham" also. --New York Times nevertheless, about as mentally or "The Great Dan Patch," and AT THE MICHIGAN: Kill Them for Me TH IS production of "Baby Face Nelson" is another of the small-screen, black and white, hard and fast adventure series, filmed in semi-documentary style, and filled with names and places familiar to all students of the home-grown school of robbery and murder. The beginning is of the tradi- tional semi-documentary style: Nelson gets out of jail, and is driv- en off to meet some influential crook, while the screen credits are shown in the foreground. After every last little name of every last big director is safely engraved lastingly on the collective mem- ory, we're off again, watching Mickey Rooney playing a bloody and gutty Baby Face, with more than adequate support- STRICTLY SPEAKING, "Baby Face Nelson" lacks the fast p- ing of "The Killing," the sus- pense of "Rififi," the quiet color of "Bambi," the epic proportions of "Gone With the Wind," but it has its moments. Rooney has the old Andy Hardy impediment to overcome, since this more or less unfortunate stereotype must always follow him; this is managed, perhaps a bit overdone. Cedric Hardwicke plays an old M.D. given to patching up under- world characters in his moldy sanitarium, with the usual skill. Carolyn Jones is the moll, a trifle too classy for this pose, but satis- factory. The 1933 decor is well estab- lished, with an abundance of boxy autos, calendars, quaint costumes, and what not. If the film seems to degenerate occasionally into a string of noisy robberies, argu- ments, and murders, the jazz ac- companiment (also something of a tradition now) fills in the gap. * * * CLEARLY, the film makes little effort to be a biography of Nelson, rather it is the presentation of a few points in his life, which cer- tainly furnish excitejent if little else. As a representative of the hard and fast school of films, this one is about as good as any. The mu- sic, acting, and general pacing are all points to the good, although the story is something of a patch- work affair, long on violence and short on continuity. -David Kessel DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN The Daily Official Bulletin Is an official publication of the Univer- sity of Michigan for which the Michigan Daily assumes no edi- torial responsibility. Notices should be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to Room3519 Administration Build- ing, before 2 p.m. the day preceding publication. Notices for Sunday Daly due at 2:00 p.m. Friday. TUESDAY, DECEMBER 10, 1957 VOL. LXVIII, NO. 68 General Notices President and Mrs. Hatcher win hold open house for students at-their home Wed., Dec. 11 from 4:00 to 6:00 p.m. TIAA College Retirement Equities Fund. Participants in the Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association re- tirement program who wish to change their contributions to the College Re- tirement Equities Fund, or to apply for or discontinue participation in, the Equities Fund, will be able to make such changes BEFOREDec. 13, 1957. Staff members who have or % of the contributions to TIAA allocated to CREF may wish to change to a % basis, or go from the latter to a % or %3 basis. Please contact the Retirement Rec- ords Office, 3511 Administration Build-' ing, Ext. 619. While the facilities of the University will operate in the usual manner during the Christmas holidays, staff members will have thetopportunity for an extra holiday on either, but not both of the Tuesdays before 'Christmas or New Years. Arrangements should be made for a skeleton staff to work on the Tuesday before Christmas so that as many staff members as possible may have that day as an added holiday. Staff members who are off the day before Christmas will be expected to work the day before New Years Day. Chicago Area Students are invited to the luncheon meeting of the University of Michigan Club of Chicago on Dec. 30 at 12:00 noon at Henrici's Restaurant Chicago. Luncheon is free to students. For reservations call Helen bong 3-0748 i v v c Critic is i SENATOR Frank Chui "pprogressive from I1 coined a new phrase - concealment" - for wh scribes as a mounting freedom of the press in try. No President, Democr publican, should be at cism -- and a press th criticize, Church jeopardizing a "treasu: which, "like a muscle, weak and useless if not ly exercised." , :A TEACHERS EXCELLENT, STUDENTS SERIOUS: Soviet Education Combines Theory, Practice (EDITOR'S NOTE: How does the Russian school system differ from the American approachto education? Why is it turning out so many top- notch scientists and technicians? Here is an authoritative rundown on Soviet education, which is pro- ducing a corps of highly trained young Communists. This is the first of two articles.) By THOMAS P. WHITNEY Associated Press Foreign News Analyst SEVEN-YEAR-OLD Vasya was taken to his new home - the newly established boarding school for children in Moscow - but he clung to his mother's hand and said he wanted to go home. The director, an experienced teacher by the name of V. Ilin, told Vasya that-of course he could go home if he wished. but that he'd first have to be seated in his office until his things could be collected. While Vasya was anxiously waiting, the director discussed with some of his teachers the good times being planned for the school's children. some one million Russian school children will be living in them. They are intended to teach and indoctrinate an elite of specially- educated young people, free of family influence and ties, who will dedicatedly serve the Soviet Com- munist party. But the boarding school pro- gram is only one phase of the So- viet education drive. Last May some 120 pupils of the ninth grade at secondary school No. 22 in the city of Tula were sent, as part of their study course, to work in the Tula factory. They were taught how to use various types of lathes, how to drive a truck, and had the oppor- tunity to apply in practice some of the theoretical sciende they had been learning in school. * * * YOUNG Igor, a 16-year-old stu- dent, kept a detailed notebook on his experiences at the factory as part of the assignment. A Soviet teachers magazine published por- tions of the notebook recently. schooling, which is shortly to be- come compulsory for all Soviet young people. The Soviet school system is far from perfect, as anyone can at- test who has ever visited a Soviet school. The buildings are usually not very good. Many of them are old and even the new ones lack the space and facilities to which, American children and teachers are accustomed. The teachers are overworked and underpaid - though their compensation, relative to that of manual laborers, is better than in the United States. Many Soviet schools, because of overcrowded conditions in cities, work on a two-shift basis and some even on three. .* * * BUT DESPITE these handieaps, Russian schools do a good job within the limits imposed on them by the Communist totalitarian system. They turn out graduates with a good knowledge of the Rus- sian language, one foreign lan- guage, mathematics and the sci- to their work and that the pupils are serious about learning. Russian teachers put no stock in the ideas of progressive educa- tion which are so popular in Amer- ican teachers colleges. They base their work on a strict system of rewards for students who do well and punishments for those who fail. They grade all students in all subjects on a nationwide 5-4-3-2-1 basis, in which 5 represents top accomplishment and 2 or 1 fail- ure. Grades determine the prog- ress of a child in school and are important criteria for selection of those to go on to higher education. There are no elective subjects. All pupils take the same universal curriculum which emphasizes fun- damentals. * * * THE TEACHER is expected to be friendly but authoritative, and his or her position is not to be questioned by either pupils or par- ents. Pupils wear uniforms and follow certain strict rules in per- sonal appearance and classroom 4 4