v

"We'll Show These Fellows"

Sixty-Eighth Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241

"When Opinione Are Free
Truth Will Prevail"

Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or
the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.

IDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1957

NIGHT EDITOR: RICHARD TAUB


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Bricker-Gore

Debate A Misnomer

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EXTRA CONCERT SERIES:
Florence Festival
Orchestra Spr
ALTHOUGH MANY PEOPLE looked askance at the all-Italian pro-
gram to be given by the Symphony Orchestra of the Florence Fes-
tival, under the direction of Carlo Zecehi. last evening's audience was,
inspired by the unique performance.
Opening the program with the "Overture To The Silken Stair-
way" by Rossini, the group exhibited many fine qualities of ensemble
playing. Among the outstanding ones were the perfect unisons of the
violins, the excellent, meticulous playing of the oboe and other wood-
winds, and a stirring rendition of the famous Rossini "crescendo."
In the slow introduction to the "Symphony in D Major" by Cheru-
bini we were greeted with a warmth of string tone, there was no

4

T HERE ARE TWO observations that should
be made about the Bricker-Gore debate
Tuesday night on control of atomic energy.
One oncerns what was said and the other the
way in which it was said.
The latter can best be judged by simply
saying the Lecture Committee misadvertised
its product. The event was labeled a debate but
turned out to be little more than an extended
discussion with an occasional variance of opin-
ions. It would require the greatest stretching
of the imagination to construe it otherwise.
Even Prof. James Pollack, who introduced the
speakers, was forced to admit on stage that
both gentlemen stayed away from controversial
questions.
Granted the points both speakers made were
interesting and of importance to this nation
and to the world, but nevertheless one left Hill
Auditorium with the strange feeling of being
robbed.
This feeling was justified because, though
Sen. Albert Gore apparently came to the Uni-
versity prepared to conduct at least some sort
of debate, he needed an adversary. He dis-
cussed areas such as public vs. private power,
which lend themselves quite well to debate, but
was sadly handicapped in following Sen. Bricker
to the podium.
Sen. Bricker spoke first, giving an entertain-
ing speech but saying little if anything that
another speaker could dispute; in a word, he
wanted to discuss, not debate.
THE EVENING would have been most valu-
able if the e two experts in the field could
have applied their erudition to the debating of
the. controversial issues involved. Sen. Gore's

attempt to do this was the only real highlight
of the evening.
For the last observation, one of Sen. Gore's
points-the United States' position in world
atomic power race-does bear closer examina-
tion. Essentially, the Tennessee Democrat said
this country is heading for another prestige
fall, similar to the Sputnik-caused demise unless
there is a sharp change in the thinking of
many leaders in the United States, both in
business and government.
The West has suffered a tremendous prestige
defeat by Russia's launching of Sputnik. How-
ever, it may be questioned if this was avoidable
considering the great emphasis the Soviets put
on the project and their great desire to beat the
West.
BUT NOW WE MUST ASK if we can afford
to let this happen again. Few countries are
as blessed as the United States in fossil fuels
that can be used as fuel for power, and we will
not need atomic power for many years. How-
ever, many foreign nations need it right now.
Who, we must ask, is going to be in the better
propaganda position on atomic power if the
Russians are first to develop many commercial
nuclear reactors? Power is infinitely more im-
portant to nations of the world than a small
object traveling but of sight around the earth.
- If the two senators are correct, and they both
agreed, that production of atomic power will
not be profitable in this country for many years,
it would appear that Sen. Gore has valid reason
for urging greater government participation
in this field.
-DAVID TARE

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WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:
The U.S. Satellite Snafu
By DREW PEARSON

Myth-Based Foreign Policy

A POPULAR MYTH seems to have risen, like
the phoenix, out 'of the image of a world
reduced almost to ashes by the fury of ultimate
weapons propelled by ultimate delivery systems.
The myth is called a "limited war" and is
closely related to the American fable of "clean"
A-bombs..
The myth of "limited war" has found much
support in the Pentagon and has gradually af-
fected the statements of congressmen and other
public leaders. It seems plausible that the myth
was engendered by, or first found favor with,
those branches of the service which found.
themselves being frozen out in the search for
ultimate weapons, namely the Army apd the
Navy.
In any ultimate war, the emphasis would un-
doubtedly be placed on retaliatory strategic air
power and long-range ballistic missiles, both
coming under the Air Force. The Army and
Navy, with the longer time required for their
effective use, would be almost useless in, a
super-blitzkrieg. Thus, the possibility of "limited
wars," veritable modern Koreas, pis necessary
to justify the continued existence of the Army
and Navy on anything like approximate parity
with the Air Force.
"Clean" A-bombs seem to have been the
Atomic Energy Commission's recent contribu-
tion to the "limited war" concept. After all, in
an ultimate war it doesn't really make much
difference to the United States whether or not
'radiation contaminates the enemy's landscape,
adding to actual explosive destruction .The dan-
ger of fall-out from bombs detonated over
enemy cities drifting back over the United
States is not significant when compared with
the damage caused by radiation and blast of
bomb's which the enemy would undoubtedly be
simultaneously exploding directly over the cities
of the United States. It is therefore very likely
that In placing significance on the idea of
"clean" bombs, the government continues to
think, wistfully to be sure, along the lines of the
"limited war" concept.
AS IT HAS BEEN envisoned by some "ex-
perts,' the "limited war" of the future would
be even more delineated than Korea was. Some
have gone so far as to propose international
supervision of "limited war" areas. Presumably,
a commission would make sure the war would

be fought-not in the United States, of course--
according to Marquis of Queensbury rules, with
the use of "dirty" bombs and ICBM's strictly
frowned upon by the referee., Thus, the "ex-
perts" assure us happily, we can have our
Koreas and our Vietnams and continue our
policy of "containment"-by force if necessary,
or by threat of force in limited areas-without
running the risk of involving the United States
in an all-out, no-holds-barred war.
The grave danger of a national defense and
foreign policy based on the concept of "limited
war" is all too evident. It is that in a world
dominated by two major powers, there is no
one to guarantee that a minor, "limited" war
will not at any instant be transformed into an
unlimited war. The chance of survival under
these conditions is approximately the same as
that of two wrestlers, locked in combat on a
five-foot square platform suspended 1,000 feet
above Niagara Falls. One misguided lunge by
either could carry both over "the brink."
DESPITE ITS FLAWS, it is not surprising
that the "limited war" theory has enjoyed
much favoirable support. It is at least a feeble
attempt to find a way, short of retreat, out of
an impossible situation. In fact, the "limited
war" theory looked a little less feeble before
Sputnik made it quite clear that the time for
Soviet coupling of the ultimate delivery system
to the ultimate weapon has arrived "not with
a whimper, but a bang." At least, until recent
weeks, United States "experts" could say that
we had a slight edge on nuclear armaments,
and the Russians might be inclined to contain
"brush-fire" wars on our terms.
Faced with the unpleasant realities of the
present, it becomes imperative that the United
States stop deluding itself. In the interest of
national safety the concept of "limited war"
must be relegated to its true role, that of a
myth.
Without the "limited war," "brink of disas-
ter" panacea for foreign policy ails, an "agon-
izing reappraisal" is certainly necessary. The
most important facet of this reappraisal must
be the realization that the "brink of war" is no
longer tenable ground for the basis of a foreign
policy. "Peace in our time" is no longer a
luxury; it is a necessity.
-LEWIS COBURN

ONE OF the unpublished facts
about the American "Sputnik"
snafu is that the Army has six
satellites in a warehouse in
Huntsville, Ala., all ready to
launch. They could have been
launched before the Sputnik, thus
keeping the United States ahead
of the USSR in science, and pre-
venting one of the greatest psy-
chological defeats the United
States ever suffered.
But for some strange and mys-
terious reason, difficult to fathom,
the Army was under orders not
to launch these satellites.
About three months ago, the
Budget Bureau, which operates
directly under the White House,
actually sent. auditors to the Ar-
my's Redstone Arsenal at Hunts-
ville, to make sure the Army did
not spend a nickel on the satellite
program.
THE SIX satellites now gather-
ing cobwebs in a Huntsville ware-
house, are complete with fibre-
glass, radio transmitter and gyro
mechanism. They are elongated
in shape, nicknamed by the Army
the "Baseball Bat."
In trying to track down the rea-
son why these satellites were side-,
tracked, this column ran into
rigid government censorship.
As far as can be ascertained,
however, it was stringent econ-
omy and fear that the Eisenhower
Administration might b r e a k
through the debt ceiling, regard-
ing which Republicans had se-
verely criticized the Truman Ad-
ministration, that caused the per-

emptory order from the Budget
Bureau. However, there were oth-
er important factors involved ear-
lier, in switching the satellite pro-
gram away from the Army. These
also are hard to track down.
The Army project at Huntsville
dates back to early 1954, when
Dr. Fred Singer of the University
of Maryland, Dr. Fred Whipple,
Director of the Smithsonian As-
trophysical Laboratory, and Dr.
Werner von Braun, the German
rocket scientist, meeting in Wash-
ington, outline a plan to launch
a man-made moon into the
heavens.
VON BRAUN is the scientist
- who helped build the V-2 rocket
for Hitler which caused such
havoc in Britain toward the end
of World War II. If it had been
developed earlier, some military
experts believe it might have
knocked Britain out of the war.
Von Braun, incidentally, had
great trouble getting enough
money out of Hitler, just as he
has had trouble getting funds
from Eisenhower.
The satellite program; back in
1954 called "Operation Orbiter,"
was made a joint inter-service
operation though technically un-
der the jurisdiction of the Navy.
The Army's part of the operation
was probably the most important
-namely, to prepare the rocket
gear for launching the satellite
into space. To do this, the Army
planned to use a big Redstone
missile with a cluster of smaller
Loki missiles.

Getting the satellite off the
ground into outer space requires
tremendous force, and one reason
U.S. scientists are convinced Rus-
sia has the ICBM is because a
missile of major power must have
been used to launch the Sputnik.
The work of the Navy in this
partnership program was to put
the instruments into the satel-
lite and do the tracking after it
was launched.
The work of the Air Force was
to supply the logistics. The work
of Dr. Fred Singer at the Univer-
sity of Maryland was to design
the satellite itself..
TEAMWORK between the serv-
ices seemed to be excellent. The
Navy, working with the Varo
Manufacturing Company, made
progrk ss in studying the tracking
of the satellite once it started
whirling around the earth, and
the project got so far that two
ships under the command of
Cmdr. George Hoover were sched-
uled to be equipped to leave for
the tracking stations.
Then suddenly, the Defense De-
partment canceled "Operation
Orbiter."
Cancellation was made on the
recommendation of the so-called
Stewart Committee, a group of
government scientists headed by
Dr. Homer Stewart of Cal Tech
University. It renamed the project
"Operation Vanguard," selected
a brand-new Navy proposal for
launching the.satellite, and placed
it entirely under the Navy.
(Copyright 1957 by Bell Syndicate Inc.)

muddiness or harshness at all to
be found. After a steadily grow-
ing lethargic first movement an
ignorant audience started to show
signs of coming awake.
The second movement reward-
ed them with a very tender yet
virile rendition. It was noticed
throughout the second and third
movements that overlapping pas-
sages in the woodwinds were not
quite even. Yet the buoyant, driv-
ing tone of the woodwinds and
horn in the third movement was
a redeeming factor.
* * *
..ALTHOUGH a fine and ener-
getic conductor in good taste, oc-
casionally Zecchi would stop
double beating just enough to let
us know that his left hand could
be used for cueing and other ex-
pressive motions. In fact an even
commendable feat of conducting
was displayed when he conducted
a spirited melody in the strings
with his, left hand while his mo-
tionless right hand subdued the
rest of the orchestra.
F o11 ow in g the intermission,
Franco Mannino conducted his
Sinfonia Americana, a novel ges-
ture of foreign good will. Employ-
ing familiar folk melodies, the
first movement started with all
the stereophonic drive of Dvorak's
New World Symphony. Through-
out, It scintillated with Stravin-
sky's dash and Copland's disson-
ance. Unfortunately the brass had
to warm up on this original.
* * *
THE THIRD movement was a
highly colorful and stirring scher-
zo capturing the frontier spirit.
From outer space, from across the
River Stix, sweeping through the
vapors of time, exhibiting the full
dimension of Jan Sibelius' spirit,
came the patriotic call of John
Brown's Body.'"
The "Suite from La Pisanela"
by Pizzetti was a high spot of the
evening in that the orchestra met
every expectation required in a
performance of programmatic
music: clean, articulate playing,
tasteful expression, and an evi-
dent understanding and affilia-
tion with the musical text.
The climax of the concert was
the superb rendition of Verdi's
Overture to the Sicilian Vespers.
The melodic characters in 'this
work were beautifully phrased
Which made us believe that the
conductor was an Italian par ex-
cellence in the interpretation of
his fellow-countryman's music.
-Ronald Houser
AT THE MICHIGAN:
'Interlude'
S todgy
FOR THOSE who love the cool
green German countryside, for
those who like their travelogues
with plot, Interlude is a good pic-
ture. Until the middle, that is.
Then the principles try acting for
a while, which is a mistake.
June Allyson in s w e a t e r s,
scarves, and shirtwaist dresses is
by self-analysis a "nice, quiet, un-
complicated optimist." As the per-
sonification of the American girl
in the big, bad foreign fields, she
is at best unconvincing.
At her worst, which is during
most of the picture. she sounds
like the best reason for American
kmen marrying European women.
AS THE personification of the
nice, dependable, solvent Ameri-
can male, The Boyfriend from
Back Home is as romantic as a
salami sandwich. When he pro-
poses (marriage), it sounds like
a sales pitch for cornflakes. But
what more can a "fine and de-

cent" girl from Philadelphia
want?
Rosanno Brazzi is what she
wants. But this is a sin. He is
married to a beautiful but insane
woman, the only decent portrayal
in the film.
All in all, Interlude is a sermon
for mediocrity. Virtue does not
triumph, sheer dullness does. Un-
fortunately, such stodgy stand-
ards as "what we would do back
home" take precedence over moral
judgements or ethical values.
Compared to a deep, emotional
man like Brazzi, who can make
"allow me to give you a ride
home" more exciting than a gon-
dola ride on the Grand Canal, the
American looks rather pitifully
like an over-grown boy.
* * *
MOST OF the blame for the
picture's portrait of the American

AT THE CAMPUS:
V itelloni'
Excellent
IN "THE Young and The Pas-
sionate" ("V i t e 11 o n I"), the
American audience is treated once
again to the Italian genius for
producing unembellished, realis-
tic movies.
The objective of this type of
film is never to portray people as
they ought to be or would like to
be (a la Hollywood), but rather
as they really are, complete with
their faults and foibles. The char-
acters become mirrors in which
we see occasionally embarrassing
reflections of ourselves and other
people. Herein lies the entertain-
ment value of these films.
In this particular picture, Pro-
ducer Fellini has trained his cam-
era on a group of six happy-go-
lucky, unemployed young meh
who live in a smallish Italian sea
resort town. The central plot re-
volves around Fausto, who majors
in seduction and little else; Mur-
aldo, the youngest and most seri-
ous-minded member of the group,
and Muraldo's sister, Sandra.
SOONER or later, in the nature
of things, Fausto was bound to
discover Sandra's obvious charms.
The story opens when Sandra is
found to be pregnant and Fausto
found to be missing. Nonetheless,
the hero is shotgunned into mar-
riage.
He quickly proves to be irre-
sponsible,pimmature, narcissistie
and incapable of holding a Job.
Such an array of talents is bound
to lead to bizarre episodes. The
rest of the movie follows his trail
of infidelity to its emotional cli-
max.
A variety of sub-plots revolve
around this central plot, but they
are little more than glances into
the domestic situations of the
other members of the crowd. By
. actions rather than words, Fel-
lini captures the mood and the
situation of each of the six men.
The feeling of purposelessness
is finally verbalized by the drunk-
en Alberto, who says, "You are
nothing. We are all nothing."
BUT, OF COURSE, he prompt-
ly forgets this philosophical ef-
fort. They all continue their cus-
tomary existence, except for the
thoughtful Muraldo.
The Italians are fortunate in
not having to suffer from an un-
realistic movie code. An abun-
dance of salt has been added to
this offering, which heightens its
verisimilitude to life.
The trip to the burlesque show,
the altercation with the road
gang, and the would-be play-
wright Leonardo's encounter with
a homosexual has-been actor will
provide unaccustomed amusement
for the protected American audi-
ence.
Sensitive balance is maintained,
however, and the' picture never
slips over into mere ribaldry.
The actors are tailor-made for
their parts. The camera work and
the direction- are of the highest
calibre.
-Paul Mott

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COUNCIL COMMENTARY:
Internal Problems of SGC

INTERPRETING THE NEWS:
The Party Line

By RICHARD TAUB
FOR THE FIRST TIME this year
a constituent spoke during con-
stituents time at a Student Gov-
ernment Council *meeting. Phil
Zook, who is actually elections
director for the Council, had this
to ask:
Why is it that the activities of
SGC are interesting to so small a
group? (few people attend Council
meetings, and fewer stay for the
whole meeting) Why have there
been no constituent speakers? Why
is the list of candidates for SGC
positions so small (12 people for
five positions)?
"Why were no students outside
the Council interested enough in
the Board in Review meeting to
attend? Is the very substantial'
number of students living in un-
organized housing being neglected?
Why has so little been done since
the SGC housing study affecting
apartment dwellers? Are there
some needs of these people SGC
should meet?"
These are thought provokirig
questions. One could answer that
the City Council has few constitu-
ents at meetings, unless an issue
affects them directly.
. * *
BUT THIS is a little too facile.
These are questions that should
disturb every Council member-

mation organ, a newsletter to
students. The feeling on the part
of many of the Council members
is that nobody reads this.
What is particularly interesting
about discussion of "SGC Review,"
was the Council's analysis of its
apparent failure. The most con-
structive suggestion anybody had
to make was that distribution
should be improved. Nobody sug-
gested that the Council might
try to make the review interesting
reading.
A good part of Wednesday
night's meeting could be called
public relations and plaudits.
Council members were especially
free with their praise, and much
of it was deserved.
The International Coordinating
Committee seems to have come up
with an International Week pro-
gram, which could be as valuable
as any activity project on campus.
All it will need is student support
to make it a success; the frame-
work is there.
THE EARLY REGISTRATION
Pass Committee also received
praise, though of a qualified na-
ture, from the Council. The feeling
of the Council, or at least those
members who spoke, was that the
committee had done a good job.
However, there was a note of
caution. SGC members felt that

Council with the International
Center Committee report. This
committee is studying the effec-
tiveness of the center, with pos-
sible suggestions for improvements.
It has decided so far to work
out the concept of an ideal center
and then see how the University
measuresiup to it, and what might
be done An the future to improve
the center.
The group has gotten off to a
walking start, but it has, we be-
lieve, set itself an ambitious task.
Nan Murrell, Human Relations
Board chairman, reported on the
work of that group. All the meet-
ings are secret, so all Miss Murrell
could say was that the group meets
once a week and has been busy.
However, she did emphasize one
important point : All students who
have complaints about human re-
lations problems should report
them to the Board, so they can
be looked ipto.
IN MEMBERS TIME at the close
of the meeting, several Council
members discussed the Board in
Review meetings, held at the be-
ginning of this week.
One meeting was called over
SGC's decision to solicit faculty
for the Campus Chest, and another
over the alleged denial of Galens
appeal by the Council.

f DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN

By THOMAS P. WHITNEY.
THE SOVIET propaganda machine day after
day is feeding Russians a diet of rumqrs,
commentary and scare headlines to convince
them America and Turkey plan war on Syria.
"Cut short the intrigues of the aggressors,"
Pravda exhorts over an editorial.
"Provocations of. the United States con-
timue," says another headline.w
"Prevent war in the Middle East," still an-
other demands.
"Against interference of the imperialists in
the affairs of the Syrian Republic," is the
headline over a report on one of the official
Soviet communications to the United Nations


Here is the news as presented to Russian
readers:
Turkey is concentrating troops on the Syrian
frontier in large numbers;
The United States and Turkey have a fully
elaborated plan for invasion of Syria. Details
of this plan were worked out by U.S. diplo-
mat Loy Henderson on his journey about the
Middle East recently;
FREEDOM-LOVING little Syria is feverish-
ly preparing to repel the planned attack.
The Soviet Union together with the entire
peace camp stands ready to defend Syria
against the planned attack. This has caused
the would-be aggressors to hesitate.

The Daily Officia! Bulletin is an
official publication of the Univer-
sity of Michigan for which the
Michigan Daily assumes no edi-
torial responsibility. Notices should
be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3519 Administration Build-
ing, before 2 p.m. the day preceding
publication. Notices for Sunday
Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday.
FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1957
VOL. LXVIl, NO. 33
General Notices
Coffee Hour for students, sponsored
by the Office of Religious Affairs, at
Lane Hail, 4:15 p.m. Fri.
Late Permission: Women students
who attended the Stanley Quartet Con-
cert at Rackham on Tues., Oct. 22,4
had late permission until 11:15 p.m.
Summary, action taken by Student
Government Council at its meeting Oc-
tober 23, 1957.
Approved minutes of last meeting.
Received notice of removal of stay-
of-action placed on action taken Octo-
ber 16 with respect to (1) faculty soli-

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