"How Do You Get Him Back In?"

Sixty-Eighth Year
"EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. + Phone NO 2-3242

..,
When Opinions Are Free
Truth Will Prevail"

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To The EIR-
South Not Solid ...
To the Editor:
SINCE PUBLICATION of William Faulknerls "Letter to the North" in
the March 5, 1956 issue of Life magazine, two trends have emerged
among native southerners.
The first suggests that since one has lived In a southern city or
county most or all of his life, he is an expert on "southern affairs."
Secondly, it has become fashionable for southerners to caution

*

Editorials printed in rhe Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or
the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.

URDAY, SEPTEMBER 28, 1957

NIGHT EDITOR: MICHAEL KRAFT


Teamster Election Greatest
Crisis in Hoffa's Career

JAMES R. HOFFA, the much publicized ninth
vice-president of the International Brother-
hood of Teamsters, will face what is probably
the greatest crisis of his remarkable career in
the American labor movement when the Team-
sters meet for election of officers. Their con-
vention is scheduled to convene in Miami Beach
on Monday, but -the long-anticipated election,
yesterday postponed by a court order, will
necessarily take place sometime in the future.
The outcome of that election-when a suc-
cessor to President Dave Beck will be chosen-
is of vital importance; not only to Hoffa but to
the entire Teamsters Union and, indirectly, to
the labor movement and the whole nation.
Should Hoffa be elected as expected, he will
at last be in a position to carry out his greatest
--and to us most alarming-ambition, that of
uniting all of the great transportation unions
into one gigantic, monopolistic labor empire, an
empire which could very well come to rule the
American economy.
The great power such a union would wield is
appalling to contemplate. It-and its leaders-
would have a stranglehold on the throat of
every business enterprise, from the smallest
shop to the greatest corporation, and thus on
the entire American public.
FORTUNATELY, the road leading to fulfill-
ment of that ambition is a rough one. Among
Hoffa's many troubles at present are his in-
volvements with the law and his difficulties
with the parent Union, the AFL-CIO.
He still must face a' wiretap conspiracy
charge, a five-count perjury charge (for his
convenient loss of memory before the McClellan
committee), a further Congressional inquiry
into his hoodlum associations and conflict of
interest activities as a union leader, and num-
erous charges leveled at him by the AFL-CIO
Ethical Practices Committee.
In addition, he faces a rising tide of oppo-
sition, climaxed by yesterday's court order,
from within his own union. Most of it however,
is confined to a few locals.
Should all these obstacles be surmounted and
Hoffa stay out of jail, the Teamsters Union

as a whole faces a crisis of its own in electing
Hoffa president.
Among its "points to ponder" are: The edict
of the AFL-CIO Ethical Practices Committee
threatening the Teamsters with expulsion
from the parent union in the event it fails
to rid itself of corrupt influences - namely
Hoffa; the threat of tighter federal control
over labor, (a strong possibility in case of Hof-
fa's election, considering his unpopularity with
the Senate committee before which he ap-
peared); the threat of a falling-out with Hof-
fa's opposition within the Teamsters; and,
among other, the threat of trouble with an
ever more powerful labor figure, Walter Reuth-
er, an avowed enemy of Hoffa,
THUS THE OUTCOME of the Teamsters'
election, whenever it occurs, is vitally im-
portant to all of us-to labor primarily because
of the danger of new restrictive legislation; to
business and ultimately, to every individual be-
cause of the hope of new restrictive legisla-
tion on labor matters.
That legislation, should it ever come, would
ideally include as a major point the placement
of labor unions under the anti-trust laws. For
the big unions, particularly in a combination
such as Hoffa dreams of, would prove a great-
er "restraint of trade" than Standard Oil of
the old days ever thought of being.
Less important, but still sorely needed would
be provisions for strict accounting of all union
funds, a national "right-to-work", law and ex-
clusion of known racketeers and persons who
have no stake in labor other than their own
financial condition (Johnny Dio, for example,
supposedly never belonged to a union until he
suddenly appeared as a big shot in a New
York local).
AN IMPRESSIVE ,collection of facts about
labor mismanagement have already been
brought to light by the Senate Rackets Com-
mittee, with more to come. In view of these
facts and those collected by numerous law en-
forcement agencies, the next session of Con-
gress has its work cut out for it.
-EDWARD GERULDSEN
Associate Editorial Director

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their northern friends against haste
of the South. The first contention
is, of course, untenable. Those who
hold to it are as mistaken as most
northerners seem to be in this
respect. There is no solid South.
When one tours that area, he is
impressed with the ubiquitous
signs of economic growth; a pro-
gress, however, that is uneven.
In addition, the problems of
population ratio, the standard of
education, the level of leadership
and a number of other factors that
help shape the character of a com-
munity are not at a common stage
throughout the South; indeed, not
even a state,
How, then, can any local resi-
dent claim to have an understand-
ing of the complexities of any area
except his own and even then, only
when he has done much study and
thinking on the subject?
* * *
THE SECOND tendency, that of
overnight moderates who, I think,
have fallen upon a good thing, can
be constructive. Since the various
localities of the South are faced
with a great problem, each with a
different set of conditions, that
problem can best be solved by
those who have the most under-
standing of those conditions.
With this in mind, there should

and intervention in group problems
be no attempt to "impose ... from
without" the attempt to obey the
law as long as the attempt is made
in good faith. In this connection
it seems to me that the thinking
"...rpeople in the North (do) seem
interested in a resolution of the
conflict from within . . ."; that
they do recognize ". . . the right to
work out their own salvation . 4.
and that they are extending to the
thinking, law abiding southerner
",. charity and understanding
S. ." in the solution of a para-
mount problem.
I have as yet not heard of any
" . irresponsible and uncharit-
able handling of the whole tortured
segregation issue by the northern
press" of the progress made in
Greensborough, North Carolina.
On the other hand, I have wit-
nessed the {ruling class of my own
state of Virginia arrange and legis-
late into the Law of the Common-
wealth the dictum that no locality
may attempt to obey the law of
the land.
It is to the credit of true moder-
ates that they temper their self-
interest, moral and international,
to a constructive solution of a
I great American dilemma.
--Howard K. Walker, Grad.

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WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:
Near East Sees Little Rock
By DREW PEARSON

AT THE STATE:
Baddies Goodies
Fight It Out

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Dag Hammarskjold- Diplomat

FOUR AND A HALF years ago, Dag Hammar-
skjold, a quiet, patient Swedish diplomat,
stepped, into what is probably the most. diffi-
cult civil-service position in the world.
Hammarskjold must have known when he
accepted the post of Secretary-General of the
United Nations that he would be required .to
put aside many of his personal convictions in
order to be an acceptable administrator of an
organization composed of men representing
many conflicting political philosophies.
It is doubtful that he could have known of
the impending Hungarian and Suez disasters,
that would test not only his capacity for pa-
tience and understanding,. but the effective-
ness of the international organization as well.
Now the crises have passed, and historians
and political scientists have the task of deter-
mining whether or not the United Nations was
of any value in at least terminating them, if
not settling them.
THE QUESTION of whether or not the sec-
retary-general was satisfactory in his role
as pacifier, mediator and administrator seems
to have been answered adequately by the
United Nations' vote of confidence in re-elect-
ing Hammarskjold to another five-year term.
In making this decision, the East and Westi
Joined to pledge Hammarskjold their support,'
and expressed hope that the next five years
would see much greater progress towards solu-
tion of the many remaining problems.

The secretary-general cannot have forgotten,
however, that a little less than a year ago a
similar vote of confidence was voiced by dele-
gates from Russia when he threatened to re-
sign unless the members of the United Nations
would abide by its charter.
Neither can he have forgotten the stalling,
the denials of fact and the unwillingness to
abide by the spirit of the United Nations which
the communist nations have demonstrated
time and again in matters in which they are
involved.
HIS TAS; is to be an impartial administra-
tor, yet he has been accused of supporting
communist policy when he does not whole-
heartedly campaign for those of the West.
Sometime ago, Hammarskjold observed that
the United Nations could .not be a source of
sweeping solutions to the world's problems,
then added, "But I do believe in the possibility
of an orderly progress toward solutions, and
that for me is enough as a source of optimism."*
Perhaps in this statement, Hammarskjold
has given evidence of a conviction which, when
combined with the obvious asset of being a
shrewd diplomat, well qualifies him for his
difficult job.
With optimism and a belief in orderly pro-
gress to solutions, he may be able to bring
from crises and disagreement that unity which
the United Nations needs so desperately.
-RICHARD RABBIDEAU

(EDITOR'S NOTE: Drew Pearson,
writing from the Near East, gives
some ideas on Little Rock and segre-
gation.)
AMMAN, Jordan - If you're a
United States Information of-
ficer in the Near East these days,
trying to win friends for the
U.S;A., you have a problem. The
problem is how to counteract Lit-
tle Rock.
It's your job to make the United
States appear to be the friend of
the Arabs, the champion of un-
derprivileged people. Personally,
you believe this to be true. But
what can you write or say to con-
vince the Arab public when it is
faced with pictures of a Nashville,
Tenn., schoolhouse bombed and
blasted because one Negro child
was admitted, of a lone Negro
child sitting in the back row of
a Tennessee classroom, of Negro
students in Little Rock being
turned back by state troopers, and
of a 15-year-old Negro girl in
Charlotte, N.C., telling how she
wanted to be a nurse but finally
gave up.
* * *
WITH THE pictures are news
stories . . . stories of violence, bit-
terness, race hatred against a peo-
ple because of the color of their
skin. People in this part of the
world generally have colored skin,
too - brown. In fact, two-thirds
of the world is black, brown or
yellow,
There is no Soviet press here.
There doesn't have to be. The pic-
tures, the straight news accounts
tell their own story.
Alongside the news are pictures

of Ike - smiling, golfing, yacht-
ing, always smiling. If you're a
United States Information offi-
cer or even an ordinary American
who likes to have people think
well of his counltry, you can't help
wishing that Ike at least some-
times would not smile.
Viewing the integration bitter-
ness of Little Rock from halfway
around the world, my, memory
goes back to another bitter scene
when troops were marched down
Pennsylvania Avenue to clear 20,-
000 destitute veterans of World
War I out of the nation's capital.
I was a young reporter then. It
was the first time I saw Dwight
D. Eisenhower, then an officer on
the staff of Gen. Douglas Mac-
Arthur, Chief of Staff of the
United States Army.
The veterans at first arrived in
a mere trickle. They wanted Con-
gress to pass a bonus. Gradually,
slowly, their n u m b e r grew.
'EISENHOWER was appointed
liaison man for the army with lo-
cal D.C. police, to keep General
MacArthur informed. We used to
see him in the District of Colum-
bia Building, sitting in the press
room reading westerns. He kept
away from Anacostia, obviously
was not looking for trouble.
But while Ike kept away from
trouble, trouble grew in Washing-
ton. The bonus army swelled from
a few hundred men to several
thousand.They took over vacant
buildings along Pennsylvania Ave-
nue. One night, they started
marching on Congress. For the
first time in history, three draw-

bridges across the Anacostia Riv-
er were raised, to block them.
It was at this point that Presi-
dent Hoover called out the army.
I have sometimes thought of
this as I have watched Eisenhow-
er in later years, And as the ra-
cial crisis built up, I sometimes
wondered why the President did
not move to head off trouble ear-
ly, why he did.not call a meeting
of southern governors immediate-
ly after the Supreme Court 1954
school decision, why he didn't
summon southern leaders to the
White House to use his great
prestige for solution of this deeply
difficult problem.
* * * -
BUT IKE just didn't seem to
see the bitterness growing, or how
extrensts were getting the up-
per hand; that a crisis was build-
ing up which might get complete-
ly out of hand. Either he just
doesn't like trouble, or he's just
too nice a guy.
So for three years the situation
drifted - and got worse. Last
June, as the governors of the 48
states gathered at Williamsburg,
Va., in a state already charged
with integration bitterness, the
President went to Williamsburg,
but said nothing about the prob-
lem uppermost in gubernatorial
minds. Instead, he proposed turn-
ing federal power over to the
states,
Activities at Little Rock and in
the South are drifting toward ex-
actly what Ike once warned
against.
(Copyright 1957 by Bell Syndicate Inc.)

THE BADDIES and the goodies
are at it again. Monsters, heli-
copters, cowboys and pretty girls
are all rolled up into one big ball
and shot at the audience in a dou-
ble feature now showing at the
State Theater. The movies are
titled Joe Dakota and The Land
Unknown. They both star Jock
Mahoney, first as an ex-cavalry
officer and later as a commander
on an Antarctic expedition.
Joe Dakota is a fairly fast mov-
ing western with some competent
actors making the best of their
roles. Jock Mahoney, lacking the
facial expression he should have
to make the role complete, uses
his voice well enough to turn in
quite a good performance,
Luana Patten is excellent as the
girl who finally ;ights the wrong
done an old Indian by the whole
town of Arborville.
Charles McGraw, however, is
the one really outstanding actor
in this presentation. His charac-
terization of the slippery villain is
done with subtlety and imagina-
tion. The supporting roles are well
cast, too, and this movie may well
be summed up as an above-aver-
age western.
THE LAND Unknown is a horse
of a different color. As science
fiction, it's pretty bad. The acting
is by far the best thing about the
picture, but even that isn't saying
much.
The story covers an Antarctic
expedition which has one of its
helicopters grounded in a part of
Antarctica unchanged since Meso-

zoic times because of overhanging
clouds. (Silly, isn't it?)
All sorts of horrible creatures
run through the lives of Jock Ma-
honey, Shawn Smith, and Wil-
liam Reynolds. Eventually, how-
ever, they escape - just in the
nick of time - and hurry back to
home base, safe and sound.
Reynolds, as a slightly mad in-
habitant of the place where the
plane is grounded, turns in a good
portrayal. Shawn Smith is more
than believable as the girl report-
er along for a story. Mahoney is
stilted; more so than in Joe Da-
kota.
* t* *
IF MAHONEY hadn't been used
as lead in both pictures, If The
Land Unknown had been rewrit-
ten and then left out, and if the
State was only showing Joe DIa-
kota this week, the bill of fare
would be palatable.
As it stands, there is too much
of one actor and too fast a switch
from one role to another.
' The Land Unknown should
have been left unknown, at least
for a few more generations. Think
how much more surprised our
grandchildren would have been.
-LeAnne Toy
DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
The Daily Official Bulletin is an
official publication of the Univer-
sity of Michigan for which the
Michigan Daily assumes no edi-
torial responsibility. Notices should
be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3519 Administration Build-
ing, before 2 p.m. the day preceding
publication. Notices for Sunday
Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday.
SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 28, 1957
VOL. LXVIII, NO. 10
General Notices
Correction to SGC Summary: At the
Student Government council meeting
held Sept. 25, Galens' City Drive was
calendared for Dec. , 7.
Ushers for the 1957-58 season for the
Choral Union Concerts, the Extra Sh-
ies Concerts and for the Lecture Series
may pick up usher tickets for these
series at Hill Auditorium Box Office
between 10:00 a.m. and 12:00 noon Sat.,
Sept. 28. The tickets must be picked up
at this time as they will not be given
out at the door at the first concert
as in the past.
Placement Notices
Opportunities for teaching abroad
for 1958-59 under the United States
International Educational Exchange
Program are available in many coun-
tries. Qualifications include a B.A. or
M.A. degree, threeeyears of successful
teaching experience, U.S. citizenship,
good health and moral character, emo-
tional stability, and adaptability. Ap-
plications must be made before Oct. 15.
For further information call the Bu-
reau of Appointments, NO 3-1511, Ext.
489.
Personnel Requests:
U. S. Civil service announces an exam
for Geologists GS-S and GS-7 levels,
optional fields - Mineralogy and Pet-
rology, Geomorphology. Geology of Me-
tallic and Non-metallic Mineral Depos-
its, Sedimentation, Stratigraphy, Pa-
leontology, Ground Water Geology, Ge-
ology of Fuels General Geoloy, and


{

SGC COMMENTARY:
Responsibility of Representatives to Students

-A.

TODAY AND TOMORROW:
The President's Address
By WALTER LIPPMANN

THE PRESIDENT'S address on Tuesday eve-
ning, explaining why he is using Federal
troops in Arkansas, must be judged, I believe, a
serious failure to state the real case of the
United States government. The case, as the
President put it, omits entirely the crucial fact
that the defiance of the Federal court began
not with the mobs outside the school building
but with the orders of Governor Faubus to the
Arkansas National Guard.
Because of this omission the President has.
made a weak case, and has laid himself open to
the charge that he is doing something which
he promised rot to do - namely, to impose
integration with Federal troops.
Thus, in his second paragraph, he says that
"disorderly mobs have deliberately prevented
the carrying out of proper orders from a Fed-
eral court." In fact, it was the National Guard
which prevented the carrying out of the orders
of the court. He goes on to say that "whenever

compelled to go to the assistance of the state of
Arkansas which was not strong enough to pre-
serve order.
The fact is that the disorder broke out after
the Governor had first nullified the law with
his troops, and had then withdrawn the troops
in the face of the mob which was assembling,
bent on nullifying the law.
THE CRUCIAL fact in Arkansas is that the
Governor was determined to use the Na-
tional Guard for the unlawful purpose of pre-
venting integation in Little Rock. The necessity
for Federal intervention arose directly from
this defiance of the law.
IAs the National Guard, owing to the Gover-
nor's orders, was unavailable for the task of
enforcing law and preserving order, the inter-
vention of the Federal government was required.
At the Newport conference, when the Presi-
dent saw Gov. Faubus, the essential question

By RICHARD TAUB
Daily Staff Writer
ARGUMENTS on the pros and
cons of an honor system at
Wednesday night's SGC meeting
were sometimes cogently discussed
by both sides, but lengthy debates
on the issue are not over yet.
An observer couldn't help notic-
ing an attitude on the part of the
Council which only indirectly had
to do with honor systems.
There seemed almost to be an-
other question involved, one which
wasn't officially on the floor, but
one whch was there all the time-
the responsibility of representa-
tives toward students.
The treatment of this issue de-
noted a taint of irresponsibility or
lack of thought on this problem by
some of the Council members.
Statements like "I don'tbelieve
in the voice of the students so
whole hog"; or "I'm not so hot on
student opinion myself"; "It would
be embarrassing if we had to re-
verse the students' decision"; and
"We are student opinion," seemed
in some cases to denote a some-
what jaded, cynical attitude.
* *" *
ON THE other hand, one Coun-
cil member felt an honor system
might just be a "whipping boy"
which the students really aren't

how one goes about being a stu-
dent representative, is a thorny
problem which few of the Council
members have examined very
deeply.
The problem is further exag-
gerated because the Council mem-
bers as a rule don't have constitu-
encies. They are elected by the
campus at.large. Outside the issues
covered by their platforms, and
unlike the mid-western senator
who votes for high parity, these
representatives don't have any
body of opinion to which to refer.
There are some people, as Scott
Chrysler, who believes they really
can define their constituencies.
Chrysler claims he knows the
type of people who elected him
and he knows how they would
want him to vote on many issues.
He also advocates a "district" type
system of representation,
ANOTHER problem when one
tries to get at "student opinion."
On a campus as wide and diverse
as this one, except that almost
everybody wants the football team
to win this afternoon and doesn't
want to go to classes seven days a
week, there is a great variety of
attitudes.
The Union and League Senates

the available information, will
make the wisest decision, and that
the responsibility of people is to
examine every issue as clearly as
possible, and then, being best
qualified, make their own deci-
sions.,.
This, it seems, may be where the
Council member's responsibility
lies.
But wherever responsibility lies,
it seemed quite obvious Wednesday
that many Council members really
haven't taken their obligations as
seriously as they might.
The Human Relations Board
held its first meeting of the year
Tuesday. This. group never gets
the attention it deserves, primarily
because all its meetings are held in
secret.
The Board looks into problems
of discrimination. When com-
plaints are presented to it, it tries
to talk to the involved parties and
whenever possible, persuade the
party guilty of discrimination to
modify his stand.
* *
IN SOME instances, the Board
sets up test cases to see where dis-
crimihation exists. Membership
includes students, some Ann Ar-
bor residents, and Vice-President
for Student Affairs James A.

committee to study calendar
plans. Because of the hard work
of many memgers of the commit-
tee, a serious inconvenience was
remedied.
At the conclusion of the meet-
ing, Joe Collins read to the Coun-
cil this passage from a magazine
put out by West Africans in Eng-
land:
"As Africans, where we listen
to America declaring that she will
create in' Africa a field of roses
where all colours will blossom,
we naturally would ask her, "How
green is your Valley?"
"Indeed, this is a million dollar
question to which only Authrine
Lucy or the late Emmett Till, the
"Scotsborough Boy" or the "Tren-
ton-Six" and the numerous Negro
victims of the Ku Klux Klan or
the White Citizens Council could
give a correct answer.
"WHAT America actually wants
us to do is to keep turning the
other cheek, to sit by and watch
the wealth of our country drained
away, our people dying in pover-
ty, ignorance and starvation. Oth-
erwise, we are expected to cooper-
ate with the people who have
slandered our race, despised us,
enslaved us and treated us as

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