WORLD WATCHES
LITTLE ROCK
Sixty-Seven Years of Editorial Freedom
iZ~aii1j
,
4,
See page 4
FAIR, WARMER
I
VIII, No. 8
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 1957
offa Indicted
y Grand Jury
fL-CIS} Executive Council Levels
accusation of 'improper Activities'4
W YORK (P)-James R. Hoffa was hit by a doule-barreled
yesterday-a new criminal indictment and a jab by the
O-as he readied his bid for top power in the big Teamster
federal rackets grand jury charged him with perjury and an
O Executive Council accused him of "improper activities" and
a clean-up in the union,
e perjury indictment was the second federal case launched
Hoffa here, concerning an alleged conspiracy by him and
to wiretap union headquarters telephones in Detroit, seat of
1e local.
ffa, the short, dapper vice-president of the 1,300,000-member
ers Union, now is in Miami preparing for the union's conven-
Negro
Students
Attend
Classe
Crowc
Paratroopers
Disperse
*
*
7t
*
*
*
*
*
*
Daily
in
City
b
next week, at which he is se
F Missile
lows Apart
ver Adan ti
ISSILE TEST CENTER, Cape
averal, Fla. (P)-The Atlas, an
continental ballistic missile
blasted from this base yester-
and burst into flames two
tes later as it swerved out to
ie Air Force would say only!
ta missile was fired and it
3 not be learned whether the
s was destroyed intentionally
ew upy
e firing was strikingly simi-
o the first Atlas test shot 'last
11 here. A missile then rose
t, 6,000 feet from this top
t base midway between Miami
Jacksonville, then 'was de-
'ed in the air.
isia ,laimed several weeks,
to have fired an intercontin-
I ballistics missile but gave
on the beach seven
of the launching site
a tall, cone - shaped
slowly, trailing bril-
and yellow flame. It
light up for an esti-
eking its presidency. He aspires to
4succeed Dave Beck, who announced
plans to retire earlier this year In
furor Aver a Senate committee
probe of alleged corruption in the
union.
Ioff atalso has been a target of
charges by the' committee, which
claims delegates from some locals
have been improperly picked inan
attempt to rig the election.
The grand jury, naming Hoffa
on five counts of perjury, said he
lied to the jury in its investigation
of the alleged Detroit wiretapping.
Also'. indicted was Benjamin
Franklin C llins, secretary-treas-
urer of Detroit ,Teamsters Local
299, which Hoffa heads. Collins.
was named on 12 counts of per-
Jury.
If convicted, each could get up
to five years in prison and a $2,000
fine on each count.
aoffa previously was indicted
here last May 14 in the alleged
wiretap conspiracy.
Named with him in that case
were Bernard Brennan, president
of Teamsters Local 335, in Michi-
gan, and Bernard Spindel, a pro-
fessional wiretap expert of Holmes,
N. Y.
Senate Old
"Of l'Payoffs'
WASHINGTON (P)--Senate in-
vestigators were told yesterday
that Teamster locals under James
R. Hoffa spent around $170,000 in
union dues to defend Hoffa men
against criminal charges or sup-
port their wives while they were
in prison.
The figures, covering the last
three years, were laid before the
Senate Rackets Committee by
Carmine S. Bellino, its auditor-
investigator.
Hoffa is the Midwest boss of the
Teamsters who aspires to become
president of the union at an elec-
tion scheduled for Miami Beach,
Fla., next week. He was indicted
in New York yesterday on per-
jury charges growing out of an-
other investigation of his union.
A surprise witness before the
senators yesterday swore he once
overheard a conversation men-
tioning $1,500 "payoffs" to Hoffa
"either two or three times a year"
by the Detroit Restaurant Guild.,
Bellino testified that Teamsters
Union records show that more
than $85,000 was paid to the wives
of four officials of Local 614 at
Pontiac, Mich., who were jailed on
extortion'charges,.
Southerners
Seek Parley
On Troops
REFERENDUM?
SGCTo Study Possible
Vote on Honor System
T ense
Reporter's
Eyewitness
Description
:W_4.
At that point two outside rock-
s - fell off and it appeared for
n 'instant that the fire-spitting
tiile might continue its journey
ut it faltered, then burst into a
.gantic red and yellow ,patch of
re. A heavy roar and dull explo-
on could be heard up and down.
te beach.
In Washington, the Defense De-
artment co fined its comment to
he usual statement that a missile
as test launched from Patrick
Jr Force Base. But authoritative
&rces at the Pentagon said the
Lissile was an Atlas.
ren U.. Fliers
iSSin at Sea,
rhought Dead
WASHINGTON ()-The Navy
nnounced last night that 10
nited States fliers were lost and
reumed killed in "suspected
id-air collisions" off Norway
hale taking part in 'NATO ma-
euvers.,
It yeleased the names of eight
the 10, members of the crews of
wo 82F, antisubmarine killer
anes from the carrier Essex.
From one plane, the Navy said
issing personnel included avia-
on electronics technician 3. C.
ernard Herman Solfield, USN,
ooperstown, N.D.
The navy said the second plane
ew included aviation electronics
chnician striker Charles Edward
orelock, USN, Rt. 2, Blount-
lle, Tenn,
Identification of two other pi-
ts figuring' in a second colision
two F4D jet fighters has notj
t been released by the Navy De-
rtment.
The NATO sea maneuvers,
mich were being carried out with
artime realism, were suspended,
Lmediately after the four planes
sappeared in early morning
rkness.
The F4D Skyrays - single-seat
t fighters capable of speeds up
1,000 miles an hour-collided
., +he At lm ni. The were
Governors To Ask
Federal Withdrawal
SEA, ISLAND, Ga. UP) - South-
ern governors voted 11-1 yester-
day to seek conference with Pres-
ident Dwight D. Eisenhower ,and
Gov. Orval Faubus of Arkansas
aimed at the withdrawal of feder-
al troops from Little Rock, Ark.
Later, the vacation White,
House at Newport, R.I., said the
President is trying to arrange a
meeting early next week with a
committee the Southern gover-
nors named;
James C. Hagerty, White House
press secretary, said President Ei-
senhower might want to broaden
the scope of the conference to in-
clude other aspects of the inte-
gration question.
The Southern governors also,
elected Gov. Leroy Collins of Flor-
ida, , regarded as a moderate on
integration, as their leader for
the coming year} although the
nominating committee had fa-
vored Gov. Marvin Griffin of
Georgia, a fervent segregationist.
Over the objections of Repub-
lican Gov. Cecil H. Underwood of
West Virginia, the Southern Gov-
ernors Conference acted in closed
session to set up a five-man com-
mittee headed by Gov.. Luther
Hodges of North Carolina to seek
meetings with President Eisen-
hower and Gov. Faubus in an at-
tempt to find a formula to end
the Arkansas controversy over
school integration.
Gov. Hodges told newsmen he
had talked to White House staff
members about the resolution and
"they liked the resolution and the
idea" of a presidential conference.
Hodges said the committee also
had called Gov. Faubus and that
the Arkansas governor would be
glad to cooperate. The governors,
suggested tomorrow as their
choice of day for such a confer-
ence.
Soviet Opens-
Industry Drive
MOSCOW () - The Kremlin
proclaimed yesterday a huge new
campaign to surpass the United
States in production per capita by
1965.
The gpal is to make the Soviet
Union the most powerful nation
on earth by that date.
SOMAGAHARA, Japan (R) - A
Japanese scrap collector said yes-
terday a brass cartridge case from
William S. Girard's rifle whistled
by his leg moments before a sec-
ond shot killed Mrs. Naga Sakai
on the United States; firing range
here last Jan. 30.
Hidetsugu Onozeki, testifying in
a rain-drenched outdoor session
of Girard's Japanese manslaugh-
ter trial, said he saw the Illinois
soldier stuff a cartridge case in
the grenade launcher on his rifle.
Onozeki said he ran away think-
ing he would be shot.
After questioning Onozeki for
the entire session, presiding Judge
Yuzo Kawachi called off the hear-
ing in midafternoon because of
the downpour.
The trial will resume today.
Onozeki said- Girard chased six
or seven brass-collectors for more
than 50- yards only a few minutes
before firing the shot which felled
Mrs. Sakai. He said the soldier
was shouting, "Get out of here."
Itsuro Hayahi, chief defense at-
torney, said, "It is evident Gir-
ard was definitely on duty at the
time."
October 10
Set As Date
For, Insurane
By RICHARD TAUB
TwoStudent Government Coun-
cil committees will "consider the
feasibility and possible 'wbrding"
of a student referendum on the
desirability of an honor system,
non-proctored examinations, SGC
decided last night.
' he Honor System and Elections
committee will study the facets of
a referendum on this issue, with
the possibility of incorporating in
the SGC elections in November.
The motion came. after Ron
Gregg, '60, chairman of the honor
system committee, told the Coun-
cil of an experimental honor sys-
tem r:rogram, in which half the
sections of e a c h introductory
course in the. Literary College
would be utilized.
The committee had asked the
Shot Twice
administrative board of the Lit-
erary College if it would waive a
regulation now requiring proctors
in al examinations, to put the
program into effect.
Maynard Goldman, '59, SGC
treasurer, told Gregg he thought
his committee °"had overstepped
its bounds." The Council, he said,
had not voted in favor of an honor
system; and in fact, it had taken
great pains in its motion to set
up the honor system committee
not to commit itself. either way.
Gregg acknowledged his error.
Campus Chest Set
At the same meeting the Council
calendared the C a. m p u s Chest
charity drive for Oct. 28-Nov. 2,
and approved the Galens, medical
honorary, request for a city drive
on Dec. 6 and 7.
The Campus Chest committee
has been charged by the Council
to define the city and campus
areas at its next meeting, to deter-
mine the sections of the city which
Galens may cover.
Four Forums
Don Young,'58, Union president,
told the Council that the forum
committee' is. now planning four
programs.
At the same meeting, it was an-
nounced that Sue Rockne, n60, was
named chairman of the Public,
Relations Committee and P h i 1
Zook, '60, has been chosen to chair
the Elections Committee.
Janet Neary, '58, executive vice-
president- of the Council, and Judy
Martin, '59, council member, were
appointed to the Regional Execu-
tive Committee of the National
Student Association.
It was also announced at 'the
meeting that stwo students would
be chosen to sit on the University
Lecture Committee.
Reuther Told-
Auto Prices
Up to Makers
Airborne Replace
By 'National Guai
Massive Force Displayed at Sc]
1,000 Soldiers Remain in Little]
LITTLE ROCK, Ark. (M--Crack paratroopers wit
bayonets yesterday held back crowds of white pert
Central High School and escorted nine Negro stud(
and out of the integration-racked building.
More than 450 white troops of the 101st Airborne I
ringed the sprawling, buff brick school throughout t
but were relieved last night by units of the Arkansas N
Guard, now in federal service.
However, the regulars remained In bivouac behi
school, and an Army spokesman said there were nc
to relieve the airborne troops permanently. They we
of a 1,000-man task force air-"
By JAMES ELSMAN, JR.
Daily Editofa1 Director
special to The Daily
LITTLE ROCK, Ark. - As this
day begins, Little Rock maintains
a quietness that is nearly as
heavy, close and suspenseful as its
weather.
Law has come in the form of
at least 1,000 combat-ready troops
of the 101st Airborne Division
bivouacked on or near Central
High School.
These stern soldiers yesterday
set the pattern in citizen-soldier
relations when they rifle-butted
one man in the head and pricked
a bayonet cut into another's
shoulder.
Both men had challenged the
101st picket line.
No Interference
In the Central High School
auditorium, Major General Edwin
A. Walker told pupils, "Those who
interfere ... with the proper ad-
ministration. of the school will
be removed.. ."
Pupils reported "there were
federal troops all over in the
halls," and that "three or four
guards followed every nigger to
class."
Inside the school, a pupil who
called himself Joe Doaks said
that if federal troops had not
been inside the building, "They
(the Negroes) ,would have been
hurt bad."
Got Up and Left
Asked if he had seen any of the
Negro pupils, the same pupil said,
"Yeah, one of them sat near me.
in lunch. I got up and left."
The only incident in school
came in the morning when classes
were held up for more than an
hour by a bomb scare. The build-
ing was emptied while troops
searched for the alleged bomb.
No bomb was found and classes
were resumed at 9:22 a.m. The
Negro students went back into
the school under the protection
of bayonet-armed soldiers.
Guardsmen on Duty
The only troops now on guard
around the high school are Ar-
kansas National Guardsmen. Al-
though some Negro soldiers ar-
rived in Little Rock, none are onz
duty around the school.
Rumor in the city said Little
Rock's mayor, Woodrow Wilson
Mann, asked the federal govern-'
ment to send in the troops.
When asked if he had, Mayor
Mann said, "I cannot confirm or
deny, I cannot answer that ques-
tion."
When a pupil from the all-
Negro Saint Bartholomew school
was, asked by The Daily If she
would like to have been one of the
nine of her race to pioneer inte-
gration in Little Rock schools, she
said ,"I wouldn't want to mess
with the white trash that is mak-
ing the headlines today."
She said that, because of the
events of the lagt few days, herr
Negro school was only half full
yesterday. Parents, she said, were
See LITTLE F*OCK, page 2
lifted to Little Rock Tuesday
from Ft. Campbell, Ky.
One white civilian was clubbed
with a rifle butt and another man
suffered a bayonet cut on the arm
as the paratroopers broke up
clusters of sullen spectators.
About 1,200 white students-out
of an enrollment of 2,000 - had
entered Central Hjgh and'classes
had already started when an
Army station wagon brought the
Negro students - three boys and
six girls - to the campus at 9:20
a.m.
Soldiers Guard Negroes
A detachment' of paratroopers,
about 20 strong, surrounded the
Negroes as they got out of the
See story on 14th Amendment
Page 8
vehicle. The students and soldiers
marched up the front steps and
went inside quickly.
Inside, soldiers in full battle
dress guarded doors to the class-
rooms in which the Negroes stu-
died.
They marched alongside each
Negro pupil through corridors
when classes changed.
At about 3:30 p.m. the nine
were escorted by about a dozen
soldiers to the same Army station
wagon parked at a side entrance
and were driven away. An Army
spokesman said use of the side
entrance had no significance - it
simply was convenient.
Massive Force
The evidence of massive force
was everywhere around 'the
school.
Jeeps patrolled in and out
among the soldiers.
A helicopter hovered over the
scene during the morning, spot-
ting clusters of whites and radio-
ing their location to ground
troops.
- Soldiers, in tight, military for-
mations, double-timed with bay-
onets at port arms position to in-
vestigate trouble spots.
By noon the determined troops
had the area clear of whites ex-
cept those with identification.
When classes ended, small
groups of whites 'ere in the area
but a considerable distance from
the school.
Last night, all appeared quiet
in Little Rock.
GARGOYLE:
Tryouts
T onight
Gargoyle, the University's hu-
mor magazine, will open its 52nd
year of publication with a try-
out meeting at 7:30 p.m. today
in the Student Publications Bldg.,
420 Maynard St.
Jean Willoughby, '59, acting
managing editor, encourag~es all
interested students to seek posi-
tions on the art, lit'erary and busi-
ness staffs. Plans for the maga-
zine's coming season will be dis-
closed at the meeting and an
Russians (
Propagand
Out Of RIt
LONDON (A) - The RP
built a somewhat fictiona
drama around a real-lifen
girl of Little Rock and *
it yesterday to schoolrooms
Soviet Union.
This was the sort of em
tion President Dwight D.
hower has said can be e
from gloating enemies d
United States.
U ie Stts_ The Soviet radio told
listeners that lawless mob
taken over in Little Rock,
The program was a drar
account of racial violenceA
(zing a, Negro school girli
Elizabeth Eckford, the rea:
of one of the Little Rc
trying to get into a deseg
school at Little Rock.
Russian Actor
A Russian actor took th
ing part in the drama. [
Elizabeth got her first shoc
walking to school.
"She stopped in fright, d
her satchel with her boo]
felt her hair stand on eni
radio said'. "A .corpse h
from lamp post swung
fro in the win.
"On its chest was a boar
the inscription: 'This will1
to all who dare to sit on a
bench next to a white pers
"No, it's a dummy and
corpse.. . and the girl he
sigh of relief."
In another program for
Russian 'listeners, Moscow
"It is hard to believe t:
this (the Little Rock troul
taking place in the 20th c
in a country pridingitself
civilization, in a countr
claiming its democratic lit
for all to hear.'
Blast Faubus
In Europe this side of ti
Curtain left-wing papers
out all the stops in blasti
kansas Gov. Orval E. Faub
his white supporters in
Rock.
But the gravity of Pr
Eisenhower's intervention
recognized in more mil
comments than those of le
and Communist newspaper
London Daily Telegraph SE
use of federal troops wo
"fraught with grave conseq
for the American union."
In Paris, French polie w
the United States Emba
apologize for "Vive Faubus
which were painted on h
bassy walls during the gig
'Never Tolerafted'
The extreme right wing ]
newspaper Aurore declar
Lincoln, a Roosevelt or a T
would never have toleral
President Eisenhower no
permits it.
"But durini the time h
Daily Conducts Meetings
For 'Potential Staffers
October 10 has been set as the
signup deadline for Student Gov-
ernment Council's health and ac-
cident insurance --n'
App-:imately 5,000 students
have signed up for the program
already, according to Scott Chrys-
ler, '59E airman of the SGC
health committee.
He estimated that those who
1 ad already sent in mail applica-
bonsl should receive their plastic
ID cards within seven to 10 days..
They will be sent to the address
given on the application.
He said he was "well satisfied"
with the response so far. "We may
ver- well rr- 7,000, a figure that
we thought we'd have only an out-
side chance to attain. Subscrip-
titns are still coming in at the
rate of 150 daily."
SGC members will answer ques-
tions on the plan from 3 to 5:30
p.m. at the SGC offices in the
Student Activities Bldg. They will
also accept policy applications and
WASHINGTON, ( P-Secretary
of Commerce Sinclair Weeks yes-
terday told Walter Reuther, presi-
dent of the United Auto Workers
that automobile prices'are a mat-
ter for the manufacturers to de-
cide.
Reuther had asked the secre-
tary's support for a UAW proposal
that the automotive industry cut
prices on its 1958 models by an
average of $100 in return for pos-
sible union concessions in next
year's bargaining.-.
Secretary Weeks declined to an-
swer Reuther's request for sup-
port directly, but he did tell the
union leader:
"The management of business
enterprises has many factors to
consider in setting its prices. It
is the best judge when it comes to
maintaining the delicate balance
between profitable and unprofit-
able operation. If management's
judgement is in error, the con-
sumer will soon render his ver-
dict.'
World News Roundup
By The Associated Press
.
WASHINGTON-FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover estimated Wed-
nesday that 1,399,670 major crimes were committed in the United
States during the first six months of 1957.
This was 'the highest total for any half-year period on record.
...ae . e _ _ _. _ .. . z. . . - _ _ 1. _. ._ _
- auma m o w n