SHAME POF ELECTIONS DISHONESTY See Page 4 Y Sixty-Seven Years of Editorial Freedom ~~E~Ait I VOL. LXVIII, No. 129 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, MARCH 28. 1958 U.S. To Launch Rocket to Moon Eisenhower, McElroy Not Certain On Date for First Lunar Shooting WASHINGTON P)-The United States is going to send rocket scouts to take a close look at the moon. Orders for the "lunar probes" by unmanned space vehicles were issued yesterday by President Dwight D. Eisenhower and Secretary of Defense Neil McElroy. Neither the White House nor Defense Department would speculate on when the first moon shoot would be made. Some important parts of the equipment needed already exist. Follows Outline The decision to press forward, with what only a little while ago would have seemed a fantastic Russia, U.S. Needs Same -Boulding By LANE VANDEItSLICE Russia and the United States have more important, points of common interest than. conflict, Prof. Kenneth Boulding of the economics department said last night. The two countries have strong common interests in avoiding war, not letting other countries have the H-bomb and not getting in- volved in the: disputes of smaller countries, Prof. Boulding said. Mistake Possible Avoiding war can only mean disarmament, his - remarks indi- cated, because of the increasingly probable chance that some mili- tary man will make a mistake that will cause atomic war. He said that the United States or Russia could neither afford to let their allies have H-bombs be- cause H-bombs are "the great equalizer" or afford to get involved in the disputes of small countries because of the chance of atomic war. Russians 'Use' Talks It has become evident, he said, that the Russians want to use any project, followed by one day the President's publication ofirmoffi- cial "Introduction to Outer Space." This was an outline by his science advisory' committee of the- reasons for space exploration and its possibilities and problems. In this first long step, the gov- ernment authorized the Air Force and Army to proceed with pro- grams for launching four and per- haps five unmanned vehicles to explore "in the vicinity of the moon." Navy To Instrument The Navy is directed to begin p reparing. equipment for the ye- hicles ''which will send back an account of what is on the moon- probably including the still un- known far side. The army was told to launch two and possibly three more Ex- plorer-satellites in a continuation of the program which has put two of the three U.S. earth satellites into orbit. An initial allocation of about eight million dollars was ordered to start work on the over-all pro- gram. SOC To.Hear Discrimination Report Today A report from the membership restrictions committee and a mo- tion asking for a city law prohibit- ing housing discrimination will be presented to Student Government Council at 3:30 p.m. today. The Council meeting today will take the place of the regular Wednesday night meeting this week, due to count night Wednes- day. The membership restrictions committee was set up in February to investigate progress inremoving fraternity and sorority bias clauses. The housing discrimination law motion was tabled last week when SOC members raised questions concerning the 'legality of such a law.I Ron Gregg, '60, chairman'of the education and student welfare committee, will present a motion authorizing his committee to gath- er examinations for possible use' in a library examination file. TRADE President Says U.S. In Peril' WASHINGTON (I?) - President Dwight D. Eisenhower said last night America faces ""deadly per- il" from communism abroad and possible loss of jobs at home un- less Congress extends the admin- istration's foreign trade program. The President sounded those cautionary notes in a speech pre- pared for a dinner to rally bi- partisan support for the program. President Eisenhower, w h o s e talk was carried nationwide on television and radio, hammered hard at both the international and domestic aspects of foreign trade. He has asked Congress for a five-year extension of the Recip- rocal Trade Act and for authority to cut tariffs gradually up to 25 per cent under present levels. Economic Defense Needed "We should make everyone aware," the President said, "of the deadly peril impending if - through blindness - America and the free world are robbed of ade- quate economic defense against communistpenetration." As for the picture at home in 'relation to trade, President Eisen- hower said: "World trade makes jobs for at least four and one-half million American workers. At a time of slack in the econo- my like the present, these jobs should not be placed in jeopardy by-crippling our trade program." The President's speech climaxed a daylong rally at which Demo- cratic as well as Republican Ad- minisfration leaders plugged for enactment of the trade program. Dulles Speaks Secretary of State John Foster Dulles, who also addressed the ral- ly attended by more than a thous- and, said Congress would "en- danger our republic" if it failed to pass President Eisenhower's foreign trade bill. It was the second time in a month that. top Democratic lead- ers-had joined the administration in appeals to Congress. The first was in behalf of President Eisen- hower's foreign aid program. The theme of President Eisen- hower's talk was thta "trade is good for all America for its workers, its businessmen and its farmers." Trade Need Cited "The issue before the Congress and the American people in this spring of 1958," President Eisen- hower said, "is a momentous one: will we through apathy or ignor- ance see our trade program killed outright or gutted by amend- ments? Will we weaken ourselves by re- turning to the law of the jungle in trade relations between na- tions." President Eisenhower said that with many free world nations "trade is truly their economic life blood." As New Khrushc hev 'Criticized For Faculty Dismissal A report in the spring Bulletin of the American Association of University Professors charges Pres- ident Harlan Hatcher and the Regents of the University with violating "generally accepted prin- ciples of academic freedom and tenure." Prepared by an investigating committee of the association, the report criticized dismissal of Prof. Mark Nickerson, formerly of the pharmacology department, and H. Chandler Davis, formerly of the mathematics department, in 1954. Refused to Answer Dismissal of both men came after they refused to answer ques- tions put by a sub-committee of the House Un-American Activities Committee concerning present or past identification with the Com- munist Party and other political activities. Two committees were set up to consider the cases. The Faculty Senate Advisory Committee or- ganized a committee outside the bylaws procedure of the University to directly advise President Hatch- er. A committee provided for in University bylaws on academic tenure also considered the sus- pensions. Called "Unfair"' The chairman of the advisory committee, to President Hatcher. Prof. Russell Smith of the law school, called the AAUP criticism "unfair. "We went to #lengths to provide a fair trial. The fact that Presi- dent HMatcher wouldn't take any action until our group had advised him was certainly an attempt to be fair," he added. Prof. David ennison, physics department chairman and another member of the committee, con- sidered the AAUP action "unfor- tunate for the University," sug- gesting that it "could lead to ac- tion of censure" at the annual meeting of AAUP in April. Gave Best Attention "At the time, the members of the committee gave the very best of attention to all angles of the case they could discover. Prof. Amos Hawley, chairman of the sociology department, called attention to the fact that AAUP took four years to criticize the University. The AAUP report condemns the University administration for "pro- cedural inadequaciesgfor basing the dismissals on grounds iM- proper in themselves or unsup- ported by substantial evidence," and for "refusal to grant 'sever- ance pay." AAUP investigators also con- demned President Hatcher for "ar- bitrarily suspending the two men as soon as their refusal totestify became known." Failed To State Grounds The report charged the adminis- tration failed to state "withrea- sonable particularity"' the grounds for dismissal. Other deficiencies listed were failure to permit the accused to appear when witnesses testified before a University Senate faculty committee that heard the cases and failure of this committee to keep complete records of its hear- ings. Move Shows Historic Pattern-alis By MICHAEL KRAFT Nikita Khrushchev's assump- tion of direct government control reflects the Soviet pattern of one man -dictatorship which dates back to the Czars, Prof. William Ballis of the political science de- partment said last night. "The pattern is continuing even though Khrushchev condemned Stalin for being a dictator." However, the new prime min- ister attempts to appear as a member of the "collective lead- ership" and does not refer to him- self as the "vozhd," or leader. He reigns through the illusion of being the "primus inter pares," first among equals, Prof. Ballis said. Behind Red Name Law The specialist in Soviet politics said Khrushchev was behind pas- sage of a law last summer which prohibited the naming of cities or prizes after living communist leaders. "It will be interesting to see if the law wil be changed and whether there will be a glorifica- tion of Khrushchev." Prof. Ballis called the former Ukrainian miner "bold and ruth- less" and said "the wearing of two hats is a further indication of Khrushchev's personal suprema- cy over the party and state." Attempt to Gain Prestige He speculated that the assump- tion of official control was an at- tempt to get more prestige abroad, enabling him to negotiat formally with other heads of state. Khrush- chev's election yesterday to the post of prime minister gave him his first formal office in the So- viet ,government. The replacement of Marshal Bulganin was the third major shift in Soviet government lead- ership since Stalin died five years ago, Prof. Ballis said this also shows that the Soviet Union oper- ates according to what ih called a "permanent revolution" in which there has to be continual changes in the top government leadership to keep the system go- ing. It is uncertain how long Khrush- chev will remain in power but he has disposed of all his immediate- ly potential rivals, Ballis pointed out. Reuther Says Kohler Strike Actions Unfair WASHINGTON () - Walter Reuther conceded yesterday mass picketing and violence in the four- year Kohler Co. strike were im- proper and should not have hap- pened. Reuther, president of the United Auto Workers Union, told the Senate Rackets Committee the' UAW learned a great deal in the strike and would, in the future, guard against such practices. The UAW president told the Senate Rackets Committee he thought the President should ap- point a fact-finding board to ex- plore "the inhuman working con- ditions" in Kohler's plumbing fix- tures plant at Kohler, Wis., and then "deal with the issues." Takes Russian NIKITA S. KHRUSHCHEV NIKOLAI A. BULGANIN ... takes over ... "replaced" Religion in Modern World Summer Session tneme By BARTON HUTHWAITE "Religion in Contemporary Society" has been chosen as the summer session theme for this year, Program Director Prof. George Peek of the political science department said yesterday. The program is not designed as an explication of the religious faiths but is mainly interested in the impact of religion on the modern world, Prof. Peek said. Plays, lectures, and displays are scheduled for the summer series. "We hope to cover as many areas of intellectual activity as possible," Prof. Peek added. "The Potting Shed" by Graham Green and "The Flowering Peach" by Clifford Odet are scheduled to be presented by Ff the speech department.'IFC ficers University President Harlan Hatcher will deliver the first in a series of 12 lectures and discus-'-1 sions covering religion in present day society. T PA poa A former director of the Uni- versity's Student Religious Affairs Tau Epsilon Phi was given ten- office, Dr. Frank Littell, will de- tative approval to colonize at the liver an address on "Religion in University by the Executive Com- Postwar Europe." mittee of the , Interfraternity Niebuhr To Lecture Council last night. Religion in Contemporary -The Executive Committee's rec- America" will be discussed by Pof ommendation will come before the Aericha wilecusedy Pof. Fraternity President's Assembly Richard Niebuhr. Rev. George Tuesday as a motion to permit the Buttrick,- minister, of Harvard Memorial Church, will lecture on ruitonne oloize after formal h udaeo C is there a Dclin The motion also says the com- f Jmittee must review the decision America. before Nov. 15, of the University's New York Times correspondent outstate enrollment before grant- Harrison' Salisbury is scheduled to ing them finial approval. explain the problem of "Religion William Cross, assistant dean of Behind the Iron Curtain." men for fraternities, asked that Prof. Marilyn Mason, well- the committee review the decision known organist, will also present at that time. an organ concert at Hill Auditor- Cross explained he had recently ium during the summer series, received a letter from University The Stanley Quartet is expected President Harlan Hatcher say- to perform in a program entitled ing that it may be necessary to "Music and Present Day Church." reduce outstate enrollment if the MDisplays University's present appropria- Museums To Haveis ms tion is not increased by the state Tevrot mseu legislature. and libraries will have displays Since mostof the members of dealing with religion. Gallery lec- the "predominantly Jewish" fra- tures are also scheduled to be ternities come from outside of the presented, state, he said, the addition of an- Tentative lectures include a dis- other "predominantly Jewish" cussion of "Modern Church Archi- house might harm those already tcture" by Profe. Aldon Dow, and on campus. "Politics and Religion" by Prof. Tau Epsilon Phi was described Liston Pope. by its executive secretary as "pre- Panel discussions on "Religion dominantly Jewish." and Literature" and "Music and Brian Moriarty, '58E, an IFC Present Day Church" are now be- district representative, argued ing planned. that the Council should concen- PROF. KENNETH E. BOULDING *, advocates disarmament disarmament talks for peace as well as propaganda. Former dis- armament advisor Harold Stassen had made considerable progress in disarmament talks with the Rus- sians before Stassen was with- drawn, Prof. Boulding said. He criticized the stand on dis- armament of Secretary of State John Foster Dulles as being "too rigid." "It's quite clear that Dulles doesn't believe in disarmament at all," Prof. Boulding said. He disagreed with Dulles' policy. of containment of the Russians. The pressure that the United States has exerted around Russia has provided the justification for a strong Russian government, be said. Reds, U.S. 'Defenseless' His comments on Dulles and Stassen were part of his exposition of a theory of international rela- tions which says that with the development of modern arms, the United States and Russia have be- come too small to fight any more. "The better weapons we get, the more defenseless we are," Prof. Boulding said. Army Grant Awarded to U' WASHINGTON (IP) -- The Army has awarded a fonr-millinn NCAA SWIM MEET: G . 'M'OS U Lead Teams A fter First Day's Action By DICK MINTZ Michigan, the NCAA defending swim champion, gained 10 points last night in the opening round of intercollegiate competition at the Varsity Exhibition Pool to tie Ohio State for the lead position among the 59 teams entered. MSU with 7, Indiana 5, California Polytechnic 4, Illinois and Southern Methodist 3, and Utah 2, were the' only other point getters. Only two of the sixteen events, the 1500-meter freestyle and the one-meter diving, scheduled for the weekend tournament were programmed last night. Bill Steuart, MSU's powerfully built 5'11" sophomore, accounted for all six' I of State's points as he placed first in the 1,500-meter freestyle. The South African Olympic star and Big Ten 1,500-meter cham- pion was closely pressed through- out the gruelling 65-pool-lengths race by Indiana's John Parks. The sparse crowd was on its feet as Steuart, powerfully strok- ing the last length, passed under the wire in 18:45.8, only two- tenths of a second ahead of Park's 18:46. Woolley had matched strokes with Steuart for the first 220 yards of the race but faded soon. His finishing time of 19:06.6 was 16.6 seconds slower than the 18:50 eineirin. he +urnedin n. t+e is Joint Judie To Examine Electi By JOHN WEICHER Tentative returns on the Board in Control of Student Publications. yesterday indicated Interfrater- nity Council President Rob Trost, '58, Daily Business Manager Bob Ward, '58E, and Herman Besse-f link, Spec., have been elected. Student Government Council Treasurer Scott Chrysler, '59BAd; said last night Joint Judiciary Council has asked to see some of the ballots to determine possible election frauds. ion Fraud A subsequent re-examination of all ballots took too long for count- ers to finish tabulating Wednes- day night. At 2:30 a.m. yester- day, totals for only two candi- dates had been determined. Tabulating was completed yes- terday afternoon, Chrysler said. Chrysler said he expected re- turns on the election,.to be com- pleted by Monday. In the aftermath of Count Night, Elections Director Roger Mahey said the master list of polls receijvedu a owiiifor *iu for aamJ-