Sixty-Eighth Year
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How Did IGet In This Box?"

When Opinions Are Free
Truth will Prevail"

Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This mus t be noted in all reprints.

Y, MARCH 19, 1958

NIGHT EDITOR: DAVID TARR

Princeton Eating Clubs
Violate 'Genuine Democracy'

A. 2 t
Yro n

THE BASIC FACTOR in the recent dispute
at Princeton University is not the matter
of religious or racial discrimination, which
quite probably does exist in the clubs, but the
fact that the club system as it is today is not
adequate for the Princeton of today.
Once a school mainly for Catholic and Pro-
testant graduates of private schools, Princeton
today contains nearly a many graduates of pub-
lic as of private schools. Also, of the total un-
dergraduate enrollment of 2,900 students, about
one of every seven is Jewish.
But while the admissions policies at Prince-
ton have evolved to a more liberal degree, the
eating clubs have continued in the policies
which they followed at the turn of the century
Even as far back as the pre-World War I
period, Woodrow Wilson, then president of
Princeton, decried the club system as harmful
to the university. "My own ideals for the uni-
versity are those of a genuine democracy and
serious scholarship ... Any organization which
introduce elements of social exclusiveness con-
stitutes the worst possible soil for intellectual
endeavor , . . Any organization that has the
idea of exclusiveness at its foundation is an-
tagonistic to the best training for citizenship in
a democratic country . .. the clubs, as now or-
ganflzed, must go or Princeton will cease to be
an important element in university leadership
in this country."
The elements which Wilson deplored have,
yet to be eliminated from the clubs. The social
make-up of Princeton attaches a stigma to the
terms "independent" and "Jewish." This fac-
tor alone indicates how the student body of the
University, and Princeton differ. Here at the
University, we are accustomed to having a large
number of the undergraduate body unaffiliated,
independent, and the large percentage of Jew-
ish students in attendance disturbs no one
seriously.
Another aggravating factor is the boast of
the clubs themselves: "100 per cent of all the
men who want to join a club." At Michigan,
the Intrafraternity Council and Panhellenic
Association make no such rash statements. It
is an accepted fact that every rushee does not
pledge or even receive a bid, even if he or she
does want to. This sham idealism on the part
of the clubs creates many problems where there
might be far fewer problems.
If the clubs were to recognize that using
coercive measures to "persuade" unwanted
students to join the least desirable of the clubs
so the Inter-club Committee can again claim
"100 per cent" is the wrong way to accomplish
their ends, assuming that their ends are worth-
while, then some of the attendant hypocrisy
might be done away with.
PE BIGGEST OBSTACLE to removal of
these false practices and standards is the
virtual autonomy of the Inter-club Committee,
the governing body of the club system. Prince-
ton's administration has made it a policy not

to interfere with the decisions and actions of
the ICC.
Therefore, when ICC made their statement
concerning the 22 men who were not admitted
to any club, President Robert Goheen mere-
ly commented that these men sought "to im-
pose their wishes on the clubs . . . "The ad-
ministration did not even quarrel with the
logic in the ICC statement, faulty though it
was.
ICC claimed that since Prospect (the co-op
club) held an open bicker, every sophomore
received .a bid from Prospect, and therefore
any sophomore who wished to join a club
could join Prospect if he received a bid from
no other club. Therefore, the 22 men did not
really want to join a club, since they did not
join Prospect.
Thiis sort of sophistry makes the whole sys-
tem.look as false as it is. The only remedy
lies in removing the obstacle to a democratic
club or housing system, which can be ac-
complished by the administration taking over
some of the authority which the ICC wields,
and using it to inject a few more democratic
processes into the methods of selecting the club
members.
OR, RADICAL AS IT MAY SEEM, the uni-
versity might abolish the clubs altogether.
In a move to counter the problem which non-
membership in a club confers on a 'student,
President Goheen proposed a quadrangle be
built, with dining, social, recreation and study
facilities, as in the clubs, but with living quar-
ters also. He expressed the hope that such a
facility would alleviate the problem of the
sophomore having to' choose between "a club
or nothing." Unfortunately, this ignores the
still-existent matter of discrimination in the
clubs.
An alternative to abolishing the clubs would
be for the members to instigate radical re-
forms in the club system themselves, but,
since year after year passes and no one has
yet taken the initiative, it is. safe to assume
reforms will not come from the students.
Another more possible alternative to com-
plete abolition would be university control of
the placing of students in the clubs, where
students would be received as memrlers with-
out any regard to racial or religious prefer-
ence, as Harvard University places students in
the housing units.
Whatever solution the university and the
clubs may choose, it 1s very clear that the so-
cial system at Princeton needs a complete
overhaul. Students who spend months absorb-
ing Thoreau and Plato and Kant should not
be willing to accept so undemocratic a philoso-
phy as displayed by the clubs, especially during
bicker. Perhaps when these reforms are ac-
complished, Princeton may be able to offer to
her students as satisfying a social life as the
academic one is.
-SELMA SAWAYA


d,
&'9Ys aaIAt~gM6N. J P

WF O

'UNFAIR COMPETITION':
Domestic Industries
Fight Reciprocal Trade
By J. 1M. ROBERTS
Associated Press News Analyst
F R MANY YEARS NOW the United States has tempered trade
protectionism policies with the realization that if she wants to sell
abroad, she also must buy there.
This meant a compromise between the interests of many manu-
facturers, who claimed they could not compete with low-cost foreign
labor, and the agricultural regions, particularly the cotton-exporting
South.
It was a long fight, and resulted in the reciprocal trade policy
which permits the executive department to negotiate tariffs and quota#

t

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R; "r o

resew':. :, ;, ,:

DST-CAM

WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:
Texans Make Tax Truce
: « >: Dy DREW PEAR.SON

WASHINGTON-The Secretary
of the Treasury, Bob Ander-
son, made an unusual private.
statement about the Vice-Presi-
dent of the United States the oth-
er day in a talk with Speaker Sam
Rayburn. In brief he said, "Don't
pay any attention to Nixon."
The statement was made during
a tax-cutting truce arranged by
Secretary Anderson and Rayburn,
aimed at halting the rash of
statements and counter-state-
ments, moves and counter-moves,
whieli might have chopped the
American tax structure to pieces.
*.* *
RAYBURN and Anderson are
both from Texas. Sam is from
Bonham, while Anderson is from
Vernon, which, as distances go
in Texas, is not far away. At
Vernon, 'Anderson once managed
the 500,000-acre Waggoner Ranch
and sometimes sold calves to
Sam's old friend Sid Richardson.
It was Richardson, a Democrat
who supported Eisenhower, who
first got Anderson, also a Repub-
licrat, into the Eisenhower Cab-
inet as Secretary of the Navy.
So when Vice-President Nixon
began publicly urging a tax cut,
and House Democrats began
whittling their pencils to write a
bill beating the Republicans to a
tax . cut, Secretary Anderson
phoned his Texas friend, the
Speaker. And they both agreed on
a tax truce. Neither would try to
stampede the Congress or the
country into a tax cut.
Before this truce, however,
some interesting things had hap-
pened. One was a running debate
inside the Administration regard-
ing the best means of remedying

the depression. The Cabinet has
been split right down the middle.
On one side, Nixon, Attorney Gen-
eral Rogers, Secretary of Labor
Mitchell and Secretary of the in-
terior Fred Seaton want fast ac-
tion to cut taxes and adopt oth-
er forms of job relief.
On the other side, Secretary of
the Treasury Anderson, Secretary
of Commerce Weeks, Secretary of
Agriculture Benson, S h e r m a n
Adams, and Economic Adviser
Raymond Saulnier all oppose.
They* believe business will start
picking up this spring, want to
wait for the final figures for
March, point out that you can't
spend money for public works and
cut taxes at the same time.
THE SITUATION is delicate,
inasmuch as the Treasury has to
raise three billion in cash to fi-
nance the government next
month, and Secretary Anderson
wants to coordinate his money-
raising policies with the Adminis-
tration's anti-recession program.
Nixon, making a strong pitch to
Ike for fast action, showed the
President a confidential political
survey indicating that the reces-
sion had hit the Republicans so
hard that if the election were held
today, the Democrats would win
by a landslide. He urged a $5,000,-
000,Q00 cut in income taxes be-
fore the Democrats acted first.
This preceded the Vice-President's
statement last week proposing a
tax cut.
These were some of the back-
stage factors behind the call to
Speaker Rayburn by Secretary
Anderson and their Texas truce
that neither side would make a

move on taxes without consulting
the other.
The price of stamps i'n't the
only headache for Postmaster
General Summerfield. He also has
the problem of stamp design, the
latest involving enough clothes on
a scantily clad Greek goddess
commemorating "fertility" and
"the horn of plenty."
Summerfield had to delay the
American satellite stamp last De-
cember after Russia hoisted a
Sputnik and we didn't. Again he
had to revamp the stamp com-
memorating religious tolerance,
because the artist had put a Pil-
grim's hat on the Bible. Summer-
field redid the stamp, put the hat
beside the Bible.
* S S
AND NOW with the latest gar-
den and horticultural club stamp,
he has personally undertaken the
problem of dressing a lady.
Denver Gillen; the commercial-
artist who designed the garden
club stamp, featured a Greek god-
dess holding the horn of plenty
and left her about as undraped as
Greek goddesses usually were in
ancient times.
The Postmaster General took
one look at the design and ordered
more clothes on the lady. Having
cracked down on magazines for
carrying nude pictures through
his mails, Summerfield didn't
want to circulate similar "art" on
the outside of his letters.
So the goddess of fertility now
appears not only draped, but
heavily draped. Except for one
bare leg, she is so heavily robed
that if she did any real garden-
ing she would perspire copiously.
(Copyright 1958 by Bell Syndicate, Inca

within limits. The fight isn't over.
Even the South, becoming more
and more industrialized, is more
protectionist than formerly. This
is offset by increasing industrial
interests in foreign markets.
The reciprocal policy was adopt-
ed as an economic measure. It has
become an important part of
United States Foreign relations.
It is a factor in overcoming dis-
parity between the amount of
American goods needed by her
allies and their ability to pay,
EVERY TIWE the program
comes up for extension, however,
as it does this year, Congress is
belabored by hundreds of busi-
nesses and industries who feel
damaged by foreign competition.
Right now, for instance, seafood
producers are demanding prote-
tion. They claim there is no recip-
rocity; in their business, and call
foreign competition unfair.
Seafood distributors on the other
hand, say that the domestic supply
is insufficient and argue for un-
restricted imports.
Throw in the diplomatic angle,
and it's a neat little problem.
* * *
NOT DIRECTLY involving re-
ciprocal trade but a part of the
general trade and aid problem is
the proposal for United States
help in opening iron mines in
India.
India is pushing development of
her natural resources. Lacking
Western help, she will accept Rus-
sian.
But Nevada mines sell ore to
Japan. Mines in India would beat
them out. Japan is expected to
contribute to the Indian project.
So the Nevadans-and the port of
Stockton, Calif., through which
the ore moves, are fighting the
project before the Commerce De-
partment.
Executive decisions in such mat-
ters are based on the national
interest-in this case the friend-
ship of India-as weighed against
the economic interest of domestic
business:
And in a time of business in-
stability, such decisions become
extremely difficult,
Destiny?
461/
AN OLD IDEA was coming to life
again-the idea that only Gen.
Charles de Gaulle, hero of the
wartime Resistance, could save
France.
Many, Frenchmen believe that
he can end the anguish of the
Algerian war and bring political
order to their country.
Aloof from politics in recent
years, de Gaulle, his friends indi-
cate, is not unwilling to become
France's man of destiny. Bitter
political enmities bar his way and
intimates insist he will never at-
tempt a coup d'etat.
Last week, at his lonely Colom-
bey-les-deux-Eglises retreat, de
Gaulle once again waited the call
to lead. Many are convinced that
it will surely come this time.
-Newsweek

DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
The Daily Official Bulletin S an
official publication of the Univer-
sity of Michigan for which the
Michigan Daily assumes no edi-
toral responsibility. Notices should
be sent"In TYPEWITEN form to
Room 3519 Administration Build-
ing, before 2 p.m. the day preceding
publication. Notices for Sunday
Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday.
WEDNESDAY, MARCH 19, 195
VOL. LXVIII, NO. 121
General Notices
Linguistics Club Meeting Wed., Mar.
19 at 8:00 p.m. in Radham Assembly
Hal. Speaker: Prof. Peter Boyd-Bow-
man, Kalamazoo College, "The Spanish
Language in America - A Fusion of
Cultures."
Research Club will meet wed., March
at 8:00 p.m. In the Rackham Amphi.
theatre. Two papers will be presented:
"Current Views on Plant Nutrition" by
Prof. A. G. Norman (Botany) and "A
Persian Prophet: Zoroaster" by Prof.
.U,. Cameron.
There will be an International Cen-
ter Tea, sponsored by the International
Center' and the International Students
Association this Thurs., March 20, 1958
from 4:30 to 6:00 p~m. at the Interna-
tional Center. This tea will be in honor
of Pakistani Republic Day.
The Annual spring meeting of the
University Senate will be held Mon.,
April 21, at 4:15 p.m. in Rackham Le-
ture Hall.
Agenda, Student Government Coun-
len, March 19, 1958, 7:30 p.m., Council
Room.
Minutes of the previous meeting.
Officer reports: President; Vice-Presi-
dent (Exec.) Interviewing and NoIni-
nating Committee, Year End Reports,
Honors Convocation; Vice-President
(Admin.); Treasurer -- Homecoming
Funds, allocation.
University Housing Committee, re-
port.
Human Relations - Motions.
Standing Committees: Elections, Na-
tional and International - Mock UN
at Indiana; Public Relations; Educa-
tion and Student Welfare; Interim ac-
tion: Requekta'from Student Organia-
ions: Activities, Recognition, Revised
'Constitutions.
Old Business: Count Rules, motion;
University Reading and Discussion
Committee.
New Business.
Constituents time .
Members time.
Announcements.
Adjournment.
The Mary L. Hinsdale Scholarship
amounting to $134.41 (interest on the
endowment) is available to single un-
dergraduate women who are wholly or
partially self-supporting and who do
not live in University residence baHe
or sorority houses. Single girls with
better than average scholarship and
need will be considered. Application
blanks are obtainable at the Alumnae
Council Office Michigan League and
must be filed by April 21, 1958.
The Lucy E. Elliott Fellowship ear-
rying a stipend of $750.00 will be
awarded this spring to a woman grad-
uate student, from any University or
College for use at the University of
Michigan, in the fall term, 1958. The
recipient is chosen on the basis of
personality, achievement, and scholas-
tic ability with preference shown to
those doing creative work. Application
blanks are obtainable at the Alumnae
Council Office, Michigan League and
must be filed by April 21 ,1958.
The Laurel Harper Seeley Scholarship
amounting to $200.00 is available to
both graduate and undergraduate wo-
men, though preference is given the
latter. Criteria for the award are schol-
astic achievement, contribution to Uni-
versity life and financial need. Appli-
cation forms are obtainable at the
Alumnae Council Office, Michigan
League and must be filed by April 21,
1958.
Lectures
University Lecture by Professor Peter
Boyd-Bowman, Kalamazoo College, "Re-
gional Origins_ of the Early Spanish
Colonists of America." Wed., Mar. 19,
4:15 p.m., Angell Hall Aud. C. (Lec-
ture under the joint auspices of the
Department of Romance Languages
and the Program in Linguistics.)
"What Balance Between Science and
the Humanities in the Missile Era?"
will be discussed by Prof. Robert White
(Adviser to the University Science En-
gierigPoga)an ro.AgoHn

gineerin Program) nd Pof. loHn
derson (former President of Antioch
College) at an open Sociology Under-
graduate Forum in Aud. B, Angell Hall,
Wed., March 19 at 4:00 p.m. All stu-
dents and faculty are: invited.
University Lecture in Anthropology,
Prof. Sol Tax, chairman, Department
of Anthropology, University of Chicago,
will speak on "Action Anthropology,"
Aud. C, Angell Hall, Thurs., arch 20
4:15 p.m.
American Chemical Society Lecture.
Dr. Heinz Gerischer of the Max Planck
Institute, Germany, will speak on
"Methods of Investigation of Past Elec-
trde Reactions," on Thurs., March 20,
at 7:30 p.m. in Room 1300 of=the Chem-
istry Bldg.
Concerts
Chamber Music Program Postponed.

'4


0

I

The Loneliness. of Initiative

4

LAST MONDAY night some people, members
of several campus organizations, and others
who were interested, met to establish a group
to study dormitory integration policy.
This kind of thing can make a valuable
contribution to the University climate. Simply
a group of students working together on a
problem with which they are concerned, and
working spontaneously,, and not because its
their job, is a rarity on campus.
The group helps to provide a student esprit
de corps, and represents a genuine concern
for the well-being of at least one aspect of
the University. And finally, it represents a
group of students with a new and different con-.
cept of student maturity-students who see a
problem and wish to cope with it, without some
kind of University established structure-com-
pletely on their own.
In fact, this is the kind of thing the Uni-
versity's various student governments should
and would be doing if they were not .so busy
playing administration.
The issue does not matter very much. The
fact that these people are students clearly
working for students and relating themselves
to some specific student needs does matter.
The irony and the need for such a group is
pointed up when a student leader can stand off
and scold for not going through proper chan-
nels. This student leader may if she wishes
stand and wait for them to do this, and she
may even stand and wait all year. This is an-
other student government problem.
Instead, she and other student leaders should
be dreadfully embarrassed -embarrassed be-
cause the new group did not bother to consider
them. The reasons for not bothering are unim-
portant too. Perhaps the leaders did not know
her organization existed, or did not think the
organization had anything to offer, or perhaps
it just did not have any faith in "proper chan-

nels." In any case it is a rather sad commen-
tary on the state of student government in
general.
The students of this group are planning to
operate in an orderly and responsible fashion.
And they are students. As long as the group
is not planning to bomb the administration
building tomorrow, we fail to see why student
leaders themselves should not condescend and
make contact with the group, and offer help
rather- than heckle.
We do not believe it is necessary for student
government to agree with the group's aim to
lessen discrimination, although we doubt more
than a few could find anything less than ad-
mirable.
WH AT OUR STUDENT leaders fail to realize
is that they are obligated to other student
groups, not the other way around. And if
nothing else, student government would be
helping a group of students to understand the
University in meaningful terms, and student
government is, although it fails often to re-
member it, a student group.
Criticisms are very often leveled at our stu-
dent government groups because they have
poor communications (witness a food demon-
stration last year which leaders knew little
about), and that they are out of touch with the
rest of the campus.
There are ways to reach this involvement.
Inter-House Council should encourage its com-
mittee on discrimination to maintain close con-
tact with the group; this in no way need imply
endorsement of the group's final report, but
would help each group not only gain more
information, but even prove MC's direct in-
volvement in student problems.
SGC should encourage its Human Relations
Board in the same manner. This group, theo-
retically, was established to combat discrimina-
tion on campus. Very often a group of nine
students can be very much more effective when
working with other groups, than it can be.

4
4'


LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:
Reuther, UAW Called Responsible, Sincere

In Defense .. .
To the Editor:
. KRAFT'S article on the
danger to our country of
Walter Reuther (March 12) raises,
to my mind, a number of inter-
esting points. The first is just what
recourse does a union leader have
when he is attacked in a Congres-
sional hearing by a Senator un-
sympathetic to his point of view?
The union leader must resort to
outside sources to answer the
widely publicized charges. It is of
prime importance that the union
leader defend himself, for he is
an election official of his union,
responsible to his membership,
even to his nation, and such a
charge as to his integrity ques-
tions his right to hold such a posi-
tion.
In this case, I feel Mr. Reuther
is sincere in his proposal to have
an impartial group of clergymen
pass on his suggested "danger."
The irresponsible charge as to his
danger was originally raised by
Senator Goldwater, and the very
nature of this charge must require
a vigorous answer.
It is true that Mr. Reuther, as

power, the former far outstripping,
the latter.
There also exists a serious price
inflation, unjustified by business
costs in the form of wages, for
net profits after taxes would have
been ample without price increase.
The UAW proposal for a general
non-inflationary wage increase
calls for a more dynamic balance
of purchasing power and produc-
tive power, and is partly in re-
sponse to the auto firms refusal
to cut prices, presently excessive
in terms of productivity progress
in the industry. Unable to achieve
reduced prices for the auto con-
sumer, the union works to increase
the purchasing power of its work-
ers "in a field employing directly
or indirectly one out of every
seven Americans."
It is also to be stressed that
the bargaining proposals are flex-
ible in response to the particular
firms profit situation. Workers re.
ceiving a more full representation
of the fruits of advanced tech-
nology as reflected in productivity
and profit increases should re-
place Mr. Kraft's statement of
"more rewards for less effort."
The profit sharing plan of the

years, and I suggest that the profit
sharing scheme, or a modification
of it, will gain acceptance in the
next few years.
The current and past United
Auto Workers proposals formulated
by Walter Reuther and his highly
competent and economically aware
staff suggest a high level of eco-
nomic responsibility, for workers
in auto, for the country as a whole.
To some people Reuther and his
union are a very real "danger"-
a danger in the sense that they
represent responsible, honest
union government free from man-
agement influences with respect to
unfair labor practices, free from
gangster control. This union can-
not be. "bought out," can't be in-
fluenced or intimidated, and this
is a source of great fear to Sena-
tor Goldwater and others like him.
-David Brindle, '58
Rebuttal ... *
To the Editor:
IN ANSWER to Mr. Goodrich's
letter of March 14 concerning
local eat shops, we. have a few
comments and queries..
When was the last time you
washed your hands before eating

fections range from inarticulate
mumbling to outright rudeness.
We are thankful that the cus-
tomers we serve are not of this
caliber.
You expect a cheery smile from
a waiter all the time, but nine
times out of ten you don't recipro-
cate. If you recognized good serv-
ice when you saw it, would you tip?
Also, when was the last time you
even gave a thought about the
problems of the guy waiting on
you?
Concerning the food's being
cold when eaten, it was probably
a result of the extended conversa-
tion with the person "sitting across
the table after the meal was
placed before you. Food prices here
are not unreasonable - out-of-
towners vouch for that. If you
want an ax to grind, try book
prices and rents. The "re-heat" on
coffee depends on the policy of the
owner, not the waiter. Most places
have cancelled that policy because
of customer abuse. There is a line
between a "re-heat" and freeload-
ing.
We have seen kitchens of so-
called first-class restaurants. The
only difference is that in the small
places the kitchen is visible to the
.... i.. a flit a a n an in, nI Mumttt