p PAGE S!M THE MTCHIGAN DAILY .ill[ 1L/ 1 *WEmNESDf.AY, MAY 5,-195 7 ; SURVEY SHOWS TREND: South Proceeding Slowly with Desegregation -W By ROGER GREENE Associated Press Newsfeatures Writer On May 17, 1954, the United States Supreme Court handed down its historic decision ordering the states to end racial discrimina- tion in the nation's public schools with "alldeliberate speed." Now, three years later, the em- phasis falls heavily on the word "deliberate" - meaning "slow in action . .. unhurried"-with little evidence of "speed" in most of the critical areas. A surveilshows the Deep South is still fighting doggedly to main- tain segregation as part of what Dixie spokesmen call the tradi- tional "Southern way of life." Sidestep Measures -Almost without exception, Southern legislatures have passed measures such as Alabama's and Medicine' Efect Told Shryock "Down to the present century society had constantly influenced medicine, but medicine had no great reaction on society," Prof. Richard H. Shryock, of Johns Hopkins University said yester- day. "But modern medicine in the 20th century has a tremendous influence on society -in bringing down death rates and extending the average life expectancy," he continued. Speaking on "The Interrelation of Medical and Social History in in the United States," he said, "there is some evidence that the desire to escape from diseases (e.g. tuberculosis) encouraged some domestic migration to states such As Florida and, Minnesota during the mid-nineteenth cen- tury." Dr. Shryock, director of the In-l stittfte of Medical History at Johns Hopkins, also said that cur- rent moves for compulsory health insurance revive 18th century ideas "which were present in theI FrenchRevolution and led to the formation of the Marine Hospi- tal Insurance Service in this1 country' about 1800." 'As medicine matured and re-E vived its utility," he said, there arose more dengand for care. "However, as\ the people's de- mands increased, the less they1 could afford to pay -- due to mounting medical costs. This, perhaps, accounts for current. in- terest in compulsory insurance,"1 he finished.I Virginia's "pupil assignment" laws designed to sidestep school de- segregation in open defiance of the Supreme Court decree. Several states, notably Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina and South Carolina, have threatened to abolish schools if the situation becomes "intolerable." In one form or another, this has been the pattern throughout the South.as sporadic outbursts of mob violence have generally subsided and Southern lawmakers have erected formidable legal obstacles to defeat the high court's mandate by peaceful defense rather than by frontal assault. Progress on Fringe By contrast, there has been con- siderable progress toward desegre- gation in the so-called "border states" on the fringe of the South. And it is here that some authori- ties see the beginning of a long- range trend which they believe will eventually spread to the Deep South. As viewed by these experts, the desegregation process will be like throwing stones into a lake, with the first splashes developing in the border states and the ripples gradually reaching out farther and farther into the heart of Dixie itself. Latest figures show there are now 674 school districts in South- ern or border sttaes where deseg-r See page three for story on the Reverend Martin Luther King.{ regation is either under way or completed, leaving about 3,000I districts still segregated. Improvements Recently At first glance, the figures ap- pear to indicate marked progress in the last three years, with more than one-sixth of the 3,674 dis- tricts reported striving, with var- ied degrees of intensity, to obeyt the high tribunal's mandate. But the other five-sixths unquestion- ably represent a much tougher nutt to crack. Here, in brief, is a rundown onX key states in the controversy, with indications as to the degree of pro- gress toward desegregation in eachg and the state's offical attitude: t Alabama-No progress; pro-seg-( regation. I un Ek JOWAR INTERATIO OTDEL ~ or- FrriSmePrgrs WAS 4 °*! Segregation jintegrationt I ~ Coniderable Progress APesetrs Di ded [Nitrte iiComplete Integratiorn (p fi t . 'U' Students, Win Grants Two University students were awarded study grants by the Ford Foundation today. James Crowley, Grad., ,and Hugh Patrick, *Grad., will both spend one year in Japan training in foreign area studies and inter- national relations. Crowley, who is taking gradu- ate work in history, will use his fellowship to study modern Jap- anese history. Patrick will concentrate on Japanese economy and language training. In addition, the University was selected for graduate study by an- other recipient of a Foundation grant. An undergraduate student in political science at Smith Col- lege, Drusilla Chartran, of Wash- ington, D.C., will study for one year on Near Eastern studies and Arabic language training. The fellowships are part of the Ford Foundation program to fur- ther international understanding by increasing the number of Am- ericans trained professionally in foreign affairs. Applications for 1958-59 fellowships will be taken until Nov. 1, 1957. DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN (Continued from Page 4) structor (such as, for example, clarity of presentation) not covered in pre- vious questions, which you consider to be especially good or poor, and offer any suggestions which you have for the improvement of the course. Meeting of all Freshmen and Sopho- mores planning to concentrate in Phy- sical Therapy, or interested in know- ing more about Physical Therapy, on Thurs., May 16 at 7:15 p.m., Room 1603, first floor, Main Building of Univer- sity Hospital. Movie followed by dis- cussion and some demonstrations in the Physical Therapy Clinic. Anyone interested will be welcome. Concerts Student Recital, John Quincy Adam- son, pianist, will ,perform compositions by Bach, Mozart, Debussy, and Proko- fieff, at 8:30 p.m. Wed., May 15 in Aud. A, Angell Hall. Adamson is a pupil of Joseph Brinkman. This recital, in par- tial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Music, is open to the public. Concert Cancelled: The concert by the Michigan Singers, Maynard Klein, conductor, previously announced for Thursday evening, May 16, in Hill Audi- torium, has been cancelled. Carillon Recital by Percival Price, University Carillonneur, 7:15 p.m. Thurs. May 16, continuing his series of spring programs: The Modern Re- naissance of Carillon Music in the Netherlands. Arrangements for Key- board carillon by J. A. H. Wagenaar II and L. 't Hart; modern Dutch car- illon compositions before world War II, and Dutch carillon compositions since World War II. Copies of the en- tire series are available in the School of Music office. Academic Notices Botany 1 Makeup Examination will be given on Thurs., May 16 at 7:30 p.m. in Room 2033, Natural Science. Botanical Seminar. James Hardin, Department of Botany, will speak on "A Monographic Study of the Ameri- can Buckeyes" Wed., May 15, 4:15 p.m. 1139 Natural Science. Refreshments at 4:00 p.m. Interdepartmental Seminar onAp- plied Meteorology: Engineering. Thurs., May 16, 4 p.m., 307 West Engineering Bldg. James A. Ruffner will speak on "The Effect of Climate in Relation to the Modern Use of G'lass in Building Construction" - Chairman: Prof. Floyd N. Calhoon. 402 Interdisciplinary Seminar on the Application of Mathematics to Social Science, Room 3401 Mason Hall, Thurs., May 16, 3:15-4:45 p.m., S. S. Stevens, "Psychophysics and the Theory of Scales," (Harvard University) Profs. Freedman, Landecker, Sharp, and Wishneff of the Sociology Depart- ment invite all interested undergradu- ates to the final coffee hour of the year in the Sociology Lounge, 5611 Haven Hall, Thurs., May 16 between 4:00 and 5:00 p.m. Applied Mathematics Seminar,. Thurs., May 16 at 4:00 p.m. in Room 246, West Engineering Building. Prof. Paul Naghdi will speak on the "Elastic- Plastic Wedge." Refreshments at 3:30 p.m. in Room 274, West Engineering. Seminar in Mathematical Statistics: Thurs., May 16, 4-6 p.m. in Room 3201, Angell Hall. Richard Legault will dis- cuss three papers of Wilk and Kemp- thorne on the analysis of factorial ex- periments in a completely randomized design. Coffee at 5:00. Political Science Graduate Round- table Thurs., May 16, at 8:00 p.m. in the Rackham Amphitheater. Prof. Tay- lor Cole of the Department of Political Science at Duke University will speak on "Research Problems. Concerning the British Commonwealth." Refreshments. Doctoral Examination for Frank Brown Livingstone, Anthropology; the- sis: "The Explanation of the Distri- bution of the Sickle Cell Gene in West Africa with.Particular Reference to Li-+ beria", Wed., May 15, 301 Special Pro- jects Building, at 1:00 p.m. Chairman, F. P. Thienie. Doctoral Examination for David Ran- dall Luce, Philosophy; thesis: "Causal' Relations Between Mind and Body: A New Formulation of the Mind-Body Problem", Wed., May 15, East Council Room, Rackham Building, at 2:00 p.m. Chairman, Paul Henle. Doctoral Examination for Gayle Her- bert Nelson, Anatomy; thesis: "The1 Thoracic Duct and Its Necessary Ve-7 nous Communications", Wed., May 15, 3502 East Medical Building, at 3:00 p.m. Chairman, R. T. Woodburne.4 Doctoral Examination for Earl Albert Ebach, Chemical Engineering; thesis: "The Mixing of Liquids Flowing Through Beds of Packed Solids," wed., May 15, 2040 E. Engineering, at 3:00 p.m. Chairman: R. R. White, Doctoral Examination for Leslie Rob- ert Beach, Education; thesis: "The Re- lationship Between Sociability, Satis- faction, and Academic Achievement in various Types of Learning Situations", Thursday. May 16, 1600 University Eie- mentary School, at 2:00 p.m. Chairman, W. A. Ketcham. Doctoral Examination for Martin Burgess Green, English Language and Literature; thesis: "The Reputation of D. H. Lawrence in America", Thurs., May 16, West Council Room. Rackham Building, at 3:30 p.m. Chairman, J. L. Davis, Doctoral Examination for Henry Pe- ter Ippel, History; thesis: "Jeffery, Lord Amherst, British Commander-In- Chief, 1778 to 1782", Thurs., May 16, 3609 Haven Hall, at 2:00 p.m. Chair- man, W. B. Willcox. Doctoral Examination for E. Orville Johnson, Speech; thesis: "Oliver P. Morton: A Study of his Career as a Public Speaker and of his Speaking on Slavery, Civil War, and Reconstruction Issues", Thurs., May 16, East Council Room, Rackham Building, at 2:00 p.m. Chairman, W. M. sattler. Doctoral Examination for John An- thony Wallwork, Zoology; thesis: "The Acarina of a Hemlock-Yellow Birch Forest Floor", Thurs., May 16, 4048 Nat- 'ural Science Building, at 9:00 a.m. Chairman, S. A. Graham. Placement Notices Personnel Requests: Hosker Electrochemical Co., Mon- tague, Mich., has an opening for a Chemical Engineer for the Process Study Group. Spaulding Fibre Co., Inc., Lansing, Michigan, needs a Sales Engineer for Industrial Plastics. Y.W.C.A., Ft. Wayne, Ind., is looking for a Teen-Age Program Director and an Assistant Physical Education Direc- tor. McKesson and Robbins, Inc., Bridge- port, Conn., has an opening for a Pharmacologist in the Research Labs. Container Corp. of America, Chicago, Ill., needs an Industrial Engr. to work as Staff Assistant to the Mgr. of In- dustrial Engrg. Maryland State Insurance Dept., Bal- timore; Md., has an opening for an Ac- tuarial Assistant. For further information contact the Bureau of Appointments, 3528 Admin. Bldg., ext. 3371. Summer Placement: There will be a Summer Placement Meeting today at the Union from 9- 4:45 in Room 3-G. Two Real Silk representatives, Roy Jenkins of Detroit and Paul Schrader of Kalamazoo will Interview men and women students for jobs during the summer. They will be at Room 30 of the Michigan Union from 9-4:45 on Wed., May 15. Mrs. Gross of the Ann Arbor YWCA will interview from 1-4:45 for general counselors. 4 A representative from Hilltop Camp, Walloon Lake, Mich., will interview. Mr. E. W. Deason of Bay Court Camp needs 3 college boys for general cabin counselling. Chesapeake & Ohio Railway Co., Sag- inaw, Div., needs a Civil E. to work as Rodman during the summer. Dunlap & Co., Inc., Columbus, Ind., needs a sophomofe in Architecture for summer work. I Ii 751 whites and Negroes are attend- ing integrated schools out of the state's total school enrollment of 63,954. District of Columbia-Complete integration. White student enroll- ment dropped by 4,011 between October 1955 and October 1956, while Negro enrollment jumped 4,846. Steady white exodus to sub- urbs may account for part of drop in white enrollment. Negroes ac- count for 68 per cent of district's total school enrollment. . Nothing Done in Florida Florida-No progress; moderate to strong pro-segregation. Georgia-No progress; strongly pro-segregation. Kentucky -- Considerable pro- gress; pro-integration. Public has generally accepted desegregation, but outbreaks of mob action in Clay and Sturgis brought out Na- tional Guard. Louisville has de-, action. Four of nine private col- leges accept Negroes. Maryland - Considerable pro- gress; strongly pro - integration. Thirteen of the state's 23 school districts plus Baltimore city have desegregated in practice but not all schools are mixed. Negro teach- ers average $4,358 a year salary, white teachers $3,912. More than one-fourth of students are Negroes. Mississippi-No p r ogr e s s; strongly pro - segregation. Total white students 275,722, Negroes -268,216. Missouri Favors Mixing Missouri-Considerable progress; pro-integration. About 59,000 of the state's 67,000 Negro students are in "integrated situations." Only four high schools remain segre- gated. All 15 state-supported col- leges now admit Negroes. Some Negro teachers are teaching mixed and predominantly white classes. North Carolina-No progress ex- cept at college level; pro-segrega- tion. Three units of consolidated University of North Carolina have Negro students under 1955 court order. Oklahoma - Considerable pro- gress; generally pro - integration. Of the state's 261 school districts having Negroes, 195 have begun to desegregate, but in 12 of these dis- tricts no Negroes have moved into all-white schools. All 18 state-sup- ported colleges accept Negroes. South Carolina - No progress; strongly pro-segregation. Tennessee-Slight progress; of- ficial attitude is neutral. About 8,- 870 whites and 261 Negroes are in "integrated situations" out of total of 627,781 whites and 128,165 Negro students. Clinton high school, scene of racial violence, is only de- segregated school in the state. Nashville has announced plans to desegregate. Texas-Some progress; official attitude is divided. Out of the state's 1,802 school districts, 104 have begun to desegregate. About 525,000 of the state's 1,691,790 white students and 25,000 of its 248,660 Negro sutdents are in "integrated situations." Of 46 for- merly all-white colleges, 19 now accept Negroes. Virginia-No progress at primary and secondary school levels; off i- cial attitude is "massive resistance" against desegeregation. W e s t Virginia - Considerable progress; pro-integration. Nineteen of the state's 55 school districts are completely desegregated; others partially desegregated. Only three districts remain segregated. *1 Little Rock to Desegregate segregated its schools. Weaverton Arkansas - Small but growing and Henderson schools were boy- progress; mild to strong pro-seg- regation. Out of total public school enrollment of 420,000, about 1,900 whites and 34 Negroes are in "inte-' grated situations." Little Rock. is! scheduled to desegregate this year. Negroes are enrolled at all state colleges. Delaware - Considerable pro- gress; pro-integration at state level, generally leaning toward seg- regation at local level. About 22,- cotted in protest against desegre- gation. Parochial Schools Integrating Louisiana-No progress at ele- mentary or secondary levels of p u b 1 i c schools, but parochial (Catholic) schools have announced they will desegregate gradually. Official state attitude is strongly pro-segregation. Four of seven state-supported colleges have ac- cepted Negroes as a result of court summe work A' 1S I I