Sixty-Seventh Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241

"You'll Find I'm Not Just Thinking Of Egypt"

"When OpimIons Are Free
Truth wl Prevaui"

Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or
the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
SUNDAY, APRIL 28, 1957 NIGHT EDITOR: DAVID TARR
Comments on Two
Lecturers-Maxwell and Weimer

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AT THE STATE:
Soft Bravo
For 'Brave One'
T ENDERNESS, tears and the glorious gore of bullfighting were
merged into "The Brave One," a colorful, sometimes tedious attempt
to tell the story of a boy's love for an animal. Contrived to pluck at
your heartstrings, the plot carries you from young Leonardo's first res-
cue of the newly-born calf, in a storm, to the magnificent ritual of
the bullfight in Mexico City.
A constant battle ensues, throughout the film, over the rightful
ownership of the bull. "Itano." The "patron" of Leonardo's ranch claims

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Administrative Courts .. .
p EAKING before the University Lawyers
club's 29th annual Founders Day program
recently, David F. Maxwell, President of the
American Bar Association, attacked what he
claimed were evils in judication at the admin-
istrative level.
Whether Maxwell and the American Bar
Association have legitimate arguments against
quasi-judicial administrative agencies is in-
deed a provocative question, one which has
disturbed leading government officials for a
long time.
Article 3, Section 1 of the United States
Constitution states explicitly, "The Judicial
Power of the United States, shall be vested in
one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts
as the Congress may from time to time ordain
and establish."
Conspicuously absent from the above is the
mention of administrative agencies as courts in
themselves. The answer is that the original in-
tent of the Founding Fathers was not to give
them such power.
An examination of the relationship between
the federal courts and the so-called indepen-
dent regulatory commissions, however, reveals
these latter bodies have perhaps taken the place
of courts of special jurisdiction In the federal
judicial system.
Beginning in 1887, Congress created a num-
ber of these commissions, of which I.C.C.
F.T.C., S.E.C. and the F.C.C. are examples.
These agencies act as courts of original
jurisdiction by interpreting and applying law
for the first time in specific situations.
When the Federal Communications Com-
mission receives a complaint of unfair prac-
tices with reference to the air waves, for ex-
:ample, it may hand down a ruling which, in
effect, signifies it is acting as a quasi-judicial
body.
The proper relation which should exist be-
tween court and administrative agency, the
desirable measure of judicial supervision and
review of administrative rulings and the me-
chanics of such review are problems which are
far from settled.
Maxwell and members of the American Bar
Association feel strongly the judication which
is prevalent in administrative agencies has no
place in the American governmental system.
YET THE Supreme Court, interested in pre-
serving the dignity and effect of the Amer-
ican Court system, has recognized and rendered
its approval of the quasi-judicial functions of
the administrative agency.
Other arguments in favor of the quasi-judi-
cial administrative agency is the fact that
many of the cases which are heard concern
highly specialized fields. We question the advi-
sability of district court judges tackling these
highly specialized areas.
In addition, many times quick decisions are
needed. Because of the many legalities which
arise before a case actually comes to trial,
costly delays might result.
Still another aspect to be considered is the
clogged condition of our courts today. Des-
truction of the special administrative courts
would hinder rather than help our regular
courts by overloading their dockets.
Thus the need for specialized tribunals to
enforce law in difficult, technical areas is not
doubted here. We feel, contrary to Mr. Max-
well, administrative agencies should continue
to act as quasi-judicial bodies.
-MURRAY FF1 WELL

America s Culture .. .
IN HIS TALK before the Michigan Forensic
Forum Thursday night, David Weimer of
the English department touched upon a num-
ber of points that were perhaps more signifi-
cant than the topic he originally set out to
discuss.
Admittedly the question of whether or not
America is a cultural oasis seems to demand a.
rather obvious answer, and Weimer very pro-
perly gave it one - no, America is only a
branch of Western civilization.
More importantly, he suggested America's
contributions to Western civilization have been
remarkably small, and both that civilization
and its American variety may very well be in
decline. Both ideas are neither new or non-
controversial, but it is encouraging to see them
examined at a time when most of us seem to
be preoccupied with the more immediate and
temporary problems confronting us in the area
of short range domestic and foreign policies.
Weimer maintained that Western emphasis
on the importance of the machine and the
corresponding growth of conformity and group
mindedness in our society are far from being
favorable omens for the future, possibly even
fatal to the development of our civilization. It
is hardly a coincidence that some of the few
areas in which he felt America has made an
original contribution to Western civilization;
such as sociology, are concerned with encour-
aging, to some extent, theuvery tendencies re-
garded as dangerous in our culture.
EVEN the creativity of Frank Lloyd Wright,
whom he regards as being a major influ-
ence in Western architecture, is oriented to-
ward lack of privacy and increasing "group"
activity in the home.
It is, of course, quite possible to disagree with
Weimer's misgivings about the effect of tech-
nological advances like atomic energy and tele-
vision, or deny the dangers which he feels lie
in the much discussed American conformity.
Nevertheless, the ideas he expressed are
thought-provoking at the very least, especially
when illustrated by incidents like the recent
introduction of a television camera in a middle
western high school study hall in the interest
of keeping order. Parallels with George Orwell's
1984, as Weimer observed, readily suggest
themselves.
Regardless of one's reaction to Weimer's ana-
lysis of Western civilization and his feeling
that it may already have passed its peak, such
pondering about the road our civilization is to
take in the distant future is all too infrequent
in this age of concentration on continual mo-
mentary crises and should be more than wel-
come.
-JAMES BERG
IHC Sells Students
A Quorum Short
THE Inter-House Council fell short of a
quorum to elect an administrative vice-
president. The vote was crucial in creating a
functional governing body for the men's resi-
dence halls next year.
The problem here is the same all over cam-
pus - student apathy. This case is particularly
disturbing. Those that were to vote last night
are men who have shown the initiative and
ability to guide their houses - student leaders.
If such men cannot show sufficient interest
to elect IHC officers, how then are students
to establish any measure of self-government?
--DONALD KURTZ

RvaK



WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:
Three States Rule Congress
By DREW PEARSON

it, initially, then the animal is
granted to Leonardo, who loves it
to death, and at the death of the
"patron", the estate reclaims it,
which leads Leonardo to run away
to Mexico City for the bull's first,'
great appearance.
THE WIDE screen was an excel-
lent vehicle to illustrate the boy's
frenetic chase, through richly spa-
cious countryside and the impres-
sive boulevards of Mexico City,
but the continuous streaking over
grass and concrete became monot-
onously repititious. Super-duper
scope cameras have a tendency to
run wild with their freedom.
Sentiment tends to overgorge
itself here. More Variety in emo-
tional reaction, especially the
boy's, would have relieved the
strain of torrential tears. This is
not intended to belittle the acting
ability of Michael Ray, newcomer,
who plays Leonardo wih a tender,
if not always subtle touch. He is
adorably appealing and quite con-
vincing, but might have done more
with a broader range of charac-
terization.
* * *
SINCE THE bullfight is inher-
ently exciting, the authors of the
film have allowed it nearly thirty
minutes on the screen. Initially
vivid in impact, it manages to sus-
tain interest for the first twenty
minutes, but then you begin to
feel the discomforts of screen
sunstroke.
As an effort to relate the inti-
mate details of a child's affec-
tion for a pet, against a powerful-
ly moving background of tradition
and huge visual scope, the film
is fairly successful, and always
color saturated. The bull was well
behaved too, a sort of bovine ex-
ample of a well-educated Lassie.
"Ole!"
-Sandy Edelman
LETTERS
to the
MDITOR
Irresponsibility? .
To the Editor:
AM a bit disturbed by the degree
of irresponsibility shown by The
Daily in reporting Prof. Albert G.
Hart's speech before the Economics
Club April 24th. Your reporter
demonstrated sheer genius in not
misquoting Prof. Hart but in link-
ing certain of his disconnected
asides in such a way as to totally
distort the tenor of Prof. Hart's
speech and the reservations he
himself expressed concerning his
own recommendations.
-Prof. Stephan W. Rousseas
Economics Department
There will be a meeting of all
Daily reviewers at 9 p.m. Wed-
nesday in the Student Publica-
tions Building. Any students in-
terested in joining The Daily
Review Staff are invited to at-
tend.

DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
The Daily Official Bulietin is an
official publication of the University
of Michigan for which the Michi-
gan Daily assumes no editorial re-
sponsibility. Notices should be sent
in TYPEWRITTEN form to Room
3553 Administration Building, be-
fore 2 p.m. the day preceding
publication. Notices for Sunday
Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday.
SUNDAY, APRIL 28, 1957
VOL. LXVII, NO. 146
Lectures
Monolingual Demonstration (The
technique of learning a language by
gesture), by Prof. Kenneth L. Pike,
Aud. A, Angell Hall, 4:10 p.m., Mon.
April 29. Public invited.
American Chemical Society Lecture,
8:00 p.m., Mon. April 29, Room 1300,
Chemistry Building. Dr. Erich Lange
Will speak on "Heats of Solution,"
Dr. Emanuel Ben-Dor, deputy direc-
tor of Antiquities of the Government
of Israel, will deliver a public lecture
on "Recent Excavations in Israel" Tues.
April 30, 4:15 p.m., Aud. B, Angeil Hall.
Sponsored by the Dept. of Near Eastern
Studies.
W. D. Falk, senior lecturer at the
Universty of Melbourne and visiting
lecturer in the Department of Philo-
sophy, will speak on "why be Moral?"
Tues., April 30 at 4:15 p.m. In Angel
Hall, Aud. C, auspices of the Depart-
ment of Philosophy.
Linguistics Club meeting, Tues., Ap-
ril 30 at 7:30 p.m. in West Conference
Room, Rackham Bldg. Speaker: Prof.
Albert H. Marckwardt, "A Report on
the Texas Conference on English Lin-
guistics."
Werner E. Bachmann Memorial Lec-
ture. Prof. William S. Johnson, Depart-
ment of Chemistry, University Of WiS-
consin, will give the Werner E. Bach-
mann Memorial Lecture at 4:15 p.m.
Thurs., May 2. in Room 1400, Chemis-
try Building on "Ret Advances in
Steroid Synthesis".
Films
Department of Journalism. Open to
the public. Edward R. Murrow's See It
Now program "Clinton and the Law:
A Study in Desegregation" .Showings
Mon., April 29: 4:00 and 4:00 p.m.,
RackhampAmphitheater, Thurs, May
2; 7:30 and 8:30 p.m., Aud. A, Angell
Hall.
Concerts
Student Recital Postponed. The re-
cital by Robert Rickman, violist, prev-
iously announced for this evning, April
28, in And. A, Angell Hall, has been
postponed until the Summer Session.
Student Recital by Mary Oyer, cellist,
4:15 p.m. Mon., April 29, in the Rac-
ham Assembly Hall, in partial fulfill-
ment of th requirements for the degree
of Doctor of Musical Arts. Miss Oyer
is a pupil of Oliver Edel, and her recital
will include Beethoven's Sonata in G
minor, Op. 5, No. 2, Sonata in A
major, Op. 69, and Trio in B-flat
major, Op. 97. Open to the general
public.
Composers Forum, 8:30 p.m. Mon.,
April 29, in Aud. A, Angell Hall; ompo-
sitions by Yalcin Yuregir, Donald Sea-
varda, Roland Trogan, Fred Coulter and
George Bach Wilson, performed by
Xenia Bibcoff, soprano, Alice Dutcher,
mezzo-soprano; Sheila McKenzie and
Joel Berman, violin; Robert Rickman,

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T HE GENERAL public doesn't
realize it, but three states hold
the whip hand when it comes to
influencing Congress-Texas, Mas-
sachusetts and Georgia.
This results from the power of
certain personalities and congres-
sional committees; the fact that
the leaders of the House and Sen-
ate, Speaker Rayburn and Sen.
Lyndon Johnson, are both from
Texas; the fact that Democratic
Leader John McCormack and GOP
Leader Joe Martin are both from
Massachusetts; and the fact that
the two Armed Services Chairmen,
Sen. Dick Russell and Congress-
man Carl Vinson, are both from
Georgia.
* * *
THIS DOES not mean that this
group sways Congress, or tries to,
But they can be extremely power-
ful. When Rayburn and Johnson
want to pass a natural gas bill
aiding Texas oil-gas men, they can
do it. Neither Martin nor McCor-
mack of Massachusetts is enthusi-
astic about a school bill, and it
isn't making much progress. And
as for Russell and Vinson of the
Armed Services Committees, they
probably shape military policy as
much as the Secretary of Defense.
This is because the two Georgia
Legislators have been in Congress
a quarter of a century, while the
Secretary of Defense usually holds
office for four years or less.
Congressman Vinson, for in-
stance, is almost solely responsible

for the fact that the Navy is build-
ing large airplane carriers. If it
were not for him, we wouldn't be
building them. An earlier Secretary
of Defense, Louis Johnson, decided
against the big carriers, ruled that
many small carriers were better
than a few big ones. But Congress-
man Vinson, who rules the House
Armed Services Committee with an
iron hand, decided otherwise.
* * *
WHAT THE PUBLIC also doesn't
realize is the power of the Armed
Services Committees and the fact
that 24 states out of the 48 are not
represented on the House Com-
mittee. Defense today is the biggest
business of the nation. It absorbs
60 cents out of every tax dollar
collected.
Yet one-half the states have no
representation on the House Arm-
ed Services Committee which helps
establish basic defense policy and
authorizes defense funds.
This is because several states
have more than one member on
this key committee: Pennsylvania
and California have four each,
while Louisiana, North Carolina,
Massachusetts, New York, Mary-
land and Illinois have two each.
The states which have no repre-
sentation and no voice in defense
policies are: Arizona, Arkansas,
Colorado, Delaware, Idaho, Kansas,
Kentucky, Maine, Michigan, Min-
nesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebras-
ka, Nevada, New Hampshire, New
Mexico, North Dakota, Rhode Is-

land, South Dakota, Utah, Ver-
mont, Washington, West Virginia
and Wyoming.
Note - The House and Senate
Armed Services Committees are so
powerful that the Army, Navy,
and Air Force lean over backward
to please Chairmen Russell and
Vinson. That's one reason so many
military establishments are located
in Georgia.
NEWSMEN who watch Jim Hag-
erty operate continue to be full of
admiration for the public-relations
job he does for Ike. Jim saves up
news in Washington, brings it to
Augusta to be sprung at the right
time. It keeps newsmen happy
who have little to write about ex-
cept Georgia sunshine. It also
makes the public think Ike is
doing a lot of business on his va-
cation.
Hagerty, for instance, announced
the appointment of three ambas-
sadors on the first day Ike arrived
in Augusta. Stories on their ap-
pointment had been front-paged
in Washington newspapers two
weeks before. Everyone knew that
Bob Hill was going to Mexico,
Francis White to Sweden, and
John Cabot to Colombia.
But 'the official announcement
from Augusta was front-paged all
over again, and made it look as if
the President was making big deci-
sions before going out on the golf
course.
(Copyright 1957 by Bell Syndicate, Inc.)

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'MURDER BY SLANDER' VICTIM?
Herbert Norman Suicide Leaves Tangle of Mystery

INTERPRETING THE NEWS:
Tongue-in-Cheek Nasser

By J. M. ROBERTS
PRESIDENT NASSER'S proposals for opera-
tion of the Suez Canal leave loopholes for
almost interminable litigation and are not
nearly so firm as the user nations have been
demanding.
Nevertheless they represent a definite at-
tempt on the dictator's part not to let Egypt
become isolated from everyone except Russia.
They may also represent an effort to keep
Editorial Staff
RICHARD SNYDER, Editor
RICHARD HALLORAN LEE MARKS
Editorial Director City Editor
GAIL GOLDSTEIN .......... Personnel Director
ERNEST THEODOSSIN ............Magazine Editor
JANET REARICK .... Associate Editorial Director
MARY ANN THOMAS.......... .... Features Editor
DAVID GREY ................. Sports Editor
RICHARD CRAMER ........Associate Sports Editor
STEPHEN HEILPERN '........Associate Sports Editor
JANE FOWLER and
ARLINE LEWIS .............. Women's Co-Editors
JOHN HIRTZEL ................ Chief Photographer
Business Staff
DlAVID LVER- T B'P i,,, Is anage

negotiations going until the Western Powers
are persuaded to put pressure on Israel for
a general Middle Eastern settlement.
Nasser has sad that the canal and all other
problems could be settled easily if the Arab
world was given guarantees that Israel would
stay behind the borders originally proposed
for her by the United Nations. In that case,
he said, Israel's existence would be recognized.
This is a reversal of the Arab contention
that Israel must be and will eventually be des-
troyed.
WHETHER he intends to stick by that -
whether it is politically possible for him to
stick by it - is a question. His record for fly-
ing off the handle is far more impressive than
his record of following through on pacific state-
ments made in private.
But the canal is a good club for him in the
Israeli dispute if he really is interested in peace.
Nasser doesn't want to be completely aban-
doned by nations such as India and the United
States to whom the canal is important. He
doesn't want to be thrown irretrievably into
the arms of Russia.
The offer to operate the canal under a sys-

By WILLIAM L. RYAN
AP Foreign News Analyst
ON THE NIGHT of April 3, Her-
bert Norman watched with
rapt attention while a Japanese
movie unfolded on a Cairo screen.
Understanding the Japanese lan-
guage; the Canadian ambassadorr
to Egypt was absorbed in the
film's theme: Death supplies an
answer to life's problems.
Norman may have been facing
his own life's bitterest problem.
A ghost from the past had risen
up to haunt him. Often in recent
days he had spoken quietly of the
possibility of suicide. Now as he
leftethe theater, he was in sort of
reverie. That night he seemed re-
laxed and for the first time in
weeks he slept well.
On the morning of April 4, Nor-
man took breakfast as usual. Then
the boyish looking diplomat, pre-
maturely gray at 47, walked, to
the Swedish legation, home of one
of his closest friends in Cairo. He
took a last look at the familiar
broad vista of the Nile Valley and
plunged eight stories to death.
* * *
THIS QUIET, scholarly man,
with his background of counterin-
telligence work, left a tangle of
mystery. Had he been, as many
Canadians protested, a victim of
"murder by slander" and "witch-

two weeks after his death to pub-
lish a report that the charges
against Norman were based on
false information?
Canadians want the answers.
They want to know for sure
whether there was any justifica-
tion behind charges raised against
Norman in the United States Sen-
ate Internal Security subcommit-
tee. But the whole truth may
never come to light.
This much of the story can be
pieced together:
The Royal Canadian Mounted
Police security section produced a
1940 report by an unidentified se-
cret agent in Toronto saying that
a "Prof. Norman," with connec-
tions at Harvard and McMaster
University in Hamilton, Ont., was
a Canadian Communist party
member.
* * *
E. HERBERT NORMAN was
not connected with McMaster and
at the time was not at Harvard.
He already was a junior member
of Canada's external affairs de-
partment, awaiting assignment in
Japan.
The report lay 10 years in the
RCMP files before the FBI got it
in October, 1950. How did it get
to the Senate subcommittee? Did
the subcommittee ever see a sub-
sequent report, dated December

But in 1939, Norman already
was in the Canadian foreign ser-
vice. Later the subcommittee cor-
rected this record. There was not
testimony actually to connect Nor-
man with any Cape Cod group.
The witness did, however, con-
nect him, with a student cell at
Columbia in 1938.
From 1951 to early 1957, the
Norman case appeared forgotten.
But last March 13 the subcom-
mittee made public the transcript
of a closed session. In this Robert
M o r r i s, subcommittee counsel,
said there were "quite a few se-
curity reports which have a great
deal of information to the effect
that he (Norman) is a Commu-
nist."
* * *
CANADA reacted sharply. For-
eign Secretary Lester B. Pearson
voiced a protest against release
of a record containing "a great
many innuendoes and insinuations
that Norman was a Communist."
Pearson said Canada, knowing of
these charges years before, made
an exhaustive security check
which turned up nothing to dis-
credit Norman.
". ..slanders and unsupported
insinuations against him contain-
ed in this United States senatorial
subcommittee report we can treat
with the contempt they deserve,"
Pearsn ni-

methods. Canada's government
and opposition seemed agreed
Norman was a victim of what one
legislator called "the witch-hunt-
ing proclivities of certain Congres-
sional inquisitors in Washington."
Pearson threatened to withhold
security information from the
United States if the rights of Ca-
nadians could not otherwise be
protected.
But it soon became clear the
Canadian public had not heard
the whole story.
Questioned April 12 in Parlia-
ment, Pearson conceded Norman
had Communist associations in
his youth. Well, the opposition de-,
manded to know, was the Wash-
ington evidence untrue or unjusti-
fied?
"I am not going to say at this
moment whether any single state-,
ment made in a United States
sub-committee is accurate or not.
I have said Mr. Norman, to our
knowledge, had certain Commu-
nist associations as a student
many years ago and that we were
not going to allow that to drive
him out of the public service in
the face of long years of loyal de-
votion . . . . Pearson replied.
Said John Diefenbaker, head of
the opposition: "I find the answer
is an equivocal one."
* * *P h

did suggest the government might
have cleared up doubts long be-
fore and perhaps avoided the
tragedy.
Not until April 18 did Canada
announce the charges against
Norman were based on the 1940
RCMP report sent to the FBI in
October, 1950 and later discred-
ited. Canada's Justice Ministry, in
a recapitulation, said neither
Pearson nor his department knew
of the 1940 secret agent's report
until the Norman case came up in
Washington in 1950.
But the question was raised: If
a report existed in 1950 destroying
the charges against Norman, why
was there no refutation of accu-
sations in Washington seven years
ago?
Why wasn't the report labeling
the charge unfounded made pub-
lic directly after release of Wash-
ington testimony in March - or
indeed, until two whole weeks aft-
er Norman's death?
WHY DID the Canadian gov-
ernment refuse to make public the
texts of the notes left by Norman?
One of these, to his wife, was
quoted by Egyptian police as beg-
ging her forgiveness. The other, to
Swedish Minister Brynolf Eng,
asked pardon for using his lega-
tion building.

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