I FRIDAY, DECEMBER 14,,1956 .THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAGE TIMER FRIDAY, DECEMBER 14,1956 THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAGE ThREII Chinese Socialism Successful LAW SCHOOL TRIALS: By DAVID LANCASHIRE (Editor's Note: David Lncashire Is a Canadian reporter who spent six weeks in Communist China and toured over 5,500 miles. PEIPING (A)-Lu Ku is a shab- by, mud-walled village outside Peiping which looks as though it has not changed in the last thou- sand years. But behind the sunbaked walls on the unpaved street where the mule carts raise a cloud of brown dust, lives have been altered and traditions shattered. Now a propaganda poster is pasted to the wall of the outdoor latrine. There are telephone wires over the street and a red star, over the door of the meeting hall. Soviet Coop Lu Ku is the center of the Sino- Soviet Friendship Agricultural Cooperative. It is a sample of the socialization « which has trans- formed the lives of 108 million families in China and, to all ap- pearances, brought them above the minimum subsistence level that has haunted the Chinese peasant 5,000 years. Now a family in Lu Ku, by hand- tilling the soil seven days a week for eight months and working with a mule cart on construction projects for the other four,, can earn the equivalent of $222 in a good year. Even in China this is not, much money. But it * more than the peasants of Lu Ku have ever earned before. Without benefit of machinery, workers from the 10 villages which comprise the sprawling communal farm have by official account increased production from the time-worn soil by 600 per cent since socialization. Farm Thrives The Sino-Soviet is a thriving es- tablishment of 1,504 families seven miles from the heart of Peiping. Polio Goal Specified A goal of $46,900 for the March of Dimes in 1957 has been set by the Washtenaw County Board of the National Foundation for In- fantile Paralysis, Mrs. James A. Nichols, board chairman, an- nounced yesterday. This amount is one per cent -of the total national March of Dimes aim of $46,900,000 and falls Sshort of the January, 1956 target of $57,600- by 20 per cent. Mrs. Nichols said that she expects the final revenues to exceed the goal. In 1956, the desired amount was surpased 'by $16,000, and similar success is forseen this year. One-half of the contributions collected in Washtenaw County have always been donated to the national headquarters which allo- cates the funds into three main areas: patient care, rehabilitation and vaccination and scientific re- search, public education and other programs of advancement. Polio has not yet been conquered. The National Foundation predicts that 20,000 people will have contracted it by the end of this year, while 10,000 new cases will arise in 1957. EUROPE 20 Countries, 70 Days, $1305 Summer '57-shorter trip optional EUROPE FOR COLLEGIANS 255 Sequoia-Pasadena--Calif. Lu Ku is the administrative center of the farm, which began in 1951 when 180 families pooledl their labor under the rulebook guidance of a staff of Communist; cadres from Peiping. Over tea, cigarettes and wet peanuts pulled from the farm's humanly fertilized soil, a director named Kuo Chen told of the co- operative's development. His prac- ticed, sing-song recitation never hesitated for a fact or statistic. Kuo Chen has told the same story many times to many visitors. Story Told Landlords were dispossessed and land redistributed on a common standard among the peasants in 1950. In 1951, said Kuo Chen, the village families formed mutual aid teams of five families each, re- taining their own portion of land but working together on them. The following year, mutual aid teams grew to 28, production in- creased and a semisocialist coop- erative was formed, with peasants pooling their land and being paid for land and labor contributed. Then the 10 surrounding villages combined into one advanced co- op of 15,000 mou or about 5,000 acres. All land animals and equipment were pooled into com- mon ownership, and members Judges Pick Winners In First Round Of Campbell Debates Year Abroad May Involve C 1 Crit Loss1V "Increased interest in junior i were paid only for labor contrib- uted. Landlords Subservient Kue Chen was asked what hap-1 pened to the landlords who once owned the village. "The landlords and the rich peasants (the interpreter used the word 'kulaks') are now in the co- operative," he replied. "iWth equal privileges?" "Oh, no. They're third-class comrades." Second and third class 'co-op, members have no voting rights in community matters, and are' paid on a salary basis. A second- class comrade is a candidate mem- ber while a third-class is one who still opposes the movement theo-' retically, but works on the farm nevertheless. The director claimed they received the same salary as full members. year study abroad has created a problem in the transfer of cred- its," Prof. Benjamin Wheeler, fac- ulty counselor for special pro- grams said yesterday. Colleges and universities in the United States have arranged with various European institutions to supervise students and arrange for testing to transfer grades to the school from which the stu- dent expects his bachelor degree. "Provided the undergraduate of literary college studies under a sponsored program," Prof. Wheel- er added, "the University approves of junior year study abroad. How- ever, students who "free lance" their study without supervision under a sponsored program risk transfer of course credits." Organization Notices Congregational and Disciples Stu- dent Guild, caroling and UCF party, 7:10 p.m., Guild House. * .. Michigan Christian Fellowship, John Stott Lectures, "Where Will It End?" 8 p.m.. Rackham Lecture Hall. -Daily-Norm Jacobs CAMPBELL COMPETITION Judges hear law students debate a mock court case in the first round of the annual Campbell Competition. Changes in Oil Transportation SForeseen By 'U' Professor } _.. ... International oil trade will un- dergo major changes in the future, Prof. Henry Benford of the engi- neering college, has predicted. , Through the construction and widespread use of large super- tankers which would travel around the Cape of Good Hope instead of through the Suez Canal, the transportation of oil can be made far more economical, Benford told a meeting of the Northern Calif- ornia Section of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine En- gineers. The dead weight supertankers weigh 80,000 tons, and one weigh- ing as much as 100,000 tons could be constructed. They can contain 20,000,000 gallons of oil, while the vessels already in use only hold half as much. The cost of building a supertanker is less than twice as much as is now spent for each ship, and the crew would be only slightly more expensive. The fully loaded ship is one and a half times as heavy as the stan- dard model. It could not pass through the Suez Canal because its draft would be greater than the depth of the canal. However, the total benefits of the supertanker outweigh the dis- advantage of the extra 10,000 miles around the Cape of GoodI Hope. When emptied it could re- turn via the Suez Canal. Through this use of the Suez the foreign supertanker would pay for itself in two years. Supertankers are still in the blueprint stage; thus far only one has actually been built but plans have been made to construct many more. This vessel would also be profit- able to the general economy. A United States supertanker follow- ing the Cape of Good Hope route would be a far better investment than a U.S. conventional Suez ship. A foreign supertanker would produce a rate of return invest- ment 30 per cent higher than that of the American small ship, 15 per cent higher than a foreign small. ship and 20 per cent higher than an American supertanker. By SUSAN KARTUS and JAMES BERG The first round of the 1956-57 Henry M. Campbell Competition was held last night in the law school. Of the 16 original contestants, eight argued their way into the semi-finals. The four winning teams include: John Lewis, 58L, and Eugene Wanger, '58L; James Wills, '58L, and Robert Knauss, '58L; Eugene Hartwig, '58L, and James Feibel, '58L; and Lee Ab- rams, '57L, and Marty Pompapur, '58L. Four separate mock trials were held simultaneously, from which the eight winners were chosen. Each counsel was alloted 20 min- utes in which to present his case, during which time any one of the three judges presiding could! 1 E ART SALE--This picture is one of many on a sale display in the architecture auditorium lobby. Student and faculty art work will be sold from 6:30 p.m. to 10 p.m. today and tomorrow in the auditorium lobby of the architecture building. Profits from the sale will help subsidize the architecture and design magazine, "Dimension," an independent student publication which is printed bi-annually and will appear on campus next week. The art work is to be selected by a jury. The sale will include paintings, cereamics, jewelry, sculpture, lithographs and unique Christmas cards. Among the faculty contributors are Prof. Frank Cassara, Prof. Donald B. Gooch, Prof. David H. Reider, Prof. Frede Vidar, Prof. Emil Weddige and Prof. Richard Wilt, all of the School of Archi- tecture and Design. and did interrupt with piercing questions. The judges persisted in cross- examining each counsel until the point of law or fact in which he was interested was clarified to his satisfaction. The student lawyers, in turn, found it necessary to think on their feet, and general- ly seemed successful in their at- tempts to justify their position. The case is a hypothetical one, appealed from a lower court. This same case will be used through- out the semi-final and final rounds of competition. It is a cor- poration matter involving the im- proper sale of securities by the company director. In the past the final mock trial was presided over by a justice of the United States Supreme Court. As yet, this year's presiding jurist has not been announced. f: x I --CAMPUS-- 211 L.State NO 8-9013 -DOWNTOWN- MNO 2-0679 for the Finest in Recorded Music "WHEBE WILL IT END?" Mr. Stott will conduct a question period on his Thursday evening lecture, "What Must I Do?", today at 4:00 P.M. in Room 25 An- I :d 1 By appointment purveyors of soap to the late King George VI, Yardley & Co., Ltd., London h q EDIBLE SPOF ANNOUNCEMENT BY Illinois College of OPTOMETRY Applications for admission to classes beginning February 4, 1957 and September 9, 1957 are now being received. 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