1 0 4r mloriggatt . Daily ixty-Seventh Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OAF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241 n Opinions Are Free rutb Will Prevail" "We Can Sure Do Some Liberating Over Here" - - Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. ESDAY, DECEMBER 5, 1956 NIGHT EDITOR: VERNON NAHRGANG 4 '_ Sigma Kappa Violation: What Are The Odds? T MIGHT be worthwhile, in evaluating the case against Sigma Kappa, to try to apply an, jective standard to it. Strange as it may seem, the action of the gma Kappa national in suspending its chap- rs at Cornell and Tufts - both of which had cently pledged Negro girls - can be dis- issed with some sort of mathematical preci- on. Applying the methods of the social sci- ices, the future behavior of the Sigma Kappa ational might be predicted on the basis of its Rst behavior by applying simple statistics, Tlhe question is this: was Sigma Kappa's ac- on in suspending the two chapters taken with- it consideration of the fact that they had >th pledged Negro girls, or, in statistical terms, as it "random" in this regard? Sigma Kappa's national has yet to argue that was random, that other reasons motivated em to suspend the chapters. But some have dopted this line of argument, contending that tufts was suspended for financial reasons and ornell for violation of pledging rules. 'AKING the problem first from the stand- point of the Tufts suspension, let us give the ational all benefit of the doubt and draw no nclusions as to motives from the single fact iat the Tufts chapter had its charter with- awn. But it was one of two Sigma Kappa iapters with Negro members, as far as is now nown. If the suspensions were made at ran- m with regard to Negro membership, then Lch of the 67 other-Sigma Kappa chapters ould have had an equal chance of being the cond group dropped by the national council. In other words, there were 66 chances against ie second suspension involving the Cornell iapter and only one for it. By odds of at least :1, then, Sigma Kappa stands indicted of ispending the Cornell chapter because it .edged a Negro. Vhen psychologists refer to something as "proven", they speak in terms of five per cent or three per cent margins of error. The case against Sigma Kappa is basd on a margin of error of less than 1.5 per cent. it is not "absolute" proof, but neither science nor law relies on "absolutes", basing their con- clusions on "facts" reached "beyond a reason- able" doubt or to a given margin of error. IF SIGMA Kappa's 1955 recognition meant recognition of the national, then there is little question that the national is violating University regulations when it "prohibits mem- bership in the organization on the basis of race, religion or color." If it is felt, on the other hand, that only the local was recognized in 1955, and that the na- tional's policies are only relevant insofar as they affect local policy, then the question is one of the national's power over the local. But if past behavior is to be taken as he ba- sis for predicting future behavior, then the odds are also approximately 66:1 that the Univer- sity's chapter would be suspended should it pledge a Negro girl. How this affects local Sig- ma Kappa's policy is a function of any verbal understandings between national and local, or in the absence of these, simply the local's dem- onstrated desire to remain a member of the national and its ability and perceiving the im- plications for itself, of the mathematics of the Tufts and Cornell suspensions. In other words, given a demonstrated if not an articulated national policy, one might well ask if the local group has any choice but to "prohibit membership in the organization on the basis of race, religion or color," regardless of personal beliefs of the members. Such a course would place it in violation of University, regulations, and this is the ques- tion - and the odds'- which Student Gov- ernment Council must consider tonight. -PETER ECKSTEIN ~T,~ ib'~epillyJ *id' aie o , - -r 4 4 WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:' Congress Thailand Junket By DREW PEARSON }> FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION SCHEDULE EXAMINATION SCHEDULE COLLEGE OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND THE ARTS HORACE H. RACKHAM SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN SCHOOL OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SCHOOL OF NATURAL RESOURCES SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING COLLEGE OF PHARMACY SCHOOL OF EDUCATION SCHOOL OF NURSING SCHOOL OF MUSIC January 18 to January 29, 1956 For courses having both lectures and recitations the "time of class" is the time of the first lecture period of the week. For courses having recitation only, the "time of class" is the time of the first recitation period. Certain courses will be examined at special periods as noted below the regular schedule. Courses not included in either the regular schedule or the special periods may use any examination period provided there is no conflict or provided that, in case of a conflict,, the con- flict is resolved by the class which conflicts with the regular schedule. Each student should receive notification from his instruc- tor as to the time and place of his examination. REGULAR SCHEDULE Time of Class (at 8 (at 9 (at 10 (at 11 (at 12 (at 1 (at 2 (at 3 Time of Examination Monday, January 21 9-12 Thursday, January 24 9-12 Saturday, January 26 9-12 Friday, January 18 9-12 Saturday, January 19 2-5 Saturday, January 19 2-5 Tuesday, January 29 9-12 Tuesday, January 22 2-5 MONDAY TUESDA' Y (at (at (at (at (at (at (at 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 Wednesday, January 23 Friday, January 25 Monday, January 28 Saturday, January 19 Tuesday, January 29 Tuesday, January 22 Monday, January 28 9-12 9-12 9-12 9-12 2-5 9-12 2-5 SPECIAL PERIODS LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND THE ARTS Atlantic Rift Closing THE dangerous rift in the North Atlantic Al- lihnce appears to be closing, to some degree at least. Apparently yielding at last to pressure from the United States and the United Nations, Britain and France have sounded retreat for their military forces in Egypt. News of the decision to withdraw was well received, not only in the United States, but by the Alied troops on the Suez Canal, who now can look forward to Christmas at home. UN Secretary Dag Hammarskjold has ex- pressed the hope that the troops will be with- drawn and the UN International Police Force in "full control of Port Said,, by Christmas." The major difficulty in the UN project now appears to be the lack of cooperation on the part of President Gamal -Abdel Nasser and the Egyptian government, and the reluctance of the Israeli command to follow the Allied ex- ample ,and pull out of the Sinai Peninsula and the Gaza Strip. Israel regards the Gaza Strip as historically a part of Palestine, and is apparently deter- mined to hold it. She has already begun re- vamping local governments in the Strip. Israel has announced the withdrawal of three brigades - an estimated 12,000 men --- from Egypt, and the movement of other units to points more than 36 miles from the canal. THESE withdrawals are encouraging, but not sufficient. The diplomatic pressure which suc- ceeded in achieving the exodus of Allied forces should now be directed toward forcing a simi- lar pull-out of Israeli units. When the armies of individual nations are out of Egypt, and the UN police force is in con- trol of the Suez Canal, the way will be open to negotiations for a final settlement of the problem of canal operation. Peace in the Middle East may be in sight. -EDWARD GERULDSEN Hill Concert Audiences A Bit Discourteous T HE CONDUCT of Hill concert audiences leaves much to be desired. Especially notice- able is the consistent tardiness of many concert- goers at the performances. If one can overlook the inconvenience result- ing from late arrivals who always seem to sit in the middle of the row, it is often difficult to ignore the disturbed reaction of the perform- ers when streams of people led by student ushers hurry to their seats after the beginning of the performance. This is not only distracting to the performers but discourteous to those who are already seated. Then there is the amateur conductor who, while not wishing to demonstrate his talent to the audience at large, distux'bs his immediate neighbors by waving his arms violently. These audience problems, while admittedly not large ones, nevertheless do lessen enjoy- ment of the concerts. -CAROL PRINS THE current junket to Thailand by members of Congress to at- tend the Inter-Parliamentary Un- ion has a couple of interesting coattail riders. They are Mr. and Mrs. Irving Swanson, who four years ago fig- ured in this column when Con- gressman Ernest Bramblett, Re- publican of California, was re- ported to have received kickbacks from his secretarial staff and oth- ers. Among the others was Mrs. Margaret Swanson who began drawing $4,700 a year from the congressman in 1949, though she never went near his office. Later Bramblett was tried by the Justice Department and con- victed of taking salary kickbacks. Among those who testified was Mrs. Swanson who told the court that she was placed on Bramb- ltt's payroll to "remove the sting of criticism" from the fact that the congressman's wife had been on the payroll. * * * SHE ADMITTED on the witness stand that she gave FBI agents the impression that she did some work for Bramblett, though she hadn't. She claimed that when she told the FBI none of her sal- ary was kickbacked to the con- gressman she "honestly felt" the cash went to Mrs. Bramblett. Her husband, Irving Swanson, also testified to having helped ar- range for his wife to draw a check as Bramblett's secretary, then turn cash back to Bramblett. Swanson was then Republican minority clerk in the House of kepresentatives. More recently he has been a member of the cam- paign brain trust of the GOP Na- tional Committee and an adviser to right-wing Republican senators. Now he has turned up, with Mrs. Swanson, as a member of the U.S. delegation staff attending the In- ter-Parliamentary Union in Bang- kok, Thailand. Just how two peo- ple who were parties to payroll finagling in Congress should "e peerless {examples of the parlia- mentary system in the USA might be hard for foreign countries to understaid. DRY CLEANERS and laundry- men around the nation are follow- ing the lead of the Washington, D.C., Laundry and Dry Cleaning Association in helping collect clothes for the Hungarian people. Tom Doster,. President of the Laundry-Dry Cleaning Associa- tion of Gastonia, N.C., has just telephoned to say that his mem- bers had started a drive to col- lect clothesclean them, and start them on their way to Vienna, now the center of Hungarian refugees. This was followed by a telegram from James A. Stoddard, presi- dent of the Dry Cleaners Guild of New Jersey at Waldick, N. J., satt- ing that his organization had just sent a telegram to Governor Mey- ner of New Jersey, pledging the New Jersey dry cleaners to clean' clothing free of charge and trans- port it to any designated point in New Jersey en route to the Free- dom fighters of Hungary. * * * THE EGYPTIAN embassy has been flooding newspaper offices with a pamphlet which claims to document British-French atroci- ties against Egypt.f The documentation consists of an "eye witness account" by a Swedish newspaperman, Perolow Anderson, who is described as a n e u t r a 1 photographer-reporter who covered the Korean War. The Egyptian embassy, however, ne- glects to mention certain pertin- eiit facts about this "neutral" ob- server- Here are some of them: He cov- ered the Korean war as a corres- pondent on the North Korean side. It was impossible to do this without being a Communist or a pro-Communist. In 1942, Anderson was also a member of Sweden's Brown Shirt of Nazi Party. He volunteered as a photographer with the German army in Finland.. LATER HE BECAME a German agent, affiliating himself with the Red Horse League, a wartime Nor- wegian underground which helped Norway patriots escape from the Germans. Having wormed his way into the underground, Anderson worked against Norwegians and with the Germans. From this job, Anderson went to Stockholm where he became a po-' lice officer. In October, 1945, he was arrested in the British zone of Germany masquerading as an American newspaperman. The British deported him to Sweden. Later, Anderson turned up as a correspondent covering the Kore- an War from the North Korean side, and the next the Western world heard of him, he was in Port Said as a correspondent for the official Egyptian magazine "Scribe." This is put out by the Egyptian Ministry of National Guidance. Anderson's first dispatch from Port Said was filed by Tass, the Soviet news agency. Andersonj claimed to be accredited to the International News Service, but it turned out that INS, though re- ceivingsdispatches from him, did riot distribute them, This is the newspaperman whom the Egyptians are now quoting as an independent eye witness to British-French atrocities. THE PUBLIC Health Service has sent a fellow refugee to Camp Kilmer, N.J., to attend the medical needs of the Hungarian refugees. He is Dr. Isidor Abrahamer, who fled from Nazi Germany and, again, from Czechoslovakia after the Nazis moved in. Copyright 1956 by Bell Syndicate, Inc.) Botany 2 Chemistry 1, 3, 5E, 15, 23, 182, 183 Economics 71 Economics 72 Economies 51, 52, 53, 54, 101, \153 k English 1, 2 French1 1, 2, 11, 12, 21, 31, 32, 61, 62 German 1, 2, 31 Latin 21 Political Science 1 Psychology 31, 190, 235 Russian 1 Sociology 1, 60, 101 Spanish 1, 2, 21, 31, 32 Naval Science 101, 201, 301, 301M, 301S, 401, 401M, 4015 Friday, January 18 Friday, January 18 Tuesday, January 22 Tuesday, January 29 Tuesday, January 22 Monday, January 21 Thursday, January 24 Saturday, January 26 Thursday, January 24 Monday, January 28 Friday, January 25 Thursday, January 24 Wednesday, January 23 Saturday, January 26 2-5 2-5 2-5 9-12 9-12 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 Thursday, January 24 7-10 p.m. SCHOOL OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Bus. Ad. 11 Bus. Ad. 12 Tuesday, January 22 Tuesday, January 29 2-5 9-12 COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING A. E. 1, secs. 1, 3 A. E. 130 C. E. 20, 21, 151 C. E. 22 C. E. 23 C. E. 70 Drawing 1, 3 Drawing 1s, 2 Drawing lx E. E. 5 E. M. 1 E. M. 2 English 10, 11 I. E. 100, 110 M. E. 2 Naval Science 101, 201, 301, 301M, 301S, 401, 401M, 401S Physics 53 Thursday, January 24 Wednesday, January 23 Monday,. January 21 Thursday, January 24 Friday, January 25 Saturday, January 26 Friday, January 25 Saturday, January 26 Thursday, January 24 Friday, January 18 Friday, January 18 Wednesday, January 23 Monday, January 21 Monday; January 21 Friday, January 25 Thursday, January 24 Friday, January 18 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 7-10 p.m. 2-5 4 SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND THE ARTS No date of examination may be changed without the con- sent of the Committee on Examination Schedules. Federal Aid No Answer COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING i APPEAL for federal police aid by the Ander- son County School Board in Clinton. Ten- nessee, is an inadequate solution to the city's school integration problem. Sine the SupromA Court school integration Editorial Staff RICHARD SNYDER. Editor RICHARD HALLORAN LEE MARK:- VditoriaJ Directr~ CitV Editor GAIL GOLDSTEIN ................Personnei Director ERNEST THEODOSSIN.............Magazine Editor JANET REAR.TCK ....Associate Editorial Director MARY ANN THOMAS................Featurrea Editor DAVID GREY .............. Sports Editor ERICHARD CRAMER.......... .Associate Sports Editor STEPHEN EJLPERN.........Associte Sport* Editor VIRGTNTA ROBERTSON.,......,..... Women's Edito JAN FOW1,ER ............Associate Women's Editor ARLINE LEWIS..............Women's Feature Editor 'OHN HIRTZEL ............... Chief PhotographeL Busines StafL DAVID SILVER. Business Manager MILTON GOLDSTEIN., ...Associate Business Manager WILLIAM PUSCH................ Adertising Manager -CHARLES WILSON............... .Finance Manager order went into effect in Tennessee last Janu- ary 4, there has been an increase in tension and riots. Despite the dogged attempts of Clin- ton authorities to settle the issue, school racial integration has been unsuccessful, The board has asked the federal government to help police the Clinton High School after local efforts by the state troopers and National Guardsmen to quell the mobs have failed. This use of force has been unsuccessful in alleviating the problem. Whether on the na- tional or local level, force is not the answer to changing the hostile attitudes of the Clinton residents toward the integration order. Use of the additional force asked by the school board will create only more ill feeling and assaults. The issue is a local one and should be settled by the local authorities. There is no immediate way for the federal government to settle the problem except through force and Clinton peo- ple have already proven their impregnability to such acts The integration problem i complex one and like every complex problem, can be solved only through time It will take understanding on the part of the community toward: the problem of the Negrc before the integration order will be accepted. Such understanding and LETTERS # to the EDITOR . . Letters to the Editor must be signed and limited to 300 words. The Daily reserves the right to edit or with- hold any letter. Might Mo've! To the Editor: CONGRATULATIONS to the South Quad ' rs The quest for self-detervrr --n is hearten- ing wherever a appears Unfor- tunately it is likely that your shouts will go unheeded and your desires frustrated We have seen the pattern before It might be noted, however, that more thar two hundred students or; campus own their own houses end completely contro' thei own destinies No dc they discrim- STANLEY QUARTET: Chamber Music Given Fine Performance LAST night the Stanley Quartet gave their customary perform- ance. That is, they were direct in their approach to the music, vig- orous in interpretation, and tonal- ly lean. Not much more need be said about the ensemble as a unit: since anyone can go to hear them with open ears and discover for themselves the honest, fre- quently attractive musicianship of the group. THE MAIN item on the program was Darius Milhaud's Quintet No. 2. for which Clyde Thompson joined the Quartet on the double bass. The composition it more a divertissement thar, anything else and acquires an added depth from the addition of the bass. played the work with a properly light, intellectual. Dave Brubeck- on-the-string-quartet-touch, ex- cept for an occasional dry quality on the violin that approached ex- cessive raspiness. *; * * A HAYDN QUARTET of great wit and humor. (Op. 76, No. 1) opened the program. The Quar- tet's approach to this work was incisive and mechanical: and made up in energetic drive and seriousness. what we missed of its light insouciance and graceful irony. The rigorous parodies of cen- tral European folk melodies, how- ever, were realized brightly, and 1 found thi; democratic approach to Haydn curiously amenable No date of examination may be changed without the con- sent of the Classification Committee. All cases of conflicts be- tween assigned examination periods must be reported for adjust- ment. See bulletin board outside Room 301 W.E. between Decem- ber 10 and 21 for instructions. SCHOOL OF MUSIC Individual examinations will be given for all applied music courses (individual instruction) elected for credit in any unit of the University. For time and place of examinations, see bulle- tin board of the School of Music. COURSES OF ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN SCHOOL OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SCHOOL OF NATURAL RESOURCES SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH COLLEGE OF PHARMACY SCHOOL OF EDUCATION SCHOOL OF NURSING a SCHOOL OF MUSIC Courses not covered by this schedule, as well as any neces- sary changes will be indicated on the School bulletin board. DAIL aOFFICIAL General Notices Air ForcebROTC Stanine "AFOQT" Tests will be given in Kellogg Audi- torium on Thurs. and Fri., Dec. 6 and 7, starting promptly at 7:00 p.m. ALL