Education School Gives Poor Training See Page 4 Jr Latest Deadline in the State D3ati CONTINUED COLD GES / VOL, LXV, No. 90 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 1955 SIX PA AEC Warns Rulin Calls LYL Of H-Bomb g Devastations Front for Reds Tests Contaminate 7,000 Square Miles WASHINGTON (f)-The Atom- ic Energy Commission, in a new warning of the horrors of atomic war, said yesterday its H-bomb blast in the Pacific last March se- riously contaminated 7,000 square miles. The area affected was almost as great as the 7,836 square miles covered by the state of New Jer- sey. Radioactive Fallout AEC Chairman Lewis L. Strauss discussed "radioactive fallout" in a report which included some in- formation that has been secret up until now. "Since nuclear weapons are in possession of Russia," Strauss said, "the commission believes the American people wish to be in- formed regarding the danger of nuclear explosions and the meas- ures which individuals can take to protect themselves if an atom- ic attack should ever occur. "In the event of war involving the use of atomic weapons, the fallout from large nuclear bombs exploded on or near the surface of the, earth would create serious hazard to civilian populations in large areas outside the target zones. AEC Report "The Atomic Energy Commis- sion hopes that these dangers will never be experienced by mankind." Yesterday's report dealt largely with radioactive perils far beyond the point of explosion. The com- mission has, in earlier reports, given details on the devastation to be expected close to target points. On the basis of test data from "the very large thermonuclear de- vice" set off at Bikini Atoll last March and other information, the commission made the following es- timate: "About 7,000 square miles of ter- ritory downwind from the point of burst was so contaminated that survival might have depended upon taking shelter and other pro- tective measures." Charity Will Regulations T-old by Simes Concluding the eighth series of Cooley Lectures, Prof. Lewis N. Simes of the Law school evaluat- ed the rules governing charity in wills yesterday. In his lecture "The Dead Hand Achieves Immortality: Gifts to Charity," Prof. Simes noted that major legal restrictions against perpetual trusts are lifted where charity is concerned. However, he criticized rules which sometimes necessitate con- tinuing, appropriation of trust funds for purposes specifically stated in the will after such pur- poses have become obsolete. Incomplete Value For example, the income from a plot of land in downtown New York, based on a trust set up when the property had little value, is still being used solely for a home for "ancient and decrepit sailors." The income, Prof. Simes said, should now be used also for other charitable purposes to realize its full value. Pointing out that sometimes "narrow and eccentric purposes" are evident in charity trusts, Prof. Simes cited wills which leave per- petual trusts to provide "free ele- phant rides at the zoo" and "teaching of shooting at moving targets." No Fool-Proof Test Such endowments have been ruled legal by courts, on the prin- ciple that there is no fool-proof test for "charitable purpose." Offering a solution to problems raised by strictness of law, he proposed amendments w h i c h would allow courts to interpret any questionably inexpedient pur- pose of a will to mean "for char- ity" after a specified time. In this way, Prof. Simes said, we would be better able to execute the desires of the dead and to keep from them an absolute rule over the living. Subversive Activities Control Board' Disregards Matusow's Testimony WASHINGTON (A) - The Subversive Activities Control Board ruled yesterday the Labor Youth League is a Communist front, but in so doing it disregarded all testimony given against the organization by Harvey Matusow. Matusow, a self-professed ex-Communist, has recently said he lied in testifying as a government witness in previous court and congres- sional proceedings. The SACB said it was not inclined "to determine when Matusow C may have been lying in this pro- ceding and when he was telling the truth." Operated For Party In its report the board said the roundupLabor Youth League "is primarily operated for the purpose of giving By The Associated Press aid and support to the Communist Peipin Claparty." It reviewed briefly the Peiping Clms - -turnabout of Matusow, a frequent TOKYO-Peiping radio said to- witness in Communist cases in the day more Chinese Communist past, including four before the troops were pouring into the Ta- SACB . chens, abandoned by the Nation- Unless the league gets a court alists last week. order for a review, it must regis- A broadcast heard here asserted ter with the government as a fortifications and artillery posi- Communist front organization aft- tions were destroyed by Red ar- er 60 days. tillery and bombs. However, cor- respondents who covered the with- Must List Officers drawal said the Nationalists blew The 1950 Subversive Activities them up as part of a scorched Control Act requires Communist earth operation. front organizations to list officers, * .give a financial accounting and label all mail as that of a front MlcCarthy* Blockade .* organization. GREENSBURG, Pa.-Sen. Jos- The board's registration order eph R. McCarthy (R-Wis.) yes- will become final in 60 days unless terday called for a blockade of the league petitions the U.S. Court the Red China coast and declared, of Appeals for a review. If that "We can't regain our national is done, it will not take effect honor by peaceful coexistence until court action has ben com- with the Communist world." pleted. * The board said the league, whose Labor Nominee. . . membership was not estimated ei- WASHINGTON - President ther in the hrings or in the Dwight D. Eisenhower yesterday report, was organized in Chicago nominated Associate Justice Boyd in May 1944. Leedom of the South Dakota Su- preme Court to fill a vacancy on' the National Labor Relations fodm ed Board. The AFL and CIO withheld for- mal comment but appeared coo to the choice The labororganiza- tions said Leedom's labor back- CHICAGO ()-Claude Lightfoot ground seemed to be confined to was sentenced to five years im- serving as arbitrator in a number prison ent and fined $5,000 yes- of railroad union grievance cases. terday for being an "informed" member of the Communist party. Wilson Says . . . Lightfoot, 44-year-old executive WASHINGTON - Secretary of secretary of the party in Illinois, Defense Charles E. Wilson said was the first person to be sen- yesterday. he still thinks "we are tenced under a Smith Act provi- out ahead of the Russians" in sion making it a crime to be a atomic weapons, and the Russians member of or affiliated with an or- know the United States is leading. ganization, knowing it advocates Asked at a news conference If violent overthrow of the U.S. gov- he thought a stalemate had been ernment. reached between Russia and the Defense Atty. John J. Abt said United States in nuclear weapons, he will appeal. he answered: Lightfoot, who accepted the ver- "I don't think so," then added dict calmly, will remain at liberty his views about this country being under $30,000 bond. ahead. Federal Judge Philip L. Sulli- van, in sentencing Lightfoot, cited Chances Sm . . . Lightfoot's work in the party, INDIANAPOLIS - Chances for strict discipline, secret member- approval of a state constitutional ship schools, and "training in amendment lowering the voting well-defined administrative levels." age to 19 looked slim late yester- He said it was reasonable to day after the Senate turned back a conclude that Lightfoot knew the move to bring the measure to a party advocated violent overthrow vote. of the government. Armed Men Seize Red Delegation Romanian Anti-Reds Defy Swiss Police BERN ()-A desperate band of Romanian anti-Communists seiz- ed the Romanian legation yester- day in an attack that cost the life of the legation chauffeur and dragged traditionally neutral Switzerland deep into a cold war incident. Five or six well-armed men at most, the band defied encircling Swiss police hour after hour and demanded release of five resist- ance leaders imprisoned in their Red-ruled homeland. Police Search The helmeted police, armed with rifles, roamed freely last night over the snow-covered grounds that-through world usage toward all diplomatic holdings-are con- sidered Romanian territory The Swiss Cabinet decided in an emergency meeting the police should try persuasion rather than force. The barricaded anti-Commu- nists said they would never sur- f render until they achieved their aim. After their day-long siege the five or six armed Romanians met Swiss negotiators shortly before midnight but refused to give up the building. Food stored in the legation could feed them for sev- eral days. Round Up Reds The band, which police said evidently slipped across the Swiss border illegally, struck about 10 p.m. Monday. They rounded up some Communist staff members and their families. These were lat- er freed.- The chauffeur, Aurel Sedu, was knifed and shot when he resisted upon returning to the quarters about 2 a.m. One of the invaders was caught trying to get away in the dark- ness before dawn. Describing him- self only as a member of the Ro- manian resistance movement, he carried a tommygun, hand gre- nades and documents. The leader told police later two other members of the group had escaped with documents from the legation files. The extraterritorial status of the legation was a factor in both po- lice caution and in a blistering note which Romania fired to Swit- zerland accusing the Swiss of re- sponsibility for what it called a violation of international law by "a gang of Romanian fascists and other criminal elements" Romulo Sees Revision Need In UN Charter CHICAGO (M)-Gen. Carlos Ro- mulo, former president of the United Nations General Assembly, said yesterday the UN charter is badly in need of changes. Romulo, special envoy of the Philippine president, said the UN's "tools" of conciliation, mediation and negotiation were outmoded when the first atom bomb was ex- ploded at Hiroshima-just two months after the original char- ter was signed at San Francisco in 1945. No Time Speaking before the Illinois branch of the United World Fed- eralists, Romulo said: "With the development of the atom bomb, and now the even more terrible hydrogen bomb, there may not be time in some emergency for the United Nations to use the tools for peace that were given it in the charter. Use Ingenuity "We must use our human in- genuity to equal the atom revolu- tion with a political revolution and make the charter more adaptable to the atomic age." Among changes he said are needed is one which would water down the power of veto so fre- quently used by Russia. Romulo called attention to a provision of the charter whereby, 10 years after signing, a confer- ence for the charter's revision could be called by a simple ma- jority vote of the member nations. 1+ Ossible Raise of Dorm Fees Under Deliberation Hopalong WICKENBURG, Ariz. (P)c -- Highway Patrolman George Pemberton for the first time arrested a motorist for having a television set in his automo- bile dashboard. James Skonzakes, 25, of Day- ton, Ohio, whose $25,000 cus- ....* . tom-built car has a TV set with.: a seven-inch screen, got the traffic ticket. Arizona law doesn't permit a TV set in a car at any point, forward of the driver's seat. Skonzakes said e set won't work while the car's engine is -> running. Chianig Sure Of U.S. Aid In Far East TAIPEI AP)--President of Na-i tionalist China Chiang Kai-shek yesterday appeared confident of United States help in any new Far East crisis involving his offshore islands of Quemoy and the Mat- sus. In an exclusive interview, the 63-year-old Nationalist leader gave the impression that he felt the United States in the Tachen with- drawal got more solidly behind him in his battle with the Reds than ever before. Matter Clear Asked about any agreement with. the United States for joint defense of Quemoy, across Formosa Strait, and the Matsus, 100 miles north- west of Formosa, Chiang replied: "The matter is very clear to us and to the Communists." This was much the same reply he gave at a news conference Sun- day. But he went a little further and swept aside objections that a firm commitment would tie down in Formosa's waters important ele- ments of the U.S. 7th Fleet. ° As to that, Chiang said the Na- tionalists' garrison on Quemoy and his air force could hold off a first onslaught until reinforcements ar- rived. Nanchishan Vital Chiang considers Nanchishan vi- tal to the defense of Formosa. There have been re; orts part of the trained guerrillas brought out of the Tachens last week were sent to reinforce the island. Chiang replied with a firm "no" when asked if he thought the show of power by the 7th Fleet last week would hold back the Commu- nists. Petitions Due In Five Days Only five days remain to return petitions for the March 15 and 16 all-campus elections. All petitions must be returned by 6 p.m. Monday to 1020 Administra- tion Bldg. No petitions for Student Gov- ernment Council positions were picked up yestercay- leaving the total of potential candidates at 23. There are 11 elective SGC posts. -Daily-Dick Gaskiil T UE PRINT LOAN COLLECTION will be open this week for students to pick up pictures on order and check out unloaned. prints. Going into its 17th semester of providing art at a nominal fee, the collection numbers over .2,000 including duplicates. It will be open all semester for students to browse, and choose un- claimed prints. A wide selection of smaller pictures as well as larger sizes are still available. Office hours this week will be 10 a.m. to 12 p.m. and 1 to 5 p.m., 8 a.m. to 12 p.m on Saturday. EARLY NEXT WEEK: aMulti-Billion.-Dollar Road P1lan Set for Congress WASHINGTON (A)-President Dwight D. Eisenhower announced yesterday he'll send his multi-billion-dollar highway program to Con- gress early next week. A Senate subcommittee also fixed Monday for hearings on a rival highway plan backed by Democrats. The stage thus was set for what is likely to become one of the most heated political battles of the year-over whether there is to be a new and vastly expanded road pro-. gram and, if so, where the money will come from. R epeal Committee Program F r " s T l A special presidential highway tate committee headed by Gen. Lucius D. Clay, retired, came out a month LANSING, 4RP)-A repeal of the ago with a 101 billion dollar pro- law authorizing a toll road sys- gram that would be financed in tem for Michigan was asked yes- part by a new federal lending terday by Sen. William S. Broom- agency. field (R-Royal Oak). At that time, Pres. Eisenhower Broomfield said he would intro- announced he'd send his highway duce legislation to cancel the 1952 proposals to Congress Jan. 27. law setting up the State Turnpike Cries of anguish came from some Authority. This gave the authority Senate Democrats who contended power to build toll expressways the program involved "sleight-of- between Detroit and Saginaw and hand financing." between Detroit and southwestern The Administration changed its Michigan en route to Chicago, mind and put off submission of Broomfield said the toll road the program. law was passed at a time when a No Official Word lot of people thought there was Na -d no other way to handle heavy There was no official word on traffic on the two routes. whether the Clay committee pro- "Now," he said, "There is a big posals had been changed, but Dem- federal aid program in the offing ocratic leaders said they would and Michigan itself obviously is not be surprised to see some elab- going to have some kind of a ma- orate shifts from the Clay financ- jor highway construction program ing plan. in the near future. Clay called for increasing the "Therefore, it seems senseless to nationwide highway bill from the go into an expensive toll road present rate of 47 billion dollars program." over the next 10 years to 101 bil- Broomfield said that road men lion. and state officials he had talked Much of the additional money with agreed Michigan did not would involve the building of a need toll roads to compete with 40,000-mile network of interstate it's freeways. highways which would link the From Oakland County, Broom- major population centers of the field represents a district where country. there has been opposition to a Room,, Board Rate Hikes Discussed Levy Says Fees May Increase 50 By JOEL BERGERI A possible $50 increaseof room and board rates for next year is being discussed this week by resi- dence hall occupants, Inter-House Council President Stan Levy, '55 said yesterday. According to a brief sent to house officers by the IHC, infor- mation on the possible rate hike was received from fairly reliable sources but nothing definite or conclusive has been decided upon. The "fairly reliable sources" are University officials "It has not been discussed by ;he Residence Hall Board of Gov-, ernors as yet, though I expect it probably will be on the agenda at the next meeting of the Board," Levy's brief reads. Women Hear Plans Monday at the joint Assembly- Dormitory and League House Council meeting, Assembly presi- dent Hazel Frank, '56 presented the possibility of an increase. The representatives to bot councils will meet again Monda . At this time they will bring back the opinions of the 3,000 woen4" they represent which will be sab- mitted to the Board of Governors at the March 1 meeting. Miss Frank said, "Assembly ws very glad of being informed gl oq the possibility of a raise in room and board prior to the actual deci- sion as to whether or not this will go into effect." No Notification Before When the last room and board increase was approved by the Board, residence hall leaders were not notified prior to the decision. On March 11, 1953, the decision. to raise dormitory rates $34 brought forth a motion by IHC "opposing any final action in the rate change by the Board of Gov- ernors until the IHC is. informed as to the need of the change." This is the first time the MO. has been given the opportunity to discuss possible changes in room and board rates before they are definitely decided upon. Funds Split Levy's brief, now being discussed by residents of the quadrangles, says the $50 increase, if levied, would be split up with $12 going for Social Security and additional labor increases. The remaining $38 would be used for reserves to con- struct a new residence hall. The $12 for labor is needed, ac- cording to the. brief, because "mandatory wage increases have been given to permanent em- ployes." In the two years two cost- of-living raises have gone to em- ployes of the residence halls sys- tem. Another reason for the $12 in- crease is that under a new federal law all state employes are eligible for Social Security. Quadrangle employes have indicated they de- sire it. New Residence Hal { Continuing, the brief indicates the remaining $38 could be used to help finance a new residence hall probably opening during the 1957-58 school year. To refinance a residence hall, the University would use addi- tional funds to buy outstanding bonds used to pay for existing quadrangles. Levy's brief reiterates the fact that enrollment will start growing slowly to a peak of about 30,000 to 35,000 students by 1965. Next year the anticipated enrollment increase is about 1,500. To handle this future influx of University students additional res- idence halls will have to be built. There are two reasons for this, the IHC president says in the brief. Reasons for Residences 1) "A survey of private housing nr ---rf. .m b .ho Stirnt.n Lady in Blue STUDENT AWARD DAY SET: Dodds To Tali at Honors Program Harold W..Dodds, president of Princeton University, will speak on "What is a University?" at the 32nd Honors Convocation to be held at 11 a.m., May 13, in Hill Auditorium, Assistant to the Pres- ident Erich A. Walter announced yesterday. Students who achieved an aver- age of 3.5 or better for the past two semesters or who receive spec- ia1 awards based on outstanding Grove City College in 1909. He received a Master of Arts from Princeton in 1914 and a Doctor of Philosophy degree in political science from the University of Pennsylvania in 1917. Youngest President He joined the Princeton faculty in 1925 to teach municipal govern- ment and public administration after having taught at Swarth- f : .a. .,".:: t: Cvi: " ; + "