PAGE FOUR

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

WEDNESDAY, MAY 4, 1955

PAGF.~ vrn~it THE MICHIGAN DAILY WEDNESDAY, MAY &, 1955


COMPETITION NO REASON:
U. S. Should Build Army
According to Necessity

"We Interrupt This News To Bring You The Latest
Chapter Of "John's Other Amendment'-"

SHOCK TREATMENT:
Delinquency Films Need
More Realistic Endings
By ERNEST THEODOSSIN
Daily Movie Critic
1UVENILE DELINQUENCY is now being displayed in a current MGM
* release. "Blackboard Jungle," the melodramatic story of school-
room hoodlums.
In many respects, "Blackboard Jungle" closely resembles Stanley
Kramer's 1954 production, "The Wild One," which presents in docu-
mentary fashion a tale of motorcycle gangs that terrorize a small


DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN

MILITARY MANPOWER should be developed
along lines of necessity rather than along
lines of competition.
A proposed defense cut would give General
Matthew B. Ridgway 146,000 men less than he
has planned for in his armed services develop-
ment plan. Opponents of the defense cut have
argued that Chinese Communists would be en-
couraged to make stronger military moves as
well as increase their military strength.
But even if the Communists do increase their
army, the United States is prepared to increase
its manpower when necessary. Pearl Harbor
taught the Government the lesson about un-
dermanned armed forces. A recent National
Guard alert showed that manpower could be
gathered within a short time, thereby lessening
the need for a larger force. Manpower must
necessarily be increased but in proportion to
technological advancement.
THE NEED FOR SURPASSING Russia's mili-
tary strength has been brought up numerous
times. Although we are in competition with the
Soviet Union in many ways, this competition
must not cause the United States Government
to increase its military establishment only to
outdistance the Russians. If this premise were
used, the United States, just by sheer popula-
tion, could never outdistance Russian manpow-
er, if the Russians intend to recruit every able
man they could.
The strength of the armed services not only
depends on the number of men, but also their
placement according to where they are needed.
Fifty-thousand strategically placed soldiers can
be of more use than 150,000 soldiers scattered
at random.
SINCE THE DEFENSE CUT has been sug-
gested, General Ridgway should be able, if
necessary, to rearrange his plans according to
the number of men he will be working with. If

the general feels that his present military num-
bers are inadequate, there should be good rea-
son for increasing our armed services.
At present, competition with Russia seems to
be the only reason against a defense cut. Press-
ing world conditions are also important in con-
sidering military increases, but does a Far East-
ern stalemate require a defense cut? It does
not. It does require a keen awareness and read-
iness for increases if they are needed, when
they are needed.
--David Kaplan
Statistics Back Up
Vaccine Effectiveness
FAITH is as easy to lse as it is difficult to
win.
As a result of the recent outbreak of polio,
from still undetermined causes, a great deal of
faith has been thrown out the window, causing
science to suffer from a failure of the public
to examine statistics.
We cannot afford to ignore statistics in con-
sidering the success of the Salk vaccine. After
inoculation of thousands of children last sum-
mer it was revealed that the vaccine is 85-90
per cent effective, with little or no harmful
effects from the vaccination.
Considering this statistical success of the
vaccine, it appears too much emphasis is being
placed on the 29 paralytic cases reported of the
300,000 children who received an inoculation.
A board of experts, of which Dr. Salk was
a member, decided this year that it is safe to
go ahead with nation-wide inoculations.
As for the Cutter Laboratories' production,
of the vaccination (the preparation to which
many attribute the outbreak on the West
Coast), judgment must necessarily be withheld
until further investigation can be attained.
-Lew Hamburger

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

TODAY AND TOMORROW

By WALTER LIPPMANN
WHEN, AS IN the affair of the two differing
replies to Chou's statement about Formosa,
a mistake has been made, has been admitted,
and has been corrected, the ordinary and sport-
ing thing to do is to forget it. But both in
Europe and in Asia we are being drawn into
vast and intricate diplomatic activity.
The mistake made in the State Department
a week ago last Saturday-when the President
was away on his farm and the Secretary was
away on his island-was very disturbing indeed.'
For it showed that on a matter of great con-
sequence the Department had not been in-
structed and did not know what was in the
Secretary's mind.
Needless to say, diplomacy cannot be effi-
cient if the State Department and the foreign
service have to act not on clear instructions
but on their own assumptions, as they did that
Saturday morning, about what are the Secre-
tary's purposes and policies.
AS MR. DULLES conceives the office of
Secretary of State, such a lack of under-
standing is almost unavoidable. He treats him-
self not as the top executive of our foreign
affairs but as the operator. His relations with
the President, his relations with Congress and
his meetings with Foreign Ministers, take up
.so much of his time and energy that he can-
not pay anything like sufficient attention to
the administration of our foreign affairs.
This operating procedure will become im-
possibly inefficient in the period of intense
diplomatic activity which is now opening. We
are about tp be engaged in critical diplomatic
encounters and negotiations at all the key
points on the 'borderland of the Communist
orbit-in that great semicircle which runs
from Japan and South .Korea, through For-
mosa, Viet Nam and Southeast Asia, through
the Middle East to Austria and Germany.
The problems are enormously complicated
and they are very much inter-related. They de-
mand coherent and consistent direction from
the center, from Washington. President Eisen-
hower is not a Roosevelt or a Wilson who means
to be his own Secretary of State. Under Eisen-
hower, and in the global complexity of our
Sixty-Fifth Year
Edited and managed by students of the University of
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Hanley Gurwin................Associate Sports Editor
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Telephone NO 23241

affairs, the office of Secretary of State cannot
be left vacant most of the time.
There has to be someone of the highest
authority in Washington who is in continual
and steady command of all the diplomatic
sectors. I have heard an old hand in the for-
eign service say that he wished the airplane,
or at least the Secretary's airplane, had never
been invented.
THE CHARACTER of the problems which we
shall now be dealing with requires a deep
reappraisal in Washington of some of the basic
conceptions of our post-war diplomacy. We are
being drawn into momentous negotiations, and
it is only too painfully obvious that both in
Europe and in Asia the Communist powers
have the diplomatic initiative. Why? Is it be-
cause they are stronger than we are or that
they are cleverer than we are?
Not in my book. They are certainly not
stronger than we are-be it by the standard of
war and of ultimate military power or by the
peace-time standard of human welfare. And
when we remember what Stalin and Molotov
contributed by their mistakes to making the
Marshall Plan a success and to making NATO
a going concern, we need not think that they
are infallible or preternaturally clever.
Our trouble, in my view, is that we have
never adapted the great conceptions of our
foreign policy to the revolutionary consequences,
which have followed from the Soviet Uiion's
achievement of nuclear weapons. One basic
conception of our foreign policy-in that it
envisages a containing military ring of anit-
Communist states-is out of date. The concep-
tion was worked out under Truman and Ache-
son before 1949, that is to say before we knew
that the Soviet Union was breaking our mono-
poly of the atomic bomb.
Since that time, it has been the inexorable
logic of atomic armaments that the borderland
nations must, and that they will, seek se-
curity and survival in policies to prevent war,
and to avoid being involved if war cannot be
prevented.
THE REASON that Moscow and Peiping have
the initiative in propaganda and in diplo-
macy is that they have adapted their diplomacy
to the facts of life in the age of nuclear wea-
pons. In this age there are only two nuclear
powers, only two which have nuclear weapons
for the offense and have also the distance, the
depth, and the space to survive a nuclear of-
fensive.
Since 1949, despite all the grandiose pacts
floating on the surface of events, there has
been a deep and steady undertow which has
been idragging the non-atomic powers-which
include Japan and Germany, all the little bor-
der states and others too-into some kind of
middle position where they have a hope, a
chance, of not becoming involved in an atomic
war.
MOSCOW AND Peiping now have the initia.
tive because they have made their own,
and are using for their own interests the pol-
icy towards whic hall the non-atomic powers
are being drawn by the logic of their own help-
lessness in a war with nuclear weapons.
Our policy, which, is to expect every anti-
Communist or non-Communist nation to line
up with us in a posture of defiance, is incom-
patible with the realities of nuclear weapons.
It has hcome a din1nma'v nf Colonl Blimn

A other Unicorn . .
To the Editor:
AS LAW STUDENTS we are
proud of our University's rec-
ord this year in their regulation
of students' public and private
activities. We realize the necessity
for this type of regulation in an
academic community such as this
and, because of the especially
heavy study load which we in the
Law School must carry, we are
especially happy with the state of
peace and quiet which has re-
sulted this year.
However, it has lately come to
our attention that this expertly
imposed tranquility is about to
come under heavy attack from a
certain element of the student
body which resides within the
very walls of the Law School. This
group, whose purpose seems to be
to subvert all public dignity and
authority, has made periodic as-
saults upon the peace which have,
recently, come dangerously close
to disaster. Only last spring they
came frighteningly close to plung-
ing us all into disgrace. It will not
be necessary to discuss the shame-
ful episode in detail, But we are
sure that no one has forgotten
the affair of the Unicorn in the
Garden. Fortunately our good
Dean took the matter in hand and
saved us all from the ignominy
which such a prank would cer-
tainly have visited upon us had it
been allowed to succeed.
Because this feckless rabble
came so close to success last year
we feel that it would be wise for
the powers of law and order to be
again on guard for there are cer-
tain signs, barely visible to the
untrained eye, which seem to in-
dicate that preparations are afoot
for new abominations. On the way
to class today we were distressed
to see that a new Unicorn was tak-
ing shape within the very halls of
Hutchins. There can be little
doubt that there is some relation
between this impertinence and last
y ear's embarrassing beast. As yet,
only the spoor of the animal has
appeared but expert trackers as-
sure us that the Unicorn is never
far from his spoor.
Perchance we are presumptuous
in our warning. No doubt our busy
administrators have these cul-
prits under observation. However,
we, feeling, as we do, that we and
our school would suffer should
these persons be allowed to per-
petrate another of those juvenile
and dangerous projects, warn all
other responsible members of the
Law School community to be on
guard against any incursions into
their orderly pursuit of know-
ledge.
-George Granger,
William Sesler,
D. Joseph Ferraro

aningTradition . . .
To the Editor:
LATELY I have been greatly con-
cerned with the waning tra-
dition of Michigan. As I pass the
Union, I realize that the students
lack the interest to carve their
names in the Union tables. Fewer
than 30 of the many seniors have
availed themselves of the chance
to enrich this tradition. It is my
only hope thatthis fine bit of "old
Michigan" does not escape our
grasp.
--Cornelius Sipple
* * *
For Realism . . .
To the Editor:
I THINK that William Brumm's
editorial "Not One Square
Inch for Appeasement" is one of
the most illogical and emotional
editorials I have read. I am sure
that Mr. Brumm is proud to be
an American and wants his coun-
try to be one which he can be
proud of. Further he feels that
"it's time we acted like Ameri-
cans." Perhaps we should stop act-
ing like Americans and take a les-
son from England and adopt a
foreign policy of reality. It was
an Englishman who said "We
recognize Red China for the same
reason we recognize Mount Ever-
est on a rainy day, simply because
it exists." By refusing to deal with
Red China we can only delay any
solution of our problems in the
Far East.
Mr. Brumm has not looked at
the real issue. It is not that we
must stop Red China from mov-
ing another inch, but that we must
prevent the entire southeast As-
ian Continent from being overrun
by Communism. This can be done
in several ways; certainly war is
one of them. However I cannot
agree with Mr. Brumm's conclu-.
sion that "with God on our side
we will be victorious."
On the front page of the same
paper that the editorial appeared
in (Tuesday, April 26, 1955) was
an article with the headline "Red
Strength at High Peak." Quoting
the article we see that "Red
China's air force could be doub-
led or tripled 'overnight' by the
Soviets." Reading on further we
find that the Russian army is "the
most powerful land force in the
world, (and is) 'in an excellent
state of combat readiness.'
Time is running out in the Far
East and our strategic position
may be ebbing away. We risk los-
ing both our position and our pres-
tige without gaining any conces-
sions. War would not bring im-
mediate rescue of the fifteen

California town.
The principle aim of both films
tail the misadventures of amoral,
vicious youngsters who threaten
the lives and property of innocent
citizens.
IN "THE WILD ONE," the
townspeople are cut off from po-
lice protection; in "Blackboard
Jungle," the young teacher (Glenn
Ford) who enters the schoolroom
finds that neither school authori-
ties nor law enforcement agencies
offer solutions to his discipline
problems.
In both instances, the citizens
are completely incapable of cop-
ing with the situation. They are
face to face with the most dan-
gerous of animals-the human
animal.
The audience can only experi-
ence frustration; it is expected to
identify with the persecuted vic-
tims who are unable to regain the
freedom of ordering their lives.
HOWEVER, AT this point, the
tone of the two films diverges.
"The Wild One" is a documentary
film; it reveals a situation as any
newsreel might reveal it. It offers
no solution. It does not attempt to
scale its new-found evil on a sys-
tem of values. It points out; it does
not comment.
"Blackboard Jungle," on the
other hand, approaches the prob-
lem quite diferently. Its function
is to exploit, to present the viewer
with a series of shocking scenes,
e.g., rape, robbery, knife fights.
About half way through, "Black-
board Jungle" loses its potency
and drive in an over-long roman-
tic passage and in an attempt to
solve the problem it has presented.
The solution-people are basic-
ally good and just need under-
standing-is at best only a partial
answer, for it ignores the social
and economic conditions which
foster juvenile delinquency.
* * *
BY PLAYING amateur psycho-
logist and resolving personality
conflicts, Ford changes the char-
acter of his reckless charges, turn-
ing them into virtual Little Ford
Fauntleroys. This is unbelievable,
to say the least.
"Blackboard Jungle" is an out-
standing film as a melodrama; it
startles and it shocks and it volds
the viewer's attention rather con-
sistently. Yet, this does not remove
the fact that its plot and presenta-
tion are pure hokum. And while it
purports to document social evils,
it is still very weak when compar-
ed with "The Wild One."
All of this sudden interest in
juvenile delinquency p r o b a b 1 y
means a cycle of such films. If
Hollywood's previous behavior is
any indication, future films should
rapidly become stereotyped.
Yet, it is still to be hoped, that
if the screen is to witness a par-
ade of knife toting junior hoods,
the answers given will not only be
dramatically acceptable, but also
realistic and accurate.
American airmen and 41 United
States civilians being held by
Mao's regime. It will just place
more American lives in jeopardy.
I agree with Mr. Brumm when
he claims that most Americans
don't want to start a war with
China. But I will go one step far-
ther and say that I don't want
to place China in a position that
will force her to start the war.
We don't have to "stay out of
...(war) at all costs" but we
should take necessary measures to
avoid war if at all possible.
-Gerald Goldberg

is to shock the viewer, as they de-
DREW PEARSON:
Ike Talks
About
Assassins
WASHINGTON-Gov. Luis Mun-
oz Marin, first Puerto Rican
ever elected governor of Puerto
Rico, and the best governor the
island has ever known, was con-
ferring with President Eisenhow-
er regarding various Caribbean
problems. Among other things he
doesn't want too high a minimum
wage fixed for Puerto Rico and
pointed out that the present aver-
age wage in the island-58 cents
an hour-is higher than the min-
imum wage in England, France
and Italy.
He also urged President Eisen-
hower to help set up a Caribbean
Commission including every Brit-
ish, Dutch and French possession
in the Caribbean as well as Puerto
Rico and the Virgin Islands, in or-
der to secure better cultural and
tconomi cooperation in that area.
The Prtoident was sympathetic
to bth ideas. During the confer-
ence they got to talking about the
Puerto Rico nationalist who had
attempted to assassinate President
Truman and had shot several con-
gressmen.
* * *
"I WAS DRIVING through New
York," remarked the President,
'when a friend pointed out a build-
ing which he said was the head-
quarters of the Puerto Rican na-
tionalists."
"That must have been the jail,"
replied Governor Munoz, "because
all I know are in jail."
"I don't see why they should
want to shoot me," continued Eis-
enhower jokingly. "I have announ-
ced that I was for independence
if Puerto Rico wants independence.
You're the man they should shoot,
not me."
"They've already tried," replied
the Governor, a little ruefully,
doubtless having in mind the oc-
casion when the nationalists
stormed his home about a year
ago.
* * *
HERE'S THE inside story of
how the State Department issued
a statement one day that the
U.S.A. would not discuss a cease-
fire with Red China without Chi-
ang Kai-shek; then three days
later said we would discuss a cease-
fire without Chiang Kai-shek.
This was not a minor snafu per-
petrated by a minor State Depart-
ment official. Nor was it entirely
the fault of Herbert Hoover, Jr.,
the Undersecretary of State who
originated the first statement. He
phoned a copy to Gettysburg, talk-
ed to the President about an hour
on the phone.
Later, two things happened.
First, Senator George of Georgia
got a tremendous ovation when he
told the American Society of News-
paper Editors that we should talk
to the Red Chinese about peace no
matter what the circumstances.
SECOND, the State Department
received a four-page confidential
cablegram from Premier Moham-
med Ali of Pakistan, who visited
this country last year and is a good
friend of the U.S.A.
At the Bandung Conference,
Red China's tough-talking Prem-
ier Chou En-lai had two confer-
ences with the two rival leaders
of what was once British India,
now are Pakistan and India.
According to the secret cabled
reports of U.S. diplomats, Chou's
talk with idealistic Premier Nehru

was a flop. Nehru tried to be the
peacemaker of Asia, but got cold-
shouldered.
Though Nehru wanted the Red
Chinese leader to guarantee the
neutrality of all non-Communist
Viet Nam, Chou would guarantee
only the small and unimportant
states of Laos and Cambodia. Im-
plication was the Reds would pene-
trate the rest of Indo-China --
namely, the much richer, more
powerful Viet Nam now undergo-
ing revolt.
Premier Nehru finally left the
Chou conference peeved and dis-
%ppointed.
WITH NEHRU'S rival, Premier
Mohammed Ali of Pakistan, Chou
was more cooperative. Perhaps he
cxrnc r1P.ihrn+a .wni- tem

(Continued from Page 2)
tenor; and Morley Meredith, baritone;
Philadelphia Orchestra, Thor Johnson,
Conductor.
SAT., MAY 7, 2:30 p.m. Jeanne Mitch-
ell, violinist; PhiladelphiarOrchestra,
Eugene Ormandy, Conductor; Festival
Youth Chorus, Marguerite Hood, Con-
ductor. Program: Overture "Donna Di-
ang" (Reznicek; Mozart Sinfona Con-
certante; viennese Folk and Art Songs;
Schubert Unfinished Symphony; and
the Mozart Concerto in A major.
SAT., MAY 7, 8:30 p.m. William War-
field, Baritone, Philadelphia Orchestra,
and Eugene Ormandy, Conductor. Pro-
gram: Overture and Allegro from "La
Sulitne" (Couperin); Songs by Handel,
Brahms and Copland; Dello Jolo's Epi-
graph; and Concerto for Orchestra
(Bartok).
SUN.,MAY 8, 2:30 p.m. University
Choral Union; Lois Marshall, Soprano;
Leslie Chabay, tenor; Morley Meredith,
baritone; Grant Johannesen, Pianist.
Program: Carl Orf's "Carmina Burana"
and Prokofieff Concerto No. 3 in.
major.
SUN., MAY 8, 8:30 p.m. Rise Stevens,
Mezzo-soprano; Philadelphia Orchestra;
Eugene Ormandy, Conductor. Program;
Arias from operas by Gluck, Tschaikow-
sky, Saint-Saens and Bizet; Bloch Cop-
certo Grosso No. 2 for String Orchestra;
and Tschaikowsky Symphony No. 4 in
1 minor.
Tickets, pnd further information, may
be procured at the offices of the Uni-
versity Musical Society, Burton Memo-
rial Tower, through Wed., May 4.
Beginning Thurs. a.m., May 5, tickets
will be available at the box office in
Hill Auditorium during the day; and n
after 7:00 p.m.
Events Today
Undergraduate Zoology Club presents
"Tropical Fish, their Behavior, Care and
Breeding." Frank McCormick, Univer-
sity Acquarium, Wed., May 4, 3:15 p.m,
328 E. Liberty.
Resident Directors' Seminar Wed.,
May 4, at 2:30 p.m., League. vice Presi-
dent James A. Lewis will speak.
Michigan Crib Meeting. Room 3B,
Michigan Union-$:00 p.m., Wed., May
4, Room 3B, Michigan Union. Arthur
Carpenter will speak on "Law in Pub-
lic Life." Refreshments.
U. of M. Chapter of the Amerle
Society of Civil Engineers will me
Wed., May 4, at 8:00 p.m. in Rackham
Amphitheater, jointly with the Mich-
igan Section of the American Society
of Civil Engineers. E. Thomas Baker,
Chief Engineer, Michigan Turnpike
Authority will speak on "Studies of
the Michigan Turnpike Authority." All
members of the local chapter are re-
quested to attend. Guests invited.
The 49th Annual French Play. Le
Cercle Francais will present "L'Avare"
a comedy in five acts by Moliere Wed.,
May 4, at 8:00 p.m. in Lydia Mendels-
sohn Theatre. The Box Office will be
open today 10:00 a.m.-8:00 p.m. Members
of the Club will be admhtted free of
charge by returning their membership
cards. r
Student Zionist meeting, Wed., May
4 at Hillel. 8:00 p.m. Israeli dances will
beataught after the meeting.
Episcopal Student Foundation. Stu-
dent Breakfast at Canterbury House,
Wed., May 4, after the 7:00 a~m. Holy
Communion.
Senior society Meeting Wed., May 4
at 9:15 p.m. in the Union.
Hillel. Petitions for positions for the
executive committee and the adminis-
trative council may be obtained at Hil-
lel. The deadline for executive 'peti-
tions is May 4. The deadline for the
administrative council petitions is
May 10.
Interviewing for Freshman Rendez-
vous Counselors, Wed., May 4, 2:00-3:00
p.m. at Lane Hall. Those who have re-
ceived notices, please call Lane Hall
if unable to appear at this time.
Wesleyan Guild, Wed., May 4. Mid-
week Worship in the chapel 7:30-7:50
a.m. Mid-week Tea in the lounge at
4:15 p.m.
Westminster and Lutheran student
groups will sponsor a discussion on
"Medicine and Christianity" today at
9:15 p.m. at the Presbyterian Church.
Leaders include Drs. John Henderson
and Frnk Sladen. Medical and premed
students especially invited. Refresh- t
ments.
Coming Events
Hillel. There will be no more Fri.

evening dinners for the rest of the
semester.
La. Petite Causette meets Thurs., May
5 from 3:30-5:00 p.m. in the left room
of the Union cafeteria.
Christian Science Organization Testi-
monial Meeting, 7:30 p.m. Thurs., Up-
per Room, Lane Hall.
International Center Tea. Thurs., 4:30-
6:00 p.m. Rackham Building,
Sailing Club. Meeting Thurs. at 7:45
p.m. in 311 W. Eng.
Episcopal Student Foundation. Stu-
dent Breakfast at Canterbury House.
Thurs., May 5, after the 7:00 a.m. Holy
Communion. Confirmation conducted
by the Right Reverend Archie Crowley,
5:00 p.m., Thurs., May 5, in the Chapel
of Saint Michael and All Angels.
Final Social Seminar. Michigan Chap-
ter, American Society for Public Admin-
istration. T. Ledyard Blakeman, Direc-
tor of the Detroit Area Metropolitan
Regional Planning Commission, will dis-
cuss "Regional Planning and Admini-
strative Action" Thurs., May 5 at 7:45
p.m. in the East Conference Room of
the Rackham Building. Refreshments.
Christian Science Lecture by Henry
Allen Nichols of Los Angeles, Califor-
nia, on, "Christian Science: The Goal of
Scientific Knowledge," Mon., May 9 at
8:00 n.m. Auditorium A. Angemi Hal

ALMOST A TRADITION:
Pulitzer Prize Winners Draw Debate

By HARRY STRAUSS
T'S ALMOST tradition.
Literary prizes lead to debates.
When the National Book Award
gave its 1954 award to William
Faulkner's "A Fable," all of the
literary columns noted the mixed
reviews the novel received, and
pointed to others, notably Harri-
ette Arnow's "The Dollmaker," as
more even works.
Monday the Pulitzer committee
announced its awards and, for the
first time, Faulkner won, and he
won it for "A Fable." Ironically,
the international Nobel Prize came
to him first.
. ** *

ma follows his symbolic" Camino
Real," a success d'esteme. "Cat"
returns to his earlier successes, be-
ing a play about a Southern fam-
ily. The potent commentary on
mendacity in a somewhat deca-
dent household makes superb the-
atre.
. This is the second Pulitzer Prize
in Drama that Williams has re-
ceived. He was awarded the 1948
prize for his "A Streetcar Named
Desire."
Also a two-time winner is Gian-
Carlo Menotti. He was awarded the
1950 music prize for his monu-
mental, "The Conusul," where he
first attempted to bridge the gap
nf drama and onera. In his "The