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VOL. LXV, No. 146 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, MAY 3, 1955
SIX PAGES
U.S. Might Favor
Bao Dai Ouster
Collins Tells Diem United States
.Top Experts)
Debate U.S.'
Defense Cut
Wilson, Radford
,Six
Firemen
Overcome
By Smoke in Local Blaze
Backs South Viet Nam. Government Endorse Action
F By the Associated Press
The United States hinted broadly yesterday it would favor de-
posing ex-Emperor Bao Dai as South Viet Nam's Chief of State
unless he abandons his efforts to overthrow the government of
Premier Ngo Dinh Diem.
In Saigon, Diem learned directly from Gen. J. Lawton Collins,
special envoy of President Dwight D. Eisenhower, that the United
States still backs his conduct of the embattled South Vietnamese gov-
ernment in the face of local rebellion, French animosity and Bao
Dai~s disapproval.
D dBut Gen. Collins, who returned yesterday from conferences in
Washington, was understood to have withheld any advance en-
dorsement of Diem's moves to depose the absentee Chief of State.
Suydam Refuses Comment
In Washington the State Department's chief press officer, Henry
Suydam also refused to say whether the United States regards Bao
Dai, who has been living on the French Riviera, as Viet Nam's right-
ful chief of state.
Suydam maintained an official silence on this point despite re-
peated questioning by reporters, who said his refusal to comment
"must be considered significant."
Only last Friday, before a
Diem Back
As Leader
In Saigon
In Saigon, South Viet Na
Premier Ngo Dinh Diem is be
irg power, supported by army lea
ers and the United States.
Gen. Nguyen Van Vy, who b
held power for a few hours, fled
the hills when the army withdr
its backing of his governm(
Sunday.
A National Revolutionary Co
mittee, invited into the Premi
palace by Diem, asked the P
mier to form a new governm(
and declared absentee Chief
State Bao Dai deposed.
Calls for 'States General'
The Revolutionary Commit
has called for a "states gener
assembly of Vietnamese provinc
delegates to meet tomorrow to a
prove its action.
Premier Diem and three t
army generals sent a message
Bao Dai advising him that a
new government he might na
would not be recognized.
From his villa on the Rivie
the French-backed Emperor
clared he was not hostile to Die
attributing his previous bitter e
nunciations of the Premier to la
of information.
Hopes Diem Won't Yield
SBao Dai expressed the hc
that Diem would not yield to t
pressures of "extremist minorit.
blinded by passion." He said1
only interests were in averting
civil war and in having a popula
ly-backed government.
In Viet Nam, Premier Diem a
peared to be following through
his announced determination
fight to the finish against the re
el Binh Xuyen. Last night t
army opened a mop-up dri
against the insurgents ending ti
days of comparative quiet that fi
lowed bitter weekend fighting
Saigon streets.
Headquarters Captured
Four battalions stormed into t
Suburb of, Cho Lon and quick
captured the headquarters of Bi
Xuyen Gen. Le Van Vien. Th
then headed toward the new re
el headquarters six miles away.
In Paris, authoritative Fren
government sources said Premi
Edgar Faure's government was nc
prepared to "sacrifice" Boa D
as chief of state if it would pr
mote stability..
French officials previously h
called Premier Diem unequal
his task, blaming him for the w
,g ainst the rebels
backer of Bao Dai tried to oust Diem
"in a coup, Suydam acknowledged
that Bao was regarded as chief
of state.
Questioned on Change of Policy
Suydam gave out a half dozen
assorted "no comments" in reply
to questions as to whether a
change of policy had been decided
on or was imminent.
Top officials commented after-
wards that Suydam's news con-
m, ference answers were deliberate--
ack that the absent Bao Dai was in
ad- effect being put "on notice of good
conduct."
ad This was a warning, they said,
to that in any showdown the Unit-
ew ed States would choose the 41-
ent year-old -Roman Catholic Diem
o~ er Bao Dai, whom man*, offi -
im- cials regard as highly favorable tc
er's the French.
re- Humphrey Supports Diem Backing
ent Sen. Hubert Humphrey (D-
of Minn.) virorously supported 'the
State Department's continued
backing for Diem in Senate com-
tee ments on the turbulent Indochina
al" situation.
Sen. Humphrey said that in any
ial showdown between Diem and the
ex-emperor "Bao Dai must gc."
Sen. Humphrey said he spoke
top out because he wanted Diem "to
ty know he has friends in this coun-
me try who will back him up."
Sinister Forces
ra, The Minnesota Democrat also
de- blasted what he called "sinister,
m, immoral and corrupt forces"
de- among the French in Viet Nam. He
ick said they were "hanging on to
colonialism."
Although declining to comment
)eofficially, top State Department
teofficials were obviously highly
ies pleased at Diem's apparent suc-
cess in defeating the attempted
rebellion by a group known as the
ar- Binh Xuyen.
Diem's success in surviving an
p- attempted coup also reinforced
ontheir belief that he is perhaps the
on only man on the scene in Saigon
to who can build a vigorous anti-
he Communist democracy capable of
iye withstanding pressure from the
Red-ruled North.
ol-i
in Festival
I
WASHINGTON --Two top de-
fense officials have disputed Gen.
Matthew Ridgway's contention
that President Dwight D. Eisen-
hower's decision to cut the Army
strength an additional 75,000 men
came with little warning and
without due consideration of the
Army's objections.
Secretary of Defense Charles E.
Wilson and Adm. Arthur W. Rad-
ford, chairman of the Joint Chiefs
of Staff, said the cut was long
planned and that the Army's views
were "fully considered" before-
hand and were rejected.
The two gave this testimony at
a closed session of a House Ap-
propriations subcommittee a few
days before Ridgway offered his
views last February. The Wilson
and Radford testimony was made
public yesterday, Ridgway's Sun-
day.
Told Army Would Be Cut
Ridgway, who is Army chief of
staff, said he was told with "little
warning" last December that the
Army would be cut 146,000 men
by mid-1956 to 1,102,000 instead
of the "new look" 1,173,000 total it
has expected.
He said the Army had completed
its proposed budget based on the
larger goal, fixed in. 1953.
Ridgway said he had no chance
to protest the extra cutback to the
National Security Council, the na-
tion's top strategic planning board.:
Disputed Arguments
In their testimony, Wilson and
Radford also disputed arguments
that the added cutback would en-
courage the Chinese Communists
to make stronger military moves..
They painted a picture of the
Army, Navy and Air Force rapidly'
increasing combat power through
improved weapons, particularly in
the atomic and guided missile
fields.
Radford said he believed U.S.
strength in the last three or four
years had increased more than
Soviet Russia's, "due primarily to
Damage Set
At $150,000
Conflagratiois
Cause Unknown
By MICHAEL BRAUN
A fire, "cause still unknown,"
damaged $150,000 worth of mer-
chandise at the Michigan State
Liquor Store yesterday and sent
six firemen to the hospital with
smoke poisoning.
The blaze, according to store
manager John McDermott, "de-
stroyed practically every bottle
in the building," which was the
sole state wholesale outlet in
Washtenaw County.
Fire trucks arrived at the scene
at 6:04 p.m. The acrid stench of
smoke and spirits filled the down-
town area until 8:15 p.m. when
the flames were .officially pro-
nounced "under control."
Fireman Overcome By Fumes
Carl Hinz, 24, was the first fire-
man to be- overcome by fumes
from the blaze which was localized
in the basement of the store.
Billows of alcohol - drenched
smoke blotted the sinking sun as
pneumatic drills ripped into the
-rent to "get at the fire."
Water from hoses in the ease-
ment turned sidewalk holes into
so many little 'Old Faithfuls.' Ev-
ery few minutes a champagne
cork would pop.
Use Gas Masks
In the rear of the store they
were sending men down with gas
masks.
"Some of the boys don't want
the masks" said Fire Chief Ernest
Heller, "makes them nervous and
they can't hear orders."
Oxygen equipment was laid out
on the ground for firemen over-
Liquor Store
-Daily--Dick Gaskili -Daily-Dick Gaskill
OVERCOME FIREFIGHTER GETS AID OPENING UP THE SIDEWALK
i
Pulitzers Go
To Faulkner,
Williams
NEW YORK (T) -- William
Faulkner's "A Fable" yesterday
won him his first Pulitzer Prize in
literature. Tennessee Williams re-
ceived his second Pulitzer drama
award for "Cat on a Hot Tin
Roof."
Williams' Broadway hit deals
with the dissolution of a Missis-
sippi Delta family.
The Columbus, Ga., Ledger and
Sunday Ledger-Enquirer won the
1955 prize for disinterested and
meritorious public service by a
newspaper.
Parents Shun
Salk Vaccine
MONTREAL, Que. ( P)-iMon-
trealers fought shy of the anti-
polio needle yesterday and few
turned out Tor the first day of
free Salk vaccine inoculations.
Only a trickle of 2-year-olds
-about 550-were brought to
the 72 city clinics and health
centers.
Dr. Adelard Groulx, city
health director, said the re-
suits were "very disappointing."
Doctors had hoped to pro-
cess 5,000 a day. The total num-
her of eligible children-born
in 1953 or later-for the free
shots is about 25,000.
Eisenhower Urges
Freer Commerce
WASHINGTON (P)-Prosperity at home and freer trade abroad
are major ingredients for a victory over Communism, President
Dwight D. Eisenhower told the United States Chamber of Commerce
yesterday.
If the United States adheres to the principles which made it
great and at. the same time works to develop international trade,
President Eisenhower said, "we are as certain of defeating Com-
munism as we are that, we are all in this hall this morning."
The President received a standing ovation before and after he
delivered his informal remarks at the chamber's annual meeting
in Constitution Hall.
Must Continue Prosperity
"T feel that the asniration of global peace is based on justicei
IPayments Due
Subscription Payments for
The Daily are duenow.
Failure to pay may result in j
withholding of credits.
the tremendous development of
our jet aircraft and our weapons
delivery system."
Cut Represents 'Cusion'
Wilson said the 75,000-man:
Army cut represented a "cushion"a
left in earlier estimates to meet
any deterioration in world condi-
tions.
He said it was decided last De-
cember, in making .a final review
of the budget, that the situations
in Korea and Indochina hadf
"changed to the point where this
cushion was no longer necessary."
In answer to questions, Wilsonz
agreed that the cutback meant
the Army views were "not given1
primary consideration." He said'
this was not unusual.
"If you listen to the military#
people only," Wilson said, "they
will bankrupt the nation or elseE
create a military dictatorship. {
1 A4:GA lU""v u-- U0 j./11 uu1V 11 V1
and decency and respect for of
L and decency and respect for otl
TT* *_*
It stems from the paper's newsV n.er m an
coverage and editorial attack on Gousiteh r g E dn x ttol
Mrs. Caro Brown of the Alice Reviews World Situation
Tex., Daily Echo, won her awardI
for risking her life in an expose of By JANE HOWARD.
40 years of corruption and ter-
rorism in Duval County, Tex. A hurried tour of The Daily yesterday allowed a busy German
For local reporting where edi- visitor time for a few widely-varied comments ranging from the'
tion time was not a factor, Man- world situation-to Ann Arbor.
aging Editor Roland K. Towery of Chief Editor Norbert Mayer of the Donau Kurier (Danube Courier)
the Cuero, Tex., Daily Record was in Ingolstadt, Bavaria, left the University yesterday after a two-day
given the prize, visit as the guest of Prof. Percival Price of the School of Music.
William S. White won a prize in Mayer's United States visit, totalling 45 days, has been arranged
the biography field for his "The through a government international exchange program.
Taft Story.".I Army "Necessary Evil"
The history award went to Discussing Western foreign policy's long-range objective of re-
"Great River, the Rio Grande in arming the West German Republic, Mayer said the younger German
North American History," by Paul generation doesn't want an army - and considers it a "necessary evil."
Horgan.,
Gian-Carlo Menotti's "The Saint With Germany facing the possibility of accepting Soviet Russia's
of Bleecker Street" was selected advances toward neutralization, the Social Democratic party, accord-
for the music award. ing to Mayer, "wants neutralization, but hasn't the courage to say so."
Wallace Stephens won the po- In general Mayer cited a "great distrust of Soviet Russia' in his
etry prize for a book of collected countrymen. "Russia offered the same things it's offering now two!
poems. years ago," he recalled, "and they didn't come through."
,., He added that the Austrian
state treaty, producing evacuation
of the Soviet garrison from its
zone of operation in Austria, has
"made a deep impression on Ger-
many-and was made to influences
Germany, perhaps, more than Aus-
ters, and that it means that we come by the smoke. Thomas Noo-
4must continue our prosperity at nan, 35, was the fire's second vie-
home," he said. time.
Oher speakers da low . Waits For Ambulance
ing picture of America's futue- As he. lay on the ground waiting
ingpitur o Amria'sfuure- for the ambulance, his -wife.
San economic era in which they Jeanne pae wae ne
preictd dpresios wll e o- Ihis head and asked about the oxy-
solete, the standard of living pos-
sibly doubled and "three-car fam- It was now 7:20. In front of
ilies" commonplace the store they were snaking hoses'
About 3,500 businessmen are at- into the holes in the sidewalk and
tending the meeting which runs Douglas Harvey, 23, was placed in
through tomorrow. 'the ambulance; the fire's third vic-
President Eisenhower,. plugging tim.
for the foreign trade program he The concerned and the merely
has asked Congress to enact, told curious were milling about. Ropes
the delegates that in the inter- were put up so that the firemen
ests of freer world trade "we must could work. Several enterprising
make some concessions-and some boys climbed to the roof of the
here and there will be a bit pain- bus terminal and sat with their
ful." feet dangling over the blinking
Greyhound sign and "got a ter-
Buti f the program goes through ;}rific view."
1and international trade is A
' strengthened "we simply cannot Another Victim of Smoke
lose in the struggle against Com- In the rear of the store now
munism," he said. they were raising Paul Morrefield,
The Eisenhower program calls 32, onto a stretcher. "Overcome by
for a three-year extension of the smoke" was the doctors diagnosis
reciprocal trade agreements act as the fireman was sped to St.
with authority for the President Joseph's Mercy Hospital.
'to deduce tariffs 15 per cent dur- The siren's wail was just fading
ing that period in return for sim- in the air when they carried an-
ilar trade advantages in foreign other fireman out of the store.
markets. "I'm alright" he said "but I sure
It has passed the House and is could've used that oxygen down
being debated in the Senate. there."
The sun had set. The bark of
he To Host Noted
y Performers
ey
Noted conductors and soloists
ch will appear at the University Mu-
ier sical Society's 62nd annual May
i Festival from Thursday through
ai Sunday in Hill Auditorium.
_- Eugene Ormandy will make his
19th consecutive appearance at
iad the Festival Thursday at 8:30 p.m.
He will conduct works by Bach and
to Beethoven.
ar A
f e r intermission Rd olph
I
Fire
f
______________________ ka±S~lL, kJianLu~, wLjiply ianms-l
Second Piano Concerto.
White House Thor Johnson To Conduct
Friday evening, Thor Johnson
will conduct the University Chor-
selaRe r al Union. Lois Marshall, soprano,
t Nell Rankin, contralto, Leslie Cha-
bay, tenor, and Morley Meredith,
On Form osa baritone are soloists.
Ormandy will again take the po-
WASHINGTON (P)-The White dium Saturday at 2:30 p.m. for
House underlined its no-crisis at- works by Reznicek and Mozart.
titude about Formosa yesterday by Marguerite Hood will conduct
waiting until today to receive a the Festival Youth Chorus in Vi-.
formal report from a top level enese Folk and Art Songs.
mission just back from the scene. Warfield Will Sing
President Dwight D. Eisenhower, Saturday at 8:30 p.m. Ormandy
in fact, took time off for a game will conduct selections by Couper-
of golf with the visiting Prime in. William Warfield, baritone will
Minister of Thailand, Field Mar- sing. Sunday at 2:30 p.m., John-
shal P. Pibulsonggram. son will conduct "Carmina Bur-
In the long run, Mayer predict- j the drill was gone from the air.
ed, Germany will be united-but City Council All that remained was the smoke
he has no idea how long this ob- and the flames deep in the bowels
jective will take. Studies Slum of the store.
Radios throughout Germany are Attempts to Retrieve Records
filled with political propaganda, *h* * McDermott went into his' first
Mayer said, adding that "a Rehabfhtaion ,loor office to try and retrieve the
strange phenomenon has taken records. New liquor -licenses were
place: East zone propaganda Slum clearance, to be successful, water soaked.
doesn't seem to influence the West must be done on an area rather A fireman came out of the base-
--but Western propaganda is get- than a piecemeal basis, according ment, wiped his brow, took off his
ting the desired response in East- to City Council Presideht A. D. boot and poured some water out.
ern zones." Moore. A bystander asked whether he
Impressed with the Daily's facil- Moore has been conducting a could "salvage anything unofficial-
ities and independence, Mayer, study to determine how Ann Arbor y.,
said "German universities have' can improve its blighted sections. With the popping of a fresh case
newspapers, but none like this-- He commented yesterday, - "A of champagne, Benjamin Zahn,
theirs are more like magazines." successful attack must be on an Jr., 29, became the fifth victim o
His own paper has a wide circu- area basis through what is now .the fire.
i s 11 1111i 111111 ill 1 ii