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FAIR AND WARM
VOL. LXV, No. 15 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SUNDAY, MAY 1, 1955
SIX PAGES
Bloodless
VietNa
Coup
uto'
Gives
South
Van
LI
Nguyen
V
.+
,, t,
I
Senators Support.
Ike's Peace Plan*
Cooperation With Nationalist China
Requested by Smith and Saltonstall
WASHINGTON (P)-Twelve Senate members of the Eisenhower
wing of the Republican party said yesterday they support President
Dwight D. Eisenhower's "efforts for negotiation of a cease-fire with
Communist China."
But two of them-Sens. H. Alexander Smith (R-N.J.) and Lev-
erett Saltonstall (R-Mass.) added in a supplemental. statement that,
"It is most advisable, if possible, that such negotiations be carried on
din collaboration with representa-
tives of our ally, Nationalist
RfChina."
epo eds 1 The 12 took a position varying
from that of Sen. Knowland (R-
-Daily-John Hirtzei
GEORGE GALLUP (L.) AND PROF. JAMES K. POLLOCK
Ploli'tical Polling
Meet, Ends Here
A three day colloquium concern-
ing "The Role of Public Opinion
Polls in the Study of Political Par-
ties" ended here yesterday.
The' conference, sponsored by
the political science department,
was attended by professional poli-
ticians and experts in public opin-
ion polling as well as political
scientists.
Gallup Tells.
Of Polling
EXeriences
By MICHAEL BRAUN
George Gallup spends most of
his time thinking about what oth-
er people are thinking about.
As head of the American Insti-
tute of PublicOpinion he is profes-
sionally interested in people's opin-
ions on everything from the A line
to the Eisenhower administration.
Public opinion polls reached a
turning point in the 1948 presi-
dential elections when all their
predictions ran smack up against
a little man from Missouri.
"Since that time," he says, "we
have developed and improved our
methods. But we always keep the
fact in mind that sometime in his-
tory, polls will go wrong again."
Machinery of Public Record
When questioned as to the use-
fulness of pre-election polls, Qal-
lup replies that "they are of no
advantage. Our main purpose is
to establish some machinery of
public record."
"The function of public opinion
polls," he continues, "can prob-
ably be best explained in the words
of James Bryce-'The obvious dif-
ficulty of government is in ascer-
taining that difficulty."
Gallup feels that public opinion
polls have several distinct advan-
tages. "We can report public sen-
timent faster than any other me-
dium, including the press," he says.
"Public officials respect our
findings for their accuracy but are
not necessarily influenced by
them. Although," he adds, "Tru-
man may have been disillusioned
in 1948 by the number of people
?+ who were 'going to vote' for Dew-.
ey "
Reliance on Mail
E Before the advent of public
opinion polls, politicians had to
rely on their mail to determine
what the public was thinking
about. Gallup feels that the mail
A is merely "the sentiment of the ar-
ticulate minority."
Because it is the voice of a mi-
nority, it is always wrong, Gallup
says. As evidence he points to the
mail concerning Prohibition. "It
was mostly from groups like the
WCTU, and 9 to 1 against repeal."
The future of' public of public
opinion polls? Gallup feels they
will join the newspaper and the
politician as "an accepted part of
the American way of life."
Judges for Case
Clubs Announced
Judges for next year's Law
Sehnn1 Case Chih neuliminarv
Prof. James K. Pollock, chair-
man of the political science de-
partment, called the conference to
get diverse viewpoints on the topic
prior to his attendence as a dele-
gate at the International Confer-
ence of Political Scientists to be
held in Stockholm next year.
Voter perception of the politi-
cal party was a recurring theme
throughout the six sessions of the
meeting, according to John P.
White of the political science de-
partment.
Voter and the Party
"How does the voter envisage
the party?" "What are his ex-
pectations from it?" These ques-
tions were discussed by Prof. An-
gus Campbel, Head of the Sur-
vep Research Center, George Gal-
lup, head of the American Insti-
tute of Public Opinion and Prof.
David Truman of Columbia Uni-
versity.
The question of public opinion
polls complementing, rather than
competing with, traditional politi-
cal research was discussed by
Prof. Clarence Berdahl of the Uni-
versity of Illinois and Prof. John
Lederle of the political science de-
partment.
"Surveys should" be used to fill
gaps in traditional research, not
to supplement it," White said.
International Polling
"Cross national" or internation-
al polling was also discussed. The
difficulties of translating inter-
Views, differing party organiza-
tions and social factors, in addi-
Salk Vaccine
More than 300 Ann Arbor
children will receive Salk vac-
cine inoculations tomorrow.
Dorothy Harding, school
nurse, said that 206 children
are scheduled to receive their
first shots tomorrow morning
at Eberwhite School and 102
more will be inoculated at Bach
School in the afternoon.
The schedule for Ann Arbor
schools will continue through
Friday.
tion to varying individual percep-
tion were brought out in a panel
that included Prof. Alfred de-
Grazia of Stanford, Prof. Daniel
Katz of the psychology depart-
ment, Prof. Stein Rokkun of the
University of Oslo and Prof. C. B.
Macpherson of the Univesrity of
Toronto.
The parties also use the polls
to determine the effectiveness of
particular campaign strategies.
"Significantly" White says "there
was very little discussion of the
'bandwagon' effects of polling. He
explained that this was the theory
that the publichis influenced in
their voting by public opinion poll
results and casts their ballot for
the favorite in a pre-election poll."
Nominating Process
"However" he continues "other
functions of polls such as in the
nominating process were discuss-
ed at length." As an example,
White pointed to the Republican
presidential hopefuls in 1952. "Be-
fore the convention practically
every poll showed that Eisenhower
would run stronger than Taft
against any Democratic candidate.
White believes these polls were a
"trnno- influincn at the nnvn-
Would Abide
Cease-Fire
WASHINGTON W)--The United
States has received indications
that Nationalist China will de-
nounce but abide by any cease-fire
agreement which this country may
be able to negotiate with Red Chi-
na for the Formosa Strait.
President Eisenhower and Sec-
retary of State Dulles are looking
forward to further word on the
Nationalist attitude toward ending
the fighting, when two of their
top aides report Monday on a fly-
ing mission to Generalissimo
Chiang Kai-Shek's capital, Taipei.
Asst. Secretary of State Walter
Robertson and Adm. Arthur W.
Radford, chairman of the joint
chiefs of staff, returned to the
United States Saturday from For-
mosa.
Robertson was asked whether he
obtained assurances from Chiang
that Chiang would abide by a
peace pact. He said that Chiang
"made no such comment to me."
But other officials in Washing-
ton said that as a result of var-
ious contacts with the National-
ists on the cease-fire problem,
they were satisfied that Chiang
Kai-Shek would go along, re-
gardless of how much he dislikes
it.
Chiang has repeatedly made
clear in public statements his gov-
His policy is to keep the war going
ernment opposition to a cease-fire.
and fight his way back to the
mainland with American help.
Cal.).
He is basically opposed to any
conference from which Chiang Kai
Shek's Nationalists are absent but
said "there may be some formula,
although I am not yet advised of
it, by which we could negotiatej
directly with the Chinese Com-
munists without affecting the in-
terests of the Nationalists."
Knowland said, however, he had
no present- intention of resigning
as Senate GOP leader.
The 12 who signed a statement
declaring they are back of Eisen-
hower in "waging peace" were
Sens. Gordon Allot (R-Col.), J. G.
Beall (R-Md.,) Prescott Bush (R-
Conn.), Frank Carlson (R-Kan.),
Clifford Case and Smith (R-N.J.),
Norris Cotton (R-N.H.), James
Duff (R-Penn.), Irving Ives (R-
N.Y.), T. H. Kuchel (R-Cal.), F.
G. Payne (R-Me.) and Saltonstall.
Smith has been a strong sup-
porter of Chiang Kai-Shek's China
regime. Saltonstall is Knowland's
assistant leader.
They said they joined in the
general statement by the other 10'
with reservation that 1. Chiang
be represented, if possible, at any
cease-fire talks and 2. "that such
negotiations insure that the armed
forces of Nationalist China be
maintained mobile and available
in the event of Communist ag-
gression, or threat of aggression,
anywhere in Asia', including Ko-
rea and Indochina."
Knowland said he is opposed to
any conference at which the Na-
tionalists are not represented. Ear-
lier in the week, he criticized indi-
rectly Eisenhower's statement that
it would be "perfectly legitimate"
to negotiate directly with the Chi-
nese Communists for a cease-fire
r in the Formosa Strait even if the
Nationalists did not participate.
EVA -V gD zt e A InIM3*h,
'M', Purdue'
Nines Split
Double Bill
In Tie for First
With Minnesota
Special to The Daily
LAFAYETTE, Ind.-The Mich-
igan baseball squad split a double-
header with Purdue, 17-0 and' 3-5,
as it lost its firstConference game
of the season yesterday.'
One reason for the loss was the
injury of Don Eaddy, star third-
baseman. who was hit in the head
in the. first inning of the second
game. After losing Eaddy, the
Maize and Blue were never the
same team that they were in the
first game. Eaddy was sent to the
infirmary and it has been dis-
closed that he is in good condition.
He will return with the team.
. Tied for First
This loss drops Michigan into
a first-place tie with Minnesota,
which took both halves of its dou-
ble-header with Iowa.
The first game was a scoreless
pitching duel until the fifth in-
ning when ten Wolverines scored.
From then on Coach Ray Fisher's
forces completely dominated the
game, adding seven more runs to
their score. Michigan pitcher Bill
Thurston blanked the Boilermak-
ers on seven hits in racking up the
win.
Purdue led all the way in the
second game. Eaddy's injury real-
ly made the Wolverines a nervous
crew. It wasn't until the fourth in-
ning that the Wolverines had'
gained enough composure to score
a run. Although they began to
stage a comeback in the seventh
inning, it was too late in the game
to do much good.
Scoring Barrage
The Wolverines concentrated all
their runs in the first game in
three innings. They scored ten
runs in the fifth, five in the sixth,
and two in the ninth.
Bases on balls .accounted for
some of the runs in both the fifth
and sixth innings. Danny Cline
and pitcher Thurston both hit
triples in the fifth inning to drive
in several of the runs. Cline con-
nected for a homer in the next
frame, while Bruce Fox made his
contribution to the upheaval with
a double in the sixth.
Ken Tippery and Tony Branoff
ended the parade of sluggers as
they hit a triple and a double re-
spectively in the last inning.
In winning their fifth consecu-
tive game, the Wolverines faced
Purdue pitchers Ronald Teunis,
Bob Khoenle, Robert White, and
Carl Emde during the first game.
The Boilermakers only needed
two pitchers in the second game
to snap Michigan's winning streak.
Joe Hawthorne held the Wolver-
ines to six hits in the seven-inning
game, but needed help from Den-
ny Blind to get the last two men
out with the tying run on base.
Purdue had its big inning in the
See THURSTON, Page 3
C
Cl
S
S
--Daily-John Hirtzel
DELEGATES TO THE BIG TEN Residence Halls conference take
time out to relax and tour the Michigan campus. Here two Ohio
State coeds, Armetta King (left) and Jacque Clatt admire the
Law Library.
Delegates D iscuss
Dorm Problems
Takes Over,
Declares He's
'Still Loyal'
Bao Dai Ousted
Earlier in Day
SAIGON, South Viet Nam (4-
Gen. Nguyen Van' Vy took over
control of South Viet Nam today
in a bloodless coup declaring him-
self still loyal to ex-Emperor Bao
Dai.
He declared the revolutionary
committee which deposed Bao Dai
Saturday illegally and its provi-.
sional government headed by
Premier Ngo Dinh Diem was also
illegal.
Van Vy repudiated Bao Dal
last night but he said he had
acted under threat of death from
the committee in the palace.
Troops in Position
Vy, who has taken over com-
mand of the army on orders of
Bao Dai, threw thousands of
troops into strategic positions
around the capital. He said he
would maintain order and the
army appeared to be behind him.
Vy declared he had drawn up
the declaration denouncing Bao
Dai at pistol point and that the
statement was not valid.
Three-Point Program
The startling turn of events
came after the revolutionary con-
gress committee."deposed" Bao
Dai as chief of state and entrust-
ed the regime to the American-
backed Diem. It had set up a.
three point program calling for:
1--Suppression of the rebellion
of the racketeer army of Binh
Xuyen.
2-Creation of a newly elected
assembly.
3-Quick riddance of the rem-
nants of French colonialism. 4
French Recognize Dai
But the French still recognized
Bao Dai, who lives on the French
Rivera, as chief of state.
The possibility of trouble here
between the Vietnamese and
French loomed when the French
erected barricades around their
Europeanized zone in Saigon to
prevent Vietnamese from eter-
ing.
500 Killed
The civil war, in which 500 sol-
diers and civilians have been
killed and 1,500 wounded, was
temporarily at a 'standstill. Binh
Xuyen, driven from all points in
Saigon except in theFrench-gar-
risoned zone, licked its wounds in
the Chinese suburb of Cho Lon,
Diem claimed, his national arm"
had won a stunning victory.
The committee from congress
then persuaded Gen. Nguyen Van
Vy in a dramatic chance encounter
at Diem's Independence Palace to
denounce the deposed chief of
state. Vy refused Bao Dai's com-
mission to take over command of
the national army.
E
r
However, the basic issue of
whether he would abide by a truce Salk accine Bat
agreement - regardless of how
much he opposes it-was settled in WASHINGTON (A}-A group of
December so far as the Eisenhower experts, ending a two-day con-
administration is concerned. At ference, last night approved the
that time Chiang's foreign min- government's withdrawal of the
ister, George Yeh, signed an agree- Cutter vaccine for study, but
ment with Dulles, as the price of urged that antipolio inoculations
a defense treaty with the United be continued with vaccine from
States that he would not attack other makers.
Red China without American The group included Dr. Jonas
agreement. E Salk
By LEW HAMBURGERe
The rest of the Big Ten descended on Ann Arbor this. weekend tob
discuss a most controversial facet of college life-dormitories.t
Delegates, adhering to the adage "all work and no play . . divided
time between intense discussions on various common problems and
relaxation in dinners and sightseeing on the campus.
Discussions on common problems in residence hall life spanned
all aspects, ranging from the orientation of individual students to
dorm life, through the problem of "esprit de corps," to the role of resi-z
dence halls in the campus community.
Delegates Air Problems
In the various group meetings, each devoted to a single subject,1
*delegates aired common problems,1
aimed at improving dormitory life
'BEERBALL': thieughout the Big Ten.x
An Illinois student summar-
ized the difficulty in handling dis-
Fgraternitycussions of common problems. The1
topics discussed are generalized1
J i'',i ri due to the ideal of solving common
problems.
"We have the same problems at'
Beer baseball is just like ordi- Illinois found here in dealing withC
nary baseball except that it's management of dorms, gripes1
played with beer. about dorm food, and arousing in-t
Ann Arbor police on patrol no- terest in participation in dorm ac-
ticed two students with beer mugs t Gvities. s
yesterday, as well as eight others Yesterday discussion g r o u p s
standing around a barrel of brew. were held in the morning and aft-
At headquarters, police and As- er lunch at the League.3
sistant to the Dean of Men John Relations between the' Universi-,
Bingley learned all about the to- ty administration and the stu- '
cal annual variation of the na- dents, how to encourage participa-j
tional pastime. tion in campus activities, and im-
It's played with five pitchers, one provements in the Big Ten Con- I
at each base containing beer and ference were discussed before the
one on the mound, also contain- group adjourned for a coffee break:
ing it. The runner can't take his at 10 a.m. and lunch at 11:30 a.m.1
next base without taking a drink. it South Quad.
The group discussions re-con-
The barrel was tagged-and is vened at 1 p.m. for consideration
I now safe in the department's safe. of similar problems. The confer-
ences weren't confined to life in
residence halls alone, but were ex-
panded to include campus, life
in general and the role of the,
dorm in it.
M ay *Delegates our Campus
Later in the afternoon, groups of
inquisitive eyes and upturned faces ,
dotted the campus as delegates
MORRISON put aside the complex problems of
bloody riots and baskets filled with improving college life to tour the.
dancing 'round the Maypole. camp us.
Two Ohio State students corn-
mented on strange two-wheeled
a various parts of the world, it has vehicles roaming the campus, and
years. added "We don't see many bikes
nist wheel, it is the day for gigan- at Ohio State. We don't have a
holiday featuring parades and air driving ban there."
1The day was climaxed by a ban-
ago, it occasioned joyous dancing quet in South Quad where Assist-
floating streamer, they would wel-i ant Director of the Michigan Me-
fiet ang streamer,. y ud morial Phoenix Project, Roger
iety and laughter. Leatherman addressed the group.
will be "Loyalty Day." Last Thurs- Atom Uses Discussed
er issued a proclamation to that ef- Mr. Leatherman spoke on peace-
ress. time implications and applications
ngress' resolution asked him to call of atomic energy. He foresaw far-
ive the day "by reaffirming their reaching effects from the applica-
t ion of atomic energy in every day
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National
Roundup
l
RIOTS, FLOWERS, PARADES, DANCING:
World-Wide Festivities Mark
By TAMMY?
This is the day that has seen b
fdowers, parades in Red Square and
It's May Day.
To people of different beliefs in
meant many things throughout the
In Moscow, hub of the Commui
tic celebrations, a sort of national
shows.
To children of a few decades
around a Maypole. Each seizing aI
come the coming of spring with ga
From now on, to Americans, it
day, President Dwight D. Eisenhowe
feet, approved Wednesday by Cong
His proclamation noted that Cd
upon the Americanpeople to obse
loyalty to our beloved country"
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON-The. State De-
partment displayed no enthusi-
asm yesterday for Prime Minister
Jawaharlal Nehru's announce-
ment that he intended to enter
into active search for solution of
the Formosa problem.
Nehru said at New Delhi he is
sending his adviser, V. K. Krishna
Menon, to the Red Chinese capi-
tal, Peiping.
The department replied with a
curt "we have no information"
when asked for comment on Neh-
ru's announcement.
WASHINGTON - President
Dwight D. Eisenhower said yes-
terday men and nations should
meet in "the Christian spirit and
reach an answer that is for the
good of all."
The Presidentspeaking extem-
poraneously at the laying of a
','nr,. nf a new AFLI.head-
...