SCRATCH PAD See Page 4 Y Latest Deadline in the State D4aiIlj I f E A s p. O FAIR AND COOLER. ~7f~T U U7K? %!~ N FAIR AND COOLER I VUJU LXV, NO- . ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 28, 1954 x C? "FIC PAV--P4-Q Q A~ £1~~WA~~ London Meeting Draws Comment Professors Express Confidence That German Solution Will Arise By RONA FRIEDMAN Confidence, that an alternative would be found in London to re- place the 'dead' European Defense Community plan, was expressed by three professors in the political science department. Nine foreign ministers met yesterday in London to discuss pos- sible alternatives for EDC which was rejected by the French na- tional Assembly on August 30. Solution Not Supernational "The solution will not be supernational like EDC," commented Prof. Daniel Wit, "but will resemble the traditional form of collective security agreement." The most probable alternative would be expanding the North Atlantic Treaty Organization making Germany a member, agreed tboth Prof. Wit and Prof. Robert Nine Power Conference commences LONDON (X - British Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden proposed last night that the Western Allies speed up their timetable to get an agreement within 50 days on free- ing and rearming West Germany. Eden made his proposal on the eve of the fateful nine-power con- ference opening here today to bring West Germany into the free world's defense setup. Dulles Wants Progress United States Secretary of State John Foster Dulles, following talks with Eden Sunday night and with French Premier Pierre Mendes- France yesterday was reported in- sisting on "substantial progress in 1954." But at the last minute, the French injected a new and disturb- ing element by spreading word they wanted a Saar settlement under Brussels Pact auspices as a con- dition for their acceptance of West German rearmament. Eden's new plan proposed post- poining the NATO Council of For- eign Ministers, set for around Oct. 15, to, give the Allies time to grant West Germany its sovereignty so it could become a partner in the Atlantic Alliance. Eden Urges Diplomatic officials said Eden Reprimand Advised by of McCarthy Senate GrouWp Controversy Tests, ROTC Loyalty Oath California Case Taken by ACLU By MICHAEL BRAUN The refusal of a freshman at the University of California to sign an ROTC loyalty oath has touched, offthe question of the oath's legality. The oath, which previously only upper class students have been asked to sign, is now required of all ROTC enrollees.. The Pledge States: The pledge, which lists 280 or- ganizations designated by the At- torney General as subversive, states in part: "I have entered under Remarks below, the name (s) of the organization(s) from the above list of which I am or have been a member, or by which I have been employed, or which I have attended or been present at, or engaged in organizational or social activities which they spon- sored . . . or with which I have been identified or associated in some other manner." The bill was passed on June 30 by the House of Representatives as a rider to the appropriation bill of the Department of Defense. The rider reads as follows, "No part of the funds appropriated herein shall be expended or the support of any student in basic courses of the senior division, Re- serve Officers Training Corps, who has not executed a cerifi- cate of loyalty in such forms as shall be prescribed by the Secre- tary of Defense." Cal Requires ROTC The University of California is a land grant college where basic ROTC is required of all full time male undergraduates. As a means of permitting students to complete the required two years of basic instruction, the university has opened certain classes for "infor- mally enrolled" students. This means that the student1 would get academic credit for the; course but would not be issued a uniform. The non-issuance of uni-; forms conforms to the part of the bill concerning "funds appropriat- ed.", There have been several stu- dents at California who have re- fused to sign the oath for various; reasons. One of these is being in-l terviewed by Ernest Besig, direc- tr of the American Civil Liber-1 ties Union of Northern California,3 who has agreed to handle all ram- ifications of the case resulting from Ralph Ornelas' refusal to1 sign the oath.E According to University ROTC officials Michigan has never had a student refuse to sign the loyalty oath, either in the basic or upper class ROTC program.4 F. Curtis. "Thus far the extension of NATO seems t obe the only positive al- ternative," Prof. Curtis added, Rapproachment between the Paris and Bonn Governments is what the success of the conference hinges on, Prof. Marbury N. Efi- menco. "London and Washington," he continued, "are just mediators." German Restrictions Temporary "However, West Germany will emerge from the conference with some agreement on rearmament," he continued, adding that "any restriction on West Germany will be temporary. For in reality Ger- many will be the third most im- portant power in Europe. The result of this will be the rise of Nationalistic forces which will push Chancellor Konrad Adenaur into making more "assertive" de- mands of the West, Prof. Efimen- Ico said. . "While Secretary of State Dulles is interested in rearming Western Germany onlypto strengthen the Western European .shield against Communism, the Germans regard independence plus strength as a means towards the goal of reuni- fication," he pointed out. "The unification of Germany the one neglected aspect at the conference ,involves Moscow. Thus the London conference can only go part way as long as Moscow is on the sidelines." Two possible Moscow reactions towards German unification were suggested by Prof. Efimenco. The most realistic, he felt, is that Mos- cow will retain its present position in East Germany. The other, he continued, is that Moscow will be willing to bargain with an independent Germany for some kind of rapproachment, also banking on the growth of the Com- munist Party in East Germany. Ramifications of Rejections "The major significance of the rejection was that the mass level of public opinion in Western Eu- rope still did not support EDC and that the French National Assembly was just mirroring this lack of support," Commented Prof. Wit. A positive result of the rejection, speculated Prof. Curtis, may be a! more realistic policy outlook by the United States in the future, and not 'putting all our eggs in one basket." All existing plans and alterna- tives for EDC turn on two existing agreements. The Brussels Pact which was signed in 1948 is a treaty that links Britain, France, Belgium, The Netherlands and Luxembourg economically, culturally and mili- tarily. Under the military aspect an armed attack on any one of the parties would bring the automatic assistence of the others. The mii-: tary phase, however, has been dor- mant since NATO was signed in 1949. The North Atlantic Treaty links the Brussel signers with the Unit- ed States, Canada, Norway, Den- mark, Iceland, Italy and Portugal, (Turkey and Greece were added later) in the common defense of Europe and North America against armed attack. 1. That the conference opening ||' today conduct parallel talks. For- - eign ministers of the United States, Britain. France and West Germany COMMITTEES HELPED MAKE '54 OPERA ONE OF MOST should arrange for the restoration SUCCESSFUL EVER of German sovereignty. The fullj nine-power conference would con- '55 Opera Seeks Talent centrate on German rearmament. 2. Experts would betinstructed agreements reached for the con- For Committee Tryouts t sideration of a second nine-power conference to be held within one; month, presumably in London. The 1955 Union Opera is looking for men and women. 3. If the ministers agree on the Committee tryouts for the annual musical comedy, using an all- details at their second meeting, male cast supported by male-and-female committees, will be held to- they would jointly report at a spe- morrow and Thursday at 4 p.m. in Rm. 3-G of the Union, according cial meeting of the NATO Council to Guy Moulthrop, '56E, promotions chairman. to be held not later than mid-No- Talent of all types is needed for these behind-the-scenes roles, ac- vember. -_- --