PAGE FOUL THE MICHIGAN DAILY IMI lrlmAV7 OANM - PGFURTEMCfavc IIasTTV au FRKIDAY, OCTOB~ER 15, 1954 -Pei'ted Peh MUSIC By PAT ROELOFS Associate City Editor As MEMBERS of the faculty Senate make plans for another special meeting, no doubt set to discuss the dismissals and faculty investigating pro- cedure of three men who refused to divulge poli- tical beliefs before a Congressional committee, four important principles that seem to be the heart of the overall picture in the cases should be analyzed, lest trivialities take precedence. Most important concept in the cases of the three men, is of course that of academic free- dom. Academic freedom has been defined by some as "freedom to teach and carry on research as long as one is competent, and freedom to believe politically, religiously, and economically what one chooses so long as he does not attempt to in- fluence others in these matters while in the classroom." The first part of this concept of academic free- dom, involving competence, was violated in the cases of all three men, for their competence play- ed no part in the final action to dismiss two of them and reinstate one. We have evidence that all of them were competent both in the classroom and as researchers. The second part of the concept was also clearly violated. The men were allowed to believe as they chose, upon intellectual examination of certain economic and political principles, unless they be- lieved in Communist principles. Not only could they not avow Communist doctrine, but they had to denounce Communist doctrine to prove their loy- alty to the University, according to the statements made by the President and some investigating com- mittees. Academic freedom seems to mean to many in- fluential people that one may teach if he is com- petent, but only then if he does disavow any connection with the Communist party, present or past. He must furthermore, denounce Commun- ist doctrine, even though the only knowledge he may have of the Communist doctrine is from newspaper reports. It should be noted, first, that one could denounce the policies and principles of Communism just to save one's skin, and not be sincere in so doing. This would have worked in the case of Prof. Nick- erson no doubt. More important, however, is the basic assump- tion one is making when saying a man is not fit to teach if he believes in certain economic and po- litical principles. And that assumption is of the infallibility of our own system of a capitalistic democracy. But people would not believe in other systems if our own offered to all what we believe are essentials In a system of economics and gov- ernment. In assuming the infallibility of our own system by preventing people from believing in oth- er system we clearly violate freedom, academic and otherwise. A second important principle that must be con- sidered carefully in connection with the dismis- sals, is that of authority to handle cases involving faculty members and their relation to Congres- sional committees. Because faculty members are Involved, should not faculty members handle pro- cedure of their colleagues? In a University of this size should only the administration, or only one department decide matters of a University- wide nature? It should be quite evident that a group of people in the medical profession, who are usually tied up in only professional matters, are not qualified to judge on matters relating to political beliefs and academic freedom. Further- more, in the instance of the three University faculty men, two faculty groups were set up for the specific purpose of hearing the cases and recommending procedure. The decisions of these groups were not regarded, but were reversed by the administration and the Regents. It is hoped by this writer that the procedure fol- lowed in the Nickerson case will not set a prece- dent, and that members of the faculty Senate wil draw up a resolution stating that matters of aca- demic freedom ipvolving faculty members should be handled by people on the same level, and not by any narrowly bound group in one profession, one department, or one school, or by the administratim alone. Furthermore, the decisions of these faculty- chosen, administration-approved groups should be followed, and not be reversed by a faction with narrowed interests and public relations alone in mind. PERHAPS THE most disquieting subordinate point in the cases of the three men was that of broken confidences and bad faith, which should not be overlooked by the faculty Senate. Back- ground information on his political activities was given by Prof. Nickerson to members of the ad- ministration and a department chairman. The Clardy Committee revealed it had this information in its hands, although it was given to the Univer- sity people in strictest confidence. To add to mis- trust that arose in that instance, the University official announcement of the dismissals was given to the press and radio before the men involved were notified. In addition, information on the political backgrounds of the three men that had been given to University investigating committees in confi- dence, was revealed in some detail in a press release. Until that time, the past Communist affiliations of none of the men had been made public. And yet the University assured the three men that it would not reveal any of this information to the public. Members of the faculty cannot -help but mis- trust procedures in cases of this kind when such is the precedent. Faculty members will be hesi- tant to disclose political affiliations to the ad- ministration or department members unless clearly defined policy stating that confidences will be kept are drawn up. More broadly, fear and mis- trust will rule the atmosphere unless personal beliefs can be respected and kept confidential by University officials. This is the great harm of in- vestigating committees-causing fear and mis- trust and broken confidence- and we should not allow Universities to become infested with this same fear-producing policy. * * * * OF LATE, a fourth principle related to the three cases has come up. This is the question of who should take action on the cases which have al- ready been handled by the administration, faculty and Regents? There is a large number of people who feel student groups have no business discussing or passing resolutions in any way pertaining to the final outcome of the cases, or certain proce- dures followed. The Young Democrats censured the firing of Nickerson and Davis. The Student Legislature cen- sured the ousting of Nickerson. The Student Legis- lature attempted to have some detailed explana- tion of the severance pay issue in the Davis case. The Labor Youth League censured the dismissals of Nickerson and Davis. Should these student groups have any opinion at all on these cases, and if they should, should. they express them publicly, take votes on resolutions on them? My answer would be yes. The questions of dis- missals for refusing to divulge publicly one's po- litical associations and beliefs, past or present, is one that strikes an entire University commun- ity. It involved students, but no action was taken against them. It involved teachers of the stu- dents, against whom action was taken. Because students are as much a part of the academic community, and because academic freedom is their problem too, they should not be isolated from the problem. Because they are conceivably the future citizens of the world, including the academic world, stu- dents should not lack interest and refuse to discuss problems that will someday be theirs. If they are to show they are responsible citizens, they should show they have opinions on issues that require mature judgment. The charge that student groups are "meddling in affairs in which they have no business" when they request discussion on the is- sues involved in the dismissals, is to deny that stu- dents have mature judgment and a right to dicuss problems that affect the whole University. *.* * * THE FOUR POINTS to be emphasized then, seem to be academic freedom, the authority to han- dle cases of this nature, confidence and good faith, and discussion by student groups of University problems. These issues have in some circles been belittled, and the questions of what positions the men held when in the Communist Party, research grants being denied the University because of their presence, personal jealousy, and personality have taken the limelight. This results in avoidance of proper discussion of the real issues. It is hoped that the Faculty Senate will discuss thoroughly these issues at the next meeting. The tragedy of dismissals cannot be remedied now. But similar incidents can be avoided if policies are de- fined more clearly, if the faculty members know what, their own power is and should be in these issues, if their own freedoms are made clear. JAZZ AT THE PHILHARMONIC THE FORMAT of this presenta tion appeared to be conven iently divided into two recognize areas of contemporary jazz: fou numbers by an aggregation fea turing such giants in the field o "hot" jazz as Dizzy Gillespie, Bil Harris, Flip Phillips, Roy Eldridge and Louie Bellson; and, followin intermission, a program to con sist of the Oscar Peterson Tri Buddy De Franco, Buddy Rich and Ella Fitzgerald, which righ lead us to believe that from thi section, with the possible excep tion of Rich, we could expect th sort of music that is affectionatel termed "cool" by members of th jazz cult. Unfortunately, such wa not the case and the overall re sult was not only one of the mos ineffectual jazz concerts to b heard in these parts recently, bu also a shameful waste of talent. The pre-intermission session ran through four selections in rapid succession with pauses be tween each to let the audience know just where they were. Gil- lespie appeared playing a unique trumpet, the bell of which wa sharply angled upward, ostensibly to permit the performer to hear himself better. He was joined by Eldridge in a brilliant trumpe duet (a musical form indigenous to jazz). Phillips ably demonstrat- ed the degree to which he has mastered the art of playing a tenor sax with body movements That this entire first half of the program was played without any appreciable change in tempo was to be expected, but this, in addi- tion to a lack of any real variety in dynamics created the effect of tediousness. After intermission the situa- tion seemed to get alternately better and worse. Peterson, hav- ing played the first half with- out taking one "break," start- ed things in motion with his trio, and just as the evening was becoming thoroughly enjoyable, he was joined by De Franco and Rich. De Franco was unbeliev- ably disappointing; it seemed as though any artistry he may have shown in his recordings had been completely sacrificed to an ex- hibition of technique reminis- cent of the first half of the show. Of course, there could be many valid explanations of this gen- eral tendency to disregard musical values. Spontaniety, a prime req- uisite of good jazz is rather stifled in a concert hall atmosphere; but, to anyone who might have heard both the early and late shows, it became obvious that very few per- formers were making any attempt at spontaneous invention. Also those who have followed the pub- licity of JATP over the past few years will recall the serious split between Norman Granz and some of his performing stars who left the troupe because they felt he was exerting undue pressure in directing their artistic aims. This concert would seem to lend plaus- ibility to their claims. --Alan Sorscher d r f II 0 t e ' x t e t e e s t s t5 "Care To Step In Here To Study The Problem?" CONGRESSIONAL SUSCOMMet E HEARINCS o U.S. SCHOOL CONSTRUCF'IO Ne" , tettePd TO THE EDITOR The Daily welcomes communications from its readers on matters of general interest, and will publish all letters which are signed by the writer and in good taste. Letters exceeding 300 words in length, defamatory or libelous letters, and letters which for any reason are not in good taste will be condensed, edited or withheld from publication at the discretion of the editors. TODAY and TOMORROW By WALTER LIPPMANN LONDON AND MR. MOLOTOV ROME R. MOLOTOV seems to have been as much surprised as were the the rest of us by the success and by the speed of the London conference. He had supposed, it would seem, that the rejection of E.D.C. would mean months of confusion in Germany and in the allied capitals. During that time. no difficult decisions would have to be made in Moscow. The London conference presented him with some- thing very nearly like an accomplished fact long before he had time to decide what to do about it. He came hurriedly to East Germany. But having come, he had nothing to propose which could cause either the Germans or the French to pause before ratifying the London agreements. There were strong elements in both parliaments which would have been glad to insist on a pause if only they had had some kind of concrete encouragement from Mr. Molotov. He gave them * none. He did, to be sure, ask for another four power conference. But he did not sound as if he expected to have one. Had he really expected another conference, had he really meant to have one, he would have made a new offer of some kind. Conceivably he may come to that: But what he has done so far suggests that he does not expect to top the London agreements, and that he is settling down for a spell of co-existence with the two Germanies. That would explain the fact that he has done nothing to tempt the West and so much to woo the East Germans. In Eastern Germany he has acted as if he were run- ning for office. * * * - THERE IS GOOD reason to suppose that Mr. Molotov has not made an offer that would bring about a conference because he has con- cluded that no German settlement worked out in a conference can be anything but a defeat for the Soviet Union. The Western allies and Dr. Adenauer will not agree to unite Germany under one government unless it is freely elected in all parts of Germany. Such an elected government would be strongly anti-Soviet. It would, moreover, open up wide and subversive contact with the Poles and the Czechoslovaks. For this compelling reason Mr. Molotov must be counted upon to avoid a German settlement by four power agreement. As long, there- fore, as he does not have to agree to a settlement, he has much to gain by attending conferences and talking about the settlement that is never to come. IF THIS IS correct, the immediate purpose of Soviet diplomacy is to maintain the two Germanies, to keep Eastern Germany as quiet as possible, and to denounce but to accept the rearmament of West- ern Germany. What then? Mr. Molotov must have some other hopes and intentions beyond the reservation of things as they are. Moreover he must know as well as we do that the partition of Germany cannot last for many more years. Most probably, it seems to me, the Soviet view is something like this. Having concluded that there is no chance of a four power settlement, which is satisfactory to them, they are looking forward in the future to a direct settlement with a rearmed and sovereign Germany. By offering nothing substantial now to pro- mote a four power agreement, they are keeping all their cards in their hands for the day when they can play for an ultimate settlement. That day is not near at hand. Certainly it will not come while Mr. Adenauer is in power or before the new German forces are in being. If anyone is looking for something to worry about, a direct Ger- man-Soviet settlement will serve as a good substitute worry for all the talk about the hydrogen bomb. A deal of that kind, so compatible with the interests and the history of the two countries, would be cheaper, would be easier to carry out and more profitable in its re- Aults than taking the incalculable risks of a war which no one could know how to finish. (Copyright 1954, New York Herald Tribune, Inc.) I 11 Lawyer's Dole . . To the Editor: [T HAS come to my attention that a portion of my letter tc the University Senate Committee on Academic Freedom and Integ- rity which was published in The Michigan Daily has led to a mis- interpretation of the role of my attorney Mr. John S. Dobson in my hearing before the Clardy Committee on May 10th. The de- cision not toacooperate with this committee was entirely my own Indeed, Mr. Dobson advised. me that my own best interests might be better served by answering the committee's questions. However, I did not feel that I could follow this advice for moral and ethical reasons which I have stated in full elsewhere. He then advised me that if I were not going to answer questions relating to my personal political beliefs and associations, I could properly refuse on the grounds of the Fifth Amendment. This was legal advice only and should not be construed as in any way indicating that he advised or approved of my failure to cooper- ate with the committee. My purpose in stating that I . invoked the Fifth Amend- ment on the advice of my counsel . " was to indicate that this ac- tion was taken on the basis of a legal opinion that the amendment could be properly invoked under the prevailing circumstances. The fact that I was not cited for con- tempt of Congress indicates that this advice was sound. Mr. Dobson acted as my attor- ney on the basis that any Ameri- can is entitled to legal counsel in court or before investigating com- mittees. This is essential for the effective functioning of our demo- cratic system and I am most ap- preciative of the service he ren- dered. However, his association with my case should not be con- strued as representing other than a formal attorney-client relation- ship. -Prof. Mark Nickerson University of Manitoba * * * Davis Dismissal.. . To the Editors THE'AILY is to be commended for bringing to the foreground the Davis dismissal case. For too long a time this case has been relegated to a tail end position to the Nickerson dismissal, at best, and at worst, as a "closed" issue. To my thinking this approach is' precisely in line with the Adminis- tration's attempt to drive a wedge between the two dismissals, and confuse students and faculty as to the real issues involved in dis- missals based on the holding of political beliefs. The Davis case is a very live issue, and is as integral a part of the struggle to keep aca- Oemic freedom alive as is the Nick- erson case! What is so distinctive in the Davis case that the Administra- tion tries to tab it as a dead issue? Was Davis dismissed because he is incompetent as a teacher? No. This charge was never brought up; in fact, the Literary College Exe- cutive Committee and the Mathe- matics Department voted for Dav- is' reinstatement (two groups which President Hatcher finds it expedient not to consider "respon- sible"). Davis was dismissed for allegedly holding certain political "nlfn 4nli n ,l, , t,, m s l sional Investigating Committees violating constitutional guaran- tees. Moreover, Davis committed the "crime" of maintaining a con- sistent approach to all inquisitors, both the government, and Univer- sity Administration variety. Davis was willing to answer questions of integrity; but questions of prin- ciple-the right to maintain per- sonal beliefs, to arrive at conclu- sions in a free and open manner, these'Davis admirably and consis- tently refused to violate. For this he was dismissed. We have been fooled into for- getting that not only are Davis, and Nickerson, and perhaps even- tually Markert when his contract expires, the victims of attempts to stifle academic freedom and in- stitute political conformity, but we too are losers. A precedent for dismissing faculty people has= been set up, denying these people the right to personal beliefs, to a live- lihood, and denying students the benefit of competent teachers. Hysterical times set dangerous precedents and eventually we all become victims! -Diana Styler I f: A [ DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN e >" A, (Continued from Page 2) 5* CUiRENIT MOIES J' At the Michigan . e REAR WINDOW DIRECTOR Alfred -itchcock's Rear Window is a film in the sophisticated mystery-comedy tra- dition, designed to make its audience laugh one moment and scream the next. It ranks with its director's finest efforts and is, in general, the type of film that keeps the box office humming and film goers happy. As is usual with most Hitchcock films, Rear Window has a preposterous plot. James Stewart is a photographer sitting out a six-week stint with a broken leg in a Greenwich Village tenament house. He whiles away the hours by playing peep- ing-tom with the neighbors who live in open-win- dowed apartments across the courtyard. It isn't long before Stewart decides one neighbor (Ray- mond Burr) has murdered his invalid wife, cut her up into assorted tidbits, and scattered her across town. Of course, detective-friend Wendell Corey thinks Stewart is imagining things; and nurse r. ,- . . - -- i_. . I _. _ . . _ shots of the neighbors to cut up long stretches of chatter. These neighbors are, incidentally, special Hitch- cock types and each one has a special purpose designated by the master: the honeymooners to provide humor, Miss Lonelyhearts to get the police in time, Miss Torso for sex, the strangers for sus- pense. Behind all of them is Hitchcock, making each move just at the right moment, much in the manner of a puppet master and his puppets. With only a single set, camera motion is vital if any suspense is to be created and boredom avoided. Here Director Hitchcock, always the master of the prying camera, has a field day with dozens of photographic gimmicks. And with his knowing hand they come off, rather well. Most of the performers deliver what is expected of them. Stewart is the plodding hero whose brain comes to life in time to meet danger. Miss Ritter rolls wise-cracks off her tongue at a rapid-fire pace; and Corey tries hard with a rather tasteless role. _- -- _ _ . . L _ _ d ._ .. . . . . . .... Sixty-Fifth Year Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. Editorial Staff Eugene Hartwig.......Managing Editor Dorothy Myers ..... .. . City Editor Jon Sobelof. .... . Editorial Director Pat Roelofs........Associate City Editor Becky Conrad........Associate Editor Nan Swinehart........Associate Editor Dave Livingston,..... ... ..Sports Editor Hanley Gurwin. Assoc. Sports Editor Warren Wertheimer .Associate Sports Editor Roz Shlimnovitz ....... omen's Editor Joy Squires.... Associate Women's Editor Janet Smith..Associate Women's Editor Dean Morton......Chief Photographer Business Staff Lois Pollak...........Business Manager Phil Brunskill, Assoc. Business Manager Bill Wise ......... Advertising Manager Mary Jean Monkoski. .Finance Manager Telephone NO 23-24-1 Northrop Aircraft, Inc., Hawthorne, Calif.-Al degree levels of Engr., Math., and Physics for Research and Design. American Telephone & Telegraph Co., represented by Mich. Bell Telephone, Bell Telephone Labs., Western Electric Co., & Sandia Corp-All degree levels of Engr., Chem., Math., and Physics for Engr., Research and Development. Mailinckrodt Chemical Works, St. Louis, Missouri-B.S., M.S. & Ph.D. in Chem. E. for General Chem. Engrg., Process Design, Development (Pilot Plant), & Production. Standard Oil Co., Creole Petroleum Co., New York & Venezuela, S.A.-B.S. & M.S. in Mech., Chem., and Elect. E. and Physics for Oil Production and Refining. Tues., Oct. 19 Maliinckrodt Chemical Works, St. Louis, Mo.-See above-a.m. only on Oct. 19. American Telephone & Telegraph Co. -See above. Boeing Airplaue Co., Seattle, Wash.- All degree levels in Aero., Civil, Mech., and E. Engr., and Engr. Mechanics. M.S. & Ph.D. in Engr. Math and Phys- ics for Research, Design and Production. Diebold, Inc., Canton, Ohio-B.S. in Mech. & E.E. for Research, Sales Engr., Production Engr., and Methods Engr. Sohio, The Standard Oil Co., Manu- facturing Dept., Cleveland, Ohio-B.S. & M.S. in Chem., Mech., Ind., Civil, and E.E., and Chemistry for Formal Train- ing Course For Technical Graduates. Bendix Aviation Corp., Bendix Radio Div., Baltimore, Md.-Ali degree levels in Mech., & E.E., and Engr. Physics for Research, Design and Development in all phases of electronic equipment. Wed., Oct. 20 Boeing Airplane Co., Seattle, Wash. --See above. daII Sohio, The Standard Oil Co., Man- facturing Dept., Cleveland, Ohio-See above. Bendix Aviation Corp., MishawakaI Div., Products Div., Research Labs., and Radio Div.-which will also be here on Oct. 19, see Radio Div. above. B.S.& M.S. in Aero., Mech., Metal., & Elect. E. for Product Design, Development and Research. Babcock & Wilcox Co., New York, N.Y.-B.S. in Chem., Ind., Mech., & Metal. E., and Bus. Ad, graduates for Company-Wide Training Program. Electro Metallurgical Co., Union Car- bide and Carbon Corp., Niagara Falls, N.Y.-B.S. & M.S. in Chem., Civil, Elect., Ind., Mech., & Metal. E., & Engr. Me- chanics for Production, Works Engrg., Power, General Engrg., Purchasing, Manufacturing Office. Research & De- Don Seltz, John Bradfield H. Fradrick Bjork, Leonard Scott Bill Horner, Christopher Parker Gordon Epding, Bob Ely Alan R. Killeen, Dick Booth Dave Cobb, Raymond Bahor Eugene Moore, Curtis Stanley Robert Cotton, Tom Gilmore- Ronald Poland, George Finkel Claude Coates, Otha Stubblefield Dolf Bass, Wayne Cooke Dan Weinberger, Geoffery Dooley Bob Sedeistrom, Bob Creal Bill Stansell, Bill Miller Joe E. Brown, Gordon Mars Jack Ritter, Michael Flynn Roberts Well, Tom Chamberlain Ralph Glowacki, Marshall Rosenberg Larry Rosen, Herb Karzen Leon Redler, John Christausur Leonard Velick, Stewart Gordon Irv Toboeman, Don Cohodes Ed Berrera, Myron Leban Fred Schaen, Robert Schulz Christopher Pyrros, Jim Braden Michael May, Dexter Bartlett Marc Goldberg, Mike Lutsch Peter Kussorets, Jay Newberry Glen Thomnet, Mel Warren Burton Schwartzenberg Lectures Lecture by Dr. Roger W. Jeanloz, in- ternationally known biochemist, of the Harvard Medical School. Sat., Oct. 16, at 11:00 a.m. in Room 1300 Chemistry. The topic is, "Amino Sugars." Academic notices Logic Seminar - Fri., Oct. 15, 4:00 p.m. in 443 Mason Hall. J. O. Brooks and W. B. Woolfe will speak on "Trans- finite Recursion." M.A. Language Examination in Ills- tory Fri., Oct. 22, 4:15-5:15 p.m., 429 Mason Hall. Sign list in History Office. Can bring a dictionary, LS&A Students: Any student with the grade of "I," "X," or "nio report" on his record for a course taken the last) period he was in residence, must have the course completed by Fri., Oct. 15th, or the grade will lapse to an "E." Ex- tension of time beyond this date to make up the incompletes will be forI extraordinary cases only. Such exten- sions of time may be discussed with the Chairman of the Academic Coun- selors for Freshmen and Sophomores, or with the Chairman of the Counsel- ors for Juniors and Seniors. Hillel: Fri., 7:00 p.m. Israeli Dancing and singing. 8:00-Friday evening serv- ices followed by a talk on the subject:, "The 300th Anniversary of the Jews coming to America." The Unitarian Student Group will sponsor a square and social dance on Fri., Oct. 15, 8:00 p.m., at 2761 S. State. I The dance is informal (blue jeans, etc.), Stag or drag. Students needing trans- portation should meet at Lane Hall or Alice Lloyd Hall at 7:45 p.m. If there is any difficulty in getting transporta- tion, call Carl Malley, NO 3-2192. Wesleyan Guild Party (Fri.) at 8:00 p.m. Come dressed in old clothes and bring a flashlight for a hobo party. Episcopal Student Foundation. Can- terbury Club at 7:30 p.m. on Fri., Oct. 15, at Canterbury House. The Reverend Eusebius A. Stephanou, Pastor, St. Nicholas Church, will discuss "The Or- thodox Church-An Interpretation for" Episcopalians." First Baptist Church, 502 E. Huron. Fri., Oct. 15, 8:00 p.m. The Roger Wil-' liams Guild will join with Mich. Bap- tist Convention in hearing Mrs. Anna C. Swain, former President of American Bap. Con. S.R.A. Coffee Hour, Fri, 4:15 to 5:30 p.m. World University Service will have a display and the Thailand Association will be guest. Gamma Delta will be the 'Guild-host. Events Today Design Committee of the Block "M" Section of the Wolverine Club will hold its weekly meeting today in room 3-B of the Michigan Union, between 3:00 and 5:00. All those who have signed up for the committee arehrequired to be there. Anyone else who is inter- ested in this type of work is invited to attend. The Congregational-Disciples Guild: 7:15 p.m.-Meet at Guild House to go to the Intra-Mural Building for sports night, returning later for refreshments. Westminster Student Fellowship will meet at 8:00 p.m. for fellowship and discussion of various church beliefs and practices. Refreshments will be served. Comig Events Concerts I S.R.A. Saturday Lunch Discussion, Stanley Quartet will continue its { Lane Hall, 12:00 p.m. Dr. Francis S. .i