MME" JUSTLOOKING: See Page 4 r 'p Latest Deadline in the State 4hr a t t a #4*. PARTLY CLOUDY, SHOWERS VOL. LXV, No. 15 Hatcher Reports On Dismissals Entire Data on Nickerson,Markert, Davis Cases Given to 'U' Senate PRESIDENT'S REPORT TO THE UNIVERSITY SENATE I have called this special meeting of the Senate primarily in order that I might report to you on the proceedings and their conclusion involving three members of the University staff who refused to answer under oath questions about their relationship to the Communist Party before a Congressional Committee. Because of the Senate's concern and responsibility in such mat- ters, I would wish in any event to make this report as a part of normal procedure. Since the cases were resolved in August while most of you were away, I desired to take the earliest opportunity to make this official statement to you. Following this report the meeting will be open with full opportunity for discussion. The timing, like the origin of the cases themselves, was a mat- ter quite beyond our control. We have pursued the cases diligently, and they have moved as fast as they could consistent with fair procedure and judicial study by the various bodies concerned with them. Had the cases come before us last December or January, as originally indicated, they would have been resolved in the spring Instead, they were placed before us on May 11, and they were ended in August. S * * * . Free Men Assume Grave Responsibility I observe once more that nothing more difficult or distressing can come before a university than conduct of this kind, and that free men, representing a university, having the protection of the institution when their cause is honorable, assume a grave respon- sibility when they throw upon their colleagues and upon the uni-. versity the burdens inherent in a refusal to answer questions per- taining to the safety and welfare of this nation on the grounds that a frank answer might incriminate them. There must be good and convincing reasons to justify such a stand. We must keep in mind the context of these inquiries and their relationship to the grave crises which we have faced and which still menacingly confront us. We have been through a devastating war; we have strained our economy and expended some $87 billion in a global struggle for survival against a ruthless communist attack and imperialistic expansion; our young men have been conscripted in time of technical peace; they have been removed from college classrooms to fight aggressive communism; they have been slain on the world's battlefields. Crimes have been committed against our national security which have been linked to the communist con- spiracy. We are not, therefore, dealing with a political party in our traditional and accepted sense of American freedom, but with a skilled and crafty and relentless intrigue which, if successful, would deliver us into the hands of those who would destroy our freedoms as they have destroyed them wherever they have been victorious. We wish to brighten the lamps of freedom, not to permit the exten- sion of darkness upon the face of the earth. It was not any surprise that in these dangerous days the Uni- versity of Michigan, as a major institution closely linked to the national defense, with millions of dollars of research work going on in advanced and sensitive fields, and with some seven thousand men and women on its various staffs, would naturally be subjected to careful scruitiny by authorized agencies. * * * 5 Telegram Sent To Velde The University has its own independent concern for such matters. It would not knowingly employ communists on its staff; neither would it retain them if it had knowledge of such affiliation. When the first announcement was made in the press that the University of Michigan was to be investigated, I sent a telegram to Congressman Velde briefly stating our position. It read: "We read in the* papers that the University of Michigan is named as one of the schools on your list for investigation. Al- though we have not received notice of your plans we wish to assure you of our willingness to cooperate with you to the fullest extent. We fully share the interests of our citizens in guarding, preserving, and enhancing our American heritage. The University is dedicated to sound education and to the safety and progress of the nation. It has long been among the leading institutions in its cooperation with the Armed Forces in the field of research and other services considered vital to our national strength. It is maintained by the State in the public interest. These considera- tions have led us to exercise all viligance consistent with Ameri- can practice against the possibility of subversive activities, while preserving the traditional freedom of scholarly investigation upon which our national progress is based. It is our belief that the University is successfully fulfilling its mission and discharging its great obligation to our country." This was not to invite further investigation, but neither was it to oppose it. It was a policy statement, protective in intent and, I believe, in result. Mr. Velde's reply stated that the University was not to be investigated, but that a few individuals whose activities had been brought to the Congressional Committee's attention would be questioned. Concern Expressed on Hearings The prospect of such an inquiry led us all to be concerned with the procedures to be followed by the University if and when it should be confronted by the problems inherent in such hearings on the part of members of its staff. We were, and are, aware that. a major objective of communism is to divide free men and, if possible, plunge them into strife among themselves. The Association of American Universities had already come to grips with the question and issued a policy statement subscribed to by all the member institutions-- i.e., the 39 leading American and two Canadian Universities. This statement, entitled "The Rights and Responsibilities of Universities and Their Faculties," was distributed to the Senate and was the sub- ject of considerable discussion. Out of these discussions grew the appointment of a special committee in May, 1953, to study the issues raised by the Association of American Universities report and to ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1954 SIX PAGES - -P (~~ s - - --- - - - - - - - _ _ _ a Molotov Tries To Halt Entry of W. Germany Into European Dense Nickerson Case Not Closed Say Professors Russia Asks For New Big Four Meeting ANTI-INTEGRATION PARADE IN BALTIMORE-A chanting throng of students staged an anti- integration demonstration through Baltimore. Although there were demonstrations at at least eight public schools, there were no reports of violence like those of the week before. (AP Wirephoto) Striking Pupils May Lose Privileges Many U' S enate Mendes-France Asks Future Expression of Dissatisf action Assembly Approval By JIM DYGERT A large portion of the University faculty is convinced that the case of Prof. Mark Nickerson is not closed. Indications from some of the faculty members who drew up the resolution, passed by a 314 to 274 majority regretting the dismissal of Prof. Nickerson, are that many are planning on further expression of dissatisfaction on the University's handling of the Nickerson case. Those among the professors whoa BERLIN A')J - Soviet Foreign Minister V. M. Molotov struck back last night at new Allied plans for getting West Germany to join in European defense and called for a Big Four meeting on German reunification and an immediate end to German occupation. Molotov, who made a surprise WASHINGTON (N) -- Pupils who stay out of Washington schools in protest against mixing whites and Negroes will be barred from hold- ing school office or taking part in athletics if they don't return by to- morrow morning. Dr. Hobart M. Corning, superin- tendent of schools, laid down the ruling last night. He also asked adults, especially parents, to "use their mature leadership in ending a situation which has now become disgraceful and dangerous." Brief Demonstration Some 50 white boys and girls pro- testing school integration staged a brief demonstration at the Supreme Court building yesterday. Police moved them away after one youth wrote "we want our rights" letters on the white marble The protest, latest in an ently waning series of strik other manifestations in W ton, was aimed at the cou: cision last May that segr of white and Negro pupils lie schools is unconstitution Dr. Corning said his ruling mean students absent after would disqualify themselve holding commissions or w in the Cadet Corps, from senting the schools on teams, in rifle matches or sic and dramatic perform from holding positions on p tions, and from holding offic in red ganizations or clubs that come un- steps. der direction of the school. appar- 750 Absent ies and ashing- At Anacostia High School one of' rt's de- three high schools involved in three- regation day disturbances, a back-to-classes in pub- rally arranged by school authori- mal - ties broke up in confusion, and some 750 pupils remained away g would from school. today Another rally at McKinley High s from School ended with practically all arrants of some 150 strikers going back repre- to classes following appointment of athletic a white-Negro student committee to in mu- meet each morning and thresh out nances, any conflicts that arise. )ublica- A walkout apparently was about e in or- over at Eastern High School, too. IDeadiinp 1 drew up the resolution contacted by The Daily requested that their names not be mentioned because they felt they should not speak for the faculty as a whole. Faculty Opinion Ignored Their case, as they pointed out, is one, not only of disagreement with the decision to dismiss Prof. Nickerson, but more so of taking issue with an ignoring of faculty opinion on the case. In particular, the reference is to the unanimous decision of the Senate Advisory Subcommittee on Intellectual Freedom and Integri- ty to recommend reinstatement. They point, too, to the split deci- sion for retinstatement by the Special Advisory Committee to University President Harlan H. Hatcher. President Hatcher, they say, weighed more heavily the recom- mendations of the M e d i c a l School's executive committee, dis- regarding the faculty's recom- nendations. Resolution Strong{ mittee, or a petition signed by at flight to East Berlin Tuesday night, least 25 members of the Senate. made his major policy speech at a Prof. Hawley Comments meeting of ranking East German Prof. Amos H. Hawley, chair- officials and representatives of a .an AfmtheosiH.oHydeyartentdozen Communist countries includ- man of the sociology department, ing Red China. The speech came on who emphasized he was not part the eve of the fifth anniversary of of the group who drew up the res- the founding of the Soviet-dominat- lution, said, "The ma issue is ed East German government. one of clarifying policy, not just Condemned Conference on people who have refused to CnendCneec testify before congressional inves- He condemned the recent nine- tigating committees, but on total power Western Allied conferene questions of academic freedom as in London as making German uni- involved in the present period of fication impossible and greatly' in- Communist threat. creasing the danger of European I clarifyingwar. His proposals were seen as "Itisin" reference to athe first big guns in a Soviet cam- this policy that we hope discus- paign to wreck the decisions of the sion will be kept open. London conference. Asked if he thought the pas- "The Soviet government declares sage of the resolution was a vote today," he said, "that it proposes of "no confidence" in the presi- anew to the governments of the dent, Prof. Hawley said, "No." United States, Britain, and France However, at least four professors to conclude an agreement on the strongly felt that it was, in fact, withdrawal of occupation troops a vote of "no confidence." from the territory of East and West "Unequivocal Contravention" Germany and to solve this ques- One faculty member felt that tion immediately." the President's recommendation "The acceptance of this propo- __ L 1 _a~__ .e g l un ld aa a hise iai" o -' PASSED BY 314 TO 274: Resolution of Universit S nt rsetdi u Seae Prsne in Fu '1 Tomorrow is the deadline for seniors to sign up for their 'Ensian pictures. Seniors may sign up on the Diagonal between 9 a.m. and 3 p.m. and at the Student Pub- lications Building between 1 p.m. and 5 p.m. Proofs should be returned to fha i~n ~ ~~ntncRi "'. Following is the Resolution passed by a 314 to 274 vote at Tues- days' meeting of the University Senate. RESOLUTION . (b) "Dismissal from the Uni- Whereas, this University Sen- versity faculty, particularly in the ate recognizes both the legal re- case of a faculty member with sponsibility and the moral obliga- tenure, is consistent with the ideas, tion of the President and the Re- of intellectual freedom only when gents of the University of Michi- gan to make final decisions in matters of faculty tenure, the Sen- ate believes that the long term in- terests of both the University and its supporting society are best served when such decisions reflectI there is substantial evidence of grave misconduct on the part of the individual concerned." Matters of University Policy I (c) "This case involves matters, of University-wide policy with ref- erence to a subject which tran-r the considered opinion of the Uni- scends departmental and college versity Senate. lines. It involves questions of the tbelievesfreedom to hold unpopular ideas. th theresi te Senae getsaseIt involves questions concerning etatdn the PresidentandReentn ae the relations between the faculty nentitled to know the opinion ofI the Senate on the broad issues in-I volved in faculty tenure, therefore Be it resolved: Committee Report Approved (1) that this Senate express its full approval of the general prin- ciples of intellectual freedom de- lineated in the report of the Sen- ate Committee on Intellectual Freedom and Integrity in the case of Dr. Nickerson, especially (a) "We believe that we speak for faculty and administration' alike when we assert that so long as ideas do not extend beyond thet pale of legality, or accepted con- cepts of morality, the great tradi-i tion of academic freedom requires their protection." allu 1CglfluulSA vb ,.J U,, '.,. 4vu lvJ the meaning of tenure and the ob- ligations of candor to the Univer- sity. These are matters in which no department, no school, no col- lege, as such, has any peculiar competence. These, it seems to us,' are matters which must properly be considered at the University level." (2) that this Senate express its satisfaction with the decision of the governing body of the Uni- versity in the case of Professor Market, and its regret that the de- cision in the case of Professor Nick- erson was not in accord with the unanimous opinion of the special Senate committee charged with reviewing this and similar cases. t etudent ublcations1 Build - ! and the Regents' decision on Prof. ing, 420 Maynard St., starting In expressing dissatisfaction Nickerson was an "unequivocal Monday. with this, one faculty member as- serted that to say "regret" as the contravention to the faculty." resolution did, is a much stronger Thus, one of the purposes behindi expression of disapproval in Uni- the resolution, as another put it, versity language than would seem was "to let the Regents know that P p s B ad to a layman.wic we exist." I Passaymanf the resolution which Issue was also taken to the re- I one professor termed "really re- port that the president's hour- markable, in view of the forces op- and-a-half report was followed by erating against it," has given new a two minute standing ovation. WASHINGTON (A')-A Navy inves{ impetus to the movement to press Several of the faculty had a defi- tigation is under way to fix respon- faculty opinion. It has been inter- nite, "Not so," for that. Instead, sibility for a mixup which resulted preted by many as a strong indi- one said, it was "polite applause in the wrong kind of steam piping cation of heavy support for the lasting about 20 or 30 seconds." going into the atomic submarine movement from the faculty as a Prof. Hawley agreed, too, that no Nautilus. whole. one stood up. The Navy estimates that at least Further establishing this inter-, three months will be needed to un- pretation was the passage of a i1I tangle the trouble and get the Nau- motion, at the Faculty Senate ary Raphael tilus ready for sailing. meeting Tuesday, to hold another, The Navy said yesterday that special meeting for further dis- I sections of a 1%/z-inch steamline in cussion. the world's first nuclear subma- Two Issues Predominant Memorial services for Mary M. rine contain welded piping instead Two issues that will presumably Raphael, 64 years old, of 33 Ridge of seamless tubing called for in the be brought up will be the proced- way, who died Tuesday at Univer- Navy's specifications. ures available for such cases and sity hospital, will be held at 4:30 Pending completion of the in- the severance pay of Prof. Nicker- p.m. tomorrow in St. Andrew's quiry, he said, it is impossible to son and H. Chandler Davis, for- Episcopal Church, with the Rev.j say precisely where the blame lies merly of the mathematics depart- Henry Lewis officiating.} whether it was failure by naval ment, who was also dismissed by Mrs. Raphael was the wife ofI inspectors and workmen or a corn- the Board of Regents. Dr. Theophile Raphael, professor bination. One of the procedures that has of clinical psychiatry at the Uni- occasioned objection was that re- versity, and supervisor of mentall quiring the president to decide hygiene at Health Service. h i S le upon a recommendation pf either A son, Charles, is now attending reinstatement or dismissal before the law school. Three brothers and 1the Senate subcommittee, headed three sisters also survive, includ-' For Grading by Prof. Angus Campbell, could ing Mrs. Alfred E. Connable, of come onto the scene. Kalamazoo, wife of the University Roger Comstock, '56, announced President Hatcher, who had no Regent. yesterday that the Inter-fraternity comment on the passage of the Mrs. Raphael was born in Detroiti Council Scholarship Committee has resolution, said last night that he Aug. 15, 1890, and received an AB arranged a change in the transfer does not plan to call a, special degree from the University in 1912. of business administration school meeting. He explained that ordi- She later earned an MA here inj grades to the annual University nary procedures would be followed social work. She was a member ofI scholarship record. if a meeting were to be called. This Delta Gamma. sorority., The marking scale which pre- would mean a request by the chair- The family requests that flowers vinuw1ly oiwyvrlarl a 'A' to Pr +, j man of the Senate Advisory Com- be omitted.I sai wouiU ease t e situation of the population in East as well as in West Germany for reunification of Germany." He said the recent decisions in London have "nothing to do with the re-establishment of true Ger- man sovereignty" or European se- curity. Basic Solution doubt that the "basic solution of the German problem" is the con- clusion of a peace treaty with Ger- many in accordance with the Pots- dam agreement of 1945. He declared German unification would come despite Western opposi- tion and struck out at "aggressive circles in the United States" which j he said fostered a policy leading to a new war. The three Western Powers occu- pying Germany -. t h e United States, Britain, and France - de- clared at the London conference their policy is "to end the occupa- tion regime in the West German Federal Republic as soon as pos- sible, to revoke the occupation statute, and to abolish the Allied High Commission." Launches Battle In Paris Premier Pierre Men- des-France launched his opening battle yesterday for National As- sembly indorsement of the nine- power London agreements for West German rearmament. The Cabinet gave him its political do-or-die backing. The Cabinet ministers authorized Mendes-France at a three-hour meeting yesterday morning to make the London accords an is- sue of confidence-putting the gov- ernment's life at stake - if and when necessary in the Assembly debate. Then the Premier reported to the Play Rehearsal Vu.fly aw 4 u'. n n w1 gra es of' 90 and above, 'B's' to grades of 80 and 'C's' to 70 has been lowered to four points. Henceforth 86 will be an 'A,' 76 a 'B,' 66 a 'C' and 56 a 'D.' The change was arranged after conferences with Assistant Dean of the School of Business Adminis- tration Harold F. Taggert who ap- proved the move last June. 'Gopher' Students Happy With Life ARMY COUNSEL SEES SON: ., a ;; elch Visits Ann Arbor-" SRoute to ashingtont ph N. Welch, Army counsel in the recent McCarthy Army stopped briefly in Ann Arbor yesterday to visit his son, Lyn- ;h, and three grandchildren of 2320 Pittsfield. 63-year-old Bostonian is on his way to Washington, D.C., king at his alma mater at Grinnel, Ia. Only four times Assembly's Foreign Affairs Com- mittee on his London negotiations as a prelude to his appearance for a formal statement before the As- sembly today. Mendes-France predicted that a full and precise agreement can be achieved by the end of October, and the texts submitted to Parlia- ment for ratification the following month. His aim now is only to put the Assembly on record behind the principles for an eventual ratifica- tion, he said. The meeting was closed, but ac- counts which filtered quickly to the legislative corridors said his rni- :.,r " f ; i :'f!;>' :::?;. " ,r ' - ,: !tf4Sii:%: ray . i i ---- - -- - - -- -- - - -- -_ .fl. . . . .