TH E MICHIGAN" DAILY SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1954 DAY AND TOMORROW: The New Look and Its Critics By WALTER LIPPMANN [HE EISENHOWER military policy is un- der considerable criticism coming from No quite separate sources. Both are res- onsible and both raise questions which all for serious and patient answers. But all ill be confusion if at the outset we do not .istinguish clearly the two schools of cri- icism. The first school is drawing its brief from men who are or have been closely connected with the Air Force. They do not challenge the basic decision to make the Air Force a paramount military arm. Far from it. The Eisenhower decision is the fulfilment of their highest hopes, the triumph of a cause for which they have long been fighting a political battle inside the Pentagon and in Congress. Their critical question is not whether the tew policy is right but whether the Eisen- tower-Wilson defense budget provides inough money to make it work. In substance hey are arguing that the Air Force needs arger appropriations if it is to fill its mis- ion and stay ahead in the race of arma- nents. The other school of criticism is taking its rief from the Army. and from the stalwart elievers in the Truman doctrine. They are vanting to know how this concentration of ffort and money on the strategic Air Force s to bring military advantages in a place ike Indo-China where big air power can- iot be used. Though none of these critics n a responsible position has as yet said so plainly, they are implying that this coun- ry needs not only to maintain a superior Air Force to deter the Soviet Union but that t needs also large conventional forces, in- :luding a big force of ground troops, for ocal wars of the Korean and Indo-Chinese ype., They are worried about the decision to educe the conventional forces. They have rather strong debating point provided for hem by Secretary Dulles who has given the mpression that while much military power will be acquired by the new policy, none will have to be given up. This is not true. It :ould not be true. The new policy, assum- ng it is adequately implemented, is de- igned for the supreme military mission of >reventing a world war. It is not designed for all other military missions as well. The iew armaments are not good for all pur- >oses. They are not a military panacea cap- able of producing "military victory" every- where and anywhere that fighting breaks DUt. When these critics ask how under the "new look" Indo-China is to be recon- quered by the anti-Communist forces, they are being disgenuous. They are en- couraging the notion that they or the Truman administration or the old Chiefs of Staff have had or now have a mili- tary policy which could be counted upon to produce a victory in Indo-China. No- body has such a policy. The new policy offers no prospect of a military victory in Indo-China. But neither, be it said clearly, did the old policy. Neither pol- icy, the old or the new, Truman's or Eis- enhower's, has produced the means for a military victory in wars like the Korean and the Indo-Chinese which are fought on the ground on the mainland of Asia. That is why we signed an armistice in Korea. That is why the French would like to sign an armistice in Indo-China. THE TRUE answer to the critics of the first school is to find out whether they might be right and if so to make the ap- propriations adequate. The answer to the critics of the second school can be made only when the Administration stops pretending that it can produce military victories with- out fighting, and that it can control great areas on the ground without putting men on the ground. Then, having recognized that the problem of Indo-China cannot be solved by a military decision, we should re- cognize the political consequences. We should take the strongest position that is available to us on which and from which to negotiate a cease fire. What could that be? As something to talk about, I should venture to suggest that it might be worked out op these lines: Acting with the British in support of the French, we might address the Viet Minh directly, though the Soviet Union and Red China should be informed in advance. We might tell the Viet Minh that while the French authority is to be withdrawn, this will not be done under military pressure and it will not be car- ried out until a political solution is agreed to. What could be the principles of a political solution? It is clear,- I think, that on the other side the irreducible minimum terms of peace are that the French authority should be withdrawn. On the Western side the irreducible minimum is that Indo-China should not be abandoned and forced to be- come a satellite of Red China, The hard and crucial fact is that an Indo-China from which the French were withdrawn would not and could not now be an independent state. It will long be such a weak and di- vided assortment of peoples that it would be bound to fall soon under a dictatorship supported by the nearest great power, which would be Red China. The problem is to find a way out of the dilemma of Colonialism or satellitism. If there is a way out, is it not to place Indo-China under the protec- tion of the United Nations, and to put the independent Asian members of the United Nations in the leading places of the under- taking? I have no illusions, I think, about how difficult, how mountainous, are the obstacles to such a solution. But can anyone think of any solution which is not much more diffi- cult and also much more painful? (Copyright, 1954, New York Herald Tribune, Inc.) fditetoie te By HARRY LUNN Daily Managing Editor WHEN Arts Theater Club closed its doors several months ago the campus and the city lost more than just an excellent thea- ter group, for Arts Theater had become in its brief lifetime the focal point of creative in- novation in this area. An outgrowth of the Inter-Arts Union, the theater was respected for its original- ity and its insistence that good theater could be found in the seldom performed works of unknown writers and lesser known plays of the great names of the stage. It promoted an interest in student art by commissioning murals from the outstanding young artists at the University and would have in time performed new work by excellent writers studying here. The Arts Theater has gone now, but the spirit in which it flourished is still here, and is taking tangible form in the reactivation of the Inter-Arts Union. An organizational meeting of this group will be held at 2 p.m. today in the League to discuss plans for the annual spring festival sponsored by Inter- Arts. In past years the festival has presented a host of stimulating experimental theater productions as well as sponsoring art exhib- its and dance programs. Creative writing has gained deserved recognition in readings and through the pages of Generation, the camL pus literary publication. With adequate stu- dent support this year's festival promises to be as outstanding as those of former years. Inter-Arts membership does not require 20 lines of poetry or five oil paintings; only a genuine interest in the creative arts is asked. Inter-Arts is well worth any student's interest and present members will welcome all the support they can get. Why not drop by for this afternoon's meeting? mUI "There's Been Talk He Believes In The Bill Of Rights" --L ettei TO THE EDITOR The "Daily welcomes communications from its readers on matters .1t general interest, and will publish all letters which are signed by the writer and, in good taste. Letters exceeding 300 words in length, defamatory or libelous letters, and letters which for any reason are not in good taste will be condensed, edited or withheld from publication at the discretion of the editors. .} " ,r~, id- S c..o K-" V'1.9Sa t cJp.,fH .Jb+' '..1 PRir +M Z] 1 Cl R in 0 tC eI a s aI t1 I{ x: Rackham A uditorium . . CURRENT MOVIES I It the State . .0. RIOT IN CELL BLOCK 11, An Allied Art- ists Production PRISON pictures are conventionally melo- dramatic affairs in which the social is- sues involved take second place to the more reliable box office criteria of violence and gangsterism. The real problems of prison management have consequently never been seen before from an administrator's point of view. This defect has been remedied by "Riot in Cellblock 11," a documentary record of a prison outbreak that duplicates the Michi- gan riot of 1952, event for event. The film is successful because it is hon- est. It is melodramtic but never false, be- cause for a change it does not view pris- on administration as a problem which de- pends purely on whether the warden is go- ing to have the courage to cross the yard by himself. The complexity faced by the adninistrator is demonstrated in terms of the prisoner, who is idle and underguard- ed; in terms of personnel, who are under- paid and inexperienced; and in terms of higher political figues, who for the most part are unacquainted with and insensitive toward penitentiary problems. The movie's purpose has been to illus- trate these things within the framework of a prison riot. Because the approach of the makers has been sound and not simple, they have put together a dramatic film involv- ing consistent characters who all, in very brief appearances, create a network of hu- man relationships that is as compelling as it is fundamentally hopeless. In general, this is accomplished without didacticism. Blame of the politicians and of the legislature may ,sound a little glib when tossed over the shoulder during the stress of a' violent situation; but the force and for- ward movement of the film is never neutra- lized by it. The final scene between warden and convict tends to sentimentalize the lat- ter just a shade; but the point that they are both after all victims of the same system is finally established here. The film is helped, of course, by the fact At the Orpheum .. . MR. POTTS GOES TO MOSCOW MR. POTTS goes to pot. With such im- portations as this latest attempt to ob- struct Anglo-American relations, it becomes evident that the English concept of the American concept of British humor is funny little men running around the countryside wearing bowler hats with a confused look in their eye-just follow the old British policy of muddling through. With all the imagination of a sanitary engineer setting out to solve the world's plumbing problems, Mr. Potts, played ques- tionably by George Cole, works his way from kippered herring to kippered herring until he finally reaches Moscow. Of course, he carries with him the seeds of his own destruction-the secret plans for the latest means of ending the world. Under the tutelage of a capitalist-minded commis- sar, Mr. Potts makes his debute in Krem- lin society amidst the fumes of vodka bot- tles and antiquated plumbing. His decep- tion ends with the disclosure that the only plans he has involve a new method of flushing toilets. But the clever Mr. Potts has secreted the real secrets in the com- missar's coat. After a brush with the secret police, an English delegation, and Joe Stalin, Mr. Potts gets back to Berlin where he gives an exhi- bition of roof-hopping before. escaping to the British zone with the plans, a reformed commissar, and his beauteous Russian in- terpreter. One of the more amusing scenes consists of the Berlin peace conference in riot. The use of peace posters as curbs strikes an ironic touch. But if this be farce, bring back the Ritz Brothers. --Dick Wolf ALL THE Soviet attempts at breaking up the West failed in Berlin because of the GRILLER STRING QUARTET THE FOUR English musicians known as the Griller Quartet performed last night a program characterized by an uncommon order of musicianship. The playing of this group is rough and straightforward, with little attempt at sheer polish for its own sake. This quality of roughness does not, however, extend to the ensemble, as the four men felt each entrance, each phrase, exact- ly together. The performance was unglam- orous but exciting. The program opened with the wonder- fully bold and inventive Quartet in G Major, Op. 33, No. 5, by Haydn. This is a thoroughly masterful work, in which ev- erything falls into its proper place, with many varied moods cast within a shapely\ and logical mold. Perhaps the location of my seat was partly responsible, but it seemed that Mr. Griller's violin should have been more prominent, as this work dates from the time when a string quar- tet was pretty much a work for first vio- lin with three accompanying instruments. Particularly in the beautiful slow move- ment did the figurations of the viola tend to cover somewhat they iolin melody. But the interpretation was iagnificent, with every subtle touch in Haydn's score rea- lized in the playing. The contemporary work was the Quar- tet No. 3 by Ernest Bloch. The composition was dedicated to the Griller four, who played it as though it must have been a part of them. Technically, the quartet makes use of a skillfully handled chromaticism above a solidly tonal base. It indicates that Bloch has thoroughly integrated the Hebraic folk ele- ments of his earlier works "with a rather sophisticated contemporary style, and has done this in a very satisfactory manner. Mel- odically, thedcomposer has filled the work with bold, declamatory thematic material, of the sort which the string quartet can project so well. Here, in a sense, may be a defect in the work. The fast movements, par- ticularly the third and fourth, are really rather similar thematically and otherwise. The finale, therefore, did not seem to add as much to the work as a whole as a final movement should. In addition, there was a curious slow section in the third movement which almost seemed to belong to another work, and thus, in just the opposite way, seemed a sort of appendage to the composi- tion. These are merely observations made at a single hearing. They might or might not be borne out on subsequent listenings. There is no denying the effectiveness of the piece, the appealing quality of its romanticism. The program concluded with the lyrical and lovely Quartet in B-Flat, K. 458 by Mozart, played in fine style by the Grillers. --Dave Tice THE OLD rule still applies. What is im- portant in our negotiations with the Communists is not our bargaining with them, but the unity we achieve with our Allies. At Berlin the Soviets expected to deepen the western split. A year of fumbling unilat- eralism in Washington, plus the budgetary New Look in our defense program, must have rnvinced tpm hat the western n . WASHINGTON-The inside story of how Congressman Ernestv Bramblett of California was tried and convicted can now bev told. His prosecution caused the firing of five Democratic lawyersd who didn't want to prosecute this Republican Congiessman.e They were overruled by a new justice department executive whot happens to be a Republican and who ordered the case to trial. 3 Though Attorney General Brownell has been charged withs playing politics in certain cases, his associates certainly did nott play politics in this one.- Here is how the backstage story unfolds: s In December, 1952, as the Truman Administration was about tor leave office, the Democratic central committee of Santa Barbara, Calif., which is part of Bramblett's district, sent a telegram to Attor-t ney General James McGranery, a Democrat, which read in part: c "Drew Pearson has filed with the Justice Department his publishedx charge that Congressman Ernest Bramblett obtained salary kickbackst from his employees. We urge that you prosecute before new admin-t istration comes in and whitewashes this."i The telegram went in due course to Charles Murray, thenI assistant Attorney General in charge of the Justice Department'sr criminal division, who forwarded it on to his chief assistant, An-t drew Oehmann, with this note: "Andy-Let's not assume justice will miscarry when our succes-t sors take over. Give this the usual treatment.- . Murray's confidence in the ensuing Republican administration1 was not misplaced. They proved more anxious to prosecute a fellow t Republican than did certain Democrats. *s * * * DEMOCRATS SAY NOc THE KICKBACK charges against Bramblett were processed in due course, and on January 14, Attorney General McGraery, the outgoing attorney general, ordered prosecution in a letter which he1 himself signed. Since only six days remained before Eisenhower was to be inaugurated and Attorney General Brownell took over, it was obviously impossible to prosecute and the matter was delayed. It did not come before the new Republican chief of the criminal division, Warren Olney III, until March. At that time there passed across his desk a routine recommenda- tion that the criminal charges against Congressman Bramblett be dismissed. Ordinarily, Olney might have O.K.'d the recommendation, since it was signed by men familiar with the case. But being -new in office and being from California, as is Bramblett, he took a second look. The five subordinate attorneys who found no ground for prosecu- ting the Republican Congressman were all appointed by Democrats. Despite this unanimous recommendation, the more Olney looked at the case the more skeptical he became that either some kind of a fix had bee] put in to save Bramblett or else a trap had been laid to em- barrass him as the new chief of the criminal division. So he asked for the entire Bramblett file and turned it over to an independent attorney of his own choosing. NEW DOCUMENTS DISCOVERED THIS ATTORNEY turned up several interesting and extremely im-! portant documents which Pad been held out of the abbreviated file which had come across the desk of the new assistant attorney general. One of them was the signed order by Attorney General McGran- ery for criminal prosecution. His letter listed several laws which Bramblett had violated. It was emphatic and unequivocal. Another was a notation that Edward B. Williams, Bramblett's attorney, had called at the Justice Department on Jan. 9, 1953, stating that he was acquainted with Mr. Olney, the new Repub- lican who was about to take over the criminal division. The memo stated that Williams mentioned this friendship and asked for favorable consideration in the Bramblett case. Later it developed in court testimony that Bramblett had phoned his campaign manager, John Hardaway, at about this time, telling him not to worry, that everything was being "fixed." The omission of these two documents from the file handed to Olney was significant. The McGranery letter, categorically recom- mending prosecution, showed that the outgoing Democrats were all set to throw the book at Bramblett. The second document, stating that Williams, a reputed friend of Olney's, asked for favorable con- sideration, might have led to the conclusion that Olney, the new Re- publican chief, was fixing a case for a friend. So Olney called in the five Democratic attorneys and fired them. He also ordered the prosecution of Bramblett. Reason for firing the five attorneys was not that they made a mistake in recommending dismissal of the Bramblett case, but be- cause they withheld pertinent information. The deliberate omission of Attorney General McGranery's letter from the files appeared either calculated to carry out a fix for Bramblett or else to entrap the new To the Editor: UNDER THE headline "Marshall Discusses Bookstore Prices" in Thursday's Daily followed a well- written article by Phyllis Lipsky1 on an informal discussion of the SL Campus Action Committee in which I participated. Her article is accurate, but I confess a bit of concern with her emphasis. In an exceedingly friendly at- mosphere I was asked a number >f questions concerning the na- ture of the book business, and giv- en a very stimulating and agree- able hearing. The chief point I sought to make was that the aver- age net-operating-profit-ratio in the book business is about 2%. (This means that in the average book store when you buy a book for $1.00, after all expenses are paid there is onlyl2c of that dol- lar left as profit.) When asked to estimate the pic- ture in supplies and equipment, I stated my guess of about 4% or 4 cents on the dollar. I am not in the supply business, so this is only' a guess, though I presented some Dun and Bradstreet figures which. indicate this to be an "educated" guess. Thus in a store which sells books and supplies of about equal dollar volume the net operating profit would be about 3c on the receipt dollar. The group concurred in my estimate that the average student spends about $50.00 a semester in the local bookstores . . . and thus Miss Lipsky's figure of the pos- sibility in a non-profit operation of a savings per semester of $1.50 to each student. The point I sought to raise was whether a maximum savings of $1.50 was worth very much fuss. The discussion then switched to the question of a university-subsi- dized store, with savings of some consequence assuming the willing- ness and ability of the university to put something in the pot. (If the university was willing and able it occurs at this writing it might be simpler for them merely to re- duce tuition costs the amount of money they would be called upon to underwrite a cut-rate store.) In this context I pointed out that this would be a severe form of competition to the "capitalistic" book sellers, who do not have such a subsidy. In addition to the fact that said subsidy would be a hea- vy drain on university finances, such an operation involves other considerations. Your headline.wri- ter picked up one of these, namely my contention that such subsi- dized-competition would compel the present stores to eliminate many of the non-profitable "trim- DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN' mings" and "services" from -their operations. I maintain that some of these "extras" are most desirable in an intellectual community, and offer as evidence Detroit, where a text- book store selling at cut rates is heavily subsidized by Wayne. In that city there is not a single real- ly good general book store. Even the most commercial and text- bookish of the Ann Arbor book- stores is better stocked with books of general, scholarly, artistic, and literary merit than the best De- troit book store. As the former manager of a large (and now de- funct) bookstore which tried to operate in the same neighborhood as the subsidized Wayne store, I assure any who have read this far that there is a definite casual re- lationship. In answer to questions I sought to bring out two other considera- tions regarding a university-sub- sidized store. One was that it would probably put at least two campus stores out of business. As mine is the least-solidly financed I fear mine would be one of those to suffer. The other is that local businesses do pay considerable taxes; when the university oper- ates businesses which cut the tax base on either a state or a local level it must expect certain in- evitable financial consequences. Much of its support comes from the state, and it receives many lo- cal services from the city for free. This is not quite the same as arguing that the university should not or might not compete with lo- cal business, but we should all be clear that just as a matter of fact this competition is part of a circle, and the whole picture must be studied. In other words, I am convinced that a cooperative book store would not save students very much money, if any, because there is scarcely any profit in book re- tailing, campus myths to the con- trary. Further I would regret any decision by the university to sub- sidize a book store so that it could undersell me, because ILwould lose my livelihood and because I would sincerely regret the inevitable cur- tailment of many services to the intellectual community now per- formed by local stores. Although I would not be personally involved, once being put out of business, I do recommend to those consider- ing a university-subsidized store4a further investigation of the total financial picture in terms of tax rates, services furnished the uni- versity by the city at a nominal cost or free, and similar consider ations. -Bob Marshall *1.~ The Daily Official Bulletin is an official publication of the University of Michigan for which the Michigan Daily assumes no editorial responsi- bility. Publication in it is construc- tive notice to all members of the University. Notices should be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to Room 2552 Administration Building before 3 p.m. the day preceding publication (before 11 a.m. on Saturday). SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1954 VOL. LXIV, No. 94 Notices Freshman Hopwood Contestants should pick up their manuscripts in the Hop- wood Room during the week of Feb- ruary 22. Late Permission: Because of the Ca- duceus Ball all women students will have a 1:30 permission on Sat., Feb. 20. Women's residences will be open until 1:25 a.m. Mary L. Hinsdale scholarship, amount- nng to $104.94 (interest on the endow- ment fund) is available to undergrad- uate women who are wholly or par- tially self-supporting and who do not live in University residence hails or sorority houses. Girls with better than average scholarship and need will be considered. Application blanks, obtain- able at the Alumnae Council Office, Michigan League, should be filed by March 5. Lucy Elliott Fellowship. This fellow- ship for 1954-55 is being offered to wo- men graduate students from any college or university who wish to study here or to graduates of this university who wish to pursue their studies at another university. The fellowship, amounting to $750, is awarded on the basis of per- sonality, achievement, and scholarship ability. Preference is also shown to those women doing creative work. Ap- plication blanks may be picked up in the Alumnae Council Office, Michigan League, and should be returned by April 1. Lectures University Lecture, auspices of the Geology and Mineralogy Journal Club. "Mineralogical Research in Germany," IDr. H. O'Daniel, Visiting Professor of Michigan Actuarial Club. There will be a meeting of the Actuarial Club. on Mon., Feb. 22, at 4:10 p.m., 3N of the Union. Mr. James Copple, Asst. Actuary of The Penn Mutual, will discuss "Dis- tribution of Surplus." Everyone inter- ested is cordially invited. Refreshments will be served. Make-upaExamination in Economics 51, 52, 53, and 54 on February 26 In 207 Economics Building. Seminar in the History of Mathe- matics. Organization meeting Mon., Feb. (Continued on Page 4) Sixty-Fourth Year Edited. and managed by students of, the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board In Control of Student Publications. Editorial Staff Harry Lunn.......... Managing Editor 'Eric Vetter. ...........City Editor virginia voss........ Editorial Director Mike Wolff......Associate City Editor Alice B. Silver . Assoc. Editorial Director IDiane D. AuWerter...Associate Editor Helene 'Simon........Associate Editor Ivan Kaye...............Sports Editor Paul Greenberg....Assoc. Sports Editor Marilyn Campbell.-. Women's Editor Kathy Zeisler. .. Assoc. Women's Editor Chuck Kelsey ......Chief Photographer Business Staff Thomas Treeger......Business Manager William Kaufman Advertising Manager Harlean Hankin....Assoc. Business Mgr. 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