I RA G E E W O THE MICHIGAN DAILYk SATU RDAY, MAY 15, 1954 i Thoughts on the Suspensions Distorted Values T HE SLEUTHS who compose the various congressional -investigating committees now appearing on your favorite TV station have accomplished quite a bit in a most unfortunate way. The McCarthys, Veldes, and Clardys have performed a superior job of distort- ing the sense of values of the American public. Today, while at Geneva the lead- ers of the rival powers are attempting to give a breathing space to a world suffo- cated by oppression, these public leaders are grabbing the top billing in the morning papers. Citizens are hardly aware of the extreme importance of the Geneva conference, but many'people can recite the daily doings of the infamous David Shine. On the campuses of some of our more respected universities, distinguished educators are being influenced by Congressional organizations of useless- ness, into playing the petty game of politics. As these hearings drag on in Washing- ton and Lansing, the Kremlin is probably enjoying every minute of the show. While the Reds relax, certain Senators and Con- gressmen continue to disparage the integ- rity of our colleges and the evaluating ability of the American people. Men have been temporarily relieved of their jobs as instructors at the University of Michigan, not for inefficiency or disloy- alty to the United States, but rather for having an opinion. Whether we agree with, the attitudes of these faculty members or not isn't the important thing. The principle of freedom of thought in- volved is of vital significance, and that is what has been brutally attacked. Because they allowed themselv to think freely the University has for the present found these men not suitable to teach classes. Under the spell of the bizarre tactics of a few politicians, Harlan H. Hatcher unjustly suspended these three exceptionally able men. This should have aroused the student body of any American campus, and the re- sult at Michigan was magnificent. Whether it was intended or not, Mr. Clar- dy and his cohorts stimulated a startling measure of reaction at Ann Arbor. American students have been accused of being apa- thetic about what occurs in the world each day. However they were anything but non- chalant on the diagonal last Thursday. Debates flourished, and signatures ap- peared on petitions urging the reinstate- ment of the abused instructors. The stu- dents proved that they couldn't be bull- dozed by a band of witch hunters, and a conservative President. This is the good that occasionally is produced by a streak of bad. The men and women of Michigan how- ever must not let up until a satisfactory re- sponse is secured from the Regents and Mr. Clardy. By persistently attacking unjust congressional and Presidential action, the student body will be doing a great service to three men and their families. But even more important they will be preserving the tra- ditions of justice that make our nation great. -Bill Stone Democracy Is Sensitive SHOULD COMMUNIST cardholders and sympathizers be permitted to instruct in our colleges and universities? This question struck home Monday when three University faculty members, alleged by the Clardy Committee to have been affiliated with the Communist party either at some time in the past or the present, .were temporarily suspended by the University pending further investiga- tion. American. students definitely should be instructed concerning the doctrine of Com- munism for students must know exactly what they are fighting. A clear presentation of subject matter as nearly objective as pos- sible is necessary. When discussions are based on honest investigations, unfounded and untrue information is usually discarded. One problem, however, is who can objec- tively present classroom material. True the Communist slants his views on economics, sociology, philosophy and political science until they become little more than propa- ganda. Even in subjects such as fine arts, mathematics, chemistry and literature the instructor is in a position to offer aside comments and inferences to his students. But what one is often tempted to for- get is the fact that Democratic instruc- tors too are biased. How objectively do they present factual data? No one ever obtains perfect objectivity, Communist or Democrat. Young adults, possessing open, flexible minds, can fall prey to the subtle arguments and distorted facts of the Communist pro- fessor. Usually the Communist distorts slow- ly, cunningly inculcating seemingly plaus- ible facts into the student's mind. On the other hand, a student of college age is supposedly mature enough to differ- entiate between that which he has been brought up to believe is right and that which is wrong. Surely the ideas and com- ments of one Communist professor cannot extinguish the many years' development of belief in certain standards. It is also difficult to believe that one instructor among the dozens that a stu- dent encounters during his University career can so radically dissolve the stu- dent's former way of thinking. To be considered also is the supposition that Communist teachers use our school sys- tem as a means for propagating their dogma. In some cases this may be true, but in many more it is not. Must those men with ade- quate academic preparation in their chosen fields, men whose political views are known to themselves only but not inflicted on others, be made outcasts from the field of educa- tion? How many students have had instructors whose narrowpess allowed them to see only the benefits of either the Republican or Democratic political party? It is a good idea for every American to understand the strategy and tactics of the Communist teacher. But it does not necessarily follow that we must demand his ouster from the school system. Education is a sensitive process. So is democracy. By forcing Communists to dis- continue teaching, it is possible that we may be endangering the very democracy we wish so much to keep. TODAY AND TOMORROW by WALTER LIPPMANN AT HIS press conference on Tuesday Mr. Dulles remarked that while Southeast Asia "is an extremely difficult area in which to operate," he did "not say the difficulties are insuperable." No doubt that is true. The best prospect of overcoming the difficulties is to appraise them candidly and lucidly. For while there are limits to what this coun- try can do in that part of the world, it may be able to do a very great deal if we can reach a correct appraisal of the situation, if we know the facts and know what we are doing. THAT IS NOT easy to do because to a degree almost unparalleled in modern times the situation is enveloped in a man-made fog of censorship and propaganda. But we have to begin the appraisal with what we do know. A most important thing which we do know is that Mr. Dulles, in his efforts to organize collective security in Southeast Asia, is face to face with a problem that did not arise in the other mutual security ar- rangements which we referred to in his press conference-namely the North Atlantic Se- curity Treaty, the Anzus Treaty, the Philip- pine Treaty and the Rio Treaty. These are pacts to resist armed attack by a foreign power. NATO is an organization to resist an armed attack by the Soviet Union on any of its members. The Anzus Treaty and the Philippine Treaty were made in order to guarantee Australia, New Zealand and the Philippines against an attack by a re-armed Japan, as well as an armed attack by the Soviet Union. The Rio Treaty is directed against an attack by a non-American power. These pacts have a common and fun- damental conception - they are aimed against armed external aggression. They are silent on the subject of insurrection, conspiratorial coup d'etat, or civil war. They guarantee the inviolability of the national frontiers of the treaty members but not the security of the existing gov- ernments. *0 cB&ll 10(l/¢ 6d-iON 1 1 1 a i i Helpful,. . To the Editor: W OULD LIKE to know where to send my contribution to help send Mr. Shaffer and Sharpe over to some Communist Heaven, pre- ferably Russia. Since they may be cited for con- tempt maybe they will have a short wait in the local clink but I suppose its good training for any- one hoping to be a bona fide Commie. May I express my hope that they get about 30 days, at least. -Bob Brown, LS&A * * * . Most Naive.,. To the Editor: KIT CLARDY said, "Only those suspected of Communistic ac- tivities will be called before this Congressional Committee." Yet those 2 students and 3 faculty members who were called did not think it important enough to answer questions clearing them- selves of any suspicions. Certainly no one should be ashamed to admit that they are loyal Americans to a duly elected group who have the right to ques- tion citizens. Especially when the hearings are open and really the results are for public consumption. Let's face it, no matter how many high sounding phrases are used to explain their failure to answer it all adds up to either having a clear record to show to John Q. Public or else you have got some blemish that you do not wish revealed. Anyone with a clean record would be proud to show it to the world. As for the students it has long been known by any Daily reader that we have at least 2 dis-loyal Americans in attendance here. They have long been a disgrace to the community and at every oppor- tunity fill the Daily columns with half-truths, outright lies, tear jerking statements, and in gener- al the straight Communist Party line. Sometimes I think I am read- ing "The Michigan Daily Worker." If for no other reason I hope these men are now exposed to even the most naive by reason of the investigation, and this includes the Daily Editors who seem to of t- en swallow their brand of propa- ganda. -Ken Preston Dean Stason' s Statement . . ACCORDING to your reporter, Mr. Dygert, Dean Stason of the Law School imagines that "the question to be answered by the in- vestigation is whether an indi- vidual who takes advantage of the Fifth Amendment is a fit member of the University Community." Now obviously that is one question that cannot be answered by any "investigation," and certainly not by the one now being conducted by the deans of the three colleges im- mediately concerned. That is a "I Took A Back Seat, Didn't I?" k--- Q L °! mtEg - W.t - N * (~~~*T 'M S5 (however subtle) of subversive principles in the classroom. An uncooperative attitude to- wards investigating committees may in itself seem harmless enough, but there are below the surface graver implications of what such an attitude means. It fosters a spirit of defiance; it leads to criticism, dissatisfaction and in- dependent thinking, and is cli- maxed by the use of the United States Constitution for protection. Mr. Clardy has told us that the only people who invoke the Fifth Amendment are those "who have something to hide." As for the classroom practices of these men, we are sure no one would want to take math from an instructor who, by skillful dialectics and dishonest reasoning, might trick us into be- lieving that two and two really make eight. We take pride in being students at a great University which has once again shown its outstanding leadership by demanding coopera- tion with the duly elected repre- sentatives of the government in their fight to protect us from devi- ationist doctrines. -Robt. Palmer Joseph H. Waters * * * 1 I 1 I * * * , Cl) R A R MQ'/IES At the State .. RIVER OF NO RETURN LIKE A HUNDRED other westerns, River of No Return is all sameness and no originality. There are a few variations - chiefly Marilyn Monroe and a Canadian lo- cale-but the plot, characters, and incidents are standard Hollywood corn. There is the saloon singer (Miss Monroe) with a heart of gold, the herp (Robert Mitchum) who never smiles and is oblivious to the heroine's charms, the sweet child (Tommy Rettig) with far more wisdom and intelligence than any of his elders, and the smirkily laughing, gun-toting villain (Rory Calhoun). The film's main action occurs on a raft voyage down a raging river made by Miss Monroe, Mitchum and Rettig, who are chasing the wicked Calhoun. Script Writ- er Frank Fenton tries desperately to en- liven the journey with action and sex. Unfortunately, he never quite succeeds, and the trip remains dull and uninterest- ing. The raft scenes could have been ex- citing. Instead, becluse of poor process shots, they lack realism. The actors are simply standing on a raft in the studio back lot with buckets of water being thrown at them, while the location pho- tography is unreeled behind them. The effect is completely unconvincing, When it comes to sex, River of No Return deserves some sort of a prize for effort. Fen- ton contrives to display Miss Monroe's well- publicized charms whenever possible. There is the scene where Indians attack the raft. Their object, we are told, is to kill Mitchum and Miss Monroe. What does the first Indian on board the raft do? He quickly sidesteps Mitchum and makes a frantic grab for Miss Monroe's blouse. Earlier, Mitchum and Miss Monroe stage a wrestling match while the a naughty song ("I'm Gonna File My Claim" in this instance) accompanied by the proper- ly sensual pelvic gyrations. All men within seeing and hearing distance stop what they are doing, stare, grin, grimace ecstatically, and do a few double takes. This establishes the sexiness and desirability of the heroine. Next, the viewer must realize that she is also "good." Marilyn, we instantly perceive, is "good" because she takes in poor orphaned children. She also applies water and ban- dages to the head of wounded Mitchum. But the heroine must also have courage, physical stamina. Scenes: Marilyn picking berries in "Injun" infested country, Marilyn battling a raging river, Marilyn fighting Indians. By now, the viewer should have no doubt that the lady is fine, beautiful, cour- ageous. River of No Return also makes full use of the blanket symbol. When an individual moves a blanket from the hips to the neck of a sleeper, the viewer must instantly percieve that this individual has now ex- pressed undying admiration and love for the sleeper. First Marilyn covers small Tommy Rettig: she loves children. Then Marilyn covers Mitchum: she loves Mitch- um. Finally Mitchum covers Marilyn: he has succumbed to'her charms. Proof of this is evidenced by the scene in which Marilyn finds villain Calhoun asleep: she awakens him. The film has some pretty shots of the lofty Canadian mountains and Song Writers Ken Darby and Lionel Newman have com- posed some attractive melodies in the folk- song tradition. Miss Monroe sings them in a fairly pleasant, rather low voice. But it takes more than mountains and songs to overcome River of No Return's triteness. The picture does not have more than this, and the end result is 91 minutes of Hollywood hokum that should appeal chiefly to the NOW IN Southeast Asia the problem of external armed attack is not at this time the serious problem. I think we can fairly say that the United States, by its plain warnings and its deterrent power, has for practical purposes made external armed ag- gression improbable. In any event, though there have been no local defenses capable of stopping Red China, there have been no armed interventions in Indo-China, Burma, or Thailand. So, as a practical matter no new pact is needed in Southeast Asia to give it the kind of security which is guaranteed by NATO, Anzus, the Philippine and Rio Treaties. The guarantee has been given, has long been recognized, and is as effective as the power of the United States can make it. No pact can make that guarantee more ef- fective. The real problem, of course, in Southeast Asia is not external armed attack but inter- nal rebellion. That is not a problem which lends itsel'f readily to a solution by a collec- tive military guarantee. I think I am right in saying that, apart from the Holy Alliance after the Napoleonic wars, there has been no modern example of a military alliance dir- ected at the internal character of existing governments. * * * * I The crucial difficulty of organizing col- lective action in Southeast Asia lies just there. The unsolved, though not necessar- ily insoluble, problem is to define the con- ditions, which are acceptable to many na- tions, of intervention to protect existing governments from internal insurrection. There are, as Mr. Dulles indicated, other difficulties in the way of a general Pacific- South Asian pact. But the crucial difficulty is that the real threat to security is from internal revolution, and not, as our other security pacts envisage, from external armed attack. * * * * I SAID ABOVE that the other pacts are silent on the problem of internal security. But that does not mean that the problem does not exist elsewhere or that it has been ignored. The security of Western Europe has been greatly fortified against external aggression by the British and American commitments under NATO and by their and our rearmament; it has been fortified against internal insurrection which might invite Soviet intervention by the substantial increase in the power at the command of the French and Italian governments. Could something like this be done in Southeast Asia? Could, that is to say, the authority of the existing governments of Burma and Thailand and Indonesia be strengthened by any measures that we could take? The answer, I feel sure, is that this can be done only if our cooperation is invit- ed-as it was in France and Italy, in the Philippines, in Australia and New Zealand. We cannot, I believe, expect the invitation to be forthcoming if it appears to mean the organization of a military alliance, which could not be neutral, in case of a general war in the Far East. We know for certain that India, Indo- nesia and Burma will not join that kind of alliance. It is as much a cardinal prin- ciple of their foreign policy as was the doctrine of no entangling alliances the principle of American policy for 150 years. Moreover, we must ask ourselves whether it would increase or diminish the security like Clardy, George Higgins, and John Knight lying across the ta- ble around which they meet to make it. I thought, for a while, that the President had made up his own mind, at least, on this question. I remember something about not intending to penalize any mem- ber of the University "family" merely because he availed himself, of his constitutional rights. But maybe it is now thought that if you pay a man money while you suspend him in the public gaze as a potential corrupter of youth, the fellow really can't have much to complain of. Don't misunderstand me. I think it would be quite proper for the ad- ministration to make quiet and confidential inquiries into the le- gal record and the professional 1 performance of any faculty mem- ber about whom it entertained doubts. But I wouldn't begin with a public gesture of no faith. I would take action after-not be- fore-I had evidence of profes- sional incompetence, violation of professional ethics, or violationI of law. To get back to Dean Stason: what does he think the investiga- tions now being conducted by the three other deans can possibly be for? Surely only to settle any pos- sible doubts that may have been raised about established and agreed-upon professional ethics. The deans are surely not the ones who will decide the momentous question whether we will or will not admit appeal to the Bill of Rights without prejudice; surely they are not the ones to "ferret out crime;" and patently, profession- al competence is not in question. ject of the dean's inquiry. Yet the dean of the Law School has an- nounced, according to your re- porter, that such testimonials are "not particularly pertinent." -John F. Baumgartner, Teaching Fellow College of Engineering, Dept. of English Major Issue .. . To the Editor: IT SEEMS that everyone has con- fused the major issue in the Suspension Cases of faculty mem- bers. Their teaching ability and what they say in the classroom is not the main point of interest in retaining these men. The real point is whether State supported institutions should have employees whose political intent is to overthrow the present U.S. gov- ernment. No matter how proficient the teacher is he should not be on the taxpayers payroll if he is dis- loyal. Of course this latter point must be proven, that is that he is dis-loyal. Nothing could be more incon- sistent than to spend large sums of money to fight Communism abroad and yet expect the same ~taxpayers t pay the salaries of men who advocate the overthrow- ing of the government here in the --D. Hill Two and Two, Comrades * * * To the Editor: CONGRATULATIONS, President Hatcher! W are proud of you; your firm and immediate action in suspending the three faculty mem- bers is a clear example of how we rl,.,,lA AnQ uyih flno~nm(Z PIP 1 v t v a This Is Tyranny , . . To the Editor: "3YRANNICAL governments.., immemorially utilized dictator- ial criminal procedure and punsh- ment to make scape-goats of the weak, or of helpless political, re- ligious, or racial minorities and those who differed, who would not conform and who resisted tyranny .The rack, the thumbscrew, the wheel, solitary confinement, pro- tracted questioning, and other in- genious forms of entrapment of the helpless of unpopular . . . left their wake of mutiliated bodies and shattered minds along the way to the cross, the guillotine, the stake and the hangman's noose ... " These were the words of the Supreme Court, as expressed in Chamber v. Florida (1940). One of man's most cherished ideals, is the right to be free .. . under law. Indeed, the goal of the judicial branch of our govern- ment is "equal justice under law." But where law ends, tyranny be- gins. When a Congressional inves- tigating committee, as exemplified by the McCarthy committee, usurps the power of the judiciary to prosecute, but disregards the duty of the law to protect thein- nocent, this s tyranny. Those peo- ple who give assent to the meth- ods employed by the investigators, and accept their claims without validation, only strengthen their tyranny. Those who resist, or dif- fer, who made use of the law to protect their innocence, are left in the wake of other mutiliated bodies and chatered minds. This wake,. left by the ship of tyran~ny, which is piloted by "McCarthyism or as Elmer Davissays, "the rise of the right to be free .. . under law. The recent suspension of three faculty men was an "unfair and unnecessary action. It would ap- pear that President Hatcher's statement of suspension of these men, who made use of the law to protect their innocense, reflected the thinking of those who have succumbed to primitivism, whose followers preach "guilty until proven innocent"-resulting in re- jection of the accused by society. This is tyranny. -James Neil Hantula I _L___ __ _L.. ___ LL ._t .v ..... .. .......... determination that, in my opin- Since all that is so, testimonials should deal wita dangerouse ± ion, ought to be made by the fac- from the students and colleagues ments in our country, whether ulty of the whole University. It of the teachers in question are ob- they are guilty of "refusing to co- will be made, I expect, by the viously the very best, if not the operate with government investi- President and the Board of Re- only competent testimony bear- gating committees, or the far more gents, with the shadow of men ing upon the only conceivable sub- 1 serious crime of outright advocacy DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN] I '4 I I The Daily Official Bulletin is an official publication of the University of Michigan for which the Michigan Daily assumes no editorial responsi- bility. Publication in it is construc- tive notice to all members of the University. Notices should be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to Room 2552 Administration Building before 3 p.m. the day preceding publication (before 11 a.m. on Saturday. SATURDAY, MAY 15, 1954 VOL. LXIV, No. 158 N\otices many teaching opportunities on both the Elementary and High School level in this section of California. Before we are able to make definite plans as to having a representative from this district visit our campus we must have some idea- how many people would be interested in coming in for interviews. Anyone who is interested should contact the Bureau of Appointments, 3528 Ad- ministration Bldg., NO 3-1511, Ext. 489, immediately. We have some printed circulars about this area, and you are welcome to drop in and see them. Academic Notices Recommendations for Departmental History of Mathematics Seminar Mon., Honors. Teaching departments wishing May 17, 3 p.m., 3231 Angell Hall. Mr. to recommend tentative June graduates Frederick M. Lister will speak. from the College of Literature, Science, -4 +i,- ,.+a -4 + n gn nnl f Frdla 17, 1566 East Medical Building, at 2:30 p.m. Doctoral Examination for Joseph Lee Sutton, Political Science; thesis: "A Political Biography of Inukai Tsuyoshi," Mon., May 17, East Council Room, Rack- ham Bldg., at 2:30 p.m. Chairman, R. E. Ward. Doctoral Examination for Maurice Winton Riley, Musicology; thesis: "The Teaching of owed Instruments from 1511 to 1756," Mon., May 17, West Coun- cil Room, Rackham Building, at 3 p.m. Chairman, David Mattern, Concerts Midwestern Music Students sympos- ium, Friday, Saturday, and Sunday, May 14, 15, 16. First program will be given at 8:30 Friday evening in Audi- torium A, Angell Hall, when composi- tions by Michigan students will be played. Works by students of the Uni- versity of Illinois will be performed in the same auditorium at 10:00 Saturday morning, University of Iowa at 1:30 p.m., Northwestern University at 4:00 p.m. The Stanley Quartet will conclude the Saturday activities with a concert at 9:00 in Auditorium A. On Sunday morning The University Symphony Or- chestra, Josef Blatt, Conductor, will be heard in a concert of orchestral com- positions by students of the four uni- versities. This orchestra concert, con- cluding the three-day symposium, will be played at 10:00 in Hill Auditorium Sunday morning. The general public I Mir Ig~a 3al and the Arts, and the School or E uca tion for departmental honors (or high honors in the College of L.S.&A.) should recommend such students in a letter delivered to the Registrar's Office, 1513 Administration Building by noon on Mon., June '7, 1954. Attention June Graduates: College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, School of Education, School of Music, and School of Public Health. Students are advised not to request grades of I or X in June. When such grades are abso- lutely imperative, the work must be made up in time to allow your instruc- tor to report the make-up grade not later than noon on Mon., June 7, 1954. Grades received after that time may defer the student's graduation until a Melville Stout, Electrical Engineering; thesis: "A Step-by-Step Method for the1 Transient Analysis of Nonlinear Feed- back Systems," Sat., May 15, 2518 East Engineering Building, at 9 a.r sChair- man, S. S. Attwood. . Doctoral Examination for Lee Bigger- staff Copple, English Language and Lit- erature; thesis: "Three Related Themes of Hunger and Thirst, Homelessness, and Obscurity as Symbols of Privation, Renunciation, and Compensation in the Poems of Emily Dickinson," Sat., May 15, 2601 Haven Hal, at 9 a.m. Chair- man, Morris Greenhut. Doctoral Examination for Gertrude Sixty-Fourth Year Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. Editorial Staff Harry Lunn............Managing Editor Eric Vetter............ City Editor Virginia Voss.........Editorial Director Mike Wolff........Associate City Editor Alice B. Silver. Assoc. Editorial Director. Diane D. AuWerter.....Associate Editor Helene Simon..........Associate Editor Ivan Kaye .............Sports Editor Paul Greenberg.... Assoc. Sports Editor Marilyn Campbell.... Women's Editor Kathy Zeisler .. Assoc. Women's Editor Chuck Kelsey ...Chief Photographr Business Staff Thomas Treeger . Business Manager William Kaufman Advertising Manager Harlean Hankin ..Assoc. Business Mgr. William Seiden . .. Finance Manager Anita Sigesmund. Circulation Manager Telephone NO 23-24-1 I a later date. Buss Couch, Education; thesis: "A Con- Iwi be admited. parative Study of Teacher and Parent Late permission for women students Health perceptions of Children in Ele- Eve t To who attended "The Trip to Bountiful" mentary School," Sat., May 15, West on Monday, May 10, through Thurs., Council Room, Rackham Building, at The Inter-Arts Union will hold an May 13, will be no later than 11:35 p.m. 1:30 p.m. Chairman, M. E. Rugen. important meeting at the League Sat- SDurday afternoon at 2. All those involved seiors in the School of Music. Get Doctoral Examination for Rhda Mar- with the finances of the recent Festi- your caps and gowns in the lobby of quita Michaels, Epidemiologic Science; val are requested to attend. I