IT'S TIME FOR A 12-FOLD CHANGE See Page 4- ILv *6 1 tr43 gU ' Latest Deadline in the State 4br :43 a t ty L PARTLY CLOUDY, MILD nnm- VOL. LXIV, No. 50 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 1953 SIX PAGES I N Debate Opens Conference On Education Higher Learning Studies Revealed By PAT ROELOFS Reports from a Commission on Financing Higher Education and President Truman's Commission on Higher Education resulted in. unexpected debate at the first ses- sion of the Conference on Higher Education which met in Rackham Amphitheater yesterday. Miami University President John D. Millett made the open- ing talk before 225 representatives from Michigan colleges, giving findings on financing higher edu- cation made since the war. - - - AMERICAN society requires two kinds of education Millett assert- ed, common schooling which pro- vides literary improvement for the entire population, and higher edu- cation for the development of per- sons with higher intellectual ca- pacity and unusual talents. The top 25% of the popula- tion is intellectually equipped for study of abstract ideas pre- sented in college Millett declar- ed, and less than half of these attend college. Inadequate so- cial and individual motivation are reasons for failure to go into higher education, he observed. But standards in higher educa- tion should not be sacrificed by creating "community colleges," ex- tending. high school to 13th and 14th years, and patterning insti- tutions of higher learning after primary and secondary schools, he argued. Laborers and artisans are needed in our society and can suf- ficiently fit into their occupations with only 12 years of schooling ac-. cording to the Finance Commis- sion report given by Millett. Educatior) in leadership is the contribution higher education is aiming for, he continued. To ad- vance man's knowledge and to as- sist in the utilization of that knowledge is the goal, this know- ledge should be applied to a re- stricted area to be most effective, according to Millett. * * *. ANSWERING charges made by Millett that the President's Com- mission on Higher Education ad- vocated lowering education stand- ards by making two more years of schooling available to the masses, Chancellor Thomas R. McConnell of Buffalo University opened his speech with a statement that "all people having innate capacities should be allowed to develop them, not just the intellectually elite." Free minds must be developed by training, and increasing the number of students brought to college will increase that free- dom, he remarked. Using reports of former Harvard President James Conant as support, he argued that "values of human education should be shared, not hoarded by u few." Democracy is based on the be- lief that a large body of educated and responsible citizens make up society and are capable of gov- erning themselves, he pointed out. Concluding his speech McConnell said that it is important to extend education beyond the high school level for a larger segment of so- ciety in order to increase the value of democracy. * STATISTICS revealing that an amazing small percent of college graduates are occupied in their field of concentration were re- ported by Dael Wolfle, director of the thisrd commission study on Human Resources and Advanced Training. Reading figures computed from records of University and Ohio State University graduates of 1930, 1940 and 1951, Wolfle showed that students studying for professional work are more apt to remain in that field when finished with col- lege preparation than are liberal arts majors. The social advantage of this oc- cupational mobility, he observed, is that changing labor supply and demand can be better met, re- ducing unemployment and facil- litating industry change. Panel Discusses School Freedom Agrees Some Investigating Groups Do Good Jobs; Differs on Methods By DOROTHY MYERS Members of the-first forum on Academic Freedom agreed yester- day that some legislative investigating committees have done "worth while jobs," but widely differed concerning results of methods used by some Congressional committees. Discussing the topic "The Effect of Congressional Investigations on Education" were Frank Blackford, legislative secretary for Gov. G. Mennen Williams, Philip Hart, legal consultant for the State and George Sallade, President of the Ann Arbor City Council. OPENING THE FORUM, Sallade defined academic freedom as "the right of any individual to engage in any pursuit or study that is not contradictory to the laws of the country if the individual is not a member of a group or organiza- tiontna prmots ieasconrar I Ex-Red Tells Of 'School' Experiences PHILADELPHIA-(P)-A teach- er who admitted one-time Com- munist allegiance told investi- gators yesterday that the Reds ran secret schools for subversion in the New York City area and guard- ed the instructors so closely that none ever was allowed to be alone. Mrs. Dorothy Kelso Funn, Brooklyn, described by counsel for the House Un-American Activities subcommittee, as a "friendly wit- ness," led off the second day of hearings into alleged Communist scheming in the Philadelphia area. * * * AVOWEDLY a Communst Party member seven years-until 1946- Mrs. Funn, a Negro, said she for- sook the party in disillusionment, convinced that its promises to help her race were false. Mrs. Funn said she has taught in New York Public school system 26 years, except for the period be- tween 1943 and 1947. The subcommittee, chairman- ed by Rep. Velde (R-Ill.) is ex- pected to call about 30 Philadel- phia teachers before it winds up its investigation here today or tomorrow. Mrs. Funn testiflied that the Communist Party took groups of teachers to hideaways-usually farms or camps-in New York suburban and other outlying areas. There, she continued,nschools were conducted onCommunist themes. Arid Communist teachers, she said, were constantly under surveillance; they inever were per- mitted to be alone, indoors or out. Opera Accepts Hail Orders Mail orders are now being ac- cepted for the 1953 Union Opera, "Up 'N' Atom," playing locally from Dec. 9 through 11. According to general chairman Mike Scherer, '54, many good seats for the Wednesday and Thursday performances are available, al- though most of the tickets for he Friday performance have been sold. A satire on home brew, atomic energy and Tennessee hill folks, the Opera script was written by Howard Nemerovski, '54E. Tickets are priced at $2.25, $1.75 and $1.25. Selective Service. . Students taking the Selective Service College Qualification Test tomorrow are requested by offi- cials to report at 8:30 a.m. tomor- row to Rm. 100, Hutchins Hall. tion that promotes ideas contrary to the laws of the United States." This definition, he explained, would exclude any Communists from teaching. He a d d e d, "Teachers cannot use their vo- cation as an ivory tower in which to hide from Congressional in- vestigations." No one who has appeared before an investigating committee, Sal- lade said, has been wrongly harm- ed by the committee. Academic Freedom is as free as the limi- tations which law imposes upon it, he added. - * * * BLACKFORD, however, claimed there is a popular disregard for civil liberties today, saying that the disregard usually always arrives during a war and remains for a time after the war. "My concern," he said, "comes when a committee uses its posi- tion to exercise a political force or to advance the political for- tunes of the committee chair- man." Such abuses, he added, inhibit both the instructor and the stu- dent. Various investigations in fields other than education; Black- ford asserted, have sometimes in- hibited the teacher from doing his job of seeking out the facts. * * * HART claimed "ideas can b dangerous things, but the sup- pression of ideas can be fatal. Freedom is a dangerous way of life," he continued, "but it is our way oflife." In order to maintain our heri- tage of freedom, the attorney said, "our society must tolerate heresy, but not treason or con- spiracy." Hart advocated that certain "ground rules," inherent in a dem- ocratic approach to people bewrit- ten into rules utilized by Congre- sional committees. Among such rules, he explained would be those requiring commit- tees to tell witnesses what charges individuals have levied against them and who made the, charges in advance of their appearance be- fore the committee. I "The fault today can be more seriously directed at educators who read what is on the printed page rather than saying what they think and take the consequences," Hart said, adding "it is time for the academician to realize he can- not put on the Fifth Amendment as a cloak." In a question period following the panel, Sallade claimed the Fifth Amendment existed to "pro- teet individual rights and to guar- antee rights to the innocent." He also phrased the question, "in- voking the Amendment assumes guti;, doesn't it?" Prof. Preston W. Slosson of the history department moderato of the forum, said that while there have been some local violations of the rights of students to hear out- side speakers, the freedom of Uni- versity professors has not yet been restricted." Michigras A mass meeting for all stu- dents interested in working on Michigras committees will be held at7:30 p.m. today in the Union ballroom, according to general chairmen Gretchen Meier, '54, and Hal Abrams, '54. Movies of the last Michigras will be shown. The theme of the 1954 car- nival and parade, to be held April 23 and 24, will be an- nounced during the meeting. Red, Ex-Red Spar, Cause Court Tie-Up DETROIT - (A) - Nat Ganley, one of six defendants in Detroit's communist conspiracy trial, at- tempted throughout yesterday to impeach John. Lautner, the Fed- eral government's star witness and admitted former communist. Ganley challenged Lautner's knowledge of Communist party structure and his knowledge of the party line after 1940 and 1949. The Vorhies 'Act, requiring party members to register as enemy aliens was passed in 1940. The Smith Act making it illegal to conspire to advocate or teach violent overthrow of the American government was pass- ed in 1949. Ganley and his five co-defend- ants are accused of Smith Act violation and could be sentenced to five years if convicted. Ganley was the first of the de- fendants to take over the ques- tioning. The unorthodox questions and Lautner's rambling answers drew several warnings from Fed- eral Judge Frank Picard. * * * ' IN TRYING to impeach Lautner, Ganley challenged his knowledge of the Party's structure in draw- ing up an organizational chart and in the convolutions of the Party line after 1940 and 1949. 1940 is significant because the Vorhies Act was passed and 1949 marks the passage of the Smith Act. Ganley dueled with Lautner concerning the meaning of "revo- lution" and whether such a revo- lution could be effected by peace- ful means or if it must be by vio- lence. It was Lautner's ninth day on the stand in the four weeks old trial. Lawson Talks On Civil Law Form and sources of the civil law were discussed yesterday by Prof. Frederick H. Lawson of Ox- ford University in the second of the Cooley series of lectures on "A Common Lawyer Looks at the Civil Law." In today's speech at 4:15 p.m. in Rm. 120 Hutcfilns Hall, Prof. Lawson will talk on "The Contri- bution of Roman Law." The pub- lic is invited. Warship Searches British Freighter HONG KONG-P)--The 1,791- ton British freighter Inchulva sig- naled the Royal Navy at Hong Kong yesterday it was intercepted by ap unidentified warship, for the second time in eight days off the Chinese Communist port of Wenchow. . The vessel radioed it had been boarded and searched and a few hours later released to continue its voyage to Shanghai. Hoover Aided]I CIO Leader$ Asks Firm Of Brownell Censures Charges Against Truman CLEVELAND-(AP)-A top CIO leader yesterday called for Attor- ney General Herbert Brownell's resignation. On the heels of this demand, the CIO convention formally con- demned Brownell's charges against former President Truman as "a disgraceful chapter in American history." JOSEPH A. Beirne, president of the Communication Workers, drew applause from 700 convention del- egates when he called for Brown- ell to quit "for malfeasance in of- fice and for not carrying out his constitutional duties." Brownell's charges that Tru- man promoted the late Harry Dexter White in the government service, despite FBI reports that DE White was accused of being a An Communist spy, have stirred a m nationwide storm. str Beirne was arguing for adop- im ttion of the resolution blasting Brownell, and it was adopted un- animously. It said Eisenhower was right in disapproving issuance of a Con- gressional committee subpoena for Truman, but added: L "At the same time we cannot withhold our criticism of Presi- dent Eisenhower for having left to a member of his Cabinet the license to make this unwarranted and attack on the patriotism of a for- of ea mer President." I Red w --Daiiy-Don Campbell EDICATION-Prof. Arthur D. Moore of the engineering school, nn Arbor alderman, was among the speakers at dedication cere- onies at the new Maynard Street carport yesterday. The $400,00 ucture has a capacity of 422 cars, and is the latest advancement provement of parking facilities in the city. aynard Carport Opens ases Parking Problem By WALLY EBERHARD The Maynard Street carport was opened to the public yesterday formal dedication ceremonies reviewed local progress in the area, sing the parking problem. Pointing out that structure along with other parking facilities ughout the city were made possible without "a cent of the tax- ,'s money," Mayor William E. Brown, Jr., spoke briefly at the cation services on the open third floor of the structure. Mayor Brown commented the carport, holding 422 autos, was at one-half the cost per space of the first Ann Arbor carport _- ''at the corner of Ashley and Wash- Denies Truman Investigation Worli News Roundup By The Associated Press NEW YORK-Sen. Joseph R. McCarthy (R-Wis.) yesterday de- manded radio and television time to answer former President Tru- man's reference to him yesterday. The National Broadcasting Co. said it wired McCarthy an offer of time. throu paye dedic built Says Move 'Hampered' Surveillance 'No Comment' Truman Replies WASHINGTON -- () - FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover swore yesterday that former President Truman's promotion of Harry Dexter White to the International Monetary Fund "hampered" FB surveillance of the alleged Soviet spy. This testimony, which exploded a newv sensation in the drama- crammed case, came less than 24 hours after Truman told a nation- wide TV audience that he let the promotion go through so as not to "endanger" the FBI investiga- tion. His argument was that to fire White would have tipped an alleged spy ring that it was under surveillance. HOOVER, on the other hand, declared that he warned high Ad- ministration officials that White was "unfit" for office and that it would be "unwise" to keep him. At no time, Hoover stressed, was the FBI a party to any agreement to shift White from assistant secretary of the treas- ury to U.S. director of the mone- tary fund, although on Tru-' man's orders the FBI did con- tinue to watch White after the transfer. Yesterday Attorney G e n e r a Herbert Brownell 'whom TrUrn accused of lying, broke an eight- year seal of secrecy on FBI re- ports, sent to the White House during the Truman Administra- tion, which told of the wholesale theft of U.S. secrets by an alleged Soviet spy ring within the govern- ment. TESTIFYING with Brownell at a tense congressional hearing, Hoover disclosed that the FBI de- livered seven separate warnings to the White House, not two as reported earlier, dealing with es- pionage and specifically men- tioning Harry Dexter White. This was in the period from Nov. 8, 1945 to July 24, 1946. The attorney general partially lifted the lid from reports to doc- ument his politically explosive charge that former Presidert Tru- man promoted White to a high post in the International Mone- tary Fund in the face of repeated FBI warnings that White was link- ed to a Soviet espionage apparat- us. At a crowded hearing before the Senate internal security sub- committee, Brownell said Hoover warned the White House in No- vember 1945 that a network of Communist spies was transmit- ting U.S. government secrets to Moscow-and named names, in- cluding White and at least 11 others, as the sources, whether wittingly or not, of the stolen data. Truman appointed White, then an assistant secretary of the Treasury, to the monetary fund Jan. 23, 1946. The Senate confirmed the nom- ination on Feb. 6, 1946. The magnitude of the spy ring's operations-at least in the bulk of documents transmitted to Moscow -was brought out in a "top se- cret" letter, declassified by Brow- nell only Monday, written by Hoo- ver to Maj. Gen. Harry H. Vaugh an (Retired), then Truman's White House military aide, on Nov. 8, 1948. Senior Society Singing "In and out the halls we wander . .." members of Sen- ior Society, independent women's honorary, tapped nine women last night in honor of their ,scholar- ship, leadership and service. LANSING - The Washtenaw County Civil Defense Agency has received an invitation to at- tend a course on mass feeding in event of disaster. The course, conducted by the office of Civil Defense in co- operation with Fifth Army Headquarters and the Detroit Field Artillery unit, will be for representatives of 11 other coun- ties Dec. 12 in Detroit. , , ,C CHICAGO-Issuance of 10 sub- poenas ordering Chicago area per- sons to appear in Detroit Monday before a House subcommittee in- iestigating allegeddlabor racke- teering was disclosed yesterday. FT. BRAGG, N. C.-A crip- pled C119 Flying Boxcar sliced down through a cloud of para- troopers helplessly dangling in their chutes, killing seven, then carried eight men aboard it to fiery deaths as it crashed into a woods on this Army reservation yesterday. PANMUNJOM - The Commu- nists yesterday indicated they had dropped their demands for a Kor- ean round-table peace conference but still would' insist on non-bel- ligerents-including Russia - sit- ting in to insure a "harmonious atmosphere." NOT LOST: 'Three R's' Still Taught The "three R's" are definitely not a lost art in today's progres- sive schools. This is the assertion of Prof. William C. Trow of the education school, in a radio program pre- pared by the University Broad- casting Service for distribution to radio -stations throughout the State. "That just isn't so," lYe declares. 'One of my colleagues in another institution took test papers which were given to children thirty years ago. A group of children in school today were given the same ques- tions. They did better than their parents had, as the children of a generation ago." ington. Future plans sketdhed by the Mayor included a possible au- tomatic carport at Main and Wil- liams Streets. * * * PAUL C. WAGNER, president of the Retail Merchants Division of the Chamber of Commerce, prais- ed the Mayor for his work in im- proving Ann Arbor's parking f a- cilities and presented him with the design of a bronze plaque in his honor which will be placed on the building later. Professor Arthur D. Moore of the engineering school, city al- derman, also spoke briefly at the ceremonies and cited the parking problem as one which could only be solved by public action outside of thie realm of private enterprise: Costing $422,000 and financed entirely by a bond issue, the May- nard Street building may be ex- panded two floors upward if the need arises. RAIN OR SNOW? Temperature MayDrop For 'M'-OSU Grid Tilt By WOODY GUERNSEY There is an even chance that the current unseasonal warm snap may lift in time to bathe the Buckeyes and Wolverines Saturday after- noon in either rain or snow. Or the precipitation may hold off until Sunday, but either way, CURRICULUM CHANGING: LS&A Group Studies Improvements +1-,e +ntv nvn+lirn +hic xxroalrnr rl -will r~-nhahly ha rnnlPr than the shirt- By FREDDI LOEWENBERG Meeting weekly, the group To most students, the college considers the departmental pro- curriculum is something that is grams, continually going over as old as the Bible and as un- present requirements and oper- changed through the years, ac- risnderemendinper- cording to Assistant Dean J. H. ations and recommending fur- Robertson of the literary college. ther changes and improvements Iin existing courses. The literary college, believing Special emphasis is placed on any curriculum adopted by the seeing that distribution and con- faculty should be considered ex- centration courses fit the needs; perimental and open to continu- of the student with the committeei I -1-L- --.a * I cents and counselors to obtain g I their viewpoint. BOSTON-Harold C. Case, pres-! Special attention has been ident of Boston University, said paid to courses designed for yesterday he will -"call attention" those nbt concentrating in the to the Board of Tustees that FBI department, with survey courses documents linked Prof. Maurice instituted for those who wish Halperin with a Soviet spy net- only an introduction to the field. work. Most important project of the group at present is a review of individual course changes neces- OV er o peak me tempera.ute uns weeenau wij nfpruuuiyoeJ n wm 4 -.7111 -4 sleeve weather enjoyed by students last week. game Saturday, it will resemble the 1952 finale when OSU snapped THE WEATHERMAN has ten- Michigan's seven year monopoly. tatively scheduled the moisture Ohio State quarterback Johnny. and dropping mercury under Borton defied the drizzle and cloudy skies for some time during darkness with his pinpoint passing, the weekend, but he's not sure just coming out with a 27-7 count. when it will be. The year before, the Michigan He does expect temperatures stadium was bathed in cold sun- to start back to "normal" some- shine, while the Wolves snared a time tonight. defensive battle, 7-0. To some students the warmth And in 1950 probably the most