PAGE FOUR THE MICHIGAN DAILY WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1953 MM tie te ". . . Or Do You Want Me To Do The Talking?" MATTER OF FACT By JOSEPH ALSOP By HARRY LUNN Daily Managing Editor lUCH ATTENTION has been given in recent weeks by Daily columnists Drew Pearson and the Alsops to "Operation Can- dor," President Eisenhower's program for educating America to the immediate threat of hydrogen bomb war and the necessary defenses needed to counteract the threat. But "Operation Candor" has evidently been toned down, and it now appears that the nation is not to be let in on the background of what will probably be the President's largest policy decision thus far. Briefly, the President must decide, in face of increased Russian hydrogen pow- er technology, whether to allow tax cuts to go through and cut back defenses to hold the budget in line, or whether to levy new taxes and hike defense spend- ing to counteract the Russian threat. The decision is complicated by the influence such decisions have on the nation's pros- perity. The current effort to achieve a balanced budget at almost any expense was intended to curb inflation by draining off high profits and incomes through tax- es and by avoiding increases in the debt which can expand inflation. Repently, however, soft spots have devel- ,ped in certain economic sectors, mainly the automobile industry, giving rise to busi- ness fears of recession. Should recession pressures mount, a continued attempt at budget balancing would tend to stimulate deflation, while a cut in taxes might stimu- late spending and contribute to, restoration of equilibrium. Economic considerations, though import- ant, cannot form the basis of the ultimate Presidential plan. The final decision must be made in terms of national security des. pite the paradoxical situation in which pro- motion of defense may be at the expense of national economic stability. Instability has, in fact, been encouraged by the Administra- tion promises of abolishment of excess pro- fits taxes in January and possible easing of personal income taxes at the same time. The excess profits tax commitment must be carried through because Congress will never renew the tax. This places the Presi- dent in a position where the best he can achieve is a moderate deficit even if the proposed manufacturers tax is levied. The manufacturers' tax will replace levies being cut off, but the gap between receipts and ex- penditures will still be there, particularly if the government goes ahead on additional defense spending not contemplated when the budget was made up, but necessary be- cause of the startling developments in Rus- sian power. There is considerable question over pub- lic acceptability of new taxes at this time unless the President goes through com- pletely with "Operation Candor." Certain- ly Eisenhower is the one man that can make the public realize the brutal neces- sities caused by the Russian development --necessities not understood by a public which still believes "it can't happen here" when the hydrogen bomb threat is dis- cussed. Perhaps the largest factor in last Novem- ber's Eisenhower landslide was the leader- ship which the public felt was innate in the President-leadership which must be shown now if the same public is expected to support necessary defense expenditures will force further sacrifices on them. -'w....--..._... Nonaggression Pacts - An Effective Beginning By VIRGINIA VOSS, Daily Editorial Director AN E ST-WEST nonaggression pact, as a vaguely outlined concept, has been mud- dled over in diplomatic minds on both sides of the Atlantic since Sir Winston Churchill initiated the idea last May. Purposes behind advancing such a pact have always been relatively clear: some indication of Russian intentions could be deduced from whatever reply the Soviet Union offered, and, provided the Russians returned nonaggression assurances, the atmosphere of security thus built up could make settlement of specific issues easier. Skepticism as to Premier Malenkov's sin. cerity in stating last April that there were no issues which could not be settled by "mutual understanding" has turned the West towards "mutual security" as an in- ternational goal Until the past few weeks, however, the pact concept received little amplification. Last month, Adlai Stevenson brought the matter into the open again in' his Chicago speech. Last week, he took it to Eisenhower and Dulles, and although reports indicat- ed that the pact was being considered, the form and direction that nonaggression as- surances would take was still undefined. In Dulles' news conference yesterday, the nonaggression pact was outlined as a defi- nite diplomatic move. The Secretary of State indicated that the United States was hold- ing discussions with Britain, France and West Germany on the possibility of formal- A GIRL CAN TELL-by F. Hugh Herbert, starring Janet Blair, Tod Andrews, Ted McGrath and Marshall Thompson. T WAS EXCEEDINGLY daring of Mr. Her- bert to choose Detroit as one of the spots to test and mellow his new comedy before its Broadway opening. Detroit has always been a fine town for baseball and hockey, but pretty irrational when it comes to the theater. On second thought, however, Mr. Her- bert wasn't taking too great a risk. In fact, he is really rather sage. In "A Girl Can Tell" he has a Detroit type play that aud- iences roared over in Columbus and should certainly enjoy even in New York. And once some too lengthy spots are elimi- nated, he undoubtedly has a comedy that audiences will make a hit providing they can ignore the superior scorn the critics and a supra-sophisticated first-night aud- ience will assiduously offer. Mr. Herbert has discovered the way to an audiences heart-a light comedy of youth and innocense with just enough frank sex to shock the white gloved dowager without embarrassing her. He proved his plot hypoth- esis in "The Moon is Blue" and "Kiss and Tell" and darned if he's going to relinquish it and darned if I'd be the first to suggest he do so. As shopworn as the gimmick might be, the resulting product on display at the Cass is ly assuring Russia against German aggres- sion. Somewhat more nebulous was Dulles' announcement that the United States "would be glad to" reassure Russia as to our in- tentions in Austria and Korea. The continual substitution of the word "assurances" for "pact" is significant-- and certainly advisable. The primary aim of the West in promoting nonaggression pledges is a psychological one. And this aim could easily be defeated if an attempt was made to embody the assurances in an East-West military treaty or to set down an explicit definition of "nonaggression" in military terms. Dulles' type of "pact" undoubtedly took the direction it did be- cause of Sen. Knowland's sharp criticism of what he understood Stevenson's "pact" to be-an unconditional pledge to the So- viet Union which would freeze the East ern satellites within the Iron Curtain. Whatever pressures lie behind present for- mulation of a nonaggression policy, it seems clear that the United States will back this policy in answer to the need for Western initiative to break the East-West stalemate and to sound out Soviet intentions. It has not been indicated as yet whether we in- tend to promote nonaggression assurances-- or rather reassurances-to the exclusion of top-level conferences or to clear the way for them. In view of the primarily psychol- ogical piurposes of the proposed assurances, however, it would seem that any such plegdes are merely a beginning-albeit an effective one-to any concrete East-West settlement. MA Janet Blair plays a 35 year old none-too- matronly matron whose 15 year old daugh- ter manages to become engaged under an abstraction in the museum of modern art and unengaged a half hour later, alarming Mother Blair somewhat. his sets Mother Blair to reminiscing over a scrapbook of old beaus' photos. Said reminiscences are di- vided into three acts, ranging from deplor- ingly slow to sqillfully swift in tempo. It seems that as a naive but willing to learn enghteen-year-old, Miss Blair was inclined to be even more fickle than her modern day offspring. A half dozen adoring swains spend a good portion of the play in long embraces with Miss Blair proving te'- mparative value as future husbands. 1 these Ca- vorting eligibles are wrapped about Miss Blair's little finger. One, Mr. Tod Andrews, is evasive but the animal in him cannot re- sist her charms. While Mr. Andrews' at- tempts at resisting restore my faith in the innatecruelty of the human male, his ani- mal gestures (while having the desired ef- fect on our white gloved dowager) are no excuse for lack of acting ability. (As the reader can probably note Mr. Andrews has set up a terrific struggle between the wo- man and the reviewer.) Mr. Herbert's gimmick reveals itself in the epilogue. Whom did Miss Blair mar- ry? As the author proceeds to tease the audience by presenting first one and then another of the beaus as HIM we can see HONG KONG - The most critical, the most discussed and the least understood relationship in the modern world is the relationship between the Soviet Union and Communist China. Here in Hong Kong, one at least finds some pretty good clews to the general nature of this relationship. It turns out that the way to guess what goes on be- tween Malenkov and Mao Tse-tung is by remembering two experiences of the recent past. The first of these experiences, curiously enough, is America's war-time experience with the Chinese government of General- issimo Chiang Kai-shek. For the few Americans who grasped what was really going on in Chungking in war- time, one point stood out. The American aid which the Generalissimo needed so bad- ly was the blue chip of Chungking politics. The Chinese officials who could, so to speak, bring home the American bacon, automat- ically rose in influence and power. American policy making was so innocent that this wonderful lever was never used as it might have been. In fact the lever was often allowed to work in reverse, as in the row about the dismissal of Gen. Stilwell in 1943, which temporarily placed the Chung- king government in the hands of the most corrupt, reactionary and anti-American members of the Generalissimo's palace guard. The fact remains, however, that the lever of American aid had infinite potentiali- ties and could have been used to reconstruct Chiang's feeble and demoralized regime. What one dimly but definitely sees in Peking at this time is a quite conscious and tough-minded political use by Moscow of the lever of Russian aid, which is just about as important to Peking as American aid was to Chungking. There are discernible factions in Peking- for example, the extreme pro-Moscow red hots, like Li Li-san-have clearly formed up behind the number two man in the Chi- nese government, Chou En-lai. Again, there are younger men coming up, like Liu Shao- chi, the organizer of Manchuria, Kao Kang, and the new armed forces chief, Lin Piao. Both in China's industrial development and military build up, Russian aid plays a vital part. Thus in every contest for power and influence, in every change of top personnel, in every factional intrigue, the ability to work easily with the Rus- sians is an immense asset for an ambi- tious Chinese. The Russians are unques- tionably using this fact to promote the rise of officials whom they regard as loyal to Moscow. This does not mean that Malenkov is try- ing to unseat Mao Tse-tung by promoting people who are personally opposed to Mao. There is no evidence that Mao's primacy in China and Asia has ever been challenged. But it does mean that the Peking govern- ment as a whole is gradually, probably im- perceptibly, becoming more and more at- tached and obedient to Moscow's leadership. * * * * T HE SECOND experience that casts light on the Mao-Malenkov relationship is the great Yugoslav Rebellion. Here the point to note is that the split with Moscow at first caused most of the Yugoslav leaders to suf- fer all the agonies of religious men losing their personal faith. They did not want it. Stalin obligingly drove them to it. Even Stalin, mean and tyrannical as he was,. applied the Yugoslav lesson in his dealings with the Chinese. Stalin's heirs are being far more astute and cautious than Stalin was. For all these reasons the widespread hopes of a Peking-Moscow split are plain silly at this time. Both in London and Washington, for example, it was official doctrine that North Korea had become a Chinese satellite. Friction was foreseen when Moscow's control of North Korea was plainly proven, but ravaged North Korea must now be reconstructed and the North Korean army is already being rebuilt to equal the forces controlled by Syngman Rhee. The Chinese are no more able to , take on this additional burden in North Korea than the British were able to con- tinue to carry the burden in Greece and Turkey which they passed to us. More generally, there can be little doubt that the Chinese now regard inter- national communism as a great band-j wagon of power, in the front seat of which they are privileged to sit. If this is true, Peking will not begin to argue with the bandwagon's Moscow driver until the bandwagon falters and goes into reverse. And that time is too remote to be in- teresting for now. There are other wishful nonsenses that had better be forgotten as well. For in- stance the Trans-Siberian Railway now has an annual carrying capacity of 11,000,000 to 15,000,000 tons a year. An additional 60,000 tons a week are being brought into Chinese ports by Soviet, satellite and neutral bottoms. Some Hong Kong shipping firms with British registry may deal under the table, but British exports to China are only a trivial fraction of China's imports, and are almost wholly composed of non-strategic materials. In these circumstances yammer- ing that we can cripple China by stopping British and other allied trade with China is about on a par with the magical bull- roaring of the Australian aborigines. The great guerrilla movement in China is another myth-the anti-Communist guer- rillas are far less numerous than the Ameri- can underworld and a good deal better 1 -"'t Y 4 u t - . - 4A..' .,, ,". v ",,A .ry pw e W M1 ,...,,,,,.,o~ .., ..w Reprinted from September 25, 19491 ill 7 -_ - --Il ON THE WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND WITH DREW PEARSON WASHINGTON-For more than four months the sun has continued to shine with sickening monotony gn the parched fields of southern Missouri and northern Arkansas. Farmers watching their fields slowly wither away have prayed hopefully for rain, but there's been no rain since May 17. Meanwhile they have seen their fields blacken, their water holes dry up and their cattle weaken, sometimes die. Their situation is similar to that in Texas and the Southwest generally, except that in Texas it rained briefly, though now the sun is shining relentlessly again. Meanwhile, the Department of Agriculture has moved at snail's pace to dole out drought relief to Missouri farmers. In Texas, Ben- son's boys have done somewhat better. As of this writing, only 99 Missouri farmers have received a total of only $172,700. That's an average of $1,740 apiece. In contrast, Texas farmers have received an average of about $13,000 apiece. A healthy $4,277,130 has gone to Texas against Mis- souri's $172,700, and 328 Texas farmers have been aided against Mis- souri's 99. Another 153 Missouri farmers are still trying to get drought loans. They are asking for only $220,100, while the 101 remaining unre- lieved Texas farmers are asking for $1,280,695. APPEAL TO ARMY SEN. TOM HENNINGS of Missouri, traveling through the blackened fields of his native state, has been trying to push this relief. However, he finds that bigger farmers are generally favored as good enough risks to borrow money for drought relief. Smaller farmers aren't good risks; many may be wiped out. "What Missouri farmers need most," Hennings concluded, "is not money but hay." Accordingly he sent a telegram to President Eisenhower and Sec- retary of Agriculture Benson pointing out that plenty of hay was to be found in Minnesota, the Dakotas and the Northwest for $20 a ton, but the cost of transporting it from those areas to Missouri and Ar- kansas was an additional $20 a ton, making the $40 total cost to drought-stricken farmers prohibitive. Therefore, Hennings proposed to Eisenhower that the U.S. Army, which has a large armada of trucks in the middle west, use its per- sonnel and trucks to haul hay to the drought-stricken southwest. "Secretary Brannan organized a hay lift to Utah and Nevada dur- ing the severe snowstorms of 1949," Hennings points out. "The Air Force at that time dumped hay from the air on snowbound cattle, with the Air Force paying for the cost of the hay lift. The farmers paid for the hay, but they never could have paid for the air transportation. "We also organized an air lift to Berlin when that city was isolated by events beyond its control. Now, with farmers of the southwest suffering from a catastrophe beyond their control, I believe they should have the same help." As of this writing, Hennings has received no reply from Wash- ington. NOTE 1-Ex-Secretary of Agriculture Brannan, when queried by this column regarding the cost of previous drought relief, said: "The farmers paid for the cost of the hay, and the Government paid for the transportation. It may have cost us a little extra, but on the whole I don't think we were out much. In 1949 the Air Force absorbed the cost of the hay lift to snowbound cattle, and last year we got spe- cial rates to ship hay from Wisconsin to Kentucky, Tennessee, Okla- homa and parts of Pennsylvania. I think we went in the red a little, but it seemed to me important that we step right in and act in a hurry.' NOTE 2-Inquiries at the Agriculture Department showed that so far Secretary Benson has shipped feed but no hay to drought areas. IKE'S PRESS THANKS TO AN alert young New York Irishman, President Eisen- hower's press relations have gone pretty well. Jim Hagerty, who got a lot of practice piloting the sometimes tempestuous Tom Dewey, has done a superb job.for the new President, tried to wean him away from his original suspicion of newspapermen-a suspicion which he once expressed privately at his Commodore Hotel headquarters as follows: "Every time I walk down the corridor past the press," he said, "I feel as if they had their feet out trying to trip me." However, Hagerty's careful schooling and Ike's own self-control pretty well evaporated last week in a press conference as raucous as ary in Truman's day. Last week's press conference, incidentally, was held after the longest lapse of time between Presidential conferences in 21 years- two months and ten days. Not since Hoover's day had there been such a long hiatus. This, however, was not why the working press gave Ike the rasp- berry last week. Nor was it caused by the fact that Attorney-General Brownell had called four pro-Ike papers to his home-the N.Y. Times, N.Y. Herald Tribune, Chicago Daily News and Scripps-Howard Chain-to leak the advance tip of Governor Warren's appointment. It is true that Pete Brandt of the St. Louis Post Dispatch tangled vigorously with the President on this, and for the first time there occurred a stiff, brief argument between the President of the United States and a Newsman. But this was not as important as the general atmosphere between Ike and the 200-odd working newsmen who faced him. It was an atmosphere of skepticism. of disbelief, an atmoshere which gave rise LDAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN fettePJ TO THE EDITOR The Daily welcomes communications from Its readers on matters of general interest, and will publish all letters which are signed by the writer and in good taste. Letters exceeding 300 words in length, defamatory or libelous letters, and letters which for any reason are not in good taste will be condensed, edited or withheld from publication at the discretion of the editors. #: (Continued from Page 2) en. All tend. junior girls are urged to at- Thurs., Oct. 8, at 4 p.m. in 3409 Mason Hall. Dr. William J. McGill, of Massa- chusetts Institute of Technology, will speak on "Multivariate Attribute Analy- sis." Seminar in Applied Mathematics will meet Thurs., Oct. 8, at 4 p.m. in 247 West Engineering. Professor C. L. Doph will continue his talk on "The Con- jugate Gradient Method for Solving Linear Algebraic Equations." Make-up Examinations in History on Sat., Oct. 10, 9 to 12 M., 2413 Mason Hall. See your instructor for permission and then sign list in History Office. Seminar in Hilbert Spaces will meet on Wednesdays at 7 p.m. in 247 West Engineering. The first meeting will be October 7. DoctoralExamination for Frank Bruce, Lamb, Forestry; thesis: "Utili- zation, Distribution, and Management of Tropical American Mahogany' Thurs., Oct. 8, 3047 Natural Science Building, at 2 p.m. Chairman, K. P. Davis. Concerts Carillon Recital. Sidney Giles, As- sistant University Carillonneur, will continue his series of fall programs at 7:15 Thursday evening, Oct. 8. The recital will include works by M. van den Gheyn, Staf Nees, Anton Dvoark, and a group of folk songs. Other pro- grams will be played on Thursday evenings through October. Events Today The Political Science Coffee Hour will be held today at 4 p.m. on the second floor terrace of the Michigan Union. All students and faculty members are in- vited. Prof. Peek will be present. Meet the Press. Find out "What It's Like to Be a Newsman in Calcutta, Baghdad, Amsterdam, Athens, and Par- is"-an informal program in observance of National Newspaper Week, 8 to 10 p.m., Wed., Oct. 7, 1447 Mason Hall. Sponsored by the Department of Journalism, especially for freshmen and other new students on the cam- pus to become acquainted with De- partment facilities, staff members, and journalism students-such as the five foreign editors and newsmen on the I panel discussion. Exhibits, tours, and refreshments. American Chemical Society Lecture. 8 p.m., 1300 Chemistry Building. Dr. Thomas L. Gresham will speak on "B- Proplolactone." Summer Projects Evening. Discus- sion of interesting and profitable -ways of spending your summer by students who have traveled, worked, participated in summertprojects. Everyone welcome. Refreshments. Lane Hall, 7:30 p.m. Pershing Rifiles. All Pershing Rifle- men will report to the Rifle Range at 1925 hrs. Uniforms will not be worn. Wear old clothes, as we will be cleaning our, own Springfield 03's, which are packed in cosmoline. Instruction will be provided. The Lutheran Student Association tea and coffee hour will be held this aft- ernoon from 4:00 to 5:30 p.m. at the Student Center, corner of Hill and For- est Ave. Roger Williams Guild. Wednesday afternoon tea at the Guild House from 4:30 to 6:00. Delta Sigma Pi, professional business administration fraternity, will hold its weekly meeting at 7:15 p.m. tonight. Dean Stevenson, of the School of Busi- ness Administration, will address the actives and the new pledges of the chapter. Young Republicans. General meet- ing Thurs., Oct. 8 at 7:30 p.m. in the Union. Enrollment of new members. Speaker: David W. Kendall, Repub- lican National Committeeman for Michigan. Visitors welcome. University Senate. A special meeting will be held on Mon., Oct. 12, at 4:15 p.m., Auditorium A, Angell Hall to con- sider the report of the Joint Commit- tee on Demotion and Dismissal Proce- dures, Roger Williams Guild. Yoke Fellow- ship meets in the Church Prayer Room Thursday morning at 7 a.m. Devotions and breakfast. La p'tite causette meets tomorrow from 3:30 to 5:00 p.m. in the wing of the north room of the Michigan Union cafeteria. The Congregational - Disciples Guild. Mid-Weekcmeditation, Douglas Chapel, Thurs., Oct. 8, 5 to 5:30 p.m. Episcopal Student Foundation. Stu- dent Breakfast at 7:30 a.m.. Thurs., Oct. 8, at Canterbury House. Attention All Students Interested in Marketing. The U. of M. Student Mar- keting Club of the American Marketing Association will meet Thurs., Oct. 8. at 3 B. in 130 Business Administr- to 3Bpm.in3Buine.Passadministpra- grams, projects, and field trips will be made. Also short movie, "The Import- ance of Selling." Open to all students. Refreshments will be served. Kappa Phi. There will be an infor- mal rushing picnic Thurs., Oct. 8, at 5:15 p.m. at the Methodist Church for all actives and rushees. The Literary College Conference Steering Committee will hold a meet- ing Thurs., Oct.8, at 4 p.m. in Dea Robertson's office in Angell Hall. t. i r t 1 L 1 1 i J Of Mice and Men... To The Editor: THERE WERE several articles in Sunday's Daily on Satur - day's football game. Two articles had comments on the reaction to the shower which deluged the stadium. One article reported, "With an unfamiliar drive of team support, the Wolverine supporters, almost to a man, stayed glued to their seats throughout the downpour." Another had this to say: ". . and before long the rain came and the 52,914 fans scrambled to get under cover." No doubt the apparent contra- diction illustrates what happens when a psychological "set" affects perception. Both reporters observ- ed the same phenomenon, but one called the crowd "Wolverine sup- porters," the other, just "fans." It was obvious that the rain sep- arated the "fans" from the "Wol- verine supporters." But I'm hap- py to report that the men far out- numbered the mice. To Paul Greenberg, Associate Sports Editor, who reported that 52,914 fans scrambled to get under cover, I have to say this: You didn't get much out of Saturday's game in your dry vantage point in the press box, or wherever you sought shelter. Try mixing with the Wolverine supporters in the future. It might help your re- porting, too. -Victor Bloom _t To the Weatherman .. To The Editor: PLEASE, let's have no more rain at the football games. It seems to me absolutely shameful the way the student body behaved last Saturday when the weather man was so unkind as to frown on the efforts of our illustrious football team. Not that it is bad that the stu- dent body remained rooted to its seat, respectively. It is altogether possible that some people like to sit in the rain on a warm October Saturday afternoon. But the fact that they had to sing "Hail to the Victors" and shout "Go-Go-Go" at the tops of their lungs at the equally soaked and bedraggled players on the field seems very inconsiderate in view of the .fact that the boys would probably just' as soon have gone home them- selves without finishing the game if the student body had just walk- ed out and left them alone. Far be it from me to criticize, but I would like to point out just one further thing. The uncalled for exhibition is very likely to offend our noble alumni who claim that the present-day students have no more of the so-called school spirit. If for no other reason than out of consideration for these be- loved predecessors of ours, please don't have any more rain at the football games! --Ed Kent x Sixty-Fourth Year Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. Editorial Staff Harry Lunn,.........,Managing Editor Eric VJetter ................City Editor Virginia Voss.........Editorial Director Mike Wolff......Associate City Editor Alice B. Silver..Assoc. Editorial Director Diane Decker,.......Associate Editor Helene Simon........Associate Editor Ivan Kaye...............Sports Editor Paul Greenberg....Assoc. Sports Editor Mrarilyn Campbell.Women's Editor Kathy Zeisler.. Assoc. Women's Editor Don Campbell.......Head Photographer Business Staff ThmsTreeger.:..Business Manager William Kaufman Advertising Manager Hariean Hanidn Assoc. Business Mgr. William Seiden......Finance Manager James Sharp..Circulation Manager Telephone 23-24-1 Member Religious Symposium Committee meets at Lane Hall, 7 p.m.