CAMPAIGN RULES
See Page I
Y L
Latest Deadline in the State
Dztit
# t
CLOUDY AND WARMEK~
VOL. LXIII, No. 113 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN TUESDAY, MARCH 17, 1953
SIX PAGES
i
e;
MATTER
OF FACT:
Governor at Convocation
Red PlanesFl
Over America
By JOSEPH and-STEWART ALSOP
WASHINGTON-The Soviet strategic air force, as 'though to cele-
brate its increasing poker, is now flying fairly frequent reconnais-
sance missions over the American continent.
d So far as is known, Soviet air reconnaissance in this hemisphere
began last summer. The earliest Soviet contrails (which are vapor
trails that consolidate in the cold air, in the wake of high-flying air-
craft) were sighted over Alaska and Northwestern Canada.
SINCE THEN, the sightings have been intermittently recorded.
So far, approximately ten have been confirmed as undoubtedly re-
sulting from Soviet reconnaissance missions. Only the week before
last, two more contrail sightings were added to the total. One was in
Northern Canada, the other in the vicinity of our important Thule
airbase in North Greenland, indicating that the Soviets are system-
atically reconnoitering the whole Northern defensive fringe.
These contrail sightings give added significance to the already
awe-inspiring air defense choice that now confronts President
Dwight D. Eisenhower. As exclusively reported by these corres-
pondents yesterday, the President is now considering the findings
of an air defense study group of the most highly qualified Ameri-
can Scientists, formed by the Massachusetts Institute of Tech-
nology under Air Force contract. This is the group known as
Project Lincoln, which also bore the name of the Summer Study
Group when the working party was expanded for final review
purposes last summer. The scientists of this group have in ef-
feet offered the President a simple but enormous choice.
On the one hand, they have solemnly warned that this country
will be nakedly exposed to air-atomic destruction by the Kremlin with-
in the short period of two years. On the other hand, they promised a
reasonable measure of security against this fearful danger, if the
President will order a comprehensive air defense program, incorpor-
ating the most recent scientific advances, at an estimated cost of $16
to $20 billion. The President must choose whether to spend the mon-
ey or run the risk.
THE CONTRAIL SIGHTINGS on the Northern hemispheric fringe
bear on the Project Lincoln-Summer Study Group findings in several
different ways. They illustrate, in the first place, the weakness of our
existing air defense system.
American planes reconnoitering the fringes of the Soviet
Empire have been rather frequently intercepted, and at least one'
of them-the Navy Privateer in the Baltic incident-has actually
been shot, down. The Soviet reconnaissance missions have been
flown, In contrast, without once encountering interception.
Still more significantly, the contrails the Soviet bombers left be-
hind them have provided, in almost all instances, the only evidence of
their passage through our air. Few of the contrail sightings, although
regarded as definitely confirmed and leading to defensive alerts, have
keen accompanied by warnings of the presence of an enemy from the
vastly over-touted "radar-fence." The radar stations just were not
near enough.
" .
THIS IMPLIES, of course, a vital fact that is well known to the
Soviet intelligence if not to the American public. To all intents, our
Northern approaches are a defensive vacuum. We lack the depend-
able very early warning which is the first and most absolute essential
of a truly effective air defense system. The vast, empty, Northern
spaces of this hemisphere give us the possibility of building an ef-
fective air defense. But by the same token, the difficulties of throw-
Sing an air warning and defense net across those frozen, hostile spaces
account in large measure, for the enormous estimated expense of a
real air defense of the United States.
Then too, these sightings of Soviet contrails in our Northern
air support the Projeet Lincoln-Summer Study Group view, that.
the threat of the Soviet strategic air force cannot any longer be
lightly laughed off.
There can be very little doubt that reconnaissance missions are
now being run both regularly and frequently by the Soviet strategic
air commanders. Visual observation has had to be largely depended
on, to discover these Russian "recon" missions. Visual observation is
highly undependable, to say the least, in the depopulated Northern
wastes. If ten contrails have been definitely sighted by our air-
watchers, many scores must have passed unobserved, except by the
ermine, the ptarmigan, the arctic fox and the other creatures of the
tundra..
* * * *
THE SPREAD OF the sightings is also meaningful. The earliest
identified Soviet Reconnaissance missions almost certainly were flown
over the Bering Strait, from the big strategic air base which the Krem-
lin established in Kamnchatka about a year ago. But the sighting over
North Greenland plainly suggests a trans-Polar flight from one of
the main chain of Soviet strategic air bases in the Russian arctic.
This at least hints,in turn, that the Soviets may already 'be
using a heavier, faster, longer range bomber than the standard
TU-4-the heavy type, comparable to our B-50, which was in-
spired by our B-29 lost over Siberia. The hint is important, be-
cause of a major intelligence puzzle.
In brief, at the air show given on Red Army Day two years ago
in Moscow, foreign observers identified one plane in the fly-past which
was certainly bigger and seemed to be faster than the TU-4s which'
also took part. The hastily taken photographs revealed an aero-
dynamic structure which led analysts to the conclusion that this new
plane was a bomber on the scale of our B-36, which was to be equip-1
ped with turbo-prop engines for speedy flight on the deck as well
as at high altitudes.1
* * * * ,
IT HAS ALWAYS been Soviet practice, cutiously enough, to show
each of their new aircraft models on Red Army Day when the model
has fully completed the prototype and testing stage, and is just about
to enter production. Hence, if the analysts are correct, this larger,
turbo-prop bomber should. have been in production in the Soviet Un-
ion for the past two years.
See MATTER OF FACT, Page 4t
4C
County Defense Preparing
For Possible A-Bomb Attack
-Daily-Malcolm Shatz
CONVOCATION-Vice-President Marvin L. Niehuss, right, Gov-
ernor G. Mennen Williams and Dean Willard C. Olson, of the
school of education, don robes for academic honors convocation.
Educated Youth Bolsters
Freedom Williams Says
By BRENDA WEHBRING
"The minds of children constitute the greatest resource in
Michigan," Gov. G. Mennen Williams told an audience yesterday at
the education school's 18th Honors Convocation.
Speaking on "Developing Human Resources in Michigan," Gov.
Williams stated that because of the rise of Fascism and Commun-
ism throughout the world the need for education among the young
is more vital than ever before.
* * * *
THE AIM among teachers today must be not to produce a gen-
eration that thinks and acts like our present generation, but rather
- to produce individuals who are
Radioactivity
Prime Factor
In Bomb Test
ATOM BOMB SITE, Nev. - (A)
-The unseen but deadly presence
of poisonous radioactivity will be
a primary factor in today's sched-
uled atomic explosion, testing a
thousand soldiers and two typi-
cal American homes.
This was disclosed yesterday by
scientists of the Atomic Energy
Commission in a pre-test briefing.
Dr. Alvin C. Graves, deputy test
manager, said that while the nu-
clear gadget to be detonated from
There will be two nation-wide
half-hour direct telecasts on all
networks today from the test
site. The first, at 8 a.m. will
cover the nuclear detonation,
and the second broadcast which
is set for 4:30 p.m. will show
the effects of the blast on a typ-
ical American home some 7,500
yards from the center of the
explosion.
the top of a 300-foot tower will be
of smaller power (equivalent to
about 15,000 tons of conventional
explosive) than big atomic bombs
"the amount of contamination
will be quite large."
able to answer the questions of
tomorrow and make the decisions
that will eventually shape the des-
tiny of the country and the world,
he continued.
"The essence of our democracy
is making choices," the Governor
continued. "Young people must be
able to choose between the basic
freedoms that our constitution
guarantees them and the dictator-
ships that other governments seem
to believe are so just."
"Each new class that a teacher
has must go forth endowed with
the ideas and principles of democ-
racy. If the teacher is able to
achieve this, democracy will not
only survive, but will prosper and
live," he concluded.
In an interview with a journal-
ism class after his speech, Gov.
Williams said that construction of
the Mackinaw Straits Bridge may
get underway next month.
Pacifist To Speak
On Communism
John M. Swomley, Jr., Associate
Secretary of the Fellowship of
Reconciliation, will discuss "How
Shall We Deal with Russia and
Communism" at 7:30 p.m. today
in the new Educational Bldg. of
the First Baptist Church.
MSC Faculty
Rejects New
Bowl Series
'U' To Tell Vote
At MayMeeting
The Michigan State College fac-
ulty voted yesterday against con-
tinuance of the Rose Bowl foot-
ball pact by the Big Ten.
The decision of the Big Ten's
junior member may have produced
a 5-5 tie on continuing the Rose
Bowl game after 1954. Such a vote
would end Big Ten participation
in the New Year's Day spectacle at
Pasadena, Calif.
MICHIGAN'S vote will not be
announced until the conference
meeting in May, the University's
Big Ten faculty representative
Ralph W. Aigler of theLaw School
said last night.
Despite the conference's anti-
bowl bloc, now headed by Mich-
igan State, Minnesota and Wis-
consin, speculation grew ip Chi-
cago that the Big Ten will mus-
ter enough votes to carry the
renewal proposal.
Besides Minnesota and Wiscon-
sin, the only school to announce
its vote thus far is Illinois who
approved a new pact conditionally.
Michigan, Iowa, Ohio State and
Indiana are expected to follow suit
in pastvvoting and take the af-
firmative.
* * * .
KEY SCHOOLS are Purdue and
Northwestern. If they remain in
the negative the official ballot to
be cast at the May conference
meeting in Champaign, Ill. will
presumably result in a stalemate
killing the bowl series since a ma-
jority is necessary for renewal.
Northwestern's feeling on the
matter has been veiled in secrecy.
There was some speculation that
Michigan State's negative vote was
a retaliation for the probation
handed out by the Big Ten for
activity of a booster group known
as the Spartan Foundation.
U' Officials
Discuss Quad
Rate Increase
Univesity officials met with
quad leaders yesterday to "discuss
the possible consequences of and
the reasons for" the proposed resi-
dence halls rent hike.
The hike is rumored to be great-
er than last year's increase of $34.
Wilbur K. Pierpont, University
vice-president, Francis C. Shiel,
Manager of Service Enterprises,
and Leonard A. Schaadt, Business
Manager of Residence Halls, ex-
plained that one of the reasons for
the increase was to make up for a
deficit in the 1951-52 residence
halls budget.
Although the conflict of wheth-
er to permit quad members to dis-
cuss future increases was not re-
solved, Ted Bohuszewicz, '53, In-
ter-House Council representative
to the residence halls Board of
Governors, said that the group did
"give us a better idea of what the
entire problem is about."
Literary School
MeetingToday
The first Literary College Con-
ference of the semester, on the
topic, "The Lit School Analyses of
the Student Evaluations of the
Faculty," will be held at 7:30 p.m.
today at the League.
...__)
communist
Reinforced
Local LYL. Head
Vows Refusal
The United States Supreme
Court held yesterday in an un-
signed 7-2 opinion that State
courts must rule first before it
will pass on the constitutionality
of Michigan's Trucks Act.
Temporarily, the Supreme Court
decision reinstates in full force
the Trucks Act adopted in 1951 ne-
quiring Comnmunists and members
of "front" organizations, to reg-
ister with the State Police and to
bar them from the ballot.
* *
Supreme Court Denies
Legality Testof Trucks
.Act Before State Ruling
-Daly-Ed Chodoroff
THIRST BEFORE DISHONOR SAYS LOCAL ULSTERMAN
* *
Local Taverns Offer No
Beer for Orange Irish
By MIL PRYOR
"We'll serve no orange beer
here!"
In answer to students request
that County Ulster be given due
recognition along with the rest
of Ireland on St. Patrick's day,
Frank Pennisi manager of a Lib-
erty Street Tavern served final
notice that he did not intend to
"break tradition" and hbnor the
rebel Ulstermen.
"We've served red beer for St.
Valentine's day and we'll serve
green beer for St. Patrick's day.
but orange beer is too much. There
World News
-.Roundu ,
By The Associated Press
SEOUL, Korea -- Communist
trucks hurried along North Kor-
ea's battered roads in unusually
large numbers yesterday but alert
Australian and American jet pilots
trapped a one mile-long convoy
and destroyed or damaged more
than '100 vehicles.
* * *
WIESBADEN, Germany-The
U.S. Air Force rushed some fast
new Sabre jet fighters from.
England yesterday as an answer
to Communist plane attacks.
WASHINGTON--A study made
by the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology for the air forces
reached a conclusion, it was learn-
ed yesterday, that it is possible
to build a truly effective air de-
fense for the United States.
JACKSON - Union representa-
tives failed to appear at a meet-
ing of a State fact finding panel
exploring the wage dispute be-
tween the CIO Utility Workers
Council and the Consumers Power
Co. in Jackson yesterday.
aren't that many people who'll
drink the stuff," Pennisi said.
* * *
THE FACT THAT inhabitants
of Ulster County in Ireland favor
the wearing o' the orange and
do not consider themselves part
of the Irish Free State-seemed to
make no difference to the adament
manager.
Other local pub owners braced
themselves for what one bartenld-
er called, "Ann Arbor's biggest
drinking day." "Either they're
celebrating that they're Irish or
they're celebrating that they're
not,'? he remarked. "It's the one
time I see all my patrons all dress-
ed up. It takes a saint to do it."
BECAUSE OF THE injunction,
State election officials were un-
able last fall to disqualify candi-
dates of the Socialist-Labor Party,
although the attempt was made.
State Attorney General Frankc
G. Millard said that until he
examines the complete opinion,
he will have no means to deter-
mine how far the State may go
in enforcement steps,
Onthe other hand, Detroit at-
torney *Ernest Goodman, who at-
tacked the law in the Federal
Court case just ended, said he ex-
pected to proceed with a new State
court test .in a few days Vhich
might involve a new petition for
an injunctive order.
LYL ; Chairman Mike Sharpe,
Grad., last night said he "hadn't
seen any list" of front organiza-
tions. He added that he would not
register with the police because
"to register would open the door
to enforcement of an unconstitu-
tional act."
. _.
'
,, i
N_
j'4 .:
ECONOMIC TURNOVER:
Laborite Callaghan Sees
Rise of British Agriculture
'THE CONSTANT WIFE':
Drama Season To Open
.With Katherine Cornell
For the first time in her long and brilliant stage career, actress
Katherine Cornell has accepted a full week's engagement at a uni-
versity.
The university Miss Cornell has so honored is Michigan, where
she will open the 1953 Drama Season, May 11, in a presentation of
Somerset Maughan's "The Constant Wife."
AFTER A SUCCESSFUL run in New York, Miss Cornell took the
Maugham show on the road. Her
present tour will close with the 136TH 'U' ANNIVE
Ann Arbor engagement. 1_ _ _ _ _
Miss Cornell, as actress-manag-
er of the play, has surrounded her- S tu dents T
self with a stellar cast. Playing
opposite her will be note stars
John Emery and Robert Flemyng. University students will play a
Britain's economic picture is
gradually being altered to include
more agriculture and less indus-
try, according to James Callaghan,
prominent Labor member of Par-
liament.
In the past Britain relied on
trading manufactured goods for
primary food products, Callaghan
explained, but because of the pres-
ent dollar shortage in Europe and
the changing value of food and in-
dustrial products, this economy is
no longer possible.
"INCONVERTIBILITY between
sterling and dollar areas Will have
to be maintained unless America
finds another way to handle its
surplus production," he said.
Stressing that aid which the
United *States now sends to
Britain is 'miliary, not economic,
Callaghan -added, "None .of the
social services provided in Brit-
ain are paid for by America."
Callaghan, emphasized that gov-
ernment took control of basic in-
dustries because private capital
would not invest in them and be-
cause productive output, especial-
ly of steel, had not increased.
"Output is higher in nationalized
industries than it was before the
war and before nationalization,"
he added,
Anti-American sentiment in
Britain has come about primarily
because of U.S. policy in China
and the growing hysteria in Amer-
ica, Callaghan maintained.
"Chiang Kai-shek commands
no support from the Chinese peo-
ple, he said.
The United States should refuse
to recognize the Nationalists in
i.. T .. -. TT.4 .«. k.. . . .
-Daily-Macoltn Shatz
JAMES CALLAGHAN
. .. member of Parliament
RSARY:
o Talk at 4lumni Birthday Celebration
key role this week in three of the
i larest aumnicelebatios in nnnrof th TLnvp~r«9t e 1 )h hUL1 I. t
The noted actress's husband, "" -" "1"or il o w"uiri si m o
Guthrie McClintic, directed "The morrow.
Constant Wife." By plane, train and auto, 11 students will journey to C
Detroit and Lansing to speak on student life at the University.
Plans for the balance of the * *
University drama season have not
bee copleed ut iretorVal I TONIGHT, SANDY Robertson, '53BAd., Inter-Fraternity
Dun ay
Chicago,
Council
Nancy Fitch, '53, President of the Woman's Athletic Associa-
tion, Dick O'Shaughnessy, '54Ed., football captain, Bill Jentes,
'55L, Union President and Barnes Connable, '53, Daily City Editor
are taking part in the Lansing banquet.
The birthday week celebrations highlight the student speakers
program set up last fall. The group sends students out to speak at
various alumni functions and highschools in the midwest.
* * * *
EACH MEMBER on the trip talks for five minutes about an
activitV nd t+hen +hn e ornn nrxmr, n mactin n hnmt .h sa Tnrrra+
!
t
f
entine Windt of the speech de-
partment is going to New York at
the end of this month to make
furthe arangments: for n nlv'
vice-president, Ted Bohuszewicz, '53, Inter-House Council member,
and Howard Willens, '53, Student Legislature President, will leave by
train for Chicago.
They will be joined tomorrow morning -by Jack Ehlers ''3_.
. The Washtenaw County civil de-
I IE. AlrbnlFn that A,.....A..l....