P.AUL k:OUR tL'HE MiAiiG&AiNDAILY .. .. x.:: i , itiii JL -4 _____________________________________________________________________I___________________________________ I W BOOK REVIEW:, They Went to College THEY WENT TO COLLEGE, by Ernest Havemann and Patricia West. Harcourt, Brace and Co. THIS IS A BOOK about college graduates. The material for the book comes from a many year survey paid for by a "not completely altruistic" Time Magazine. It is believed to represent rather adequately the facts and opinions of all living college grad- uates at the time of 1947. As a book it is easily read, and if you can understand Little Orphan Annie you can follow the graphical presentation. This unusual mutation is the product of a collaboration, between a journalist Havemann, and sociologist West. The re- search was done by the Columbia Uni- versity Bureau of Applied Social Research. Whether it should be labeled a caricature of a sociological treatise, or a journalistic effort rendered slightly dry by frequent reference to numbers, is a moot point. If the findings are true-more to be said about this later-they should be of prime interest to anyone in college, out of col- lege, and/or planning to send children to college. Mr. Havemann makes every ef- fort to garnish up the data with a rather flowery style, which is no doubt meant to be "striking." I confess that at times it was a bit difficult to see the cake for the frosting. Here are a few things that the study found: First of all college graduates tend to make considerably more money than non- college people. Secondly college graduates are younger as a group than non-college people, and are predominantly male. Fewer male graduates are bachelors than males in the total adult population, but the female graduates, in surprisingly large numbers, are spinsters. Also college graduates are found to be predominantly Republicans, al- though the younger ones are less conserva- tive than their predecessors. Finally if you went to an Ivy League school (Harvard, Yale, etc.) and were supported entirely by your parents the chances are good that you will make more money than your less fortunate fellow graduates. But no matter where you go, you're almost sure to be glad you did. In addition, facts and opinions are pre- sented about the family stability of college prsons, the church and political behavior of the graduate, the "Greasy Grind" vs. "Big Man on Campus" controversy (using Have- mann's terms), and how those "who work- ed their way through" compare with those who lived off the old man. If your interest is more in the line of bread and butter findings they are presented here. Income differences are'compared for different fields of study, grade averages, extra-curricular participation, and other variables. You can find all your pet gripes mentioned by grad- uates of past year, with even so.me quotes from ex-Michigan students. If you are an- noyed by the type of person who thinks of college as a parade of raccoon coats, or disturbed by the type who thinks all col- lege students are "a bunch of young radi- cals," you can argue from these "facts." It may even work as a pacifier for straining parents who wonder if it is "all worthwhile." All of this sounds good-for more good sounds read the rather immodest review of the book in "Time Magazine"--but there is some cold water that certainly deserves to be thrown. Without going into a long discussion of sampling statistics, let's just say that there is nothing in this book to tell you whether you can believe a word of it. The differences which are presented between the "Greasy Grinds" and "The Student Who Just Sat There'" may be real differences, or they may be just the results of choosing this particular sample from the total population of col- lege graduates. There are statistical devices to give you some idea of how much confidence you may have in your findings, but if they were used they aren't in this book. Such is enough to make most researchers blush a bit, and sinre it is apparent that the author con- siders himself something of a myth-des- troyer, the omission is even a little more serious. One may be able to by-pass this first omission with a well founded faith in the thoroughness of Patricia West and the Columbia Bureau of Social Research, but the next is somewhat harder to take. We are asked to believe that all of the graduates who answered this mailed questionnaire re- membered and reported accurately their grades, the amount of self-support they had, and so on. I, for one, don't believe it, but believe it or not, it is certainly a thing to be checked. In addition to this, only 59% of the questionnaires were sent back to the auth- ors, and personal interviews with a sample of the non-respondents showed that they were different from the respondents on 89 out of 173 characteristics. The authors neglect to mention just what these char- acteristics are, but it would be rather nice to know, since it would certainly be a help in determining something about the adequacy of their original sample, the other thing which they neglected to re- port. The point of all this is merely that myth, fantasy, and folklore can be cre- ated as easily by numbers as they can be destroyed by numbers. Until one knows more about the procedures of this study there is every reason for caution in ac- cepting it as the "facts." One thing more needs to be re-emphasiz- ed. Mr. Havemann states early in the first chapter that this is not the kind of study that tells you whether college has caused such things as higher income, marriage rates, political opinions, or all of the rest. But it will not tell you if college is the rea- son for their being like this. -arry A. Burdick Senator Monroney A FEW WEEKS AGO, Senator Robert Taft visited the University to state his views on public issues. Today, Senator Mike Mon- roney of Oklahoma will appear on campus to present the Democratic Party's viewpoint. One of the top public speakers in the Democratic Party, Monroney has been noted for his rational appraisal of public issues, and his outstanding record in the Senate has won him national acclaim. It was 14 years ago, when Monroney, a successful businessman, entered Congress. He was there but a short time when he caught the public's eye. Oklahoma congress- men, coming from an "oil-conscious" state, usually vote for increases in oil prices when- ever possible. Monroney, however, surprised the experts by consistently voting against oil increases because he felt that the boost might foster inflation. This unusual stand caused the "Washington Post" to comment: "He talks in Congress not merely as an Oklahoman, but as an American." The achievement that was to bring Mon- roney greatest public attention was his plan -the Monroney Bill-to streamline Con- gress by reducing the number of committees and simplifying procedures. For this service, "Colliers" magazine honored him with an award for being "the most useful.member of the House during 1945." "The New York Telegram" wrote, shortly after Monroney had succeeded in enacting his Congressional reforms, "When history is written a few hundred years hence, the out- standing event of the 79th Congress will be the passage of the Monroney Bill." In the last few years, Monroney has tried to gain further improvements in Congress. He has fought to eliminate the filibuster, modify the seniority rules, and limit the power of the house Rules Com- mittee. Because of Monroney's distinguished rec- ord, members of both parties should wel- come the opportunity to hear the Senator speak this afternoon at Rackham Lecture Hall on why 1952 is "The Year of Decision." -Bernie Backhaut INTERPRETING THE NEWS: Shadow Boxing By J. M. ROBERTS, JR. AP Foreign Affairs Analyst THE ALLIES continue to shadow box with Russia over an extremely nebulous uni- fied Germany while going right ahead with plans for the incorporation of Western Ger- many into the European Defense Commun- ity. Reports from Bonn are that a number of items in the new peace contract have been ironed out to the satisfaction of some of the querulous German politicians who were threatening to block Chancellor Adenauer's agreement with the West. Sec- retary Acheson plans to leave for Europe soon to sign the contract with the Ger- mans, to sign mutual security protocols between Britain, the U.S. and the EDC required by Germany's new association with the Atlantic Pact countries, and to witness the hoped-for signing of the EDC Treaty itself. All of this is preliminary to the contri- bution by Germany of 400,000 troops to the projected one-uniform European Army, and it is this which has Russia so agitated. MEANTIME, THE latest Allied note to Russia on the German problem follows their usual line of keeping the door open with- out committing themselves to any more Russian delaying actions. If Russia still wants to talk about unification they ate willing-provided a neutral commission is permitted to investigate the possibilities of a free election and finds there are some prospects. To establish the basis for a free election in all Germany, the Russians would have to relinquish their terroristic police hold on the Eastern Germans, free thousands of political prisoners who would have a right to vote, and in general trade their hold on East Germany for a neutral whole Germany where they would have no more privileges than anyone else. You can judge the probabilities of that yourself. But the Allies, by not insisting on inves- tigation by the UN elections commission chosen for - the purpose and rejected by Russia, maintain a certain air of reasonable- ness calculated to help them with the Ger- mans to whom unification means every- thing. * *.* RUSSIAN THREATS against Germany if she goes ahead with the western alliance seem to be boomeranging. There is less Ger- man equivocation than a week ago, Germans are remembering the Berlin Blockade and how. foolish the Russians were finally made to look, and how proud the Berliners were made to feel that they could withstand the pressure with Allied help. Now Secretary Acheson has told them that the help is still available if it should "I Want Them Back-They Were My Prisoners First!" -U ' tetteP4 TO THE EDITOR The Daily welcomes communications from its readers on matters of general interest, and will publish all letters which are signed by the writer and in good taste. Letters exceeding 300 words in length, defamatory or libelous letters, and letters which for any reason are not in good taste will be condensed, edited or withheld from publication at the discretion of the editors. SPA Outing. 0 MArrE C) FACT By JOSEPH and STEWART ALSOP WASHINGTON-Not long ago, Sen. Rob- ert A. Taft was quoted as saying there had not been such a struggle for the Repub- lican nomination in the last forty years. Apparently, 1912, which was not exactly an auspicious year for the Taft family, is on the Senator's mind. It is on a lot of other politicians' minds, too, because of the loom- ing contests for the Texas and Louisiana Republican delegations. In 1912, it may be recalled, Theodore Roosevelt had the support of the Repub- lican rank and file, while William Howard Taft, as President, controlled the Repub- lican Party machinery. As Roosevelt won victory after victory in the primaries, the Taft manager, Frank Hitchcock, dismissed each new Rooseveltian triumph with the remark, "Ah yes, but we've got the cre- dentials committee." At the convention itself, the Taft-domin- ated credentials committee duly seated sev- enty-two contested, pro-Taft delegates. The pro-Taft convention chairman, Elihu Root, steam-rollered the convention into accept- ing the credential committee's findings, pre- siding for the purpose-so violent was the feeling at the time-behind a barricade of barbed wire. And William Howard Taft got the Republican nomination and carried Vermont.. By a singular twist of historical irony, a comparable situation again threatens to arise, when William Howard Taft's energetic Resolution WHEREAS; football is a tradition at Mi- chigan, Whereas; season football tickets are in- cluded in the tuition, Whereas: May Festival is a tradition at Michigan, Whereas; some students prefer concerts to football games, Therefore, why not give the individual student the option, at registration, of choos- inzr hehu'xn n . esAIn tikeFt t ofn Ff 'trnl son is making his final and most hopeful try for the Presidency. In brief, the ancient and exclusive Re- publican organization in Texas, now head- ed bY John Zweifel, and the even more exclusive established Republican organi- zation in Louisiana, headed by John E. Jackson, have been passionately pro.-Taft from the word go. Taft and his friends have worked for years to make the links into hoops of steel. Meanwhile, however, the candidacy of Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower has evoked a popular surge throughout the South. Most- ly, this has taken the form of Southerners declaring they will vote for Eisenhower as Democrats. But in Louisiana and Texas, the local Republican parties have also been strongly challenged by pro - Eisenhower movements. The Jackson and Zweifel organizations have both responded in the same way to the irresistible rush of pro-Eisenhower vo- ters into precinct and district conventions. The Jacksonites and the Zweifelites have rejected the verdicts of the majorities against them; and they have boldly named members of their own factions to the state conventions which will make the final choice of the Louisiana and Texas delegations. This would appear to indicate that the Taft national strategists will go to all lengths to get the Texas-Louisiana vote. Meanwhile a meeting of Southern and na- tional Eisenhower leaders is scheduled' .to take place very shortly in New Orleans, where the gauntlet will be thrown down to the Taft forcese. The present mood of the Eisenhower men is that they will make a deal, but not for less than ten of the Louis- iana delegates and thirty of the Texans. This, in itself, might be enough to swing the balance at Chicago decisively toward Eisenhower. On the other hand, if the Taft strate- gists carry the struggle to the convention, "they had better be ready for the worst fight they ever got into," in the reported words of Gov. Thomas E. Dewey of New. Yner.Thp fi-ht will hppn ain the ronnt ON THE 1Washington Merry-Go-Round with DREW PEARSON WASHINGTON-Lobbying in Washington ranges from subtle hints dropped at cocktail parties to balf-faced brazen campaign con- tributions. It can be ethical or smelly. But the most unique lobbying of all is now being conducted on behalf of higher-priced toilet facilities in railroad stations, and the lobbyists are none other than the President's ex-counsel, Clark Clifford, and the Democratic Senator from Delaware, Allen Frear, Both are interested in helping the Pennsylvania Railroad which wants to raise the legal price of toilets from a nickel to a dime. To that end, Senator Frear has introduced an amendment to the War- time Controls Act, which has become known delicately as "The Toilet Amendment." Frear's amendment is still under secret study by the Senate Bank- ing -Committee. However, it would not only double the tariff on rest-room facilities, but would let the Pennsylvania Railroad off the hook for $385,245. Inside story is that the railroad is in a jam with the Office of Price Stabilization for installing dime slots on its pay toilet doors. OPS opposed this increase, but the railroad pleaded that it would cost $45,444 to reconvert the pay-toilet locks. OPS replied that the locks had been installed after the price freeze, so the railroad had acted at its own legal risk. Furthermore, Grand Central Station in New York City had set up higher-priced turnstiles in its pay washrooms one day before the price freeze. However, though within the law, it changed back its locks and advanced to the OPS ruling without an argument. 'C " I OPS INJUNCTION FOR TEN MONTHS, the OPS-Pennsylvania Railroad dispute con- tinued. The railroad tried every legal maneuver to keep its dime pay toilets. But OPS finally slapped the railroad with a treble-damage suit for $385,245, and asked for an injunction to stop the overcharge. Faced with a losing court battle, the Pennsylvania line began pull- ing wires on Capitol Hill. It even got its legal lobbyist, Clark Clifford, to help lobby for ten-cent toilets. Finally the railroad found a willing sympathizer in Senator Frear, whose little State of Delaware has a big Pennsylvania Rail- road interest. He promptly drafted an amendment to exempt washrooms from price ceilings. The Frear Amendment, however, contains a tricky phrase, mak- ing the exemption "declaratory of existing law." In simple English, this means that Congress always intended to exempt pay toilets any- way, and the effect of this phrase would be to knock out the Govern- ment's $385,245 damage suit. Meanwhile, Pennsylvania Railroad's ten-cent toilets are continu- ing to collect overcharges to the tune of $400 a day. TEA-DRINKING MORMON For a man who went through the rough-and-tumble of getting elected to the Senate, Arthur Watkins of Utah is quite a sensitive man. He is still smarting from the fact that while in Utah some months ago I told inquirers that whereas the other GOP Senator from Utah, Wallace Bennett, had qualities of statesmanship, Watkins was a mediocrity. What worries him even more, is that his Mormon constituents will find out that he has been drinking tea and coffee. The ordinary person would think nothing of it, but to the Mormon Church, of which Senator Watkins is a highpriest, it is against church law for him to drink tea or coffee. Despite this, Senator Flanders, the GOP solon from Vermont, came in the Senate lunchroom some time ago and found high priest Watkins with a pot of tea at his elbow. "Aha!" exclaimed Flanders, a tone of mock reproval in his voice. Abashed, the Senator from Utah explained that he was drink- ing tea for medicinal purposes. But from that time on, Watkins did not drink "medicinal" tea or coffee in public, though there was evidence that he did so in the quiet of his office. For one day, he got aboard a Senate elevator with a cup of coffee in his hand, only to' find, much to his horror, that the elevator boy was a youngster from Utah. Hurriedly, the Senator from Utah gulped down the coffe behind the elevator boy's back, left the elevator with no telltale evidence in the cup. STEEL DEBATE STIFLED THE GIANT U.S. Steel Corporation pulled some backstage wires the other day which caused the Senate Banking Committee to cancel a public debate of the important steel issue. It was done by secret vote at a meeting that was supposed to be "strictly confidential." What makes the wire-pulling all the more pointed is that the same Banking Committee had already voted to hold a public debate. It planned to sit the representatives of industry, labor and government around the table, and let them argue the issues back and forth in front of the public. However, Vice President John A. Stevens of U.S. Steel at the last minute objected. Whereupon Indiana's roly-poly GOP Senator Homer Capehart promptly urged that the committee change its mind. He was backed by Senator Willis Robertson, Virginia Democrat, who has been buzzing around with the Big Steel moguls throughout the steel crisis. "I have been in Congress 19 years, and I read the Congressional Record before that because I hoped to get here," said Robertson. "But in all those 35 years no committee has confessed its inability to get facts without public debate. I would feel like a nitwit if we admitted we couldn't get the essential facts." But Senator Blair Moody, Michigan Democrat. argued that all ...] -, - 1 -' 1,, , , .. -A "1 , , .1.:. .'.a 1..- .. -...,. .- To the Editor: TWO SUBJECTS most under discussion today are peace and the weather. As Mark Twain put it, "Everyone talks about the weather, but no one does anything about it." However, something CAN be done about peace. To this end, and in continuation for peaceful activities on campus, the Society for Peaceful Alternatives is planning a gala all-campus Peace Picnic, to be held at the Island Park on Saturday, May 17, from 3:30 p.m. till . .. ..? There will be skits. And songs. And dancing. And a dramatic pre- sentation of Robert Rosenberg's play, War Sky. And athletic events. And cultural displays on topics of peace. And FOOD. And more, if weather permits. So students, faculty, families, and interested passers-by . . . here's your opportunity to stop talking and start DOING some- thing about PEACE! -Arthur Rose, Acting Secretary Society for Peaceful Alternatives * * * Religious People' .. To the Editor: WHILE Bob Jaffe, in his edi- torial against religious courses on this campus, cites many fine examples in which a mention of God and/or religion were omitted, we still can't base a whole state- wide philosophy (including that of the colleges and universities) on a few isolated examples. The argument offered by Mr. Jaffe, it seems to me, is void if he bases his whole cases on these examples, as he apparently does. If the University were to make these proposed courses compul- sory, then definitely we would be overlooking the rights of any ag- nostic or atheist who would be receiving his education here. But, as the school is set up, the courses would not be compulsory and therefore would not be, 'stepping DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN U' s (Continued from page 2) Doctoral Examination for Chiao-Min Chut, Electrical Engineering; thesis: "Scattering and Absorption of Water Droplets in Millimeter Wavelengths," Fri., May 16, 2 p.m., 2507 E. Engineer- ing Bldg. Chairman, S. S. Attwood. Doctoral Examination for George Herman, Speech; thesis: "Variability of the Absolute Auditory Threshold: A Psycho-physicai Study," Fri., May 16, 1 p.m., 301 Speech Clinic. Chairman, H. H. Bloomer. Concerts Student Recital: Charles Stephenson, tenor, will present a program at 8:30 p.m., Thurs., May 15, in the Rackham Assembly Hall, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Music degree. Mr. Stephenson studies voice with Harold Haugh, and has plan- ned a program to include works by Carissimi,S carlatti, Handel; Porpora, Vaughan-Williams, Finney, and Schu- bert. It will be open to the public. Student Recital: Nathalie Dale, vio- linist, will play a program in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Music degree at 8:30 p.m., Fri., May 16, Architecture Auditorium. Mrs. Dale studies with Emil Raab, vio- linist', with the Stanley Quartet, and will present compositions by Vitali, Bach, JAndemith and Mendelssohn. The general public is invited. Events Today New Religion-in-Life Program Policy committee meets at Lane Hall, 4:30 p.m. Modern Poetry Club. Meeting, 7:30 p.m., Conference Room, League. All poems of Wilfred Owen included in the Oscar Williams anthology will be discussed. Mr. Greenhut of the English Department will participate. This is the last meeting of the year and mem- bers are urged to attend. Guests wel- come. International Center Weekly Tea for foreign students and American friends, 4:30-6 p.m. Chess Club. Meeting, 8 p.m., Union. La p'tite causette meets from 3:30 to 5 p.m. in the south room of the Union cafeteria. Literary College Conference Steering Committee. 4 p.m., 1011 Angel Hall. A new Chairman will be elected. International Relations Club. Busi- ness meeting, '7:30 p.m., League. U. of M. Sailing Club. Meeting, 7:30 p.m., 311 W. Engineering. Election of officers. Shore school for new members. Saturday and Sunday-Midwest Col- legiate Dingy Championships at Whit- more Lake. Banquet, Sat., May 17, 7 p.m., Union. Hillel Social Committee meets at 7:15 p.m. for a short meeting at the New Rillel Building, 1429 Hill St. All mem- bers and interested people are urged to attend. McLaughlin will speak on "Navigation Between the Planets." After the lecture in 3017 Angell Hall, the Students' Ob. servatory on the fifth floor will be open for telescopic observation of Saturn and a double star, if the sky is clear, or for inspection of the telescopes and planetarium, if the sky is cloudy. Chil- dren are welcome, but must be ac- companied by adults. The 46th Annual French Play' the picture of the cast of "Le Monde ou s'ennuie" is ready. Please call for i$ in Room 112, Romance Languages Bldg. Motion Pictures, auspices of Univer- sity Museums. "Field Trip to a Fish Hatchery," "Biography of a Fish," and "The Crayfish." 7:30 p.m., Fri., May 16, Kellogg Auditorium. No admission charge. All Business Education Students are invited to participate in a special prob- lems clinic on THE IMPROVEMENT OF INSTRUCTION IN SHORTHAND AND TYPEWRITING to be held Sat., May 17, 10 a.m., School of Business Admin- istration. Louis A. Leslie, co-author of Gregg Shorthand Simplified and Typ- ing Simplified, will be the special re- source person, and there will be a clinic on "The Improvement of Instruction in Shorthand." Luncheon meeting, 12:15 p.m., Union. Topic for afternoon clinic: "What's New In Typewriting Instruc- tion?" t talt t on the toes" of the minority fac- tion. Is not, Mr. Jaffe, religion par- taken by the greater majority of the students on this campus? And, is not religion a type of study? I think so. As was pointed out in your sis- ter editorial, Mr. Jaffe, the North- west Ordinance under which our state was founded makes very strong hints at the fact that reli- gion does have a place in our schools. (Incidentally, this same quote is the inscription on Angell Hall.) Religious study on an intellec- tual college level is a missing part of our effort to have "a well rounded education" at this school for it is one of the aspects of edu- cation; and as long as the program is not compulsory the minority nonbelievers are not having their rights abridged. -Al Moore * * * 'Naked Fools' . . To The Editor: I MUST HAVE been mistaken, but Friday afternoon I thought I saw several members of the Joint Judiciary Council making fools of themselves, half-naked and cov- ered with brick-ust, groveling in the dirt and throwing water on each other, in the space beside the General Library, with several hundred persons looking on. But it could not have happened--it must have been an illusion, because there was President Hatcher look- ing on with evident approval. Surely, neither he nor the memo bers of the Judiciary Council could ever approve such publicity reek- ing rowdyism. I must be wrong in thinking I saw this happen-otherwise I would be forced to believe that such action was what the Univer- sity considered conduct becoming a student. But, after all, when one is informed that concern for the concept of a liberal education is unbecoming a student, one can be led to make such a mistake. -Dorothy MacKay (Editor's Note: Ugh!) 4 Y Sixty-Second Year Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. Editorial Staff Chuck Elliott .....Managing Editor Bob Keith..............City Editor Leonard Greenbaum, Editorial Director Vern Emerson ..........Feature Editor Ron Watts .............Associate Editor Bob Vaughn ...........Associate Editor Ted Papes ............Sports Editor George Flint ....Associate Sports Editor Jim Parker .....Assoclate Sports Editor Jan James...........Women's Editor Jo Ketelhut, Associate Women's Editor Bnsftess Staff Bob Miller ...........Business Manager Gene Kuthy. Assoc. Business Manager Charles Cuson ....Advertising Manager Mlt Goetz......Circulation Manager