SUNDAY, OCTOBER 28, 1951 PAGE FOUR THE MICHIGAN DAILY British Elections DORIS FLEESON: Irantian The Week's News . ..IN RETROSPECT . . . . . . Labor MOST BRITISH and American conserva- tives are saying, "See, I told you so," as they point smugly to Churchill's recent victory. However, the Conservative win by no means indicates that the English have suddenly turned full force against the Labor Party and its socialist program. To the contrary, Labor polled one of its largest popular votes, claiming one-quarter of a million more popular votes than the Conservatives. But, as in the U.S., the final determiner of a legislative majority rests in the distribution of seats in Parliament. Here again the Tory victory does not re- veal any kind of mass revolt opposing social- ism, since the Conservatives will go into the House of Commons with less than a 25 seat majority.- Another encouraging sign of the elec- tion is the return to Parliament of Aneurin Bevan and his supporters. Bevan, known as the "left wing" of the Labor Party, is one of those rare liberals who still passion- ately believes that there is a great danger in "turning over the complicated machin- ery of modern industry to war too quickly." Bevan refers here to an arms program which would be allowed to squeeze out social legislation. But in spite of these hopeful signs of the election, the fact remains that Churchill is now Prime Minister and the Conservative party is the new British government. What course the Tories will take is nebu- lous. Their campaign consisted mostly of "me-tooism" with the added promise that "we'll do it better." Certainly the Conservatives cannot go backwards as regards domestic policy. The only over-all change which will probably take place in the basic socialistic character of Britain will be ashalting of further socialist measures, and a modification of the steel nationalization program. Foreign policy is another matter. In his victory statement Churchill said that his government will put Britain back where she belongs not only in England but across the seas. Commentator Fulton Lewis Jr. offered, with his usual shortsightedness, "This sounds like the old Britain." That is precisely the trouble, for the "old Britain" can no longer exist in all its glories of colonialism. The Labor Government seemed to be aware of this when it withdrew troops from Iran. Churchill, hanging on to flimsy threads of past days, refuses to acknowledge that the once willing subjects of British domination are revolting in a wave of justifiable demands for independence. The Labor Government also has shown no fear in acting as a steadying hand upon United States foreign policy. Attlee's government, ignoring the U.S. policy, recognized Red China and refused recognition. to Franco Spain. When the atom bomb scare arose here last winter, it was the British Labor Government which sent a note to President Truman expressing its opposition to using the A-bomb in China. Churchill, on the other hand, has con. stantly revealed a willingness to ape Ameri. can foreign policy which he apparently does not see as sometimes dangerously unwise. Of course, in spite of Churchill's for. eign policy, the Labor Party's cries of "war party" can not be taken too seriously. Churchill, like the rest of our national leaders, does not want war. But the ques- tion is, will the Conservatives as much as possible take the proper steps for peace. With Winston Churchill wielding the "big stick," that seems doubtful. -Alice Bogdonoff .* Conservative By J. M. ROBERTS, Jr. Associated Press News Analyst WELL, GREAT BRITAIN is still divided down the middle, though the middle has moved slightly to the right. Winston Churchill, the old warrior in whom America has great faith, is back as prime minister. With Churchill as prime minister and Anthony Eden as foreign secretary, mutual Anglo-American confidence will be improved. The Attlee government has followed a course of general cooperation with the Unit- ed States, but there have been many tactical splits, especially with regard to diplomatic recognition of Communist China. And Bri- tain has dragged her feet continuously on the various programs of international unity which the United States has sought to foster in Western Europe. Always in the back- ground has been the manifesto of Labor Party leaders-though not including top government figures-that socialist govern- ments in Europe were a prerequisite for British cooperation in such things as the Schuman plan. In the long run, British foreign policy is a policy for Britain, as in any nation, regardless of who is in power. There is the feeling in Washington, however, that whenever a Churchill government might go against the United States it will be because of real necessity, uncolored by ideology, and that he will be better understood by the American people than was the pale figure of Attlee. Churchill may embarrass Truman with his ideas about top level conferences with Stalin in an effort to straighten out the East-West conflict. Truman wants some Russian action as proof of good intent be- fore he gets into any more Potsdams. Chur- chill sees a possible agreement with Stalin through personal contact as a desirable cli- max to his whole life. Churchill will bring to allied councils a great prescience about the meaning of inter- national developments. That is what made him one of the greatest men in the world. He is not a good compromiser, however, es- pecially with regard to rising nationalism among peoples who formerly bowed to Lon- don. On the domestic scene Churchill is far less likely to find new glory, Attlee could hardly he blamed if he yields with a sign of relief the problems that beset Britain. Problems that nobody can do much about as she ad- justs herself to a new age without the com- mercial benefits of colonialism. Now it is up to the conservatives to prove what they have been claiming-- that even if the problems are not com- pletely solvable, they can at least be better administered. One of the most interesting and import- ant results of the election to watch for will be the effect on Aneurin Bevan's extreme leftist movement within the Labor Party. Bevan, who has been described by some ob- servers of the British scene, in an oversim- plification, as'"slightly right of Tito," cane through the voting with his cohorts in strong shape. The majority of the Labor Party has proved less cohesive. How far this solid and vociferous minority can go in taking over the party may yet play a vital role in the future of Britain. "AMONG ALL the strange things that men have forgotten the most universal and catastrophic lapse of memory is that by which they have forgotten that they are living on a star." -G. K. Chesterton Solution W ASHINGTON - Iran's fabulous Prime Minister is getting the full treatment here from President Truman and Secretary of State Acheson but even the suggestion of solutions to the oil crisis cannot be ex- pected until after the British elections. Iran has been overshadowed by the anti-British outbreaks in Egypt and Mr. Truman's Vatican maneuver but her oil resources are nevertheless a western-world asset that defense planners declare must not for a moment be neglected. The an- swer made to their anxious questions is about as follows: the affair must not "get out of balance" prior to the British elec- tions; meanwhile everything possible is being done to put Dr. Mossadegh in a re- ceptive frame of mind for that day when we learn what British Prime Minister we must deal with. So determined is the State Department to be discreet- it will not admit that it is preparing a plan of action, bitterly as it has been criticized for past failures in the plan. ning section. The apparent vacuum meanwhile has tempted the international co-operative al- liance whose U.S. member, the Co-operative League, is headed by Murray Lincoln of Columbus, Ohio, a ranking agricultural spokesman of considerable political influence with the Truman administration. Lincoln has enlisted the support of two cabinet members, Secretaries Brannan of Agriculture and Sawyer of Commerce, for the co-operative alliance proposal which he and the international president, a Mr. Johanson of Sweden, put before Dr. Mos- sadegh in New York. Secretary Brannan for one took it to the President who refer- red him to Acheson. There, for the time being, the customary "do not disturb" sign has been hung on it, The first Alliance plan which Messrs. Lin- coln and Johanson discussed with Dr. Mos- sadegh and Britain's United Nations dele- gate, Sir Gladwyn Jebb, proposed that the Alliance's 16 member companies operate the Iranian wells and allow the Anglo-Iranian Company to carry their output away in its tankers. The operation, they said, could be directed jointly by the Iranian Government, the Alliance and Anglo-Iranian. Dr. Mossadegh said No. Last Friday, an Alliance alternative was put forward. It proposed that the Alliance operate the Iranian wells on a caretaker basis which would include maintenance of the oil wells and refining facilities plus such production as was necessary to accomplish this end which would be about 50 per cent. Anglo-Iranian was excluded from this plan. The main arguments made for it by Mr. Lincoln were: 1. It would get rid of the monopoly flavor of the Anglo-Iranian operation. 2. It would inject into the picture the smaller neutral countries which Iran does not distrust. For example, announcement of it would come from Alliance headquarters in Copenhagen, Denmark, not from London or Washington. 3. It would provide time for further negotiations and a cooling-off period dur- ing which the priceless oil properties would not be disintegrating. Dr. Mossadegh seemed slightly less ada- mant to this suggestion. He did invariably take one firm position which probably the British and Americans must reconcile them- selves to: the Iranian government must be the dominant partner. "Hey ... . they closed the Orient!" * * * HOMECOMING Day started off inauspiciously with gray skies and light rain. It got grayer when Minnesota's Ron Engel streaked all the way back with the opening kickoff for a Minnesota touchdown. But then the skies cleared-and the Homecoming crowd was treated to a dazzling Wolverine offense the likes of which haven't been seen since Crisler's '47 wonder team. A goodly crop of gregarious drunks had trouble holding the attention of the fans, as Perry, Bradford, Oldham, Pickard and Putich made one electrifying run after another. Some celebrated last night with Elliot Lawrence at SL's Homecoming Dance-many others stayed at home with their "little Brown Jugs." But this was the grand climax to the Weekend. Through the week, students worked furtively by night building their Homecoming Displays-Saturday morning, homecoming alums found the town had also beentinvaded during the night by a race of papier-mache foot- ball giants. Almost lost in the sea of displays and long touchdown runs. was a plea by a Marshall, Mich., women's alumnae group for football de- emphasis in a big way-withdrawal from the Big Ten if need be. But de-emphasis programs never follow on the heels of a game like yes- terday's. DAILY GROWTH-The Daily took a new hop and a surprise skip this week, as we jumped into two new projects. Beginning Monday night, The Daily took to the air with a new five minute midnight local news broadcast over WHRV. Then yesterday, The Daily entered the ten cent program business, as' a surprise solution to the chronic dis- pute over the cardboard rosters. BIAS STUDY BEGINS-The Inter Fraternity Council-Student Legislature committee to study the bias clause question and come up with a plan to replace the "meaningless" IFC resolution recently wiped from the books was appointed this week. The report will be due Dec. 4. TAFT-FOR-PRESIDENT - The Taft presidential juggernaut gained momentum this week, as the formation of a "Law Students for Taft" club on campus was announced. The membership was limi- ted to lawyers to keep the club "down. to a workable size." Mean- while, hints of an opposition arose-vague whisperings about a rival Eisenhower club floated about campus. * * * * DARK VICTORY-The Conservatives got a tenuous six-seat toe- hold on a parliamentary majority this week in a bitter-calm election but Labor still held an edge in popular vote. Doughty old Winston Churchill, who returned to the prime minister's post after six years of Attlee government, had really won a lemon, opined some experts With dollar deficits, crises in Egypt and Iran, and a plethora of cold- war inspired troubles ahead, it looked as if Labor might bewell out of it. MATOER OF FACt By STEWART ALSOP WASHINGTON-The professional politicians in the Democratic party are just about as nervous, nowadays, as so many cats on hot bricks. The members of the repl inner circle-the fathers of the party as it were-have thought for some time that they knew what was going to happen, and have been pleased with what they thought they knew. In brief, they thought they knew that at some suitable mo- ment before the new year, Secretary of State Dean G. Acheson would lay down his heavy burden, making a place at the State Department for Chief Justice Fred Vinson. This, they expected, would in turn be only the preliminary for the President to lay down his burden, passing the Democratic nomination to his old friend, the Chief Justice - Secretary of State. This particular move in the game of political musical chairs has been discussed often enough before. It can now be stated, however, that some of those who have discussed it were not indulging in mere empty speculation. Six months or so ago in fact, the President actually, signified his intention not to seek a third term, and declared his preference for the Chief Justice as his successor. He also indicated his intention to prepare the Chief Justice for the race by allowing him, so to speak, to use the State Department as a judicial disrobing room, where he could conveniently make the transition from the high formality of the supreme bench to the undress of rough and tumble politics. * * * * BECAUSE a group of Democratic insiders close to the President and the Chief Justice were aware that these signs and significations had been given, they believed that the Democratic party's future was fairly cut and dried. They thought the Chief Justice could beat any Republican candidate but Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower. They thought he would make a good President. They were generally pleased with the prospect, as they understood it. They are nervous now, for a very simple reason. The Chief Justice has also signified to his old political friends, that he will NOT leap from the supreme bench straight into party politics. Some sort of a disrobing room is essential for him. The State Department appears to be the only one available. For it is In- conceivable that the President will replace Robert A. Lovett at the Defense Department, where the new Secretary is so brilliantly tackling his gigantic task; and it is equally inconceivable that the Chief Justice will leave the court to go back to the Treasury, where he was before his elevation. Thus the Acheson-Vinson switch is regarded as being the ines- capable prelude to the Truman-Vinson switch. And those who have been looking to see the Chief Justice as the Democratic candidate in 1952 are now beginning to fear that the whole project will die aborn-. ing, because there is nothing to suggest that the Acheson-Vinson, switch is going to be made. At least, if the Chief Justice is to replace the Secretary of State before the new year as anticipated, there are only two months left to arrange the matter. And the President, who indicated his intentions on this point a good many months ago, has more recently been not- ably silent about them. SUCH is the background. Perhaps the professionals, in considering this background, have paid too little attention to the foreground, and especially to the peculiar relationship between the President and Dean Acheson. Those close to Acheson still appear to be convinced that he has no intention of leaving his office. Yet they also say that the failure of the Senate to confirm his friend, Philip Jessup, has been the worst blow that Acheson has received to date. And there is no doubt at all that if a truce is arranged in Korea, and Acheson comes back from his present journey to Paris and Rome in a posi- tion to claim successes abroad, a new situation will exist in which Acheson can retire gracefully, not "under fire." Perhaps one last set of factors should also be considered by the eager bettors. Within the White House itself, while Mrs. Truman continues to urge the President not to run again, the professional zinhabitants of the executive woodwork are urging the President to t'ake the opposite course. They do this naturally, because their live- lihoods and their self-importances depend upon Truman. But here again, there is a balance of forces, between the cronies and the Presi- dent's wife, so that here also there is uncertainty. (Copyright, 1951, New York Herald Tribune, Inc.) ( 5 i ON THE Washington Merry-Go-Round WITH DREW PEARSON GEN. RIDGWAY'S GENIUS T HAS BEEN OBSCURED by the' public's general apathy toward the Korean war, but the fact remains that Gen. Matthew Ridgway is emerging as one of the outstand- ing military leaders of recent time. His accomplishments do not make spec- tacular headlines, because he does not go in for sudden dashes and grandiose press communiques. Nevertheless by careful or- ganization and training he has cut casual- ties to a minimum, continued to gain ground, and done an amazing job of train- ing Korean troops. These in turn have relieved American and other U.N. forces. The South Koreans have always been the weakest link in the U.N. line. They fought like tigers while winning, but ran like rab- bits when the tide turned. Every time a South Korean division stampeded under fire, it left the American flanks wide open to Communist infiltration. Ridgway has changed all this. He did so by first interspersing South Korean units with American units to give the South Kor- eans experience fighting side by side with veteran G.I.s He also assigned South Kor- eans to count the Chinese dead, so they might overcome their psychological fear of the Chinese. Next, Ridgway broke up the South Kor- .._ J1 .- - -- _,- reb ii~irra-i G an trained English-speaking Koreans as artil- lery spotters and liaison men to improve the ground-air teamwork between the South Korean divisions and the Air Force. The total result has been that Ridgway has changed a turntail South Korean army into a tough fighting force. This is best indicated by the Korean bat- tle communiques. A few months ago these kept the location of South Korean divisions top secret for fear the enemy would con- centrate on them. Now their location is openly reported. For what was once the weak South Korean link is now as steel- strong as any other link in Ridgway's line. Note-During the last all-out Commun- ist offensive, the sixth South Korean di- vision caved in and left a gaping hole in the line. Remembering this, the Chinese struck again at the Sixth Division early this month, .hitting with everything they had. This time the South Koreans held tenaciously. After smoke of battle had cleared up, they actually counted 2,000 Chinese dead compared with 20 South Korean dead. This may mean that the Korean ground war eventually can be turned over to the South Koreans, and many of the American ground divisions can be pulled out of Korea altogether. The Air Force, however, will have t oremain. Editorials published in The Michigan Daily° are written by members of The Daily staff and represent the views of the writers only. BARNES CONNABLE: Night Editor Owen Brewster, Republican, is trying to persuade fellow Republicans in West Vir- ginia to nominate ex-Secretary of Defense Louis Johnson, a Democrat, for senator next year. (The two have worked together sub rosa for a long time as friends of Pan American Airway.) . . . Senate investigators, checking reports of widespread gambling by servicemen, around Great Falls, Mont., found a great deal of prostitution, but not much gambling. DRY LOBBY SCORES TE BREWERIES are screaming over a fast one pulled on them by South Caro- lina's fast-working Sen. Olin Johnston. Thanks to Johnston, temperance organiza- tions now get cheap postal rates-together with a new lease on life in waging the battle of prohibition. For the senator from South Carolina, him- self a dry, quietly slipped temperance litera- ture alongside religious, educational and philanthropic literature when the Senate was voting the postal concessions. No one noticed that temperance literature was in the bill until the Senate-House conferees came across it while ironing out differences between the Senate and House bills. Now the breweries are really screaming. RUSSIAN WEAPONS S. AMBASSADOR KIRK, just returned from Moscow, has personally warned -- - - - A a a P International . . MUDDLE EAST-The Iranian charter member of the "Lion's Tail-Twisting Society" seemed amenable to sweet reason but the other leading participant, Egypt, was just getting more and more frustrated. After talks with President Truman and Secretary of State Acheson, Iran's Premier Mossadegh summoned Kazem Habibi, his top oil expert, from Tehran to Washington, leading observers to hope that a settlement was in the offing. But bandwagon tail-twister Egypt was having no such luck. Refusing to issue Suez clearance to British shipping, Egypt stood helplessly by while the British vessels steamed through the locks under the protecting guns of warships. Riots, protests and an omnious con- ference between Egypt's premier and the Soviet Ambassador, brought only additional reinforcement to British garrisons. GIVE AND TAKE-The current battle line would have to be the basis of any armistice boundary, UN negotiators told their Communist opposite numbers as truce-talkers met for the first time at the new Panmunjom site this week. So far Red delegates have shown no sign of budging from demands for a 38th parallel settlement but neither have they left off talking. National .. . CHURCH AND STATE-A long-quiescent neuron of the Ameri- can nervous system this week demonstrated loudly that it wasn't dead yet. President Truman's nomination of Gen. Mark Clark as this country's first ambassador to the Vatican started a hassle which showed signs of sputtering till the Senate reconvenes in January. Impressed by the fuss, the president announced that he would not at- tempt a recess appointment, would wait for Senate decision. AND SO TO BED-The 82nd Congress, the "Investigating Con- gress," finally got around to passing tax and appropriation bills. The bad news: nearly six billion dollars in new taxes, 13 billion dollars in appropriations, including seven billion in foreign military and eco- nomic aid. President Truman signed all three measures with several misgivings. Congress then shut up shop and went fencemending until the January session. STRUCK STEVEDORES-Sullen inactivity pervaded New York wharfs and docks where everything from rotting bananas to vital war material sat-immobilized by a wildcat strike of insurgent dock work- ers. At week's end union leaders, ace-mediator Clyde Mills and a presidential appeal to the recalcitrant workers had failed to put Humpty-Dumpty together again. Already there were dark mutterings of possible use of the Taft-Harley law or, extremely drastic, a procla- mation of national emergency to get the giant port pumping again, -Zander Hollander and Crawford Young Xettep4 TO THE EDITOR The Daily welcomes communica- tions from its readers on matters of general interest, and will publish all letters which are signed by the writer and in good taste. Letters exceeding 300 words in length, defamatory or libelous letters, and letters which for any reason are not in good taste will be condensed, edited or withheld from publicationt at the discretion of the editors. Kefauver .. . To the Editor: WE, THE UNDERSIGNED, hav- ing attended the recent lec- ture at Hill Auditorium given by Senator Kefauver of Tennessee and having profited much from attending this lecture and being mature students at the University of Michigan wishing to consider all points of view on vital issues such as crime in America, do hereby suggest that the University Oratorical Society invite to speak on this campus, an individual whose views will more fully ac- quaint us with this problem, Mr. Frank Costello of New York City. -E. Sterling Sader and others MONEY may buy the husk of many things, but not the ker- nel. It brings you food, but not appetite, medicine but not health, acquaintances but not friends, servants but not faithfulness, days of joy but not peace or happiness. --Henrik Ibsen EXPERIENCE is not what hap- pens to a man. It is what a man does with when happens to him. -Aldous Huxley Ig Sixty-Second Year Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board of Control of Student Publications. Editorial Staff Chuck Elliott .........Managing Editor Bob Keith................City Editor Leonard Greenbaum. Editorial Director Vern Emerson......Feature Editor Rich Thomas ..........Associate Editor Ron Watts ............Associate Editor Bob Vaughn .,...... ..Associate Editor Ted Papes .............Sports Editor George Flint ...Associate Sports Editor Jim Parker ... Associate Sports Editor Jan James..........Women's Editor Jo Ketelhut, Associate Women's Editor Business Staff Bob Miller.........Business Manager Gene Kuthy, Assoc. Business Manager Charles Cuson ... Advertising Manager Sally Fish..........Finance Manager Stu Ward ......... Circulation ,Manager Telephone 23-24-1 Member of The Associated Press The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use- for republication 01 all news dispatches credited to it or otherwise credited to this newspaper. All rights of republication of all other matters herein are also reserved. Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor. Michigan, as second-class trail. matter. Subscription during regular school year: by carrier, $6.00; by mail, $7.00. BARNABY Well, m'boy, ASK him what he sees in the fal-c-r .He , msnea FnnWish, doen't he? What were you barking at? Why would I bark of something I know? See? Now we're arguing- i