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EDITOR'S NOTE
See Page 4
Latest Deadline in the State SHOWERS
,
VOL. LXI, No. 170
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, JUNE 1, 1951
EIGHT PAGES
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Faculty Split on
Deferment Issue.
Educator's Views on Various Draft
Programs Revealed in Daily Poll
E
i
By VERNON EMERSON
Faculty members seem about equally divied on whether or not
"they'also serve who sit and study."
Of 187 faculty members representing arious departments in every
school and college in the University, 66 favor a plan of Universal
Military Service for all youths, 73 favor deferring qualified students,
and 38 favor a middle plan which would send everyone to the armed
services for basic training, but then allow those qualified to attend
college.
Nearly half of the educators who preferred the plan of draft
director Lewis B. Hershey, which is at present in effect, noted that
results of the nation-wide college aptitude tests should be used
by draft boards in an advisory capacity only.
The results were obtained by an unscientific survey in which The
Daily attempted to contact every member of the faculty to determiee
his feelings about student draft and its effect on the University in the
coming year.
Three basic choices in draft programs were presented:
1. A Universal Military Service plan such as the one suggested by
Harvard's president, James Conant. Under this program any youth
reaching his 18th birthday would enter a two year per.iod of service
in the armed forces or if physically unfit, would serve a similar period
in defense work.
2. A plan proposed by Everett Case of Colgate which would re-
quire a brief basic military training for every man when he reaches
military age, but which would institute a national test to determine
whether an applicant is fit to attend college when this period of
training is over. Presumably those not qualified would continue their
service in the armed forces for a set period.
3. The plan recommended by Gen. Hershey's Advisory Committee
and endorsed by 87 per cent of the nation's college presidents which
temporarily exempts students from the draft who have a certain grade
standing or receive a passing grade on a nation-wide aptitude test.
* * * *
MANY OF THOSE who returned The Daily questionnaires felt that
they could not make a definite "yes" or "no" answer to either of the
three programs. Others okayed more than one proposal.
The main criticism of the all-out deferment program was that
it is simply undemocratic to let students finish school before
serving.
Prof. Aarre K. Lahti, of the architecture college, pointed out that
the plan does not take basic intelligence and natural ability into proper
consideration, and minimizes past education and educational oppor-
tunities. He claimed that there are many loopholes in aptitude tests
which do not measure the student's seriousness, drive and determina-
tion.
* * *
OTHERS FELT grades alone are a poor measure of college ability.
And Prof. Marshall Knappen, of the political science department,
said that he does not believe the country is ready to accept the principle
of granting deferment from danger because of academic qualifications.
William Kerr, of the engineering college, admitted that the
program is not fair In the sense that some men have to do the
"dirty work." But he pointed out that the whole draft system is
unfair in that it calls only upon young men.
"A system of this type is used not to equalize sacrifice, but to
most efficiently fight a war. Using this criteria, if college trained men
are needed to fight the war, the quickest and most efficient way to
get college trained men is to defer those now in school."
FEW OF THOSE answering the questionnaire who favored defer-
ment of students would limit the policy to only technical fields.
Prof. Oliver Edel, of the music school, nothed that "It seems
fairly obvious that for some time the world had its full share of
those who excel in the practice of war, and a lamentably insuffi-
cient few who excel In the arts of peace and in the knowledge and
ability to preserve it."
Another commented that the armed forces needs men who have
been exposed to stimuli which encourage thinking along general, non-
technical lines. These men are needed in our political, economic and
social relations, he remarked.
NUMEROUS OTHER considerations for making deferments were
suggested, such as honesty, loyalty, dependency status, hardship, evi-
dence of serious effort and capability toward potential usefulness.
Most were skeptical, however, of deferring students on the
basis of leadership in campus activities.
One historian, however, said that such leadership is of great im-
portance to the armed services.
* * * *
ALTHOUGH almost half of those favoring the deferment recom-
mendations advocated that the test and grade results be used by local
draft boards in their consideration of granting final deferment, Prof.
Fred Smith of the zoology department, said that draft boards are too
heterogeneous to do this. "If used, the test results should be applied on
an absolute basis."
An economist suggested that students now in school should
be allowed to complete their programs to serve as a bridge for the
gap that would result if the UMS plan is put into effect.
As for the Conant UMS idea itself, the greatest number of objec-
tions were raised against the length of the program. Many said they
would have okayed the plan if it were cut down to a year.
Roland Selmonson, of the business administration school, feared
that the plan would impair the incentive of young men to attend col-
lege after service.
And Prof. E. F. Baker, of the physics department, felt UMS
Would impose a great strain on our economy and be wasteful of
manpower.
"The best age for learning is the period from about 16 to 22,"
Norman Kurland, of the history department, said. "For those young
men needed in college to waste even two of these years in the army
would seriously affect the nation's human resources."
Irby C. Nichols, Jr., also of the history department, felt, however,
that such a plan is the only practical one if the United States is to
discharge its global commitments.
SEVERAL EDUCATORS suggested that an in-service training
program be established. Under such a program, qualified service men
would be sent to college to study at government exnense.
Reds Invited
To New Big
FourParley
End To Present
DeadlockSought
PARIS--(P)-The Western Big
Three invited Russia yesterday to
a Foreign Ministers' Conference in
Washington July 23 to discuss ten-
sions which are threatening world
peace.
The invitation was a challenge
to the Soviets to end the 13 weeks
of quibbling in which the Big
Four Deputy Foreign Ministers
have been deadlocked here on
what subjects their chiefs should
discuss at such a meeting-a con-
ference originally suggested by
Russia.
* * *
IN IDENTICAL notes to the
Kremlin, Britain, France and the
United States asked Russia to
choose one of three suggested
agenda for the Foreign Ministers'
meeting.
Agreement. has been reached
on most of the items to be dis-
cussed, but Russia insists none
of the agenda is acceptable un-
less the North Atlantic Pact and
American bases in Europe are
included.
U. S. Deputy Phillip Jessup, who
was chairman of yesterday's meet-
ing, read the text of the 600-word
American note to Soviet delegate
Andrei Gromyko at the opening of
Reds
Bad
Beat
Weather 'Aids
Resistance
*
*
*
*
*
I
War Plans Revealed by Sherman
Back
Allied
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Mac Told
Forces,
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In December 1
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To Prepare
the 64th meeting of
Foreign Ministers.
the Deputy
Request for
A rbiter in
Iran Vetoed
TEHRAN. Iran--(.A')-A Foreign
Office spokesman said last night
the International Court at the
Hague had rejected the British
request for appointment of an ar-
bitrator in the dispute between
Iran and the Anglo-Iranian Oil
Company,
The statement by the spokes-
man was not clear, but he ap-
peared to mean that the court held
it could not name an arbitrator
until after it had considered both
the British complaint and the re-
ply of the Iranian government.
British observers here said yes-
terday the government's apparent
determination to take over the
Anglo-Iranian installations im-
mediately left little hope for any
settlement by negotiation.
Premier Mohammed Mossadegh
has stated repeatedly that his
chief aim is to kick the British out
of Iran's oil industry and stop
their "interfering" in Iran's poli-
tics.
Rent Control
Decision Due
The future of rent controls in
Ann Arbor will probably be de-
cided at the Ann Arbor City Coun-
cil meeting June 18.
The question of whether rent
controls in the city should be con-
tinued or not is now being'studied
by the Rent Control Committee
of the council.
If the council should vote to
decontrol rents in Ann Arbor, the
Federal Rent Control Board would
be forced to honor the decision
of the local governing group.
Commencement
Orders Available
Commencement announcement
and personal card orders may be
picked up between 1 p.m. and
4:30 p.m. Monday through Wed-
nesday at the Administration Bldg.
for all schools except the law
school, the medical school, the
dentistry school and the Graduate
School.
All students must have their re-
ceipts, as no announcements will
be mailed. A limited supply of
extra announcements and booklets
has been ordered, and these will
Korean Situation
Prompted Order
WASHINGTON --(R)- Admiral
Forrest Sherman disclosed yes-
terday the Joint Chiefs of Staff
were so gravely concerned over the
Korean war situation early last
December that they ordered Gen.
Douglas MacArthur to get his
forces ready for a possible world
war.
This order went out, he said,
after the joint chiefs were told
that MacArthur felt the United
Nations should accept an armis-
tice "on the best terms available"
and the army would have to quit
Korea unless the war could be
carried against Red China.
* * *
THE CHIEF of Naval Opera-
tions gave this testimony to the
Senate Armed Services and For-
eign Relations Committees in their
inquiry into the MacArthur dis-
missal.
It was the first revelation by
any of the top-ranking military
chiefs that the winter retreat
of the Allied forces had held
the peril of World War III.
or that MacArthur had sug-
gested an armistice.r
This period of deep gloom came
ten days after the start of the'
Red Chinese' first big offensive.
Senators ended their question-
ing of Sherman shortly after noon
and cleared the way for Secre-
tary of State Acheson to start his
testimony today.
Veteran Group
To organize
HousingUnit
The American Veterans Com-
mittee of Ann Arbor announced
yesterday that it is organizing a
non-segregated housing develop-
ment.
The development is needed be-
cause of "the city's inadequate
housing facilities and the immin-
ent removal of rent controls," AVC
member Marvin Tableman said.
THE AVC plans to interest as
many people as possible in their
project, and then collectively
choose a site and the type of
housing.
The development will be set
up under the Federal Housing
Act, which provides for small
down payments and an extend-
ed time for full payment.
Also the unit will be able to
economize by buying building
materials in large quantities,
Tableman predicted. "Faculty, stu-
dents and veterans will find the
unit fitted to their finances," he
said.
The co-op unit is open to any-
one interested. Information can.
be obtained by calling Douglas
Miller at 2-8366, or writing him
at 211 S. State.
Hut To Continue
As Lunchroom
The Quonset hut lunchroom on
E. University got a new lease on
life yesterday as Francis C. Shiel,
manager of Service Enterprises,
announced that the lunchroom
would continue in operation.
Earlier plans to convert the hut
WILLIAM WIEGAND
Need Stress
On Subjfect,
PoetSays
"Poetry to be good has to have
good subject matter," Mark Van
Doren, famed poet and author,
said yesterday, speaking at the
Hopwood Awards assembly in
Rackham Lecture Hall.
"Today we do not hear enough
about the subject matter of poet-
ry, he emphasized. "Poets are
damned or praised for their way
with language, as if language were
the aim and end of all their art."
* * *
?HmEmrSAID the job of the con-
temporary poet is what the job
of poets has always been-to think
and feel as deeply as he can. He
explained that the central subject
matter for any age is life and
truth, justice and mercy.
"Much of today's literature
spends too much time proving by
documentation that the 20th cen-
tury is not what some people
thought it was going to be." he
said.
Van Doren asserted that the
great poet knows the world and
how to live in it. "Others make
the mistake of believing that
the world is heaven-or worse
yet, that it should have been."
Because Cervantes understood
people, he may be considered a
great poet, though he wrote in
prose, he said.j
"In fact," he concluded, "prose"
fiction today is the most interest-
ing poetry we have. Our movies,
westerns, and detective tales, how-
ever good or bad, add to the poetry
of this age."
Guild Co-Sponsors
Needed Next Fall
Petitions for groups wishing to
co-sponsor Student Legislature
Cinema Guild film showings next
fall will be re-opened in October,
according to Bob Baker, chairman
of the SL committee.
The first five weekends of the
semester have already been given
to the Displaced Persons Commit-
tee, Inter-Arts Union, Wyvern and
Mortarboard, the Women's Glee
Club, AIM and WSSF, leaving
more than a dozen free weekends
from November to January.
Wolverine Trips
Today is the last day this semes-
ter to make reservations with the
Wolverine Club for next year's
Illinois and Cornell games.
Reservations will be accepted
from 1:00 to 4:30 p.m. at the Ad-
ministration Bldg.
KATHLEEN MUSSER
SAUL GOTTLIEB
<. .-
Hopwood Honors
Go to 14 Students
#Kathleen Musser, Grad., copped
top honors in the 21st annual Hop-
wood creative writing contest yes-
terday by winning two awards in
the major division,
Miss Musser, of Kalamazoo, re-
ceived $1,300, $800 for her novel,
"Undertow" and $500 for her poe-
try, "Diary."
*
THIRTEEN OTHER University
students divided $5,800 more in
Cox 's Father
Blocks Lie
TestAttempt
An attempt to submit the "dry
ice" story of George Cox, '54, to
a liedetector test was blocked
yesterday by the youth's father.
Cox's father, Robert 0. Cox,
refused to allow the test, saying
that his son's condition would not
permit it at this time, according
to Assistant Prosecutor Edmond
DeVine.
THE PROSECUTOR'S office re-
quested the test after a report
from state police laboratories in-
dicated that there was no dirt on
the trousers or socks that Cox had
worn on the night of the incident.
Earlier, Cox told detectives
tha he had crawled and walked
several blocks in his socking
feet after he was beaten and
burned.
DeVine said that he offered to
get statements from University
Hospital authorities saying that
Cox was physically able to take
the test but Cox's father still with-
held permission.
IFC To Collect
Books Next Week
Three IFC Book Exchange sta-
tions will be open from 10 to 12
a.m. and 1 to 3 p.m. next Thursday
and Friday for the use of those
students who intend to sell used
text books through the Exchange
next fall.
The stations. will be set up at
the Main Library, Angell Hall and
the Business Administration Bldg.
Students will be given receipts up-
on acceptance of their books.
prize money. Eight awards were
given in the major division for
senior and graduate students and
eight in the minor division for un-
dergraduates. Prof. Roy W. Cow-
den, director of the Hopwood
wards, announced the names of
the winners at an assembly in the
Rackham Lecture Hall.
Another Hopwood double win-
ner was Saul Gottlieb, '52, of
Willow Run. He won two $250
awards in the minor division.
One was for fiction, "Three
Stories," and the other for poe-
try "To Be a Conscript of 1950.'
Gottlieb won freshman awards
in all three catagories-fiction,
essay and poetry-in 1950, and
also received a minor award in
drama.
The largest individual award of
the contest went to William G.
Wiegand, Grad., of Detroit, who
won $900 for his novel "Spider
Love." Wiegand won a freshman
award in poetry in 1948, minor
awards in drama and essay in
1948, and a summer award in
essay in 1949. Last year he was
the winner of the Mary Roberts
Rinehart Mystery Novel Contest.
* * 4
AN ADDITIONAL $700 award in
the major fiction contest was
given to Mrs. Elinor Chamberlain
Kuhns, Grad., for her novel, "The
Bamboo Plow."
In the major drama centest,
two awards of $600 each were
presented. The winners were
Richard McCaughey, Grad., of
Keeseville, N. Y. for "Strangers
in the Street"; and Kenneth
Goldstein, Grad., of New York
City for "Live on Air."
* * *
MICHAEL THORNTON, Grad.,
of Le Center, Minn., won $700 in
the major essay division for "Mis-
sissippi Interval."
In the major poetry contest,
$800 was presented to Francis
O'Hara, G r a d., of Grafton,
Mass., for "A Byzantine Place."
In addition to Gottlieb's award
in the minor poetry division, Rose-
mary Morris, '52, of Grand Rapids
received $150 for "Poems," and
Stephen Sheffrey, '53, of Ann Ar-
bor, also won $150 for "Poems."
In the minor fiction field, a
$200 prize went to Matthew Mc-
Gregor, '51, of Detroit, for "A
Long Hour's Dying," and $150
was won by Allison Shumsky,
'52, for "The Infantines."
A minor drama award of $100,
was presented to Joan Striefling,
of Detroit for "Four Aces."
Henry Miller, '52, of Detroit,
won $250 in th minor essay divi-
sion for "A Thousand Citadels."
Four Actors, Quit
UN Retreats
Along North
Korean Line
Enemy Opens Up
Artillery Barrage
TOKYO-(P)--Fiercely fighting
Communists, aided by some of the.
worst weather of the Korean war,
today beat back United Nations
forces aimed at the sensitive Red
assembly centers in North Korea.
Stiffened Red resistance w
felt all along the line. At some
points the Communists counter-
attacked and forced UN troops in-
to limited withdrawals.
*
ARTILLERY FIRE defending
the major Red bases at Chorwon
and Kumwha, 17 and 20 miles
north of parallel138, was described
in field dispatches as one of the
heaviest barrages of the war.
An Eighth Army staff officer
said a tank-infantry I o r cec
slogged through knee-deep mud
to reach Yanggu on the eastern
end of the Hwachon reservoir.
But the force pulled back to its
own lines after coming under
heavy enemy fire in the town.
Allied forces took Hwachon town
Sunday and won control aver
the dam Wednesday.
Detailed reports from the raging
central front fighting were hamp-
ered by poor communications with
frontline correspondents. Censors
were reported hacking heavily on
all dispatches.
Every effort of the Allies to push
up the mountainous center of the
peninsula have been stopped ex-
cept for isolated gains of up to
three miles.
Field dispatches said the artil-
lery barrage was hurled against
Allied units driving on the major
enemy bases of Chorwon and
Kumhwa, 17 and 20 air miles re-
spectively north of the 38th paral-
lel. By last reports the Allies were
about 10 miles south of Chorwon
and 12 south of Kumhwa.
Senate Delays
Vote on Draft
Compromise
WASHINGTON -- ()-- A last-
minute objection yesterday caused
an overnight delay in Senate ac
tion on the draft-universal mili-
tary training compromise.
Senator Russell (D-Ga.), chair-
man of the Armed Services Com-
mittee, had planned to push the
bill through to approval late yes-
terday. However, Senator Case
(R-S.D.) objected to voting im-
mediately on a measure of "such
far-reaching scope" and Russell
agreed to wait until today.
Committees representing the
House and Senate agreed Monday
on terms of the long-debated leg-
islation. It would extend the draft
law four years, lower the mini-
mum draft age to 182 years and
lay the foundation of a future
universal military training sys-
tem.
Senator Taft (R-Ohio) support-
ed Case in his objection, saying
that there was no hurry since the
House couldn't act on the bill un-
til June 6 or 7.
Draft Report
Forms Here
University men who wish to
have a report of their class stand-
ing for the current academic year
sent to their draft board can ob-
tain the proner forms and neces-
I
World News
By The Associated Press