,, I FOUR THE MICH1GAN DAILY il.JiSiAY', MAY 8, 1451, _______________________________________________________________________________________________ U m...wwm.. Israeli-Syrian Problem FANDER HQLLANDER'S stirring defense of Israel in his Sunday editorial "Bor- er Clash" revealed his keen insight into he Arabian mind. However, he was un- iindful of several facts, which made his nclusions exaggerated. On April 6, both Israel and Syrian ac- cepted these adjuncts to their Armistice provisions: (14 The withdrawal of all military forces from the demilitarized zone. (2) No further fighting within the zone or across demarcation lines. (3) The responsibility of thee Chairman of the Mixed Armistice Commission to determine when normal life might resume in the zone. At the same time, Colonel Bennet C. de bdder, Acting Chief of Staff of the UN CURRENT MOVIES PH Jq t The State .. . FOLLOW THE SUN, with Glenn Ford and Ann Baxter. H OWEVER YOU look at it, the scenario they have cooked up to dramatize the life and trials of Golfer Ben Hogan is a lazy one. There is no doubt that the basic story of Hogan's "comeback" is first-rate copy at sports page level, but it is so badly impaired here by the false selectioi of embroidery that the net result waters down the dramatic punch of the original. Adapters of yester- day's newspaper yarn have two strikes against them to begin with, unfortunately, and the writers of this script allow them- selves little artistic latitude in their cau- tiously formed product. "Follow the Sun," as a result never comes close to achieving the believable characterizations of "The Stratton Story" or the contagious spirit of the first Jol- son picture, both of which might be term- ed satisfactory benchmarks for the la- mentable practice of filming the biogra- phies of living people./ Still, if producers insist on committing this iniquity with- out the perspective of time, honest drama- tic values are still an initial need. These are not met by introducing tangents, as is done here by a quick glance at the tang- led love life of another golfer. Nor will sloppily motivated complexes that are true neither to the real Hogan, nor justi- fied in the make-believe Hogan suffice. Glenn Ford enacts the sports-hero stero- type with the same modesty that Cooper and Stewart have used. But why Hogan should be an "unpopular" champion under his in- terpretation is a mystery. Anne Baxter is his ever-loyal wife. Dennis O'Keefe tries to be the sub-plot and the comic reliefs all at once, which leaves him too busy to make a convincing golfer. Hogan incidentally fires his own shots in the picture. The tournament scenes them- selves are good, and compensate a little fo#, waning dramatic interest. -Bill Wiegand Truce Supervision Organization, said: "As long as the Israeli-Syrian General Armis- tice Agreement is in force, territory con- trolled by Israel is West of the demilitarized zone demarcation line, the demilitarized zone having a 'special status'." On April 26, both Major Gen. William E. Riley, Chief of Staff of the UN Truce Super- vision Organization in Palestine, and Ralph Bunche, former Acting Mediator for Pales- tine, concurred with Ridder. Bunche said: "The restoration of normal civilian life in the buffer zone was the goal, but this pro- cess can be neither automatic nor left to the discretion of the parties.tNeither party can validly claim to have a free hand in the demilitarized zone." The official UN position was that neith- er Israel nor Syria could exercise mili- tary or civilian authority in the demili- tarized area. But Israel claimed that tie zone was in Israeli territory, and conse- quently that she had the right to under- take drainage of the Huleh Marshes. This, of course, irritated the impulsive Arabian and fighting ensued. If we are to stand on the side of progress in the Middle East, we cannot help but ad- mire the energetic undertakings of Israel. But in this case, the Israeli move was a fla- grant violation of UN directives. The Israeli were, as Riley said, too impatient and blun- dered into the clash. As is so often the case with the petty Is- rael-Arab squabbles, both parties were equal- ly in the wrong. Syrian forces were hardly justified in entering the demilitarized zone. The way was open to appeal their griev- ances to the UN Truce Commission. Similar- ly, the Israeli should have consulted the Syrians of their reclamation plans, and had that failed, they could have aired their case before the UN. In his editorial, Hollander did touch up- on an important factor in the feud, namely, that incorrigible Arab sovereigns, attempting to preserve an outdated political, economic, and social order, have been trying to divert the discontented minds of their peoples from their domestic squalor towards a blind be- lligerence against Israel. Israeli leaders don't seem to recognize this. If they did, Israel should logically concen- trate on consolidating its present precarious position and refrain from in any way anta- gonizing the easily provoked Arabs. The im- patience of the Israelis in the Huleh inci- dent only served to acid fuel to the peren- nial "Westward Ho!" cry of the Arab leaders. Actually, this is a two-fold problem. The Arab peoples must recognize that Israel is an established, de facto state and turn their attention toward reforming the domestic Arab order, and oust the time- servers of that order. Only when the Arab World undergoes a sweeping reformation will Israel be assured of peaceful neigh- bors. As for Israel, it is incumbent on her lead- ers to convince Mr. Hollander's "ignorant peasants"-not only by words but by ac- tion-that the Israeli harbor no aggressive designs in the Levant. She could do so by biding her time and refraining from any future antagonism of the Arabs. -Khalil Mohammed Abusamra MATTER OF FACT By JOSEPH ALSOP ATHENS-It is easy to sum up the im- pression of American policy making that is left by a tour in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. Evidently the men who make our national policy are like dis- tracted cooks confronting an enormous stove covered with dozens of different pots, all bubbling away - simultaneously. The cooks only watch the most conspicuous pots- Western Europe, for example. The other pots get no attention until they either scorch or boil over. Even from the perspective of Athens, it is all too clear that Iran must now be placed in the category of pots that have boiled over, like China in the past. When this reporter left Teheran, the American and British motto was that "time would cure all things, and that in time an agreed settlement of the oil nationaliza- tion issue could be arranged with the Iranian government." Even then, it seem- ed that time was more likely to produce an explosion than a settlement, unless the Foreign Office and State Department could concert strong preventive measures. The explosion has now occurred with the political triumph of the National Front leader, Dr. Mohammed Mussadegh, an aged extremist who lives in a private world of violent dreams. With Dr. Mussadegh as Prime Minister, it is pretty safe to predict that one of two things will have happened in Iran within the next few days. Either the British will have moved troops into southern Iran (presumably flying them from Suez) in order to protect their oil proper- ties, or the Iranian extremists will have seized the British oil properties by main force. In addition, there are signs that Dr. Mass- adegh is contemplating a deal with the So- viet Union, and that the Shah, the only relatively stable element in Iranian politics, is again planning to flee. Certainly it is childishly unrealistic to talk about "nego- tiating" with Dr. Massadegh, as Foreign Secretary Morrison has been talking. A min- or disaster is the best result that can now be hoped for from the long neglected Iran- ian situation; a major disaster, engulfing all the vital region of the Middle East, is all too possible. Meanwhile, the situation in the Eastern Mediteranean is clearly in the other ca- tegory, of pots that neglect will cause to scorch. At present. the opportunity still exists to tie the Greek, Turkish and Yugo- slav armies into the Western security system. But it is troublesome to do what is really necessary in order to exploit this great opportunity-to offer the Yugo- slavs a sensible and adequate program of arms aid, and to give the Turks and Greeks the guarantees they want against aggression. Moreover, there is the crucial problem of the Mediterranean command. Until recently, it was thoroughly taken for granted that Adm. Robert Carney would be the Medit- terranean commander of the future. Carney even journeyed to Ankara and Athens to discuss liaison arrangements. If Adm. Car- ney were given the Mediterranean command, he could easily tie in the NATO area in the Western Mediterranean with this area in the Eastern Mediterranean. A British com- mander, for various local reasons of pre- judice and sentiment, can not possibly wield the same authority. But the American Chiefs of Staff, with unparalleled short sightedness, accepted the Atlantic command for Adm. William Fech- teler. As the British Chiefs of Staff must have realized at the time, this made it in- evitable that a British appointment would be regarded as "only fair" here in the Medi- terranean. And it is also troublesome to dis- entangle this silly mess, and name a British commander in the Atlantic and an Ameri- can commander in the Mediterranean. Because of the search for an easy way out, the command problem is fumbled; the Turkish and Greek requests for guarantees are met with empty words; and the Yugo- slavs are "aided" in driblets. Thus, the op- portunity here is passing. If suspicion and disgust increase much further at Belgrade; if neutralism gains much more ground at Ankara, the opportunity will simply cease to exist. On the surface, this sort of missed chance may not seem very grave. In fact, however, the Turks, Greeks and Yugoslavs represent a potential of seventy fighting divisions. These divisions are in being, and are located on the most sensitive Soviet flank, the flank of the always distrusted satellites. With reasonable equipment and good air support the Turks, Greeks and Yugoslavs could, in case of trouble, drive to the Danube, threatening the whole satellite area. In short, throwing away this splendid op- portunity in the Eastern Mediterranean will be like passively accepting a gigantic de- feat in war. Equally if the Western world loses control of the vital oil resource and strategic positions in the Middle East, this will also amount to a staggering military -3 .4 - 4 , . . , ...,..... ta, . ,, - .,t .~ .,. . I" ON THE Washington Merry-Go-Round with DREW PEARSON WASHINGTON-It isn't often that the newspaper denials issued by high public officials catch up to them so quickly as is now shown by the MacArthur Senate hearings. Usually a newspaperman's word counts for little compared with that of a cabinet officer, the president or a general-especially a gen- eral as high as Douglac MacArthur. However, the Senate hearings have now shed interesting light on some of these denials. Here are a few illustrations: 1. Home by Christmas-When the Associated Press cabled from Korea that MacArthur had made a statement promising to bring American troops home by Christmas. it was promptly denied. Not only did Gen. Floyd Parks, the Army Press Relations Officer at the Pentagon rush into print with a statement claiming the AP had mis- quoted MacArthur. But MacArthur personally cabled a denial to Ra Henle for use on his Five-Star Final radio program. "At no time have I ever attempted to predict the course of termination of this or any other military campaign," MacArthur cabled on Nov. 28- Last week, however, it was disclosed that MacArthur officially informed the President that he expected to bring American troops home by Christmas. In other words, the AP had not misquoted Mac- Arthur after all. 2. U.S. troops on Chinese border-On Nov. 8, this column reported that "the State Department had warned that if we approached the Yalu River area, the Chinese would react in about the same way as the people of Los Angeles if a Mexican army should approach Boulder Dam which supplies much of their water. Therefore the State' De- partment long ago urged that UN troops stop this side of the Man- churian border ... the Joint Chiefs of Staff heartily concurred in this. "However, when MacArthur reached the neutrality belt," this col- umn reported on Nov. 8, "he wired Washington for permission to send South Korean troops beyond to the Manchurian border. He said they were to go on mopping-up missions and as military police to maintain order. "However, MacArthur's intelligence was faulty and the South Korean troops found themselves badly outnumbered. When they got into trouble, MacArthur wired Washington for permission to . send U.S. troops to rescue them. While the Joint Chiefs of Staff didn't like this, they found it difficult to overrule the commander in the field." This story was denied from Tokyo at the time. Again only a few days ago, MacArthur stated that at no time did he receive any warning that Chinese troops might intervene. When grilled by senators, however, MacArthur confirmed the in- formation carried in the Nov. 8 column. He admitted that the Joint Chiefs recommended halting UN troops on a defensible ridge south of the Manchurian border, thatthey wanted South Korean troops only to go into North Korea, he explained, "but that tactical conditions were such that South Koreans were not able to do the job." 3. Arms to Japan-Another hot dispute has been over the ques- tion of using extra arms for arming South Koreans or using them to defend Japan. On March 31, 1951, MacArthur was asked by Freeman Magazine why he was refused more arms to the South Koreans. Here is his reply, dated April 5: "The issue is one determined by the Republic of Korea and the United States government and involves basic political decisions be- yond my authority." However, MacArthur's cable to the Joint Chiefs, dated Jan. 6, 1951, does not jibe with this. Taking exactly the opposite posi- tion, he recommended: "that the over-all interests of the United States will be better served by making these weapons available to increase the security of Japan rather than arming additional Republic of Korea forces." He was referring to additional arms which Washington was mak- ing available for the South Koreans if MacArthur agreed.. Signifi- cantly he did not propose that these extra arms be used for Ciang Kai-Shek's troops though he has told members of Congress that he repeatedly urged such a step. 4. Wake Island transcript-Following the New York Times pub- lication of the Wake Island conference story, MacArthur issued a statement casting doubt on its authenticity and stating that no tran- script was made of the Wake Island conference. Since then General Bradley has stated that five copies of the transcript were sent to MacArthur in Tokyo, and MacArthur, under cross examination by senators, has also admitted that the transcript is accurate. Anyone comparing the official transcript with the New York Times story, which MacArthur belittled, can see that it, also, is accurate. 5. No directives violated-Testifying before the Senate, MacArthur stated that in his long career as a soldier he had never violated any order from a superior. However, on Dec. 6, his superiors, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, gave him a directive categorically ordering him to make no speech, press release or public statement concerning foreign policy without clearing it first with the State Department; and no statement, speech, or press release on military policy without clearing it first with the Defense Department. (Copyright, 1951, by the Bel Syndicate, Inc.) "We've teen Using More Of A Roundish One" DORIS FLEESON: Sideline Issue WASHINGTON-What happens to the ordinary business of govern- ment in times like these, when all attention is concentrated upon war and mobilization issues with a few scandals thrown in, is illus- trated by the case of the Federal Power Commission. Very shortly President Truman will have it within his power to remake the commission by the appointment of two new mem- bers of the five-man group. Chairman Mon Wallgren, his inti- mate friend, has announced his retirement; Commissioner Claude Draper, elderly Republican who has spent 21 years at FPC, is telling friends that he will leave soon. This leaves Vice-Chairman Thomas C. Buchanan, advocate of consistent FPC monitoring of what constitutes fair natural-gas rates, in splendid isolation. By and large, his two remaining colleagues-- Commissioners Smith and Wimberly-supported the Kerr bill, vetoed by the President after a hard battle, which would remove natural-gas producers from FPC jurisdiction. Cynical observers within the immediate circles touched by FPC are suggesting that Sen. Robert Kerr, by reason of his effective and well-timed blasts against General MacArthur, now has a claim upon the president's gratitude which will enable him by the patronage route to accomplish what he failed to do legislatively. There is:no evidence to support the charge that the senator from Oklahoma has ulterior motives or his been slyly moving into FPC by the back door of the White House. What has been happening at FPC is even more serious from the standpoint of the taxpayers in whose presumed interest this and other public regulatory bodies are established with large staffs and supported in a style to which they rapidly become accustomed. Sen. Alexander Wiley of Wisconsin, the Republican conservative, called attention to it in a protest against the great increases the Phillips Petroleum Co. has effectively leveled against the people of his, state. With outward piety FPC, after three years, accepted a Phillips motion to limit its hearings to a purely juridictional question. In his lone dissent, Chairman Buchanan pointed out that, while appearing to put first things first, the ruling had the effect of delaying three years the time before FPC could look into the ques- tion of whether Wisconsin consumers were being overcharged, Since the Natural Gas Act makes no provisions for preparations even if FPO should finally so determine, the extent of Phillips' victory is obvious. The whole point of the Kerr Bill was to exempt independent natural-gas producers from FPC regulations, a move which Senator Douglas of Illinois, field marshal of the opposition, charged would mean soaring prices and stymie effective control of all rates. Presi- dent Truman vetoed the bill in one of his outstanding displays of political courage, though it had narrowly passed the House and passed the Senate. Since then, however, FPC, under the chairmanship of his own intimate, has allowed the Truman victory to fade into emptiness. In no single case has it asserted the powers to set fair-trade standards which the President intended to solidify. This has tended to transform FPC, in line with so many regulatory bodies established with high hopes and maintained against great odds, as a ratification agency rather than a fair-trade monitor. ' the ten- dency has been confirmed by state action: Kansas and Oklahoma have, by enabling acts, taken back to the states regulatory powers and Texas is debating so. It is nortoriously easier for utilities to put over their plans in state legislatures. The difficulty of making a new fight on the issue in a country steamed up over General MacArthur, Frank Costello and mink coats is obvious. It is really all up to the President by his choice of aggressive men to carr?, out policies in which he claims to be- lieve. And he is an embattled and overburdened man. Yet it would be more honest to the taxpayers either to kill their supposed protective agency outright; at least, they would then save the taxes that support it. (Copyright, 1951, by the Bell Syndicate, Inc.) - . x r. ,i. "' ' 3 , . -4 At .3 + MUSIC + E' r w n o ice: i SUNDAY AFTERNOON'S May Festival Concert illustrated a pretty paradox: how the music of a living composer may not be contemporary music, and how music written in a contemporary style may not be living music. Constant Lambert's Summer's Last Will and Testament is in the exagger- ated pathetic-expressive mode of the late nineteenth century, and should be consign- ed to the moth-balls along with the dreary oratorios of Elgar and Sullivan. Prokofieff's Third Piano Concerto has all the character- istics of a "modern style": clarity, athletic bounce, and a captivating insolence. Yet it is dead music; its idiom is dated-a dry perpussiveness alternating with a pseudo- Tschaikowskyian lyricism-and the impulse behind it is trivial. The chief disappointment occasioned by Summer's Last Will and Testament was the brutal treatment of the lyrics of Tho- mas Nashe. The Elizabethan song is not enhanced by the sugary chromaticism or the bloated expressivity of Lambert's set- tings, nor is a movie-music orchestral accompaniment the correct support for poetry written to be sung to the lute. The worst indignity was inflected on the song "Adieu, farewell earth's bliss." Loud notes in the brass obscured such lovely lines as "Dust hath closed Helen's eye," and the choral setting of the moving "I am sick, I must die" had all the richness of a Fred Waring arrangement. I wonder if Lambert has ever heard a song by Dowland or a madrigal by Weelkes? The orchestra hardly performed to the limits of its ability, and Mr. Johnson's di- rection left me with the feeling that he rarely had the situation under control. In the Prokofieff Concerto the orchestra. fre- quently drowned Mr. Kanell out-and Mr. THE FINAL CONCERT of the 1951 May Festival offered some very outstanding singing and an interesting reading of an interesting symphony. As one who clamors for the programming of more contemporary American music, I was eager to hear Paul Creston's third symphony; as one who has always championed the voice of Eileen Far- rell, I was sorry to learn of Miss Munsel's ill- ness, but delighted with the substitution. Miss Farrell possesses one of the few great vocal equipments on the contem- porary scene. Vocally and musically she led the performance of Verdi's Requiem, and both voice and musicianship left one hankering for more. The "more," in the form of arias by Gluck, Mascagni, Verdi and Puccini, was a rich fulfillment. Her voice is dramatic, full-bodied, resonant and brilliant; it has considerable flexibi- lity and is well controlled, although the wide range is not entirely uniform. Inter- pretively the concert was a revelation, for Miss Farrell, known largely as a Wagner- ian soprano, proved equally at home in the Italianate style. Vocally she is not a Flagstad, but interpretively she runs her peer a very close second. The Creston third symphony, which re- ceived its first performance less than a year ago, is an interesting, and in some ways beautiful work., In idiom it is entirely con- servative; this conservatism is a safe and pleasant haven in our dissonant mid-cen- tury, but it is also a bit studied and pedantic. As a craftsman, the self-taught composer is on sure ground, and his handling of the orchestral medium is sound. He uses Gre- gorian melody (which is his particular in- terest) with sensitivity and understanding, and its superimposition onto the orchestral XetteP4 f TO THE EDITOR The Daily welcomes communica- tions from its readers on matters of general interest, and will publish all letters which are signed by the writer and in good taste. Letters exceeding 300 words in length, defamatory or libelous letters, and letters which for any reason are not in good taste will be condensed, edited or withheld from publication at the discretion of the editors. Wheat to India. . . To the Editor: WOULD LIKE to clarify some points with regard to the recent discussions in your column about wheat for India. The following facts will throw light on the "trade war with Pak- istan." The India-Pakistan trade agreement which came into force on February 26, 1951 states: "Pa- kistan has undertaken to allocate 250,000 tons of food grains, mainly rice, during the current calendar year and 150,000 tons of rice aild 275,000 tons of wheat next year. This clearly shows that the trade war between India and Pakistan no longer exists. With regard to the second point in Senator Ferguson's letter it should be made clear that India' has asked for wheat from the United States on a long-term loan basis and not as a gift. She has to ask on a long-term loan basis be- cause there is a danger of infla- tion in the country. With regard to the third point in the Senator's letter, it is against India's foreign policy to send stra- tegic materials to any country and, moreover, she expects to uti- lize these materials in the future for constructive internal develop- ments. In view of these facts, there is no, reason why the United States Congress should not take a liberal attitude and help a struggling democracy. -Hiru Shah I. q FALSE FACTS are highly injuri- ous to the progress of science, for they often endure long; but false views, if supported by some evidence, do little harm, for every one takes a salutary pleasure in proving their falseness. -Charles Darwin Sixty-First Year Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. Editorial Staff Jim Brown..........Managing Editor Paul Brentlinger.......... 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