THE MICHIGAN DAILY ++ jfi rr, - '- w 11itiEi A s DEG'EMSER 2p. IM , p Cdito~rnlete I TH M C TG N DA T : .Wauara"Laa LaaarasaY nim'RLL'M' n, AOW F I Needed: Judicial Ref orm By JIM BROWN THE RECENT $358,290 research grant to the University by the National Founda- tion for Infantile Paralysis should be ap- plauded by all loyal supporters of the Uni- versity. It is probably true that such grants do draw many of the University's most talented faculty men from the classroom into the laboratory. It is equally true that most of the grants stipulate the particular research which is to be financed by the grants, depriving the University of its ability to channel its research programs in- to the fields which it deems most important or best suited to its equipment and person- nel. I THE CASE OF Robert Stacy vs. the state of Michigan is a classic example of a basic failing in our democratic judicial system. The failing lies not in the efficiency of the system, but in the structure of human values upon which it is supposedly grounded. As far as ordinary judicial pro- cedure goes, Robert Stacy was given com- pletely just treatment. Everything went §trictly according to form, from the time he was arrested to the time he was found guilty by the jury. He was treated just exactly like any other criminal. The only trouble is that Robert Stacy was not a criminal until he had been found guilty. Moreover, and this is perhaps most important, he was in a state of ex- treme mental disturbance, particularly when he was arrested. Stacy did not have the ordinary loss of values common to most criminals. From any viewpoint, the whole case shows that he was mentally-ill in some degree either when he set the fire (if he did), or when he confessed to setting it. In this fumbling attempt at justice, our legal system has succeeded only in showing itself to be incapable of dealing fairly with such cases. The courts recognize a man who is physically ill and treat him as such, but fail completely to be just to mentally dis- turbed persons. As a community of observing individuals, we are for a good part responsible for the way our judicial system operates. For our own well-being, we ask that it deliver honest justice to those who are to be tried under it. There is no provision in our court system for a defendant to be anything but sane or insane. His trial may hinge on his mental condition, but he must be either completely insane or perfectly normal. Although psy- chiatrists recognize all degrees and types of mental health, under our existing system of law courts cannot. There are many cases, Stacy's among them, which are impossible to judge honestly under these conditions. If we venture to call ourselves humani- tarian in any sense, we should refuse to be so complacent about the forced in- accuracies of our tradition-bound judicial system. If justice is our goal, the present court system should be changed to per- mit justice in all cases. The courts would do well to work more closely with qualified psychiatrists in an effort to make the judicial structure in- dividually operative. A case should not have to be forced around a law; the law should be adaptable to a person's individual case. If this is achieved even in a small way, per- sons lilk Robert Stacy may get the sensi- tive treatment which they need. -Chuck Elliott. But offset1 there make to the while these factors may tend t the value of many research grants are several other factors which them of tremendous importance University. * e :o .s, h :e FIRST, they enable the University to pur- chase considerable equipment which can often be used for research programs other than the one originally stipulated in the grant. In addition, most of the research grants such as that made by the Polio Foundation cover not only the purcase of equipment and the salaries of the personnel involved, but they also usually provide funds for over- head, use of building space, utility costs, and amortization of building equipment. In most cases these indirect costs would have to have been, by the University itself if the research grants did not cover them. SECOND, the research grants enable the University to retain many of its most talented staff members who are being con- stantly sought after by other educational institutions. Since the University in recent years has been unable to obtain an adequate appropriation from the State Legislature, endowment funds and grants-in-aid are of great importance in maintaining a staff of the highest calibre. And while it is true that the faculty members who are assigned to the research projects may not be able to devote their full time to classroom instruction, they often find time to handle one or two classes in conjunction with their research work. At the same time such research work en- ables faculty members to enrich their knowledge and background and undoubtedly enables to improve their instructing tech- niques. Meanwhile, the University, with its own funds, is able to hire additional faculty members to handle the bulk of the teaching load in the interim. FINALLY, the research grants often pro- vide the opportunity for talented stu- dents to participate in the research pro- jects in conjunction with their classroom activities. The importance of such an opportunity should not be under estimated, since re- search work is an important adjunct to purely academic study-an adjunct which the University with its limited funds would be unable to provide without the assistance of the research grants. It certainly would be more desirable if the agencies and foundations making re- search grants would allow the University to use the funds as it thinks best. But at the same time we should recognize the value of any and all grant§ to the Univer- sity and the student body. And most important, we must not lose sight of the tremendous contributions that a research project such as that being spon- sored by the Polio Foundation can make to the entire community-a contribution which the University has a responsibility to make. XettePJ4TO THE EDITOR The Daily welcomes communications from its readers on matters of general interest, and will publish all letters which are signed by the writer and in good taste. Letters exceeding 300 words in length, defamatory or libelous letters, and letters which for any reason are not in good taste will be condensed, edited or withheld from publication at the discretion of the editors. group because he doesn't measure the correct number of inches in height. The slightest study of the emotive meaning of words in our American culture will readily ex- pose the absurdity of Herhusky's argument. But still the questionremains -why should we worry about the discriminatory regulations? Every- one knows that their abolishment will not throw the doors of fra- ternity and sorority houses open to, among others, Jews and Neg- roes. As a matter of fact, I can think of many purely pragmatical reasons why they should remain. Having minority groups that we can discriminate against at will adds considerable zest of the life of the average gentile. We can use them to point out our own su- periority, since very few of our friends will question the fact, and consequently we need never bother ourselves about proving it... . On the other hand, there is just one reason why we perhaps ought to abolish t h e discriminatory clauses, even though, due to the deviated character of human be- ings, it will probably produce lit- tle immediate tangible good. One of our more admirable contempo- raries in a recent play, "Cocktail Party" wrote about two different types of people which I suppose you could talk about roughly as the "few" and the "many." The latter type profess belief in. cer- tain ideals, but live for the mostj part a purely pragmatical exist- ence in which they are motivated by social pressures. Everyone who is anyone approves of ther andE considers them wise, for their bur-t den in life is to occasionally 'com- promise their own personal plea-e sures and meet the guests at at cocktail party which due to somef collateral matter, they really don't want to attend. Then there are ther "few" who are actually motivat- ed by the ideals which all, even the guests at the "cock- tail party", profess to believe in. In the play, this group is characteriz- ed by the heroine, a nurse who for some reason goes off to a des- ert island and gets herself cruci- fied for trying to help a bunch of murderous savages who are go- ing to die anyway. Somehow, after becoming ac-d quainted with the play one felt that the ability to live with and idea without rationalizing withI your conscitnce and wandering offI to join a "cocktail party" was at thing of no inconsequental merit. It might even represent an advance in moral culture for the "degree of civilization which a people has reached, no doubt is marked by ability to do as they would be done by." For this reason alone, intangible as it may be, I hope that the anti-discrimination law is passed, even if banning fraterni- ties and sororities is necessary to . do so.- t -Ben Schwendener t 0 40, not covered by the amount of the grant in aid. The National Foun- dation for Infantile Paralysis has made available to the University sufficient funds to cover substan- tially all of the indirect expenses incurred by the University in ad- ministering grants from that Foundation. iThe funds made available are sufficient to cover the normal operating expenses of building space, such as utilities, depreciation of building and equipment costs, general adminis- tration and use of ,library "costs, and an amount to offset the loss of interest on funds invested in the building and equipment used in connection with the work spon- sored by the Foundation. It should also be pointed out that the University's salary sche- dules apply equally to the research faculty and other personnel on research grants as well as to the teaching faculty. Since it was implied in the edi- torial that polio grants are a part of Medical School research, it is to be noted that the polio grant at this University is a part of the work of the School of Public Health. -W. K. Pierpont Reply to Pick . . To the Editor: OF THE "inhospitable" dorm of the University of Michigan feel called upon to answer Mr. Pick's rather emotional outburst. We are indeed sorry that Mr. Pick should have had to undergo such a traumatic experience, and, fur- thermore, we realize that the emo- tional strain this experience caus- ed could easily have resulted in the complete distortion of simple facts. Yet this does not excuse, or justify, extremely personal, com- mentaries about someone whom he barely knows. -Pat Patsloff, President of Mosher Hall -Mickey Sager, Vice-President of Mosher Hall Justice . To the Editors: FOR SHEER logic of thought and. clarity of expression I have sel- dom read the equal of Mr. Charles Elliott's editorial on the Stacy ver- dict which appeared this morning. I congratulate both him and the' Daily for this conspicuous service to the cause of justice. -Warren E. Blake Professor of the Greek Language and Literature Recount.. To the Editor: RE: Connable's Editorial on ELECTION MISCOUNT. In The Michigan Daily for 20 December, 1950 appears an edi- orial concerning Michigan's elec- ion recount. Mr. Connable etates that ". .'. the election was down- right revolting." And he further States that "The propaganda po- tential of the Michigan mess is tremendous . . But on the other hand, Mr. Con- able, did you ever hear of Joe Stalin demanding a recount? -LewisR. Williams, Jr. '51L A' 4_ r . "A MERRY-GO-ROUND BIRTHDAY IT WAS JUST eighteen years ago this week that the Washington Merry-Go-Round began to whirl-somewhat shakily at first- in six newspapers. Today it is published in something ever 600, including such distant subscribers as the Nippon Times, the Rome Daily Ameri- can, the San Salvador La Prensa and the Sao Paulo Folha Da Manha. We are espe- cially proud to call attention to the 18thT anniversary of the Merry-Go-Round in view of some of the outstanding news beats scored by Drew Pearson during the pasi twelve months. It was just a year ago this week, for instance, that one of his biggest stories culminated with the conviction of Con- gressman J., Parnell Thomas for accept- ing salary kickbacks. It was alsotjust a year ago that John Maragon, the old Kansas City friend of President Truman, whom Pearson exposed three years ago, was indicted, and later convicted for perjury. And it was on December 22 that Pearson published a story which was destined to become one of the most controversial sub- jects of debate in the nation during the year 1950. "Most important backstage debate over U.S. foreign policy now involves Formosa," Pearson's story began. "General Mac- Arthur has sent a triple-urgent cable, urging that Formosa be occupied by U.S. troops for Japan." This story, picked up three weeks later by all the American press, still highlights Sen- ate and State Department debate, and cul- minated in President Truman's famous tele- gram to MacArthur withdrawing his VFW statement on Formosa. OTHER NEWS BEATS k d r s e : v s t i Pearson, wrote back to Truman: "I am not a Brutus and neither do I consider you to be a Caesar." The year 1950 also witnessed the voters of Oklahoma taking to heart the care- fully documented columns Pearson wrote over a period of three years regarding the cotton, lard and egg speculations of Sen. Elmer Thomas, Democrat, of Oklahoma. Though Thomas called Pearson a liar, the voters of Oklahoma had the final word as to who was right. One of the Merry-Go-Round's income- tax stories written a year ago this week had a sensational aftermath. Pearson had told, on Dec. 16, 1949, how two Alabama business- men, Joseph Mitchell and Sam Ripps, had made more than a million dollars selling GI jewelry to army PX's during the war and cheated the government out of about half a million dollars of income taxes. He alsorevealed that when the tax case was under investigation, they had paid $12,00 to Ben Leader of Birmingham, Ala., former law partner of U.S. Attorney John Hill, who was supposed to try the case. The case was then dropped. However, after Pearson published further sensational de- tails regarding Mitchell and Ripps, the case was placed before a Federal Grand Jury and the two men are now serving prison sentences. In another sensational tax-fraud expose Pearson told how a group of Revenue collectors in New York cepted bribes from taxpayers. He named William A. Ganey, John A. Anthony V. Fiscella and Thomas Jr., as those who shook down1 payers, but he gave the amounts and the names of the victims. As Internal had ac- not only Galgano, Cannon, the tax- collected a result, Hinsdale Dress . To the Editor: THE MICHIGAN DAILY, by get ting its information fro round about sources, has com pletely missed the boat in it item on Hinsdale's Thursday nigh dress. We were not protesting t the staff against the dress regu laitons, but instead were havin clean, harmless fun. It migh make more interesting news fromn The Daily's standpoint to say tha we were protesting, but since w are not against present regula tions, we ask The Daily to correc the impression given, and t please refrain in the future print ing, as facts, impressions based o hearsay and guesses made b members of The Daily staff. -Bill Hoffmeyer, For the Men of Hinsdale. (Editor's Note: The story in ques- tion was telephoned in by a regu- lar member of The Dailys report- ing staff. This reporter, a compe- tent lad, reported the story in good faith,tand it was published as he reported it.) Salaries . To the Editor: IN YESTERDAY'S article re the salary raise for U. of M. em- ployees you mentioned that "the increase took in everyone from the lowliest janitor to Pres. Ruthven himself." I wish to inquire what it is that is lowly about a janitor? I do not feel that there exists any such caste system in this institution which would place any of the non- academic employees in an inferior category. My personal contacts with the janitors here have led me to believe that they are just as good as I am, and thus the term "lowly" would in no case be appli- cable. -R. W. Reed * * * Draft . To the Editor: THE PLAN presented to General Hershey in regard to deferring "bright" students in essential lines has, I believe, overwhelming merit. The intent of such defer- ment is clear. It is to supply the nation with the increased produc- tive capacity and efficiency which will result from continued educa- tion of those students who are capable of assuming leadership. The plan finds its justification in the fact that the United States is building up its military poten- tial, either to fight a war and win it, or to avoid a war by a show of strength. This buildup requires more than just an army, it re- quires an alert, modern and flex- ible productive capacity. Allowing some students now in training to finish school is a fine means of continuing the supply of such brains as the nation will need to reach its objective. However, merely deferring those students already in college is not enough, if such deferment is jus- tified on the grounds of national interest as defined above. To insure a continuing supply of trained brains for the nation, looking to the future in terms of more than five years, the govern- ment should also see that intelli- gent, capable, and eager high- school graduates, who for econo- mic reasons would not normally have a chance to go to college, are assisted. This is the appropriate necessary time to institute a pro gram of federal aid to capabl - students seeking a higher educa n tion. If it is in the national in. - terest to defer students now i s college because of our establishe t goal of self-protection, it is a o much in the national interest t - make sure that that supply oj g trained brains continues long af. t ter those now in college are con- n tributing their skills to the service t of the country. The only way I e can see of making sure that the - best use is made of our nation's t intellectual potential, is for the o government to assist those whc - have the ability, but not the n means, to develop that ability for y the survival and growth of the nation. -Al Blumrosen, '53L. * *D * To the Editors: AT LAST-from among the doz- ens of juvenile letters con- cerning bias clauses and discrimi- nation, comes one sensible and mature idea from Mr. R. L. Her- husky. In Saturday's Daily Herhusky E makes clear a very important and practical point, and resolves the entire question of discrimination. In Ann Arbor there simply is no serious problem of discrimination, so why waste a lot of valuable time and energy trying to find a solution?' It seems to me that the many self appointed "saviours of soci- ety" on this campus, could, if they are truly sincere about doing something beneficial for someone else, spend their time and energy ' on rolling bandages and donating blood. -R. M. Clark g' * * Bias Clauses . To the Editor: T WOULD appear evident from following the comments in the letters to the editor column that most of the arguments have been against the anti-discrimination clause currently being proposed by the student legislature. Most of these arguments have been valid arguments too. Valid, that is, in that they clearly show a normal human being's tendency to wiggle, squirm and rationalize when he is forced to put the democratic principles which he professes to believe in to a test. Now this busi- ness of putting one to the Lest of his principles is admittedly a terrifying thing. As the staunch old New England Presbyterian said to a young Jew who asked to marry his daughter, "You're doing an aw- ful thing, young fellow... .you're putting an old man to the test of his principles." Fortunately, in the book from which I take the quo- tation, "The Young Lions", by Irv- ing Shaw, the old man's prinel- ples were deeply seated and he stuck by them. Others amongst us do the more human thing. We make up an argument like -me Herhusky did in Saturday morn-, ing's edition. Herhusky says, in ef- fect, that barring one from social institutions on the basis of color and religion (which even a man like Herhusky would have to admit is what the fraternity and sorority2 regulations do) is really no differ- ent than barring one from a sociali I J- .. Editorials published in The Michigan Daily are written by members of The Daily staff and represent the views of the writers only. f f NIGHT EDITOR: RICH THOMAS Mao's Terms THE RED CHINESE mission to the United Nations has been able to wrap up its policies in a smothering quantity of ora- tory, Chinese and Russian. Moreover, since the Mao regime need be neither consistent nor truthful, the pronouncements of its agents cannot be taken at face value. But the only conclusion that can be drawn from the public utterances of General Wu Hsiu- chuan and the Peking government is that their minimum terms for a conclusion to the Korean fighting have very little to do with Korea. The Communists are, rather, using the military situation in the peninsula to blackjack their way into the U. N. and to gain Formosa-which would otherwise be" beyond their reach. A wholly Communist Korea seems to be considered by Mao as an attractive by-product rather than the main goal of his strategy. However. by resorting to force, blatant and unashamed, to gain entrance to an or- ganization pledged to abolish war, the Chi- nese Communists have placed their case on the same immoral basis that the North Ko- reans used to attain Korean unity. -New York Herald-Tribune. i l i t t PEARSON'S OTHER notable news beats during the current year have ranged from exposing the shortage of wool for mili- tary uniforms to a sensational expose of the Mafia and a revelation of a series of income- tax scandals which led, to various con- victions and collecting millions of extra dollars for the U.S. treasury. The Merry- Go-Round series on the big gambling rac- kets and crime in American cities was also credited by Senator Kefauver as being in large part responsible for the passage of his Senate Crime Investigation resolution. This series, published between January 13 and February 14, dug up sensational racketeering developments in Chicago, Kansas City, Los Angeles and Miami, in- cluding the pitch that Frankie Costello was making to try to reach the White House through some of the friends of the unwitting Maj. Gen. Harry Vaughan. Pearson told how three years ago he had collected certain underworld revelations from Jimmy Regan, then head of the racing wire, and turned these facts over to the Justice Department-but with no results in the way of prosecution. Regan later was killed. Pearson also told how U.S. internal reve- nue agent William Berket had been stymied by politics in northern California in his attempts to prosecute top gamblers-spe- cifically Emilio Georgetti and Al Gionotti. Later Berket resigned and the Kefauver committee made headlines with the same evidence. Among. other Merry-Go-Round exposes was that of the Joe Sicca narcotics ring in California, the big payoffs to Jimmy Sulli- van, Sheriff of Dade County, Fla., and the payoffs made to Earl Sheriff of Prince Georges County, Md., almost in the shadow of the nation's capital. Sheriff has now pleaded guilty, while Sullivan is under in- come-tax investigation. TRUMAN-BYRNES FEUD IT WAS last January that President Tru- the four above-mentioned have now been sentenced to from 18 months to five years in a federal penitentiary. BIG RACKETEERS AMONG OTHER big racketeers exposed by Pearson were Vaughn Cannon, Ashe- ville, N. C., whose operations the Merry-Go- Round exposed on May 20, and who is now under indictment; also "Nig" Rutkin, famous New Jersey bootlegger, whose ac- tivities Pearson revealed on March 17 and who has now been sentenced to prison for income-tax evasion. On August 31, Pearson wrote a, sensa- tional story regarding Maj. Gen. Orvil Anderson, commander of the Air War College, Maxwell Air Base, Montgomery, Ala., accusing the general of "staging a series of lectures in which a preventive war is urged openly." Next day General Anderson, in attempting to deny Pear- son's story, admitted it, and, a few hours later, he was suspended. Most startling news of the election cam- paign was publication of Lt. Gov. Joe Han- ley's letter indicating that his debts would be paid off by Dewey forces as a result of his withdrawal from the race for governor of New York. This amazing letter was pub- lished in the general press on October 16. However, on September 13, Pearson had published the exact terms of the Hanley- Dewey deal, together with various exclu- sive details regarding their negotiations. COMBAT TROOPS' BONUS PEARSON ALSO went to bat, apparently. with success, on behalf of U.S. combat troops in Korea. On October 21, he pointed out that infantrymen could no longer collect $10 extra per month which they received during World War II, though airmen and submarine men still draw their combat bonuses. The army has now taken this up and promises to reinstate the combat bonuses for ground troops in action in Korea. On October 16 Pearson published a story revealing that the "Munitions Board per- mitted the nation's wool supply to dwindle so low . . . that the government is now Xmas Reading . . To the Editor: UNCONFIRMED but highly re- liable sources available -to the undersigned reveal that current at- tacks on Daily movie critics may be paying off. One of your reviewers, who has been writing about movies since September, was seen carrying ten, repeat, ten books on the subject of movies from the general library. The titles are: 1. The Film 2. Film Form 3. The film Sense 4. Film Techniques 5. Experiment in the Film 6. For Film Goers Only 7. The Rise of the American Film 8. The Art of the Film 9. Art in Cinema 10. How to Appreciate Motion Pictures They may not have any effect but they are a hopeful sign of a happy new year for us movie go- ing readers. * Merry Xmas -Al Blumrosen -D. Eugene McNeil * * * Research Grants . To the Editor: IN THURSDAY'S (December 21, 1950) Michigan Daily, the edi- torial entitled "Research Grants" pointed out some of the basic problems involved in the adminis- tration of research grants by the University with funds provided by outside sponsors. It is encourag- ing to report that there is a grow- ing awareness of these problems aon the patof sponsoring agencies as well as the universities involv- ed and there is a definite tenden- cy toward providing indirect funds for expenses.E It is unfortunate that the edi- torial used as its example the re- cent grant from the National: Foundation for Infantile Paraly- sis since that Foundation has tak- en a very fine attitude toward the indirect expenses of research work 3 -Lewis at R.aWllasyr.'1 Sixty-First Year Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. Editorial Staff Jim Brown............Managing Editor Paul Brentlinger.........City:Editor Roma' Lipsky ........ Editorial Director' Dave Thomas...... Feature Eidtor Janet Watts............Associate Editor Nancy Bylan........Associate Editor James Gregory......Associate Editor Bill Connolly.......... Sports Editor Bob Sandell....Associate Sports ditor Bill Brenton.... Associate Sports Editor Barbara Jans......... Women's Editor Pat Brownson Associate Women's Editor Business Staff Bob Daniels..........Business Manager Walter Shapero Assoc. Business Manager Paul Schaible....Advertising Manager Bob Mersereau....... Finance Manager Carl Breitkreitz.... Circulation Manager Telephone 23-24-1 Member of The Associated Press The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches creditea to it or otherwise credited to this newspaper. All rights of republication of all other' matters herein are also reserved. Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan as second-class mail matter. Subscription during regular school year: by carrier, $6.00: 'by mail, $7.00. 4' I"' I,' 1. I - indirect expenses of research work -A. BARNABY Mom ... My Fairy Godfather said it was all right . So I told him what you're giving Pop for a Christmas present... I r . 2 0 s m And Mr. O'Malley thinks everything's all right- D. .A Ellen, what's the matter with Sarnaby? He started to fell me something and then ha wan uas nn ,. barnaby, ! ve been thinking-) How can I pour at tea from your mother's silver service if l NvaAAv - F.. . ar...&.. AII InA Eb f~ftU liI I 11 1 11