THE MICHIGAN DAILY SAI Uii DAY, DECEMBEiR 16, 1956 : : .¢ America's Plight S AMERICA doomed? The possibility might have been scoffed at- a few years ago. But today the danger is becoming increasingly evident. Well organized hordes of Red soldiers are relentlessly shoving-us out of Korea. As the Chinese Communists flex their muscles, mil- V lions of poor, illiterate people throughout the world watch in awe. Steadily, surely, the false but glowing ap- peal of Communism is taking hold. Wherever there is poverty, misery, and insecurity, the ringing pr6nVises of Marx and Lenin and ° Stalin are providing a misdirected answer to the hopes of multitudes. Aeanwhile the Soviet Union is building '"with in its own boundaries. Resources are being tapped throughout its width and breadth. Millions are in uniform. Russia's po- tentialities are unlimited. With ever-increas- ; ing development from Leningrad to Vladivo- stock,sand with multiplying support from perimetral nations, the Russians have the means of becoming the most powerful force on earth, and the most deadly. And their declared purpose is .to engulf their, opponents, among which America is thee supreme target. Can they do it? Can they send our economic system, our religious r and our society into crumbling disorder? With- Russian strength gaining speed and momentum, our position is indeed tenuous. Only by united effort can we avert disaster. COULD have dealt Communism a kill- ng punch after the war by improving the filthy shocking living conditions extant 4 throughout much of the world. But we al- ' lowed magnanimity and foresight to suc- cumb to a normal desire to stuff our own ' pocketbooks and our own bellies. Many of us did recognize the wisdom of the Marshall Plan and Point Four aid for underdeveloped countries, but those were trickles compared to the need throughout the world. They were too little, they were t too late, and the Brickers and McCormicks still don't comprehend their necessity. Now, with the present crisis calling for action of a more immediate nature, our well-intended, long-range programs of eco- nomic assistance are passing into dormancy. In their stead we are forced to speed up arms production and put millions into uni- form. The switch to an emphasis on defense is well illistrated by the Withdrawal this week j of Marshall aid to Great Britain. The as- {G sistance was suspended because Britain has seen a marked improvement in her economic healthy But does this mean the British peo- ple are well off? On the contrary, their aus- tere way of life is at a near rock-bottom Slevel.- Gaunt,; pale and skinny compared to their continental neighbors, the British have forgotten the meaning of comforts such as goodfoodand good clothing.While * is true 4hat Britain has strengthened her position in the world, she has done ti by ignorid luxuries and taking in her sr belt. Th United States must now make similar acbriflices. We must mobilize to a state of full readiness, and in so doing expect a long grim siege of discomfort and privation. For we are enveloped in a national and inter- 0 national emergency the magnitude of which has seldom been approached in the history of this country. iOnce we gird ourselves with adequate mil- itary might we will be confronted with 2 the task of making some tough decisions which will shape world events for years to come. Russia may ease our decision-making considerably by plunging us into an all out war. And If Russia doesn't do the declaring many have suggested that the United States take the iniative itself. But an attack by this country on the Soviet Union would only lead to chaos. To anyone who has walked the streets of Cologne or Bonn or Duesseldorf, the fact is crystal clear that the next great war will decide nothing and will leave in its wake only death ,and wholesale ruin on an unbe- lieveable scale. OUR COURSE once we become militarily powerful must instead point for the maintenance of peace. It could come through eradication of the world state system and establishment of a universal government, with Russia entering on our terms. More likely, it would take the form of continued containment of the Reds, only this time it would be a containment backed by arms and strengthened by a genuine build up of the primary industries and educational facil- ities of backward countries. It would not be a static containment, but an ever-tightening one which would render Communism im- potent. This is the only workable method of con- tainment, and the only genuine way to build friendships throughout the world and buck Communism simultaneously. Whether future events dictate a contain- ment policy or a full-scale war, we must prepare now. It will call for untod sacrifice, and that sacrifice must begin with the mobili- zation outlined last night by the President of the United States. The strain on all of us will be tremendous. But if America's will is strong and sincere, we may hope and pray that some day our efforts will bear fruit, and that we will be alive to see that day. -Bob Keith Peace Conference TI'E ACHIEVEMENT of lasting peace in this atomic age is one of the greatest challenges mankind has ever had to face. And yet activity on the part of the peo- ple in the non-Communist world and par- ticularly in America aimed at alleviating the threat of war has been practically non- existent. Peace has been an activity monopolized by Communists. Their efforts such as the Stockholm Peace Appeal and Peace Cong- resses have made a great impression on peo- ple throughout the world who fear the pos- sibility of an atomic war. But the Commu- nist efforts at finding solutions to the in- ternational crisis have been barren of any fruit mainly through the lack of sincerity and objectivity that characterize their ef- forts. Realizing the need for sincere and objec- tive investigation of the possibilities for peace, a group of students have organized a conference to explore the various courses that may be followed in the interests of peace. The Peace Conference, which will begin at 10 a.m. this morning at Lane Hall will hear the approaches of four influential schools of thought on the subject: inter- nationalism, Christian pacifism, the pas- sive resistance methods of Gandhi and the approach of UNESCO. The Confer- ence will also be open for presentation of ideas on the subject held by individual participants. Each proposed approach will receive thorough consideration in the pa- nel sessions. There is no activity that deserves greaterR support than the sincere objective work foi the cause of peace that will be undertaken at today's conference. -Paul Marx Bong (k 1, vYy DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN The Daily Official iulletin is an official publication of the University of Michigan for which the Michigan Daily assumes no editorial responsi- bility. Publication in it is construc-. tive notice to all members of the Uni- versity. Notices should be * sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to ,Room 2552 Administration Building, by 3 p.m. on the day preceding publication (1I a.- m. Saturdays). SATURDAY, DEC. 16, VOL. LXI, No. 70 1950 Notices Women Students: Because of the Union dance, all women stu- dents have a 1:30 a.m. late per- mission on Sat., Dec. 16. Twelve o'clock permission for women students has been author- ized on the nights indicated for the groups listed below. Judiciary Council requires that the nameRf to O I F1 XtteA4 TO THE EDITOR The Daily welcomes communications from its readers on matters of general interest, and will publish all letters which are signed by the writer and in good taste. Letters exceeding 300 words in len'gth, defamatory or libelous letters, and letters which for any reason are not in'good taste will be condensed, edited or withheld from publication at the discretion of the editors. UMS --Conant Plan H ARVARD PRESIDENT James Bryant Conant has called for enactment of Uni- versal Military Service-a plan that could change a good deal of American living. But it is a plan that, because of the threatening world situation, must be adopted., As the editors of Look Magazine, who xprinted President Conant's plea, said, it is a program for survival. Conant himself warned that unless we keep three million men under arms for years to come, Russia may feel that she is far enough ahead in the paper armaments race to begin a gen- eral war. Acceptance of a plan which would put every male in the armed forces upon high school graduation is made exceptionally dif- ficult for Americans who have always had an extreme distaste for militarism. Vntil the world situation cools off a bit, however, there is a necessity for maintaining a large armed force. President Conant's plan seems to be the most feasible for providing this force. Probably the biggest protest against the idea has come from educators who claim that there must be a pool of leaders as well as fighting men in time of emergency. They point out that colleges exist for the purposes of training these men. They have suggested an alternate plan which would exempt'quali- fied students from service until they had completed their college education. But all the educators agree on one thing: every man will have to serve at one time, whether it be before or after college. Accepting the principle of UMS does not mean that there must be a total sub- mission to militarism. Setting up a tem- porary plan would be in keeping with a policy of attempting to solve the present conflict peacefully. At first the program would have to be worked out on a staggered basis so that the nation's educational and productive set-ups are not disrupted by a sudden cut in the number of men entering these fields. In this way the country could become so ad- justed that the two year period would not seriously disrupt our living. -Vernon Emerson iil W ' sIt Ifs' "I1', 'IIj 'It I.', l I; h' p'il I'll I, g 'I,l i' "- '' II dl '44 I, S.; l l' Ii I, THOMAS L. STOKES: Truman & GOP Congressmen CED Methods . * To the Editor: T AM A NEW student at the Uni- L versity of Michigan and have' derived almost all, my knowledgeE of the CED from The Daily's pages. Once I had pieced together2 carefully the confusion and the1 innuendoes of your December 12th editorial on the CED, I realized that Barnes Connable was re-; joicing over the substitution of "quiet" behind-the-scene manipu-t lations for open and honest dis-N cussion of discriminatory prac- tices.c It is obvious that conferences; with the administration are neces- sary, for it is the administration, which, in some cases, has the legal power to eliminate discri-, ,minatory practices. But to as-; sume that such conferences are not to be supplemented by campus discussion and activity toward the elemination of discrimination is, both naive and undemocratic. Naive, because it forgets that a busy administration often needs, campus groups and activities to, bring to its attention sharply suchI questions as discrimination. Naive,, because discrimination is more3 than phrases inserted in an appli- cation; it is also interwoven into7 values and social relations. In or- der to effect improvements in the latter, the most open and far- reaching activities are necessary. How else are those individuals] who have not done so already go- ing to be jolted into taking stock] of their own failures as demo- cratic people? Undemocratic, because it as- sumes that the "quiet" talks and maneuvers of an elite are alone intelligent and effective, while referenda, pamphlets, and other activities that reach many people are mere "noise and confusion" Barnes Connable justifies the "quiet" conference by saying that other activity-that is, open and democratic activity - alienated people. I wonder. I wonder if it alienated any more than those few individuals who feel so psy- chologically threatened at the thought of ceasing their undemo- cratic behavior that they refuse to talk about it. I doubt that it alienated the many morally sensi- tive people who want to be demo- cratic themselves and to live in a democratic community. I doubt that it alienated those foreign students and members of minority groups who have suffered because of discrimination. On Tuesday afternoon at 1:05, the day of your CED editorial, I saw chalked on one of the central pillars of Angell Hall the words "Down with the Y.P.A." Under these words were a picture of a masked face surrounded by a cir- cle of fire and the initials KKK! Perhaps the individuals who chalked this up had been alienated last year by the activities of the CED. P rhaps the individualswho chalk e this up took comfort at Barnes Connable's sneering at the CED's past methods and the Y.P.'s efforts to eliminate discrimina- tion. -Natalie Davis, Grad. World Prospect . To the Editor: THE UNPRECEDENTED recog- nition of a low ebb of morale in the student body is enough to give a sort of grim satisfaction to anyone who has been followingt contemporary trends for some time. Artists, authors, and mu-r sicians have been expressing at general decline in western civili- zation for decades. Scientistst have repeatedly warned us that our social and political attitudes could have only the gravest con- sequences. It is not that western civiliza- tion hasn't the ability to experi-1 fence a renascence. The seed and the vigor are still present, but are constantly being repressed by a strong sense of tradition.f I know that it is difficult tot outgrow an older tradition, es- pecially when it is a safer one.1 And unfortunately most of our authorities are inheritors of the1 older, safer mode of thought.1 President Ruthven's manner ofc sanctioning UMS was a reflection1 of this.. The danger has arisen as a re-E sult of the fact that, in the years1 when we should have been modi- fying our thinking to meet the changing conditions, we rebelled1 obstinately and refused to recog- nize change. It is exactly as some children, too long sheltered, re-1 fuse to accept the greater respon- sibilities of their advanced ma- turity.1 Can't we realize that in this war our position is changed complete- ly? Not only are we likely to be1 fighting a long and costly, even losing, battle, but under the stresses produced by unceasing warfare we stand in great danger of the complete eventual collapse of our economic and intellectual structure. Peter Drucker, author of the article "This War is Dif- ferent" in the Novembes issue of Harper'& Magazine, said enough to indicate that. I suppose if one is old enough the results become of little im- portance to him. But to a youth the insecurity is overwhelming, even if he does not understand the situation entirely. The idea of preparing one's self intellectually for a world in which our whole way of life has become a shadow is absurd. For archi- tects, engineers, scientists, and scholars it is the same. It is as if you have the fore-knowledge that. all of your children will be stillborn. r Perhaps my interpretation of the situation is exaggerated. I don't think so. Nor, apparently,' does a fair portion of the student body feel so. I assure you I derive no satis- faction, grim or otherwise, from the present prospect, I plan to be living in what others term "the future." -Gordon Allen. Bias Clause . To the Editor: UNACCUSTOMED as I am to public writing...; I feel com- pelled to voice my personal pro- test against S.L.'s action on fra- ternities with discriminatory clauses. As near as I can discern, discrimination is denying some- one, on an arbitrary basis, the right to do what you are doing; in this case, to deny someone his rights in such a way that he can never qualify for them. Not too long ago, I joined a social group for people 5 foot 101 inches tall or over. Someone 5 foot 5 inches tall was, of course, ineligible. This didn't mean that I was superior to the shorter per-l son nor that I was discriminating against him, for at no time did I ever deny his right to form a1 group of people 5 foot 10 inchesk tall or under. I consider it my inalienable right to choose my friends as I please, and I believe that a group has the irrevocable right to select its members at it pleases, whether1 it wants people with three arms, or green hair, or seven feet tall, or what have you. This selection is a matter of taste, not of superi- ority. When any group starts to tell me or an organization I support that certain tastes we have are bad and that we must change them, I think that my rights as a free-thinking individual in a democratic society are being en- croached upon, and I RESENT IT -Robert L. Herhusky, '51A. Forum Debate . . To the Editor: THE OTHER DAY I happened to be sitting in the Architec- ture Auditorium when they held the Michigan Forum debate on fraternity discrimination clauses. I found the debate occasionally dull, sometimes humorous, and at times stimulating. But of more in- terest to me were the comments or questions and answers of the de- bating team and the audience. One of the members of the audi- ence, apparently a rah-rah fra- ternity enthusiast, asked Phil Dawson how he would like to be forcedto carry him home piggy- back. I couldn't quit grasp the analogy this gentleman was try- ing to make; but Mr. Dawson shot back that he thought he'd never get home. To this Mr. Rah-Rah replied that Dawson wouldn't get home either. They both seemed rather determined. I had visions all night of Mr. Dawson carrying this fellow all over campus-you know, like the poor little Boll Weevil "just-a-lookin-fer-a- home." Then Keith Beers put his two cents in and got more than his money back. Mr.Beers asked just what had happened after a simi- lar measure had been put in af- fect at Amherst. Ryder, whose argument against the SL motion entailed more investigation and discussion on the subject, replied that he didn't know, but that he thought that anyone who felt qualified to vote in SL favoring a similar plan "should know. I thought Ryder made a pretty good point and that Mr. Beers' face was a trifle red. Tom Walsh dragged himself from his chair and questioned John Ryder on Al Blumrosen's ex- tension of time clause. The ques- tion was good but so involved that it lost much of its punch. The gathering finally broke up after a rather emotional outburst by one of the.many coeds present. I thought for a' minute it was Elea- nor Roosevelt fighting for women's rights. But to me the debate and sub- sequent discussion did make cer tain facts self-evident. First, it does seem that a part, and very likely a large part, of SL repre;- sentatives are not well informed on the subject. Secondly, the vir- tues of the legislative plan to force fraternities to remove their clauses are questionable. And fi- nally it seems clearly indicated that more investigation and study of the matter should be done be- fore any legislative action is ap- proved. Let's hope the SAC rea- lizes this need and gives John Ryder and the plan he advocates careful consideration. People all over the world are doing a pretty good job of making social and political blunders. Let's be care- ful. -Bill Ellson. Saturday Luncheon Discussion Group, Lane Hall, 12:15 p.m. Speaker: Dr. Dwight Large on the subject: "The Palestine Problem." Congregational, Disciple, Evan- gelical and Reformed Guild: Meet at the Guild House, 7:30 p.m., for the Caroling Party to shut-ins. Canterbury Club: 1 p.m., Work party, includingfood. Faculty Sports Night: I.M. Bldg., 7:30 to 10:30 p.m. All sports available except swimming, to f a- culty, teaching fellows, wives, (Continued on Page 5) the sponsoring group be specified on sign out sheets. December 18 - Adams House, Adelia Cheever House, Allen Rumsey House, An- gell House, Lawyers Club, Lloyd House-Stockwell Hall, Stockwell Waitresses, Women's Physical Ed- ucation Club. December 19 - Alpha Delta Pi, Alpha Sigma Phi-Gamma Phi Beta, Anderson House, Betsy Barbour House, Can- terbury Club, Deutscher Verein, Hiawatha Club, Jordan Hall, Le Cercle Francais, Mosher Hall- Hinsdale House, Mu Phi Epsilon- Sigma Alpha Iota-Phi Mu Alpha, Phi Kappa Sigma, Stockwell Hall, Stockwell Hall-Greene House. December 20 - Arts Chorale, Gamma Delta, HinsdaleHouse-Lloyd Hall, Mo- sher Hall-Strauss House, New- berry Residence, Phi Kappa Tau, Phoenix Executive Committee, Prescott House, Sigma Nu, Theta Delta Chi, Theta Xi-Alpha Chi Omega, Yost League House, Zeta Beta Tau-Sigma Delta Tau. December 21 - Chi Phi, Delta Chi, Jordan Hall- Strauss House, Mosher Hall-Wen- ley, Nelson International House, Stockwell Hall. Academic Notices The results from the language examination for the M.A. in his- tory will be posted in the History Office, Room 100A, Rackham Building on Mon., Dec. 18. Graduate Seminar in Anthro- pology: Mon., Dec. 18, 3 to 5 p.- m., Room 3024, Museums Bldg. Mr. Anderson will discuss the Cheyenne Indians. Doctoal Examination for Mor- tob Landers Curtis, Mathematics; thesis: "Deformation-Free Con- tinua in Euclidean n-Space," Sat., Dec. 16, East Council Room, Rackham Bldg., 2 p.m. Chairman, R. L. Wilder. Doctoral Examination for Cle- ment Albin Miller, Musicology; thesis: "The Dodecachordon of Heinrich Glarean," Sat., Dec. 16, East Council Room, Rackham Bldg., 9 a.m. Chairman, Louise E. Cuyler. Events Today Looking Back 10 YEARS AGO DENTAL STUDENTS plan a "mass snub- bing" of University coeds after a recent poll of 150 coeds termed them the "least liked" men on campus. * * *. British forces carried their lightening des- eTt offensive over the Egyptian frontier into Libya,. 5 YEARS AGO TWO UNIVERSITY students received stiff sentences of $25 each and were placed on probation for the rest of the academic year for obtaing liquor Identification cards with altered birth certificates. Joint Chiefs of Staif and the War and Navy Departments announced a new set-up placing every area where American forces operate under a single top commander. -From the Pages of The Daily Editorials published in The Mwhgan Daily are written by members of The Daily staff and represent the views of the writers only. NIGHT EDITOR: BOB KEITH New Books A tthe Library Bowen, Elizabeth, Ivy Gripped The Steps New York, Alfred A. Knopf, 1950 Churchill, Winston S., The Hinge of Fate Boston, Houghton Mifflin Co., 1950 Keyes, Frances Parkinson, Joy Street New York, Julian Messner, Inc., 1950 Lowenthal, Max, The Federal Bureau of Investigation New York, William; .oan As- sociates, Inc., 1950 \ Powdermaker, Hortense, Hollywood, the WASHINGTON - President Truman's re- establishment of contact with Republi- can congressional leaders has created a spi- rit of unity here in this capital city of the free world where the prevailing mood now has become one of grim determination. When the President called in Republi- can leaders, along with Democrats, in the series of mid-week conferences designed to .mobilize the nation's human and material resources, he took the initiative in creat- ing the atmosphere of board of directors sitting down together to meet an emer- gency. In a crisis affecting all, he made it clear he seeks the cooperation of all, ir- respective of party, to meet it. The minor- ity stockholders, politically, were encourag- ed to speak up-as they did. Never before has the President displayed with better effect his native talent of deal- ing with other politicians. Like the chairman of a board of directors, he first had the case-the nature of our emergency-presented by those whosknow it intimately, Secretary of State Acheson and General George Marshall, Secretary of De- fense. It was a stern picture given by Gene- ral Marshall, who had fresh in mind reports of the evacuation of 60,000 harried United Nations troops from Hungnam, after their bitter and brilliant fight out of attempted entrapment by the Chinese Red Army. THE NATURE of the world-wide threat from Russia's ambitious imperialism as depicted by the two cabinet officers was re- flected after the first session by a sober- faced Senator Taft, spokesman for the Re- publican leaders present. He said they rec- ognized that "a dangerous emergency" faces our people and pledged their support to the Tsrcien-'.,nrrr- mfnrh flny n m nmil- powers granted our chief executive, even in an emergency. The national emergency declaration does bestow wide powers upon the President, and, at a sign of the pen, and without the usual full debate in Congress. It was wise and proper to discuss their extent and to have spelled out the need in particular casea be- fore proceeding. By the declaration of an emergency, the President can exercise pow- ers previously granted by Congress but limit- ed to circumstances Congress itself has de- fined, such as those existing now. WITH SPEED necessary in this crisis, the process of a declaration of national emergency was adopted to avoid the neces- sarily protracted legislative procedure. This is a short cut we have come to accept in the recurring national emergencies of recent years in order to equip our democracy to meet sudden threats from totalitarian dic- tators who do not announce their moves in advance and can act without recourse to a parliamentary body. But we are properly careful of the grant of wide powers and like to define them, as far as possible, and to set a limit upon their duration. That we have always done in the past, returning af- terward to the traditional democratic gov- ernment of specified and limited powers. At the initial meeting between President Truman and congressional leaders a Jus- tice Department report was presented on some of the powers that the President could exercise. under existinr statutes through a declaration of national emer- gency. But it was not complete and Re- publicans sought additional information which the department was asked to pro- Sixty -First Year Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. Editorial Staff Jim Brown............Managing Editor Paul Brentlinger............City Editor Roma Lipsky.......Editorial Director Dave Thomas......Feature Eidtor Janet watts......Associate Editor Nancy Bylan..........Associate Editor James Gregory........Associate Editor Bill Connoily.........Sports Editor Bob San dell.. .. Associate Sports Editor Bill Brenton.....Associate Sports Editor Barbara Jans..........women's Editor Pat Brownson Associate Women's Editor Business Staff Bob Daniels.......Business Manager Walter Shapero Assoc. Business Manager Paul Schaible...'. Advertising Manager Bob Mersereau......Finance Manager Carl Breitkreitz.... Circulation Manager Telephone 23-24-1 Member of The Associated Press The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all newsdispatches credited to it or otherwise credited to this newspaper. All rights of republication of all other matters herein are also reserved. Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor,eMichigan as second-class mail matter. Subscription during regular school year: by carrier, $6.00; by mail, $7.00. BARNABY Yes indeed, Barnaby. Your Fairy Godfather is whipping Christmas into shape... I'm about to order the greeting cards your folks will send- r _i n I think a full-color reproduction of an Old Master would be nice. Something by Michelangelo?... Rembrandt? Winston Churchill? - z IIr 1 WHAT? Say, who's running this Christmas, anyway?- Who put 'up this Crummy wreath, indeed! Mr. O'Malley! Pop I I I