WEDNESDAY, J'ANUARY 11, 1950 PAGE_ FUR THE MICHIGAN DAILY I I 1 WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 11. 19~fi '1 " UN Success: Indonesia N THESE DAYS when no one hesitates to bemoan the inadequacies and failures of the United Nations, it seems only fair that time be taken to commend its successes as well. The final settlement of the Indonesian- Netherlands conflict, which last week re- sulted in the official establishment of the sovereign and independent Indonesia cer- tainly deserves note. Much of the credit for this accomplishment, the realization of which has been the aspiration of In- donesians for over 350 years, should go to the United Nations. In 1946, the growing misunderstandings and disputes in the islands were first brought to the attention of the UN Security Council. Since then, the open fighting be- tween the Indonesian Republic and the Netherlands, its "colonial administrator," was halted twice by UN action, thus pre- venting a prolonged period of slaughter. The UN helped the two countries set up a truce plan and principles designed to pave the way toward a final political settle- ment. The establishment of the new Indonesia was agreed upon last November at a four- party Round Table Conference at the Hague, governmental center of the Nether- lands. For more than 10 weeks, sessions of the Round Table conference, called with the active aid of the UN, had been attend- ed by representatives of the Netherlands, the Indonesian Republic, the Federal Consul- tative Assembly of Indonesia, and the UN Commission for Indonesia. According to the terms of the agree- ments, the new republic was granted full sovereignty over a nation of more than 70 million people and Dutch troops are to leave its territory within six months. The Republic of the United States of In- donesia is now a federation of 16 states and autonomous areas. These include the In- donesian Republic, the various political units of Borneo and Celebes as well as other members of the island group which for- merly constituted the Dutch East Indies, lo- cated off the Southeast Asiatic coast. The USI is now joined with the Kingdom of the Netherlands in a loose Netherlands Indonesian Union under the Dutch crown, much on the order of the British Common- wealth of Nations, since it is based on a broad political and economic collaboration. But the two parts of the union are equal in status and independence. And thus the strife which has prevailed far too long between Indonesia and the Netherlands must now be replaced by neighborly cooperation and friendship. It will be no easy path for the Indonesian citizens to take over the guidance of their scattered nation, but they have a chance, thanks to the United Nations, to make their independence both prosperous and lasting. In the words of UN Secretary-General Trygve Lie, "Once more, the United Nations' way of conciliation and mediation has proved its value to the world." -Joan Willens. Dying GOP HAVING LOST one election, the GOP is making a desperate attempt to make it a fiasco next fall. Not only do they jeer the President of the United States when he is acting in his official capacity but they still insist on refusing to give the people a program for which they can honestl vote. The Republican Party is against the National Health Insurance Program. They are against the Brannan Farm Plan. In fact, they are against just about anything that bears the title of Fair Deal, includ- ing we assume, Margaret Truman's sing- ing career. The Republican party is for .. . Here you have to fill in with a bunch of high sound- ing adjectives with little value . . . "the American system of free enterprise" . . "Unity" . . . Just the nice kind of things that Tom Dewey used to help the President from Missouri pull the biggest political sur- prise in history. They will tell you of course that they favor the Civil Rights Program. But they refuse to make a simple parliamentary move which would help northern Democrats get that program past the Dixie block. In fact, one of their leading candidates for the Presi- dency, Robert A. Taft, has done his damned- est to convince the Southerners that after all "we have a lot in common." There is a danger to American Political freedom in a negativistic party which in- sists on rushing itself down the road to oblivion. It can lead to the very one- party dictatorial kind of state which al- ready has our spinsterish politicians al- ready looking under the governmental beds for a Communist. We've got to have a second party in the United States if the voters are to be given anything else than a perfunctory choice at the polls. The Republicans can't wait for- ever for the people's inevitable negative vote against the Democratic Party. Pres- ent indications seem to show they won't last that long. -Don McNeil. -t S t r e A z > "You Can Still Catch The Boat If You Harry!" --V 3e.A+---- . - ~ '' c'fik' Iete*,'4TO THE EDITOR The Daily welcomes communications from its readers on matters of general interest, and will publish all letters which are signed by the writer and in good taste. Letters exceeding 30i0 words sit lenzgth, defamatory or libelous letters, and letters which for any reason are not in good taste will be condensed, edited, or withheld from publication at the discretion of the editors, DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN i 1I.Ji I Editorials published in The Michigan Daily are written by members of The Daily staff and represent the views of the writers only. NIGHT EDITOR: DOLORES LASCHEVER MATTER OF FACT: Asia Policy? By JOSEPH and STEWART ALSOP WASHINGTON-The period of American paralysis in Asia seems to be drawing to a close, judging by advance reports of the policy that Secretary of State Dean G. Acheson is to expound to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Whether this is really so, is the practical test of the Administration's decision to leave Formosa to its fate. Formosa is, of course, immensely valul- ble, more because its surplus product can help to feed Japan, than because it has great strategic importance. By every possible test, however, whether economic or strate- gic or political, Formosa is definitely less valuable than the populous, incalculably' wealthy Southeast Asiatic peninsula. The practical objection to the MacArthur-Louis Johnson policy for Formosa has been, sim- ply, that it would impede and perhaps ham- string any attempt to hold Southeast Asia against the Communist advances from China. This is so for three reasons. FIRST, a Formosan adventure would arouse suspicions of American imperial- ism all over Asia. But the first principle of the new American policy in Asia must be, and is, to ally ourselves with and sup- port the new nationalism which is the strongest Asiatic force today. Second, a Formosan adventure would also hopelessly divide our Asiatic policy from the policies of the other Western powers with Asiatic interests, and par- ticularly from the policy of the British. Yet the second principle of our new Asiatic policy must be, and is, to secure the friendly cooperation of these former colonial powers, and particularly of the British, in the great task of putting the emerging new nations of Asia firmly on their feet. Third, a Formosan adventure would sure- ly alienate the leaders of the Asiatic na- tions which are already independent, such as Pandit Nehru in India and President Soekarno and Premier Mohammed Hatta in Indonesia. Yet the third principle of our new Asiatic policy must be, and is, to in- duce Nehru and the others like him to take the lead in the effort to save Asia which we, as Westerners, can only aid and back up. SIMPLY BY STATING the objections t' to a Formosan adventure, the main themes of the new Asiatic policy have also been stated. There are, of course, various trimmings, of greater or lesser importance. Opening up active trade between Southeast Asia, with its great surplus of agricultural products, and underfed, highly industrial- ized Japan, is one piece of trimming bf the utmost importance to this country. Other, quite obvious trimmings are E.C.A. aid and some mnilitary aid for the new Asiatic na- tions. The whole adds up to the outline of an intelligent policy to halt Commun- ism's Asiatic advance. Although it is still vitally important to know why we went wrong in China, there could be no greater error than to judge the new Asiatic policy by our old China policy. There is really only one danger from the past. The mark of our postwar China policy was an extreme reluctance to engage the United States, in the way that we engaged ourselves in Greece, for example. Yet the new Asiatic policy will be doomed to rapid failure, unless this country now engages itself very boldly, politically and strate- gically as well as economically. ON THE Washington Merry-Go-Round WIlTH DREW 0~pEARSN WASHINGTON-This column recently ex- posed the manner in which Mid-Con- tinent Petroleum had fixed a $6,000,000 in- come tax evasion case for only $3,000,000, after Internal Revenue agents had recom-' mended criminal prosecution. Here is another fraud case, this one in- volving a labor union. The chief differ- ence between the two cases is that the Truman administration, despite its great and avowed friendship for labor, has not yet let the union get away with it. Al- though the union tax fraud has been de- layed for one year, it may still be prose- cuted. The big oil company case, on the other hand, was quietly fixed on the inside and was never allowed to get to the Justice Department for criminal prosecution. The labor case involves three organizers of the United Textile Workers (CIO)-Toby Mendes, Frank Bartholomew, and J. H. Turner, who are charged with encouraging workers to falsify their tax returns at the Simmons Mattress Company, Roanoke Rap- ids, N.C. The' Simmons Company was in the middle of a fight over whether the plant should or should not be organized by the United Textile Workers, and as one in- ducement to join the union, the three organizers offered to show workers how to save money on their income taxes. They saved money all right, but largely by swearing out false church contributions, travel expenses, gambling losses, etc. * * * UNION VS. COMPANY In previous years, the Simmons Company had supplied accountants to help workers make out their taxes, but chief organizer Mendes told workers that the company did not have their interest at heart and that the union would save them money. Mendes also claimed that he and the two other union organizers were former Internal Revenue agents, knew the inside ropes on how to save money. Later it turned out that only one of the organizers ever had been connected with Internal Revenue, and then only as a file clerk in Washington. Coffee Prices SENATOR Guy M. Gillett (D., Iowa) says his investigating committee has turned up evidence of "definite manipulation of the coffee market." Cost of that manipulation to U.S. consumers-$650,000,000. Yet this is a statistic that's to be left right where Senator Gillette put it on the record. Not a thing can be done about it or the market juggling that produced it. For any- one at all is free to step in and manipulate or rig the market on coffee. There are federal laws that limit the manipulating speculator on some food- After T-Men unearthed the phony tax returns and in the course of their investiga- tion, Mendes and Bartholomewiburst into the tax collector's office in the basement of the post office building at Roanoke Rapids, Four T-Men were in the room: James White, Woodrow Blue, both deputy collectors, and agents Arthur Selby and Joseph A. Taglieri of the Intelligence unit. "I understand you are looking for me," said Mendes. "You don't have to look for me. Here I am." There being no comment, Mendes con- tinued: "I understand you are investigat- ing the returns we made out." Agent Selby admitted this was a possi- bility. 'Well, I wouldn't if I were you," Mendes warned. "You may get into trouble." * * * WIRE-PULLING IN WASHINGTON THE FRAUDULENT tax returns were for the year 1947, and the Treasury Depart- ment concluded its investigation in 1948. More than a year elapsed after that, during which Mendes- apparently tried to carry out 'his threat. For no prosecution was ordered in Washington. Union officials claimed that the com- pany had inspired the tax probe; that it was a part of intimidation tactics used by the Simmons Company to prevent the organization of their mills. Internal Rev- enue agents, however, claimed that the company kept hands off. They said that Frank Williams, manager of the mill, told them he didn't want to have anything to do with the matter, didn't even want to hear anything about it. Finally, after more than one year's dick- ering and delay in Washington, the Justice Department sent the case to Bryce R. Holt, U.S. Attorney in Greensboro, N.C., for crim- inal prosecution. Holt, however, has informed the -Justice Department that he is opposed to prosecu- tion. He justifies this on the ground that the three union organizers got no financial return for preparing fraudulent returns and that prosecution of the case in court would boil down to a battle between labor and management. That is the status of the case as of today. * * * MERRY-GO-ROUND-- JOHN L. SULLIVAN, former Secretary of the Navy, is branching into public rela- tions. He will be the new chairman of Allied Syndicate-a New York public relations firm. . . . There'll be no more strain on senator's voices in the remodeled Senate chamber. A four-hour acoustics test by the Bureau of Standards demonstrated that senators can now whisper their speeches and still be heard. ... The annual income-tax headache will be bigger this year. Uncle Sam has sent out China Recognition .. , To the Editor: T[HE WESTERN block is begi mng to crumble. Britain, Nor way, Denmark, and Ceylon are on ly the first to recognize the new Chinese government. They rea lize that international trade i essential to their internal wel fare. To establish this trade the have openly defied the U.S. in recognizing China. What Henry Wallace predicted has become a reality. Other nations are seeing where a U.S. path bent upon di- viding the world into two armed camps will lead. They have choser to reject Chiang and his programr of reaction to support one of eco- nomic cooperation and good-will They have given us a direct slap and repudiated our multi-billion dollar war plan for the destruction of Asia. Let this be a hint of the inter- national rejection and humiliation in store for our government when the democratic expression of other nations is allowed to voice itself The only road is a return to the policy of F. D. Roosevelt with the removal of all trade-barriers which now exist between east and west. We can take positive action to- ward world peace by taking the lead. We must show the world that we are determined that World War III will not occur. Are we doing this now? -Gordon MacDougall. When? To the Editor: FOR SOME years now I have been reading the excellent pa- per you put out. I have learned many things from reading it. But there is one piece of information I have never found in The Daily, namely, just when is Hy Bershad, who wrote you last Saturday, go- ing to grow up? -Jasper B. Reid, Jr. * * * 'New Voice*...' To the Editor: FOUND Gregory's editorial of last Thursday to be one of the aptest I have read on the national internal problem. I do not believe his vociferous critics have dealt with the basic question: "Can America survive as a nation if a religion is made of personal se- curity?" Obviously the late gimme-gim- me trend cannot continue indefi- nitely without on the one hand impairing the profit motive which impels the national economy (as Gregory points out in-his Tuesday editorial), and on the other hand snowballing the national debt to the point where the national cur- rency must collapse. It is heartening to see that Americans like Gregory still exist and speak out. It was a spirit such as theirs which built this nation. May their spirit be strong enough to preserve it. -0. R. Loveless * * * To the Editor: THE DAILY is to be congratu- lated upon sheltering a DP transplanted from the realm of ies, each time they supposedly 're- luctantly' raise prices to cover a wage increase, have in fact raised nprices two or three times what was n required. 2 - Employers are not being vasked to "pay highier wages for the same anouunt ofwork." Pro- s ductivity in this country rises - about 3% a year, and it is only y fair that workers share in this in- crease. 3-As for expansion and im- a provement of equipment, Amei- can corporations have adopted the pernicious practice of financing these out of current profits. Why bother with bond issues, when the consumer is so easily milked? If risk capital were really tied to profits, as Mr. Gregory suggests, the market would be flooded with it today. That it is not is owing to a widespread doubt of the abil- ity of the free enterprise system to survive in the long run, a doubt shared by labor, investors, and most of all by the large corpora- tions who are its loudest horn- tooters. All are greedily hunting today's profits in the gloomy con- viction that there won't be any tomorrow's. If Mr. Gregory can convert the unbelievers to his pristine faith in the individual initiative system, let ' hm do so, and cease badgering the poor workingmen whose faith is not so great and whose needs are much greater. -David Saletan * * * 'C'age' Cregory . . To the Editor: TRUE, Mr. Gregory, wages are a cost of production. They limit the available capital with which management must operate on. But Dear Mr. Gregory, wages, to1 their recipients, are income, and income is purchasing power, and purchasing power is livelihood, and life to a wageearner is much more important to him than is an inanimate machine. Men, since long back have fought to eat. They worked for these wages (costs to you)-wages which are used by them to pur-1 chase bread and butter -wages1 which are used to furnish them with clothing and shelter. Sure,( they eat white bread one day, but1 why can't they want rye the next.i One suit may be enough in 1930,I but can't they want three in 1950?t The extent of a workingman's1 were well sized up by Samuelt Gompers (37 years President of the AFL) in 1907, and they hold true today: 'We want morehto- day, and we'll always want more." No demand ever led to a disas- ter Mr. Gregory, but American workers with this innate desire tot demand, and with their ability to express their demands, are the1 envy of workers all over the world.f Workers' demands for wages are a culmination of years andgyears of fighting and wanting. Workers9 just aren't economists. They onlyC produce and consume, and to them, security is in the form of a lasting job, a substantial wage,F and a strong ever-demandingt union.f It's a funny world we're living in, isn't it? Full of politics, pit- falls, and angles. Everyone wantsL and no one gives. Unions some-v times angle to ask increases be-p (Continued from Page 3) Final Examination Room Schedul English- 1-M4on., Jan. 23, 2-5 p.mi Allison, 2003 AH; Amend, 10 Ec; Barrows, 229 AH; Bennett, 22 35 AH; Bollinger, 101 Ec; Bolt wood, 2014 AH; Burd, 1025 AH Carr, 18 AH; Cherniak, 1018 AH Cook, 2013 AH; Coyle, E. Haven Culbert, 35 AH; Eastman, 103 AH; E. Engel, 2225 AH; R. Enge 231 AH; Felheim, D-AMH; Flet cher, 2003 AH; Goodman, 2 Ec Gross, G Haven; Hampton, 22 AH; Hendrick, 3017 AH; Hend ricks, 35 AHi; Hill, 2 Ec; Howard 1025 AH; Huntley, 101 Ec; M.Kel ley, West Physics Lee.; Klomp AH: Lamberts, 225 AH; Maloff West Physics Lee.; Markham, 100 AH; Marshall, West Physics Lee. McCaughey, 1209 AH; McCue, 21. Ec; McLeod, D Haven; J. Miller West Physics Lee.; P. Miller, 20 MH; Moon, 3017 AH; Needham 1209 AH; Newman, D Haven; Ore] 1025 AH; Paterson, 205 MH; Pot ter, 1035 AH; Reeves, 212 AH; Ro bertson, 2225 A lsRogers, Wes Physics Lee.; Ross, 2003 AH Schlochauer, 231 AH; Simpson, 10 25 AH; Slote, 205 MH; Earl Smith D-AMH; Ed. Smith, 205 MH Speckard, 2235 AH; Steinhoff, 23 AH; Stevens, 3017 AH; Stockton E Haven; Van Syoc, 35 AH; Wal- ton, 225 AH; Weimer, 2225 AH Wikelund, 16 AH. English 2-Mon., Jan. 23, 2-5 p.m Donaldson, 3011 AH; Edwards 2203 All; Everett, 3231 AH J Kelley, 2029 AH; Muehl, 2219 AH Peterson, 2215 AH; Savage, 223: AlH; Shedd, 2016 AH; Walt, 320 All; Whan, 3010 AH. Concerts The University Musical Societ will present the Budapest String Quartet (Josef Roisman and Ja Gorodetzky, violins; Boris Kroyt viola; and Mischa Schneider, vio- loncello) in the tenth annua Chamber Music Festival in th Rackham Bldg. Auditorium a follows: Fri., Jan. 13, 8:30 p.m.: Quar- tet in B-flat major, Op. 76, No. 4- Haydn; Grand Fugue, Op. 133- Beethoven; Quartet in B-flat ma- jor, Op. 67-Brahms. Sat., Jan. 14, 8:30 p.m.: Quar- tet in E-flat major, K. 428-Mo- zart; Quartet No. 3-Piston; Quar- tet in F major, Op. 135-Beetho- ven. Sun., Jan. 15, 2:30 p.m.: Quar- tet in F major, Op. 18, No. 1- Beethoven; Quartet, Op. 22, No 3-Hindemith; Quartet in D min- or-Schubert. Tickets for the series or for in- dividual concerts are available at the offices of the University Mu- sical Society in Burton Memorial Tower and will be available in the lobby of the Rackham Bldg. one hour before each performance. Faculty Concert: Marilyn Ma- son, Instructor in Organ in the School of Music, will be heard in a program in Hill Auditorium, at 4:15 p.m., Wed., Jan. 11. She will be assisted by the University String Orchestra conducted by Emil Raab. Program: Handel's Concerto in F Major, followed by Mozart's Three Sonatas for Organ and Strings, Toccata and Fugue in D minor by Bach; Pastorale by Roger-Ducasse, Dieu Parmi Nous by Olivier Messiaen; Slow Piece for String Orchestra by Ross Lee Finney, Professor of Composition at the University, and Prelude and Allegro for Organ and Strings by Piston. The public is invited. Student Recital: Wilma Jeanne Wilson, pianist, will present a re- cital at 8:30 p.m., Thurs., Jan. 12, Rackham Assembly Hall, in par- tial fulfillment of the require- ments for the Master of Music degree. Program: Compositions by Bach, Schumann, Mozart, and So- nata in E major by Ross Lee Fin- ney, Professor of Composition in the School of Music. She is a pu- pil of Ava Comin Case. Open to the public. Events Today Wesley Foundation: 4 p.m., Wed., Do-Drop-In. Informal ga- thering for tea and cookies. 7:15 Open Cabinet Meeting. 8 p. m., p.m., Bible Study Group. 8:30 p.m., Fri., Square Dance. Westminster Guild: Tea 'n Talk, Third. floor lounge, Presbyterian Church. Canterbury Club: 7:30-10 p.m., Rev. and Mrs. Burt are at home to all Episcopal students and their friends. The Traitor will open at 8 p.m., Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre, and will run through Saturday night; presented by the Department of Pencil sharpener. Old Business: Amendment to Article IV, tion A of the Constitution cerning attendance. See- con- Student Legislature: Meeting, 7:30 p.m., Grand Rapids Room, League. AGENDA: I. Cabinet Report. 1. Approval of Committee Chairmen Appointments. 2. General Announcements. II. Committee Reports 1. Semester Reports of each Committee. Bridge Tournament: The last master-point bridge tournament" of the current semester, 7:30 p.m., second floor Terrace Room. Union. Everyone is invited to attend. Student-Faculty Coffee Hour: Political Science Department, 4- 5 p.m., Union Terrace Room. Aire-Ire: Meeting, 8 p.m., Wed., Jan. 11, 348 W. Engineering. Dr. Robert Gesell, "Some Electrical Phenomena of the Central Nervous System" (illustrated). Ice Skating Club: Ensian pic- tures to be taken during club ses- sion from 1 to 3 p.m. U. of M. Theatre Guild: Meet- ing, 7:30 p.m., League. I.A.S.: Meeting, 7:30 p.m., 1084 E. Engineering Bldg. Panel dis- cussion on Jet Transportation. U. of M. Rifle Club: Match. with Women's Rifle Club, WAB. Meet in ROTC range, 7 p.m. All mem- bers to fire. Sigma XI: 8 p.m., Rackham Am- phitheatre. Dr. Russell D. O'Neal, of Aeronautical Research Center, will speak on "High-speed Digital Computing Machines." The pub- lic is invited. Refreshments. United World Federalists: 7:30 p.m., Michigan Union. Election of , new officers. Report of year's ac- tivities. Members are urged to at- tend. ULLR Ski Club: Meeting, 7:30 p.m.,fUnion, to plan weekend ski trip for next weekend and the be- tween-term trip to Boyne, Colhing- wood, Laurentians, or Aspen. Mov- ies. Anthropology Club: Final meet- ing, 7:30 p.m., 3024 Museums Bldg. Entrance by the rear door. Prof. Charles L. Stevenson will address the club on "Free Will and Deter- minism." Women of the University Facul- ty: Tea, 4-6 p.m., fourth floor clubroom, League. Romance Journal Club: Profes- sor Julio del Toro, Editor of the Modern Language Journal will speak on The Work -of the Editor of a Modern Language Publica- tion. 4:10 p.m., E. Conference Room, Rackham Bldg. Guests in- vited. Delta Sigma Pi: Business meet- ing at chapter house, 7:30. -Michigan Arts Chorale. Regular rehearsal, 7 p.m., Room B, Haven Hall. Coming Events U. of M. Sailing Club: Business meeting, 7 p.m., Thurs., -Jan. 12, 311 West Engineering. Alpha Phi Omega: Regular meeting and installation of Offi- (Continued on Page 5) Mir~tgn Dail tI I i e i I Fifty-Ninth Year Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. Editorial Staff Leon Jaroff............Managing Editor Al Blumrosen............City Editor Philip Dawson....Editorial Director: Mary Stein ..........Associate Editor Jo Misner..............Associate Editor George Walker.......Associate Editor Don McNeil......Associate Editor. Alex Lmanian .....Photography Editor Pres Holmes........Sports Co-Editor Merle Levin .......... Sports Co-Editor. Roger Goeiz.....Associate Sports Editor Miriam Cady.........Women's Editor 4 II