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VOL. LX, No. 46 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, NOV. 17, 1949
PRICE FIVE CENTS
Illegal Arrest
Made, Coplon
Defense Says
Prosecution Calls
Move Necessary
NEW YORK-(IP)--Judith Cop-
Ion's lawyer contended in hours of
courtroom argument yesterday
that the FBI arrested his petite
brunette client as a spy suspect
for no good reason. ,
But the Government said there
were compelling reasons - that
failure to pick up Miss Coplon and
her former Russian friend, Valen-
tin Gubitchev, would have- been
like "locking the stable after the
horse was stolen and the crime
committed."
FEDERAL JUDGE Sylvester J.
Ryan listened to both sides and
then said he would hear more ar-
guments Friday before deciding
whether the 28-year-old Miss Cop-
Ion must stand, trial with Gubit-
chev on spy conspiracy charges.
Miss Coplon's attorney, Archi-
bald Palmer, introduced 11 FBI
and other witnesses in a hearing
designed to show that the ex-
Government girl's arrest with
Gubitchev here last March 4
was illegal.
The final witness, Miss Coplon's
former boss, said he gave her on
the morning of her arrest a secret
message which proved to be a de-
coy-although he didn't know it
at the time.
* * *
WILLIAM E. FOLEY, a Depart-
ment of Justice Section Chief, was
the witness. He said the message
was "hot" and "strictly confiden-.
tial." And he added that he
thought its contents were mostly
true.
The message said Isidore G.
Needleman, general counsel for
Russia's Amtorg Trading Corpo-
. ration, was an FBI informer.
The Government charges that
excerpts from this message were
found in Miss Coplon's purse when
she and Gubitchev were arrested.
Peake kalks
On Function
Of Counseling
Discussing the function and im-
portance of faculty counseling,
Charles H. Peake, assistant dean
of the literary college, last night
called "counseling properly con-
ceived an integral part of the edu-
cation process."
Speaking to a graduate seminar
in education, Dean Peake asserted
that faculty counselors were at
the heart of the educational sys-
tem.
THE FACULTY counselor, he
said, must help to clarify the stu-
dent's objectives and broaden his
vision of educational goals.
He stressed the importance of
vocational guidance as func-
tional "in assisting students to
get a significant objective around
which they can biM ht{ +har
general and specialized educa.
tion."
The purposes of vocational guid-
ance is to increase the student's
knowledge of himself and give him
a wider range of vocational know-
ledge on which to base his deci-
sion, he added.
With reference to student fail-
ure in college, Dean Peake said,
"If a college admission system has
any validity at all, student failure
does not in itself indicate lack of
ability to profit from college train-
ing, but suggests other factors
which prevent use of that ability."
Dean Discusses
A-wBomb Aspoects
By NORMAN MILLER
"Because of the nature of uranium fission, there is no such thing
as a 'small' atomic bomb, Dean Ralph Sawyer said last night during
a talk on the practical aspects of the atomic bomb.
Speaking before a meeting of the Institute of Aeronautical
Sciences, he declared that an atomic bomb dropped in the harbor
of a city would make it uninhabitable .and several such bombs dropped
near strategic industrial centers would paralyze the nation.
* * * *
"A BOMB RELEASED in the harbor would send a deadly atomic
mist over the city killing many of the people and making the buildings
radioactive," he said.
The best methods by which an enemy could deliver the bombs
would be through the use of submarines and merchant ships or
hiese
_ eign
Nationalists
Shipping, R
To
epor
Bang-Gotcha!
At least six Michigan hunters
were reported dead from gun-
fire accidents last night as the
deer season entered its third
day in snow-blanketed north-
ern woods.
And fatal heart attacks claim-
ed the lives of four others in
the Upper Peninsula, including
a 71-year-old legless Navy vet-
eran hunting in a wheelchair.,
All reports indicated the mor-
tality rate of hunters far ex-
ceeded that of the pursued deer.
SL Will ACt
* * *
T
guided missles launched from
the decks of the vessels while at
sea, he added.
DEAN RALPH SAWYER
Enrollment
Of Coloees
Shows Gain
WASHINGTON - (/P) - De-
spite another drop in veterans, the
nation's colleges this fall enrolled
more students than ever before.
Enrollment totaled 2,456,841, the
Office of Education reported yes-
terday. This is an increase of only
48,000 over a year ago.
THE AGENCY interpreted this
as an indication that the big post-
war increase in higher education is
tapering off.
The number of veterans
studying under the G.I. Bill
dropped toy 856,000, 16 per cent
below last year.
More than twice as many men
as women--1,728,000 to 728,000-
enrolled this fall.
Freshman enrollments declined
6.2 per cent to 372,000 in the uni-
versities, colleges and professional
schools.
All types of schools reported de-
clines in veteran enrollments.
Autopsy Shows
Deatht by Blowl
Not Probable
A University Hospital autopsy
has shown the sudden death of
Eugene Potter, '52L, who suffered
a fatal heart attack Monday af-
ternoon following a workout at the
IM Building, was not the result of
any blow he might have received
while boxing.
Dr. Edwin C. Ganzhorn, Wash-
tenaw County Coroner, said that
the fatal attack might have been
induced by strenuous exercise,
however.
University officials said his
death was the first fatality in more
than 20 years of the University's
intramural sports program.
Dean Sawyer, who was techni-
cal director of Operation Cross
roads, explained that data obtain-
ed at the Bikini tests, indicated
that any naval vessel within three
quarters of a mile of the atomic
blast could never be used again.
"THERE ARE three major
means of destruction caused by
dropping an atomic bomb from
the air," he said.
"Compression from the blast
will crush almost every building
within a mile radius of the ex-
plosion."
Secondly the heat generated by
the explosion, which is 100 times
brighter than the sun, will start
fires as far as two miles from the
point the bomb is dropped from."
And lastly the radiation caus-
ed by the fission of uranium will
kill persons within a half mile
of the explosion and seriously
injure those within two miles.
"The atomic bomb will probably
never be used extensively in naval
warfare as warships are too dis-
persed at sea for a bomb to be
effective."
World News
Round"Up
By The Associated Press
LONDON-The Labor-dominat-
ed House of Commons last night
reprieved the British steel indus-
try from the state ownership for a'
few months at least.
It postponed until after the next
general election the actual take-
over of the industry by the gov-
ernment.
* * -
ANKARA, Turkey-The Turk-
ish government announced last
night it had smashed a plot to
assassinate President I s m e t
Inonu.
The announcement said three
members of the opposition Na-
tion's party are under arrest
and police are searchng the
homes of other members of the
strongly Nationalistic party.
HAMILTON, Bermuda-A B-29
plane with 20 men aboard appar-
ently crash landed into the sea
off the Bermuda coast yesterday,
and hours later rescue planes and
surface craft reported no trace of
the air giant.
DETROIT-The Detroit Free
Press reported last night police
had new information in the five-
year-old slaying of state Senator
Warren G. Hooper.
The newspaper said two convicts
from Southern Michigan Prison
and currently jailed in Detroit
had told of being present at the
shooting of the star witness in a
state grand jury investigation.
Two Students
Expelled by U'
The University Subcommittee on
Discipline yesterday announced
that two students have been ex-
pelled for "conduct unbecoming
University students."
Officials declined to reveal the
nature of the offense.
AIM president Walt Hansen im-
mediately pledged that the AIM
Executive Council would conduct
a full investigation of the commit-
tee's action.
"We're not presupposing either
their guilt or innocence but since,
according to information we have
received, these men are independ-
ents, we feel that it is our respon-
sibility to investigate the matter,"
Hansen said.,
On Various
-Daily-Burt Sapowitch
STUDENT SPEAKERS-Studying their notes for yesterday's open forum discussion on University
paternalism are (left to right) Leonard Whittlin'er, '50, Barbara Barrett, '50, Gordon MacDougall,
'52, and Alan Kidston, '52. MacDougall and Kidston argued the affirmative and Miss Barrett and
Whittlinger presented the negative.
* * * * * * * *
Assembly Discusses
lk
U' Paternalism
By NAN BYLAN
Four student speakers and an
enthusiastic audience considered
the pro's and con's of University
paternalism at the Speech As-
sembly yesterday in Rackham
Lecture Hall.
The discussion centered around
five points: women's hours, the
liquor ban, the driving ban, the
speakers ban, and the 2.4 average
required of fraternities.
* I *
EACH SPEAKER was allowed
four minutes to present the views
of his side and four minutes to
answer the cross questioning of
an opponent.
At the conclusion of a two
minute summary from each side,
the floor was thrown open to
the audience.
Speaking first for the affirma-
tive, Alan Kidston, '52, declared
the University is treating its stu-
dents as if they were socially im-
tnature_.
* * *
"RIGHT HERE are the people
who must be prepared to face the
FOR ELECTIONS:
Three Voting Schemes To Be
Explained By SL on Radio
By PETER HOTTON
Students will have three differ-
ent voting procedures to choose
from in the elections Monday and
Tuesday - the "X" system,
"weighted" system and Hare sys-
tem.
Student Legislators will explain
the procedures at 4:15 p.m. today
over WHRV. At 12:30 p.m. Mon-
day, SL members will present pre-
election speculation, and inter-
views will be broadcast between 11
and 11:30 p.m. Tuesday. Final
returns will be aired at 12:30 p.m.
Wednesday.
* * *
ELECTION OFFICIALS empha-
sized that to make the Legisla-
ture representative, every student
should get out and vote. They
added that graduate students are
eligible to vote.
Easiest procedure will be for
the candidates for the Boards in
Control of Student Publications
and Intercollegite Athletics.
Voters will only have to mark an
"X" for as many positions open
on each Board.
A new system will be tried outE
on J-Hop candidates. The nine
committee members will be chosen
by a "weighted" system similar to
the Associated Press football poll
each week to determine the top
ten teams.
A number one vote will count 10
points down to a 10th place vote
counting one point.
MOST COMPLICATED of the
three systems is the Hare System
of proportional representation, un-
der which Student Legislators are
elected. The system is designed
primarily to make the minority
vote count.
Only job for the voter is to
mark his candidates by number,
according to his preference.
. Basically, the system is one of
elimination of-losers with the few-
est first-place votes and election
of winners with the most. A quota
is set up by adding one to the
number of votes cast and dividing
by the number of offices open plus
one.
Any person over the quota on
the first count is automatically
elected. After this count, the low-
est are eliminated and their bal-
lots re-distributed according to
second-place selections, which in
the second count are equal to first-
place tallies. All ballots over a
winner's quota are also redistrib-
uted, but the others are thrown
out.
As the count continues, often
until 4 a.m., the quota automati-
cally decreases until the last man
is elected and the last man de-
feated.
Arts Chordle
The Arts Chorale will hold a
special rehearsal at 6:45 p.m.
today at Haven Hall, Prof. May-
nard Klein announced last
night.
social problems of the future, and
yet we are not given an equivalent
responsibility to that of others our
age outside school."
Rules are necessary as a
guidance, but these University
regulations only serve to limit
our powers of discretion and
judgment, he argued.
He declared it incongruous that
senior women should be involun-
tarily put under hour restric-
tions while freshmen men were
subjected to no such measure.
BARBARA Barrett, '50, opened
the negative's case by agreeing
that the .University is paternalistic,
"but not excessively so."
Women can change their own
hours if they are dissatisfied,
she claimed, and cited the recent
extension of 1:30 permission
If drinking is allowed in the
dormitories, there is a chance
that minors will be violating the
state liquor laws, she said.
* 1' *
RESUMING the affirmative at-
tack, Gordon MacDougall, '52,
condemned the University for tak-
ing a "Victorian attitude."
"You'd think the University
would prefer students drinking
in their rooms to drinking in
the streets."
Some eastern schools prohibit
drinking anywhere except in stu-
dent rooms," he added.
* - * *
THE SPEAKERS ban is ham-
pering our chances to broaden
our thinking, he said and criti-
cized the action taken last year
in banning James Zarichny from
speaking at the University.
MacDougall also objected to
the "discrimination" against
fraternities, which placed the
Greek groups on different grade
average requirements than the
dormitories.
Concluding the discussion, Leon-
ard Whittlinger, '50, upheld the
driving ban, cited figures for the
decreasing number of student au-
tomobile deaths since restrictions
were levied.
"ZARICHNY was prohibited to
speak the Saturday before the
speakers ban was lifted and since
that time students have heard
other speakers talk here in simi-
ltr veins," he argued.
He defended the 2.4 average
requirement by reminding his op-
ponents that "education is our
major purpose here."
'UT' Activitie
Check Comnplaint s
SL's Better Business Bureau is
investigating student complaints
citing "unfair use and high cost"
of aptitude tests required for en-
trance into the law and medical
schools, according to Al Boyce, of
the BBB staff..
"Several students have com-
plained that the exams apparently
have no bearing on admission, but
are referred to chiefly when the
schools wish to oust students," he
explained.
* * *
BOYCE SAID the tests cost stu-
dents approximately $10 and are
conducted by an outside testing
service.
"The BBB is seeking to learn
how the testing service operates
and what stock University offi-
cials put in the tests," Boyce
said.
He stated that BBB will inves-
tigate the possibility of having the
tests conducted at less cost to the
student, with the Universiy taking
a more direct hand in the testing.
* * -
Approval Sought
The Human Relations Commit-
tee of the Michigan Plan will go
up for approval before Student
Legislature at 7:30 p.m. today in
the Union at the last meeting be-
fore elections.
The Committee is under the
temporary chairmanship of Tom
Walsh, and composed of repre-
sentatives from several campus
groups.
* * *
A STATEMENT of policy and
12 specific points drawn up to
promote further social contact be-
tween campus groups as a method
of eliminating discriminatory at-
titudes and intergroup frictions on
campus will be presented.
The meeting is the last one be-
fore elections and candidates are
required to attend.
West Quad's rally, scheduled for
9:30 p.m. today, was postponed
until 9:30 p.m. Sunday because of
the meeting.
* * *
Early Pep Rally
The pep rally for the Ohio State
game will start at 7:15 p.m. to-
morrow to give students ample
time to get back to the Varsity
Night show, rally chairman Dave
Pease announced yesterday.
He set tomorrow morning as the
deadline for student donations to-
wards the rally. SL has asked
every residential division on cam-
pus to contribute at least $2 to
help finance it.
Contributions from women's
residences should be turned in at
the Merit Tutorial Office at the
League; men's at the IFC office
in the Union, Pease said.
Bomb
Is Say_
U.S. Protests
Ship Shelling
Off Shanghai
No Recognition
Of RedRegime
By The Associated Press
Nationalist China was reported
yesterday to have ordered the
bombing of all foreign shipping in
the Strait of Formosa.
The United States Harbor Mas-
ter at Kobe, Japan, said he had
received this message which origi-
nated with the American Consul at
Taipeh, Formosa:
* * *
"THE CHINESE Air Force here
informed the British Air Attache
Tuesday and American Attache
yesterday that instructions have
been received to bomb all shipping
tn Formosa Strait and that the
Chinese Foreign Ministry has so
notified foreign representatives at
Chungking."
Meanwhile, the United States
dispatched a swift protest to
Nationalist China yesterday on
Tuesday's shelling of the Ameri-
can merchant vessel "Flying
Cloud" off Shanghai.
Secretary of State Acheson, an-
nouncing this at a news confer-
ence, struck out even more heated-
ly at the Chinese Communists. He
declared that any consideration of
American recognition of their re-
gime is out of the question now be-
cause of their imprisonment of
American Consul General Angus
Ward at Mukden.
ACHESON ALSO:
1. Reported he had discussed
with British Foreign Minister Be-
in at Paris last week the question
or recognizing the Chinese Com-
munists and that they had agreed
they would keep in touch on this
issue.
2. Strongly indicated that
Ambassador Philip Jessup the
Administration's diplomatic
trouble shooter, will be sent
soon on a survey mission to the
Far East.
3. Disclosed that Russia, at the
request of the United States, had
agreed it would intervene with
Communist authorities in North
Korea regarding the release of two
members of the CA staff for
southern Korea whom the Com-
munists are holding.
AND IN CHUNGKING, political
quarters yesterday said Acting
President Li Tsung-Jen in effect
is telling Generalissimo Chiang
Kai-Shek to agree to stand and
fight the onrushing Reds or take
back the presidency.
The rift between the two Na-
tionalist leaders overshadowed
the war news, even though the
Defense Minstry said a counter-
attack about 130 miles to the
east had halted the Communists
on the road to Chungking.
Political quarters say Li in effect
is saying to Chiang: "If you want
to reassume the presidency go
ahead. If you want to co-operate
with me in the fight against the
Reds, then listen to my views."
IRC Opens
Membershipm
The International Relations
Club is oepning membership in
response to a Daily editorial which
criticized the "closed" policy of
certain campus groups, according
to Maryann Harris, publicity
chairman.
"Should the U.S. Extend Aid to
Democratic Countries in the Far
East," will be the question dis-
cussed at the open meeting at 7:30
p.m. today in Rm. 3D of the Union.
Formerly, membership in IRC
was limited to 20 people. An at-
tempt is now being made to in-
crease the number of active par-
ticipants, she said.
Senior Proofs
TRAGEDY PREFERRED:
Learning Opera Roles
Difficult, Says Italo Tajo
By PHOEBE FELDMAN
Leariing an opera part involves
more studying than singing, ac-
cording to basso Italo Tajo.
The noted singer in yesterday's
Choral Union concert, who has
enacted 87 different opera roles in
his 10-year career, said he "al-
ways pays more attention to learn-
ing the characterization and plot"
than practicing the technical vocal
,,,r,.
garo," said he finds it easier to
do comic roles.
Tajo prefers doing original in-
terpretations to stock ones, he
confessed.
"THAT'S WHY I prefer trag-
edy," he said. In that case, when
you study the role, you can put
some teeth in the acting, he added.
According to Tajo, the hardest
thing for him to do is parts like
EAST-WEST POLICIES CLASH:
Press Control in Germany Differs
By RICH THOMAS
Newspapers in the Western zone
of Germany are comparatively
free. while control of the press in
zone," Dr. Gruetzner said, "is the
necessity of applying for permis-
sion to the German Government
before a newspaper begins to be
tion to bring an exceptionally
objectionable editor in line."
The situation in the Russian
zone is entirely different accord-
The Russians claimed -that a
strawberry is an - international
blossom, and that the article was
exciting German nationalistic