________ THE MICHIGAN DAILY

[OMAS L. STOKES:

VASHINGTON-
couraging, as
is helpful to lo(
rts being made f
.e real vigor the
actions.
More than evej
loubling those e
ietivity.
Cold war tensior

orld Government
-Progress Report
When things look dis- They turned aside from the disturbing news
they do now in the world, of the day to look hopefully forward and
ok at the constructive ef- to intensify their activity before it is too
for peace and to recognize late.
y possess despite all dis- How effective these people have been-
and there are millions of them supporting
r is there reason for re- plans for strengthening union among na-
fforts through organized tions of the world-is revealed in checking
, over achievements, which it is well to do at
this time.
is prhas at 14ct its epak as * ' * *

'e observe this week the fifth anniversary of
1e opening of that meeting in San Francisco
hat created the United Nations.
The United Nations still is a going institu-
on. It is doing lots of good throughout the
orld through various of its agencies, slow-
r spreading understanding and good will in
aany ways, even though it is handicapped
a tackling some of the major dilemmas that
onfront the world because of the impasse
etween the U.S. and Russia.
* * *
HIS WEEK, simultaneously, there are al-
so observances up and down our land,
Dr a world federal government with world
iw. This is the only way, in the end, to
heck the recurring violators of peace, the
ggressors who seem to rise periodically
:rough history, a manifestation of distorted
uman nature and greed for power that we
robably always will have with us, human
ature being what it is. Only a world gov-
mient can bridle such power-hungry
idividuals and groups who mislead their
wn people. It will require an organized
orld society to cope with such, just as we
arned long ago to cope with minor copies
f them on a smaller scale in our communi-
es.
The vigor of this movement in our na-
tion is being exhibited this week in earnest
men and women who, in increasing num-
bers, gathered together in public meetings,
including church meetings and other spec-
Lally arranged functions, to rededicate
hemselves to peace under world law.
ditorials published in The Michigan Daily
re written by members of The Daily staff
nd represent the views of the writers only.
NIGHT EDITOR: ROZ VIRSHUP

PENDING IN CONGRESS are several pro-
posals looking toward this objective
which are publicly supported, in one form or
another, by more than a third of the mem-
bership of House and Senate. Twenty-one
state legislatures have passed resolutions en-
dorsing the idea of world federation, which,
shows the grass-roots pressure behind it.
Five of these states-Connecticut, Florida,
Maine, New Jersey and North Carolina-
have adopted resolutions asking Congress to
call a convention to propose a Constitution-
al amendment to "expedite and insure
American participation in a world federal
government open to all nations."
This shows that our people are not afraid
of bold measures and, as usual, are ahead of
some of their national leaders.
Supporters of the various proposals in-
clude persons from all walks of life and
of all ranks, high and low-a great middle
group. The noisy opposition is agitated by
Communists on the extreme left and by
groups of the extreme right, a familiar
combination.
-A..
Nor is the world federation movement
confined to this country. It is active and
growing in strength all around the globe.
There are live and alert world federation
groups now in Canada, China, Denmark,
England, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
India, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, the Nether-
lands, New Zealand, Norway, the Philippines
and Poland. Significant is the fact that
France, Italy and West Germany have
clauses in their new constitutions enabling
them to participate in a world federation
when other nations agree to create it, so that
no further authority is needed in those cases.
All of this has real meaning, which it i
hopeful to consider now in the flood of de-
pressing news. It shows that millions of peo-
ple all over the world are thinking, speaking,
out for themselves, and working.
(Copyright, 1950, by United Feature Syndicate, Inc.)

ail

'Vote' Leaflet
NO ONE-whether Independent or Affil-
iated-can overlook certain action by the
Association of Independent Men in the re-
cent Student Legislature elections. The Cam-
pus Action Committee of the AIM published
and distributed an estimated 5,500 four-page
pamphlets, each including an alphabetical
listing of Independent candidates with their
qualifications in brief and a preface directed
to all Michigan Independents.
Designed to carry out an AIM resolution
that "people should be encouraged to vote
for those best able to represent them," the
result was a propaganda pamphlet for In-
dependent candidates, entitled "Voter's
Information Sheet." It'stated, in part:
"First, all Independents must vote on
April 26-27; and second, they MUST vote
for those candidates who can best re-
present them after they are elected.
"It's time the Independents made them-
selves felt. So Independents, get out and vote
for those candidates who, like you, are IN-
DEPENDENTS."
Such slogans as the following were includ-
ed after the listings:
"These Candidates can best represent
you."
"Seniors! These are your Independent
candidates."
There seems to be a discrepancy of some
note between the policy of the AIM and
the actual product of that policy. The
pamphlet did not apply to "people" in
general, but was directed, instead, to In-
dependents in particular.
According to President Marvin Failer, "the
only purposes of the pamphlet were infor-
mation and to get out the vote," yet it ap-
pears that the "information" was all In-
dependent information and the "vote"
sought after was that of the Independents
In contrast to propaganda such as this, pub-
lished under the guise of "voter's informa-
tion," are the SL "Know Your Candidates"
pamphlet or the Daily candidate page which
tend to provide the voter information and
incentive advocated by the AIM resolution.
Secondly, in principle, if not in fact, the
"Voter's Information Sheet" provides con-
crete evidence of an active and direct ef-
fort to superimpose a two-party system
upon the SL, with affiliation as the basic
criterion. This is an effort from which
neither Independents nor Affiliates can
claim complete innocence, yet it would
produce a system which is opposed by
large segments of both groups.
With so much information made available
to the students through stands on contro-
versial and important SL issues, it is cer-
tainly a discredit to ANY organization to ad-
vocate choice primarily by affiliation.
-Pete Thorpe
Closing HFlours
THE LEAGUE rule effected last semester
which grants late permission to all coeds
on nights when special dances are held needs
to be changed.
The new rule is good so far as it eliminates
differential treatment for the women wioj
go to the special affairs, but, as it stands
now, it overlooks one very important asped
of the time element.
On 1:30 nights men still have to be out,
of the residence halls at 12:25. Parties and
other social events end at the regular hour,
on late nights, and, with the exception of
some Main St. establishments and a few out
of the way spots, eating places are closed by
12. This means that the many people,who
never attend the big dance of the night, are
faced with a problem of no-place-to-go.
Thus, with an hour of time, and no place
to spend it, couples are afforded the stu-
pendous choice of separating an hour early

or braving the inimitable Ann Arbor
weather in order to take advantage of the
late permission.
It is not hard to realize that the present
calling hour rule is outmoded by the late
permission change, for the 12:25 deadline
for male visitors was obviously enacted to'
correspond with the 12:30 curfew. There is
no reason, correspondingly, why there should
not be a 1:25 deadline on 1:30 nights.
This simple rules change will eliminate the
ridiculous discrepancy in the hours set-up
and bring the arrangement up to date.
-Donna Hendleman
AEC Program
IT IS NO MORE POSSIBLE to have bothv
hydrogen bombs and cheap atomic energy
than it was to have both guns and butter if
the pre-atomic era. Last spring the Atomic
Energy Commission gave General Electric
a go-ahead on an experimental atomic pow'
er plant which was to serve as a first model
for atomic-age utilities. Construction of this"
plant, for which a site had been prepare'
near Schenectady has now been postponed.
The brief AEC announcement lists among
reasons for the delay "the demands of the
expanded atomic energy production pro-
gram"-in other words, its stepped-up wea-
pons program. It can only be hoped that the
postponement will be temporary and that,
as the AEC promises, work on the design of
the plant will continue.
-The Nation

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"You See? U. S. Senators Thentselvis Say This"

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Xette/ TO THE EDITOR
The Daily welcomes communications from its readers on matters of
general interest, and will publish all letters which are signed by the writer
and in good taste. Letters exceeding 300 words in length, defamatory or
libelous letters, and letters which for any reason are not in good taste will
be condensed, edited, or withheld from publication at the discretion of the
editors.

ON THE

Washington Merry- -Go Round
WITH DREW PEARSON

INSIDE SPAIN
AN INTENT, wavy-haired figure sat in the
exclusive senator's gallery like the mas-
- ter of a puppet show during the debate on
economic aid to Franco Spain.
He was Charles Patrick Clark, Franco's
American lobbyist, who with elderly and
querulous Senator Pat McCarran, has been
beating the drum for a loan to Spain.
In the end, Marshall Plan aid to Franco
was defeated. And here are some of the ar-
guments, taken from U.S. intelligence files
and known to many senators, which in-
fluenced the vote.
1. Dictator Francisco Franco is hanging
on by the skin of his teeth, largely through
-claims that he will get an American loan.
CURRENT MOVIES
THE YELLOW CABS MAN with Red
Skelton, Edward Arnold, Gloria DeHaven,
and Walter Slezak.
AN OFT-MOUTHED generality concerning
our literary times, and especially having
to do with cinedy, is that this is the age of
the Little Man-an environmentally beleag-
uered dumbell who is incapable of doing any-
thing correctly on his own volition or carry-
ing out the orders of others. Through the
web of the drama he bungles his way; and
the thinking ones, who are, of course, hiss
enemies, gloat over his errors and are just
about to coup the prize when the blunders
of the silly Little Man turn out to have been
exactly the right procedure, and in spite of
himself he is the hero, and the thinkers are
villains vanquished.
The Red Skelton picture, THE YELLOW
CAB MAN, is a case in point. I may have
over-generalized, but at any rate, if not for
all comedy, the above can be applied to this
film.
Red is an accident-prone inventor of safe-
ty devices. His elastic glass is the particular
invention that bounces him dramatically
and actually along for one hour and a halo
harried all the way by unscrupulous shysters
who are after the formula, which he keeps
locked in his brain. A likely place.
As all Skelton fans know, running-
around action (A scene in a homemakers
show) imitations of various stages of hu-

Last summer, 15 top Spanish generals had a
showdown with Franco. All but two pointed-
ly said they could no longer support him.
Franco begged for time to prove the United
States was backing him. In August, Ameri-
can fleet units under Admiral Connolly
steamed into Spanish ports and Franco won
his reprieve. But the latest inside dope i5.
that unless he can wangle a loan this year,
the Spanish military definitely will ditch
him for a return of the King.
FRANCO AND VATICAN
2. Meanwhile, Jose Aguirre, leader of the
militant basque Catholic resistance, has been
conducting a stirring campaign in the Uni-
ted States and Western Europe. He was irl
Washington, as well as New York, and Latin
America, organizing support among Catholic
leaders.
Actually, relations between Franco and
the Vatican are reported far from good.
There is no concordat between Spain and
the Vatican. Franco has, in. fact, offend-
ed the Vatican by insisting that he name
Spanish Bishops.
3. Under the Franco regime, corruptio4l
has reached a new high. The story is told of
cement manufacturers forced to sell thous-
ands of tons of the scarce product at low
cost to the army. The cement was allegedly
for fortifications behind the Pyrenees, but
it was not used for this purpose. Instead,
most was sold on the black market for more
than double the manufacturers' price.
Businessmen are required to pay tribute
to Franco's falange party through "social
security allowances" for workers. Sixty-four
per cent of the funds go for overhead and
"political hierarchy of the syndicate."
4. Thanks to widespread poverty increased
by a devastating drought and Franco's police
crackdown on any democratic movements,
Communists are successfully infiltrating in-
to the falange. A Catalan Communist report
last November bragged, "The work within the
syndicate is giving good results. We must
carry further this advantageous experience
of combining the legal possibilities with the
clandestine fight."
CAPITAL NEWS CAPSULES
INFLUtNCE BEHIND BUDENZ-One al-
most unnoticed key to Louis Budenz' com-
paratively recent accusations against Latti-
more may be the article by Father James F.
Kearney in the Knights of Columbus maga-
zine. Both to the FBI and at his Senate

Debate-
To the Editor:
ONE OF THE basic doctrines of
the democratic ideal is the be-
lief in the free expression of ideas,
grounded in the faith that truth
and right can only flourish in an
atmosphere in which all ideas, no
matter how repugnant, may vie
freely for the control of men's
minds. In banning the speech by
Herbert Phillips the University has
brought this doctrine into ques-
tion and contributed to the shift-
ing of the problem for America
from the question of whether
Communism is right to the even
more vital question of whether the
traditional ideas of democracy are
right. Have changing conditions
nullified these ideas? Or are the
ideas right but we too uncertain
of ourselves to maintain them
when existence seems at stake? Or
still believing in democracy, can
we find the means to prevent the
Isteps taken to preserve it flom
destroying it? To limit free dis-
cussion by Communists gives us
no guarantee that other means of
attacking us will not be used;
while to a considerable degree by
such action democracy destroys it-
self; for as we see restriction of
the right of free discussion for a
few is slowly closing the door to
free discussion for all. Admittedly,
to permit free discussion by Com-
munists is to lay ourselves open
to the risk of injury; but can this
injury compare with the damage
we do ourselves by fearing to take
this risk? And when fear leads us
to refuse even to hear Commun-
ism' discussed have we not gone
far toward abandoning the moral
courage by which alone demo-
cracy can survive in the present
world crisis?
In this situation universities es-
pecially have the obligation of ex-
hibiting such courage and showing
the way to a constructive solution
of our problems. The University of
Michigan is no exception. For pos-
sibly justifiable political reasons
it has banned Phillips' speech. But
it must show that there is some-
thing here for which it is worth
making such compromises. It must
show that it has the courage to
live up to its obligation to pursue
truth freely and impartially, and
to prepare students to play an in-
telligent, effective role in society.
Today, certainly, part of the ful-
fillment of that obligation re-
quires the careful investigation of
the principles and practices of
Communism and the transmission
to the students of the best and
fullest understanding of the sys-
tem and people with whom we
must try to construct a peaceful
world. To play their proper role
in this enterprise the students
must be made familiar with the
philosophical, ethical, political,
and economic doctrines of the
Communists by which they justi-
fy their actions and with which
they appeal to the minds of men.
They must know what the best ob-
jections to these ideas from a
democratic point of view are and
what kind of appeal democracy
can make to people who do not
have centuries of democratic tra-
dition behind them to show them
the values of democracy and the
ways of making it live.

The University can take ad-
vantage of the present situation to
do this and at the same time show
that it has the courage to justify
its existence by instituting a ser-
ies of public lectures on Commun-
ism by some competent person of
recognized a c a d e m i c standing
(perhaps some member of the po-
litical science department.) If
the University c a n n o t under-
take such a project without suffer-
ing from society, then democracy
has already lost its fight and there
is no reason for a university dedi-
cated to the principles of demo-
cracy continuing to exist. By tim-
idity everything is lost; by cour--
age alone victory may be won, or
at least the demise will have a
touch of nobility.
-Norman Kurland
* * *
Tennis Courts,. ..
To the Editor:
SATURDAY morning my room-
' mate and I went down to the
IM tennis courts to play tennis.-
The situation existing was this:
About 10 courts had no nets on
them, and the remaining courts
were full of players. After waiting
a while, we obtained a court. Be-
fore we had finished our first set,
we were confronted with a bevy of
school children, and a varsity
player, who informed us that our
group of courts was now going to
be used for demonstration Ind
practice purposes for the benefit
of the children. We left.
Point 1: Why were about ten of
the courts without nets? Two an-
swers might be presented by the
athletic department. (1) We don't
have money to buy any more nets.
(2) We don't have money to hire
anyone to put them up. But neith-
er of these contentions can be
taken seriously. I note in an ar-
ticle in the 15 April 1950 issue of
THE MICHIGAN ALUMNUS, cu-
riously entitled "Sports Financing
Faces Problems," that for the year
ending 30 June 1949, receipts of
the athletic department exceeded
Disbursements by the paltry sum
of $357,474.78. Ites ipsa loquitur.
What is the real answer to why
the nets weren't up?-INEFFI-
CIENCY!
Point 2: Why were we, paying
college students, kicked off the
courts in favor of non-paying hih
school children? Perhaps there
are two answers to this: (1) The((
athletic department wanted to "do
something nice" for the kids. (2)
The athletic department wanted to
impress the kids. Either reason
may be more or less commenda-
ble; but should it be done at the
expense of paying college stu-
dents? The kid's folks pay taxes,
so let the CITY provide a place to
hold such events. After all, Sat-
urday morning is about the only
time some of us have to play ten-
nis. The up-shot of this last point
is that it is another example of
the athletic department's nottr-
ious policy of making impressions
on outsiders, rather than working
for the benefit of the student body.
What does this all mean? It
means that roommate and I will
have to continue getting our ten-
nis in at 6:30 a.m. Sleepily yous,
-Lewis R. Wiliams, Jr., '51L

(Continued from Page 3)-
Sigma Alpha Iota: May Festi-
val Luncheonr for members and
their guests Fri., May 5. For res-
ervations sign the list on the S.A.I.
bulletin board before Wednesday
noon,
Michigan Arts Chorale. Regular
rehearsal, Rm. BHaven Hall,
Wed.,,.I p.m. Concert May 14.
Square & Folk Dance Club
Meeting: Barbour Gymnasium,
May 3, 7:30-9:45 p.m. Everyone
Welcome.
House Presidents Committee:
Meeting open to all House Presi-
dents or their representatives,
Wed., May 3, 7:30 p.m. See League
bulletin board for room.
S.A.A.C.S. sponsored bus to the
Dow Chemical Company' on Wed.,
May 3. Everyone planning to make
the trip please meet the bus by
the east side of/Hill Auditorium at
8:45 a.m.
Women of the University Fac-
ulty: Tea, 4 to 6 p.m., Wed, May 3,
4th floor clubroom, League.
Ullr Ski Club: Meeting, 7:30 p.m.
Wed., Rm. 3A, Union. Movies of
this year's Aspen trip and election
of officers. All Members expected
to attend.
United World Federalists: Meet-
ting, Wed., May 3, 7:30 p.m.,
Union. Talk over plans for sum-
mer trips abroad to attend inter-
national sessions on world gov-
ernment.
Tea Dance: 3:30-5-30 p.m.,
Wed., May 3, League Ballroom.
Admission free. Both couples and
stags invited.
Michigan Union: A special meet-
ing of the Michigan Union mem-
bership will be held on Wed., May
10, 7:30 p.m. in the Union ball-
room, to take action on ten pro-
posed constitutional amendments
presented by the Board of Direc-
tors.. 400 members are necessary
for a quorum. An affirmative vote
of at least three-quarters of the
members present and voting is
necessary to adopt the proposed
changes. No action shall be taken
on any other matters.
-Robert P. Seeber,
Recording Secretary,
Proposed Constitutional
Amendments
The purpose of this explana-
tory sheet is to show how the pro-
posed amendments 'would effect
the present Constitution if they
are passed. All words in paren-
theses would be deleted. All words
in boldface type would be added.
The general effect of the proposed
changes are presented with each
amendment.
Amendment I
Effect: To redefine and make
more specific the duties of the
Board of Directors.
Article 4, Section 2, lines 1-3
The Board of Directors, (except
as herein otherwise provided, shall
have full power to supervise and
control all the activities of the
Union) shall be the governing
body of the Union, with full pow
er to determine policies and to
[control all the activities of the
Union except as hereinafter pro-
vided.
Amendment II
Effect: To empower the Presi-
dent to appoint special committees
if so directed by the Board of Di-
rectors.
Article 5, Section 4
The President of the Union, ex
officio; its Financial Secretary, ex-
officio; its Recording Secretary,
ex-officio; the General Secretary
of the Alumni Association, ex of-
ficio; and the Senior Faculty

member of the Board of Directors
shall constitute a standing Ap-
pointments Committee, a majority
of which shall have sole power to
appoint all except the - ex officio
members of all Committees (au-
thorized by the Board of Direc-
tors.) of the Board authorized by
this article of the Constitution.
Special committees may be ap-
pointed by the Appointments Com-
mittee or by the President as di-
rected by the Board of Directors.

control and direction of the Fi-
nance Committee where financial
matters are concerned, (all finan-
cia) the affairs of the Union,
shall be the treasurer of all its
committees, shall be its purchas-
ing agent, and shall have power
to select, discharge and fix the
compensation and duties of all
paid employees. of the Union.
Article 5, Section 1, Paragraph 2
The Finance Committee shall be
directly responsible to the Board
of Directors to the Board of Re-
gents of the University and shall
have full control over all finan-
cial matters relating to the Union;
including power to borrow money
from time to time and authorize
a conveyance of any or all the
property of the Union to the Board
of Regents of the University, sub-
ject to any specified liens and on
such stipulations and conditions
as the committee may prescribe;
power to appoint and discharge
(and direct) a General Manager
and to fix his compensation.
Amendment V
Article 10, Section 1, add
paragraphs:
Only past or present members
of the Union Executive Council
are eligible for, the offices of Pres-
ident and Recording Secretary of
the Union.
Amendment VI
Article 12:
(Four hundred Union members
entitled to vote) Members num-
bering five per cent of the student
membership shall constitute . a
quorum of the Union: ten mem-
bers of the Board of Directors, a
quorum of such Board, and the
majority of the members of any
Committee of the Board, a quorum
of such committee.
Amendment VII
Article II, Paragraph 1
A special meeting of the mem-
bers of the Union shall be called
by the Recording Secretary upon
written request of a majority of
the members of the Board of Di-
rectors, or of (at least two hun-
dred members) members number-
ing at least five per cent of the
student membership of the Union,
stating with reasonable particu-
larity the matter or matters to
be considered.
Amendment VIII
Effect: 1) to remove the Chair-
man of the Men's Judiciary Coun-
cil and to.substitute an additional
vice president, 2) to change the
method of electing vice presidents
so that they will be more repre-
sentative of the student members,
3) previous duties of the Chair-
man of the Men's Judiciary Coun-
cil are assigned to the Elections
Committee of the Student Legis-
lature and the Nominating Com-
mittee of the Board of Directors.
Article 4, Section 1,
Paragaphs 2 and 3
The Board of Directors shall
consist of: (Six) Seven Vice-Pres-
idents of the Union, to be student
members, to be (selected) elected
(by schools and colleges on vote
of the students herein, respective-
ly,) at such annual election as
hereinafter provided.
(Continued on Page 5)
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DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN

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Fifty-Ninth Year
Edited and managed by students of
the University of Michigan under the
authority of the Board in Control of
Student Publications.
Editorial Staff
Leon Jaroff......... Managing Editor
Al Blumrosen ............ City Editor.
Philip Dawsor .... Editorial Director
Don McNeil........... Feature Editor
Mary Stein ... .... Associate Editor
Jo Misner.... . Associate Editor
GeorgesWalker ...... Associate Editor
Wally Barth ...... Photography Editor
Pres Holmes........Sports Co-Editor
Merle Levin ........ Sports Co-Editor
Roger Goelz.. Associate Sports Editor
Lee Kaltenbach....Women's Editor
Barbara Smith.. Associate Women's Ed.
Business Staff
Roger Wellington .. Business Manager
Dee Nelson Associate Business Manager
Jim Dangl....... Advertising Manager
Bernie A .dinoff......Finance Manager
Bob Daniels .... Circuiaion Manager
Telephone 23-24-1
Member of The Associated Press
ThedAssociated Press is exclusively
entitled to the' use for republication
of all news dispatches credited to it or
otherwise credited to this newspaper.
All rights of republication of all other
matters herein are also reserved.
Entered at the Post Office at Ann
Arbor,.Michigan, as second-class mail
matter.
Subscription during regular school
year by carrier, $5.00, by mail, $8.00.

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Amendment III
Effect: Roberts
shall be followed
formal meetings.
Insert a new.
Roberts Rules+
be observed in all

Rules of Order
for conducting,
Article 14:
of Order shall
meetings of the

Board of Directors and all other
formal meetings of the Union.
Amendment IV
Effect: To make the General
Manager responsible to the Board
of Directors for matters other
than finance.
Ai'ticle 7 lines 1-7
Subject in all respects to the


BARNABY
So t asyou fly

dying this planeat

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I have to be there to oppose a1

And your hedge-hopping

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SWhere IS that plane? If

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