_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _T H E M I C GA N 1 f __ _ _ _ _ _
RIGA N DAM
WK:
The N
ONE OF the most glaring discrepancies of
our time is the diametrically opposed
attitudes toward the United Nations express-
ed on the one hand in the American press
and on the other hand by governmental of-
ficials working with the UN.
Pick up a copy of any newspaper from
Maine to California, or glance through any
national magazine, and you're sure to be
Impressed by several disheartening "facts:"
The United Nations never agrees on any-
thing because whatever we propose Russia
will be sure to veto, therefore the United Na-
tions is a failure, war is inevitable and for-
seeable in the near future, and the only
thing we can do is to arm to the hilt to de-
fend ourselves from an attack from Russia
who is also arming to the hilt.
But two active United Nations workers
who recently spoke on this campus-Dr. .
Ralph Bunche, head of the UN's trustee-
ship Council, and Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt,
Chairman of the UN Committee on Hu-
man Relations-both presented a vastly
different picture of the UN's work, accom-
plishments, and chances for future success.
Although fully aware of all the short-
comings of the UN, both these speakers
pointed to the often-neglected positive ac-
complishments of the UN, and to its chances
for increasing-rather than diminishing--
accomplishments.
Mrs. Roosevelt pointed particularly to the
specialized organizations of the UN which,
she said, are "doing things never before at-
tempted on a global scale."
"There are many difficulties which arise
when you try to do things on an interna-
tional scale, such as the language, cultural
and legal differences, but we are gradually
reaching the stage of mutual understand-
ing," she said.
Mrs. Roosevelt emphasized-and the
American press would do well to take no-
tice of her words-that the United Nations
is not an organization which can by itself
bring peace and understanding, rather
it provides the machinery for internation-
al co-operation.
We should not, she said, expect the Se-
curity Council to be able to solve all politi-
cal problems. But it is valuable in its failures
as well as in its achievements, "because at
Ct & Ficton
least it brings us together. If we get angry,
it is better to have the anger in the open."
And that, although not the best of situ-
ations, does provide a base from which we
can get together.
Dr. Bunche, talking to the Ann Arbor
audience on the more specific topic of the
UN's intervention in Palestine, pointed out
that the UN's success in Palestine was but
one part of a "pattern of UN intervention
in every trouble spot in the world."
"There is no difference of any kind be-
tween states or people in the world today
which cannot be settled by peaceful
means," he said.
And there are, of course, several important
points which are implicit in Dr. Bunche's
statement of faith in the ability of the Uni-
ted Nations to maintain peace.
First, it cannot be an overnight accom-
plishment; rather it is something which
must be worked for slowly and patiently,
with progress coming gradually as the foun-
dation underlying the progress gets broader.
Secondly, the members of the UN must
support that body, not only by sending dele-
gates who will discuss and vote at meetings,
but also by support from the citizens of the
member nations.
In covering the UN, the press headlines
every US-Russian disagreement, but hardly
gives comparable headline space to thl0
areas of agr'eement.
Reports on the US-Russian disputes
about the recognition of Communist China
are visable. in bold, black print, but the
Russian support of the U.S. request for a
trusteeship of the former mandated Jap-.
anese islands in the Pacific barely rated
press notice. True, clashes better news
copy than agreements, but by pursuing
this policy in its United Nations reporting,
the press is doing the American people a
great disservice.
Words are powerful things; they mold
attitudes, actions, and events. Thus news-
papers have a vital responsibility to their
readers, for the words they print shape
public opinion, and ultimately, publie policy.
Dealing with as important an agency as the
United Nations, it becomes imperative that
the newspapers take more careful notice of
the positive side of the ledger.
-Roma Lipsky
THOMAS L. STOKES:
An Approach to Russia'
WASHINGTON-In his George Washing-
ton Birthday address President Truman
said the United States would "continue to
examine every avenue, every possibility of
reaching real agreement" on international
control of atomic energy.
While reiterating his support of the
Baruch plan, overwhelmingly approved by
the United Nations General Assembly, he
opened the door to a re-examination of the
problem, saying we do not "stand on pride
of authorship." He seemed to invite over-
tures from Soviet Russia by explaining
that "the actions of men in other countries
will help to shape the ultimate decision."
Everything must be done within the UN,
he stressed.
One objection of Russia to the Baruch
plan is its provisions for inspection which
Editorials published in The Michigan Daily
are written by members of The Daily staff
and represent the views of the writers only.
NIGHT EDITOR: DOLORES LASCHEVER
Diversity in
Education
AMERICAN SCHOOLS and colleges, says
President James B. Conant of Harvard,
should not be used to forge a "unifying
philosophy." In the realm of education, he
told a Barnard College audience the other
day, there is a case to be made for the theory
of a nation divided.
Diversity of opinion, he said, is the "first
premise of our whole educational struc-
ture." It should be encouraged, he added,
within the "broad framework of loyalty
to American democracy and belief in our
progressive idealism."
There are sincere citizens, as Dr. Conant
and other educators know from experience
who take a contrary view. Some of them are
on the governing boards of colleges and uni-
versities, men who decry the teachings of
certain professors and demand their removal.
Some are politicians, like the members of the
House Un-American Activities Committee
who decided last year that they wanted
full lists of textbooks from some of our
leading educational institutions.
The people who would -try to mold edu-
cation to one way of thinking, Dr. Conant
said, are now few in number, but they
"might possibly become more powreful and
more vocal."
For such people the Harvard 'president
offered this advice:
I suggest that they take another look
at what is going on on the other side of
the Iron Curtain and see whether their
efforts toward uniformity in the United
States are.in fact. wel,~lI Aivget*d_ T wuld
could be made freely and fully at any time.
But there is another Russian objection to
international control as it would be set up.
That relates to development of Russia's
internal economy to which no general pub-
licity has been given by our officials and
which it seems worthwhile to explore, for
it is a fundamental issue, too. More under-
standable, and might offer an opening.
* * *
AS COMPARED with us, particularly, and
with Western Europe also, Russia has a
"gap" in her development. While we were
moving ahead rapidly with our industrial
development through electric power, Russia
was, in effect, standing almost still for many
years. An early objective of the creators of
the Russian revolution, notablyNicolai
Lenin, was to close this "gap" and transform
Russia into a highly industrialized nation.
She has made great strides, utilizing electric
power, though still far behind.
Along came atomic power. She sees in
this a veritable "miracle" by which she can
move swiftly toward her goal, perhaps ex-
aggerating its possibilities. It will be a
state development that will redound to the
glory of the Communist state and thus
becomes also what we call a "domestic
political issue."
She resists international control, it is
explained, because she is fearful that such
will impede or restrict this national develop-
ment. Out of her suspicious nature she
charges, at least publicly in her propaganda,
as in an article in Izvestia recently reported
in the New York Times from Moscow, that
this is the aim of "capitalist" nations that
outnumber her and outvote her in the United
Nations.
* * *
WE, TOO, have state control of atomic
. energy development under a policy pre-
scribed by Congress, despite our "capitalism"
and "private enterprise." For the first time
in our history we adopted public control be-
cause of the nature !of this new energy and
its application to military as well as peace-
time purposes. We had failed to do that for
other forms of energy, notably electricity,
but in that field, too, we have applied strict
development of electric power. There are
those who wanted private control of atomic
energy, .especially the private power indus-
try, and still do, but we have fixed our na-
tional policy.
This gives Russia a kinship with is in
this field, and she has it also with Great
Britain. There is a common policy for
broad-scale development of atomic energy
for the benefit of the people of our coun-
try, England and Russia.
This would seem to offer an approach in
this particular sphere of differences over
international control. It is suggested that
the bridge for this gap might be found in
such an emissary, for example, as David
Lilienthal. He not only was the directing
head for so long of the greatest publiq
power development in the world, TVA, but
BgBusiness
And Educat*o
(EDTORS' NOTE We believethat the follow-
lng article is a thoughtful contribution to a
current issue, and that it brings to light some
important issues in the recent controversy;
therefore, we feel justified in publishing it in
spite of the fact that the writer is not a staff
member of The Daily.)'
A LETTER TO THE editor which appeared
Saturday in The Daily has more disturb-
ing implications than anything I have read
in a long while. I refer to Jim Mclhenny's
letter in which he denounces that small
coterie of "smart, enlightened collegiates"
for monopolizing campus politics in order
to press their radical will on the vast ma-
jority of politically inert students.
He accuses this minority of "pinks"
(meaning, apparently, anyone to the left
of Senator Bricker) of jeopardizing the
chances of the entire Michigan student
body to earn big money, enjoy a "high
standard of living" in the service of big
business.
And why? Because big business does not
like "pinks" and therefore will not want to
hire students trained at institutions like
Michigan, which must be subversive centers
because a few students belong to the Young
Democrats, Young Progressives, Committee
to End Discrimination and American Veter-
ans Committee.
IT SEEMS preposterous that Mr. McIlhenny
really believes that Michigan students
are being robbed in advance of their free
opportunity to make big money. But he is
dead serious, and alarmed. Such an outburst
is symptomatic far more than he realizes
and compels reply.
At a time when not only America
but all mankind is blundering swiftly to-
ward mass extermination in super-weap-
oned war, when the democratic way is
threatened from totalitarian challenges
without and contradictions and denials
within, all Mr. McIlhenny is worried over
is whether his chances to make money are
being adversely affected by the few groups
of students who are concerned about more
than their future wealth, their television
sets and swank cars.
Does he really believe that the only func-
tion of the University is to fit young people
to serve the interests of big business and
get rich themselves before the whole mur-
derous, selfish game goes up in a swirl of
final annihilation? Does the University
exist solely to train competence in the ac-
quisitive habit and to refine the rampant
materialism of this industrial world? Is
this the purpose and the goal of America,
of civilization? Or does a full life and edu-
cation consist in more?
To me, it does. An adequate education
consists in the nourishment of those senti-
ments of good will and generosity which
make men more than beasts; the cultiva-
tion of the ability to appreciate beauty
and to share it; the increase in awareness
of our common humanity and the expan-
sion of the spirit; the awakening of crea-
tive talents; and above all, the inherent
capacity in all of us to enrich the lives
of others through service and sharing. In-
deed, I trust that American students cher-
ish their belief in freedom of opportunity
for more than the niggardly and empty
aim of a high standard of living and lush
physical comfort!
What an indictment of Michigan, that it
has aroused in Mr. McIlhenny no higher
dream than this; that it has fixed in him
the fear that other students who care to
tackle problems of injustice, failures of de-
mocracy, and the deadly threat of war, are
duping him and the rest of the student
body who know better than to think, ques-
tion, or act, except as may seem pleasing
in the eyes of their future Lord, Big Busi-
ness. It is this craven call to obscurantism
and intellectual cowardice that has so upset
me and made me fearful of what education
must be doing to American young people.
* * *
LET US GRANT that the members of the
organizations singled out by Mr. McIl-
henny as dangerous to our moneyed futures,
often act rashly, ineptly, commit errors of
fact, and, in sum, harm the very causes they
desire to serve. Let's also grant that they
often alienate other students and perhaps
some business men, and make their activi-
ties seem injurious to future respectability
(for which please read "freedom to make
money"). This is part of the tragedy of lib-
eralism, part of its general failure of com-,
munication.
But occasional crudity of means must
not obscure the rightness of their ends.
I submit that such political activities are
indispensable adjuncts to an adequate ed-
ucation for this blighted era, that all the
facilities of Michigan, curricular and extra,
should be devoted to training persons with
not only technical competence but far
more; that largeness of spirit and senti-
ment of humanity which the problems of
our desperate world cry out for. How
shabby to accuse those whom Mr. McIl-
henny calls "rabble rousers" of seeking
only their own gain (his set of values,
note) when they seek to work at human
problems through campus political activ-
ities as well as through the classroom. The
very errors of such groups may enable
their members as older citizens to avoid
the ghastly errors of statesmanship in the
These Confused Times
To the Editor:
ALTHOUGH THE attention of
most of your writing readers
is engaged by serious events, mine
is drawn by signs of our confused
times:
The Daily kindly traced the dis-
position of our railroad tickets,
and discovered not one but three
terminating their travels in the
Alumni Office-one nonstop, two
after a year or two stopover in
other departments. Piggy, piggy
Alumni Office! Its members
might compare their attitude with
that of the Men's Physical Edu-
cation Department. There muscle
mighty but simple folk apparently
have been receiving cards from
breathless messengers at 7:59 a.m.
of the first day each semester, and
by 8:00 a.m. have disposed of the
burden. Or does the Alumni Of-
fice wish to try for four?
In the February 16 Daily, your
= tryout boss cheerily stated:
"Editorials are accepted oxg re-
jected on the basis of writing
alone-not ideas."
I trust he has been misquoted.
Or perhaps he was thinking of the
editorial of the same day, titled
"Bergman Baby." That one satis-
fies his last qualification at least.
Last Friday our eighteenth cen-
tury friend was discoursing learn-
edly of the atomic theory of Epi-
curus (who, in my notes, advanced
the notion that all matter is com-
posed of atoms, united by chance,
whirling madly in uncontrollable
but sometimes regular patterns)
when workmen began unloading
materials for the improvement of
Angell Hall lecture rooms outside
his door. He kept his atoms whirl-
ing for several moments, but
the racket persisted. At length,
in moderate eighteenth century
dudgeon, he investigated, then re-
turned to the class, remarking in
disturbed tones: "What is a uni-
versity for?" And he resumed his
lecture:
"As I was saying, atoms can't
be controlled. And some of them
make a lotof noise. Andtnoone
form of activity is any beter than
any other-according to Epicurus,
and the gentlemen in the hall."
But blessings on us all: we have
survivederegistrtion again; now
let us concentrate on what courses
to drop during the next week.
-Stanley G. Harris
* * *
Bergman Baby ..
To the Editor:
FOLLOWING the editorial in The
Daily on the Bergman Baby, I
might point out that I like kids
too. I like them even if their
father happens to be "unknown."
I think however that the reaction
to the Bergman affair as suggest-
ed in The Daily is particularly un-
wise. I do not think we should just
accept the facts and then forget
about it. As a fait accompli, there
is of course nothing we can do
about it; boycotting Miss Berg-
man's films is a rather silly thing
however and it is unfair if not
ungenerous and ineffective anyway
to consume our energy in casting
The Bent Twigs
/ette' TO THE EDITOR
The Daily welcomes communications from its readers on matters of
general interest, and will publish all letters which are signed by the writer
and in good taste. Letters exceeding 300 words in length, defamatory or
libelous letters, and letters which for any reason areanot in good taste will
be condensed, edited, or withheld from publication at the discretion of the
editors.
recriminations on her or Rossel-
lini. But I don't think we should
just forget about it.
I remember Ingrid Bergman's
visit to the GI's in Nurnberg in
1945. It was the fourth of July,
but had it not been for her, what
turned out to be an especially nice
lay, would have been a rather drab
day. She was just like the girl
back home we had been dreaming
of, and her fresh, pure manner-
isms won us all. Now I wonder
just how much she was like the
girl back home in other ways. (I
might equally include the fellows
at this point.) It is very discour-
aging when such illusions are de-
stroyed. Nevertheless I think we
have to admit that our moral codes
have taken a rather severe beating
in the past few years. Perhaps the
skeptics might point out that mor-
al codes have been flaunted from
time immemorial, but it surely
seems that one price of our so-
phisticated, modern culture has
been an accentuation' of this ten-
dency.
I think that moral codes are im-
portant. For anyone who is con-
cerned with his future well-being
and happiness, I believe a moral
code is necessary. It must also be
recognized that if we accept the
idea of a moral code, we must re-
cognize the need of a means of
keeping to it. Perhaps what we
need is a revision of our codes;
but what we need in addition is a
courage to keep to what we pro-
fess. I don't think that accepting
the fact as done and irrevocable
and then forgetting about it is
meeting the situation. I believe it
is running away to do so. I sug-
gest we face the unpleasait light
which the Bergman affair throws
ipon our whole society, that we
use the incident as a cause for
introspection, that we let the chips
fall where they may, but that we
let it teach us something. Lets not
just forget about it.
-Carter Zeleznik
* * *
West Quad Food .. .
To the Editor:
ON FEB. 22 a letter written by
Nistor Potcova revealing the
deplorable food situation at the
West Quad was printed in The
Daily. Two days later a letter,
written by Hugh C. Brown, appear-
ed attempting to refute Mr. Pot-
cova's testimony. Just who is this
Hugh C. Brown? Has he ever eat-
en at the West Quad?
Mr. Brown states that " a sur-
vey of diners by the West Quad
Council revealed that the vast
majority of Quad residents were
completely satisfied with the qual-
ity and preparation of the food."
This is an outright falsification.
The results of renowned food sur-
vey were published not so long ago
and I should like to quote a few
excerpts for Mr. Brown's benefit.
"Numerous complaints" were
lodged against toast, boiled eggs
and fried eggs. Our renowned cof-
fee is "not considered excellent."
And the best that can be said for
sandwiches, noodles, potato soup,
veal, lamb, apricots, and prunes is
that they are "acceptable." These
comments seem to be at odds with
Mr. Brown's statement that we
West Quadders are "completely
satisfied" with our lot. Perhaps
Mr..Brown's "satisfaction" has its
origin -in the food survey's sum-
mation; namely "that the average
meal is at least considered average
by the residents."
I strongly suspect that Mr.
Brown's letter was motivated by
other than a desire to explain the
food situation here. Perhaps he
has applied for a Quad staff posi-
tion and is attempting to curry
favor with the Quad administra-
tors. I can think of no other rea-
son for his attempt to apologize
for a sorry situation.
-Robert Kohr
* . * *
To the Editor:
WHO IS THIS Hugh C. Brown
who likes the food in the
West Quad?
The only person I know of who
is "completely satisfied" with the
food situation in the Quad is the
gentleman who runs the lunch
counter across the street.
-George T. Rodman
* * *
To the Editor:
HUGH BROWN'S criticisms of
Mr. Potcova's letter concerning
the resident hall situation are
clearly unfounded. It is easy to
offer opinions not within reach for
action. These columns are many
times filled with such abstract,
complicated, and foreign situations
that they can easily be challenged
without drawing any attention to
one or the other party's ignorance
on the subject involved. But Mr.
Brown is defending an institution
which has been causing much dis-
content to a large part of the stu-
dent body. No matter what Mr.
Brown may say and how plausible
It may appear to some, the actual
conditions that exist will prevail
over the minds of those involved.
True, it is a difficult job to
shelter and feed so many people
at the low prices charged by the
residence halls-but is the best
effort possible being made by those
in charge? Is it best to satisfy
many people by forcing upon all
of them the same standard of liv-
ing? Is any effort made to inquire
what the students desire with the
objective to take action on these
requests? Will the same mistakes
that were made in designing the
new women's dorm be made in
the new mes's dorm? Must Uni-
versity of Michigan students liv-
ing in residence halls be denied
the simple request of being fed
edible food?
Mr. Potcova expressed a com-
mon feeling existing among a
large part of the student body.
Mr. Brown is a disgrace to this
University by attempting to hu-
miliate Mr. Potcova.
-George R. Kozan
* * *
To the Editor:
JUST WHO IS THIS Hugh C.
Brown? ,Ie has thoroughly ma-
ligned an outspoken advocate for
better conditions in the Quad, and
it is my intention to uphold Nistor
Potcova, who is obviously a sincere
and alert speciman of this campus.
One of the main issues at stake
is whether the letter by Mr. Brown.
is meant as satire or not. If it is
satire, then it is one of the more
flagrant abuses of that true art
form than anything witnessed on
this campus in the past. However,
after careful perusal of this docu-
ment, it is apparent that Mr.
Brown is quite serious, and that he
does niothave the proper approach
to this business of education and
the opportunities for criticism
which must be available under
such a system. It is at once ob-
vious that Mr. Brown's letter was
written by a person other than
one in: the College of Literature,
Science, and the Arts. It is de-
plorable that in these times, when
educators are attempting to make
each student think for himself,
and to criticize what he feels is
wrong, that Mr. Brown should be
so taken in by reactionary dogma
and allow himself to be labeled as
a student "without the correct in-
tellectual approach" to funda-
mental issues.
It isinteresting to note, in con-
nection with Mr. Brown's views,
the appoaching spring elections
for Student Legislature. What with
Mr. 3rown so typifying the ideals
of the average SL membere, it is at
once apparent that his defense of
the Quad food situation is a sub-
terfuge disguising his desire for
publicity.
It is also quite sufficient to say,
Mr. Brown, that persons with any
olfactory perception whatsoever
are quite capable of making sane
observations on the condition of
the food in the above-mentioned
institution.
-Jim Garrett
Chassez les Prejuges.. .
To the Editor:
PSEUDO-INDIVIDUALISTS and
radical reformers are again on
the march to eradicate the most
realistic appendages of college life,
fraternities and sororities. The
naked acquisition of knowledge is
not enough; it must be clothed
with the social graces and the
know-how of communal living.
Only the most bigoted, bitter with
disappointment and frustration,
can refuse to see the civilizing in-
fluence of fraternal organizations
on the campus.
All life is a selective process;
"The race is to the swift and the
battle to the strong." Who can
real the works of Malthus, Spen-
cer, Darwin, and Alexander Ham-
ilton, observirig the manifest suc-
cess of the free enterprise system,
and deny this self-evident truth?
The world without these col-
lege gates is a cruel one, to which
many are called but few are cho-
sen. Is it not better that college
students learn early that member-
ship in discriminate groups is a
potent factor in future success and
that such membership does not
depend upon any inalienable right?
The price of protection now is dis-
illusionment later. Only the witch-
hunters of discrimination who see
prejudice and bias at the base of
every voluntary social institution
can suggest that the mere paper
abolition of sororities and frater-
nities would prevent groups of like-
minded and endowed persons from
associating together.
Mankind is divided into two
classes: those with ability and
those who desire absolute equality.
The former are unafraid of natur-
al selection while the latter, fear-
ful of being passed over, clamor
for fictitious equality. Remember
that in Russia there are no fra-
ternities!
It is high time that courageous
citizens, undaunted by the fear
that they will be labeled reaction-
ary or prejudiced, rise up to de-
fend a system which has enriched
young lives, ennobled our uni-
versities, and made America the
hope of the world. As Frederick
the Great wrote to Voltaire:
"Chassez les prejuges par la
Porte; ils rentreront par la fene-
tre."
-Charles W. Elicker 11,
Frederick H. Daugherty II,
Richard P. Bray, Jr.
Hamilton's Finance.
To the Editor:
HATE TO BE the one to punc-
ture people's idols, but truth is
always preferable to idolatry. So
for the edification and enlighten-
ment of Jasper B. Reid, Jr., I
would like to point out that Alex-
ander Hamilton was an early be-
liever in deficit finance. Hamilton
even went so far as to say that
in the proper circumstances a
large national debt could be a
national blessing.This does not
mean a deficit at all times, but it
does mean that the choice between
a deficit and no deficit is not al-
ways obvious.
In any case, I am certain that
this belief would have disquali-
fled Hamilton from the distinction
of being a Republican. I would
suggest, Mr. Reid, if you want an
intelligent discussion of Hamilton's
views on public finance, that you
read Alvin Hanson, Fiscal Policy
and Business Cycles, pp. 162-168.
Yours for bigger and better idols.
Jacob C. Hurwitz
,A
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Fifty-Ninth Year
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4
BARNABY
You didn't have to hit the radio so hard,
Pmub is bump spelljd backwards, little
h14 Has your mother a large economy-size