ONLY CHOICE See Page 4 La test Deadline in the State *at i PARTLY CLOUDY VOL. LIX, No. 141 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, APRIL 23, 1949 PRICE FIVE CENTS - (P Truman Asks, Approval of Medical Plan Would Lay Taxes On AllPayrolls WASHINGTON-4A)l -President Truman asked Congress yesterday to help end "unnecessary human suffering" by approving a com- pulsory medical insurance plan which, officials said, might cost $6,000,000,000 a year. WORKERS PAY checks and employers payrolls would be taxed to finance the program. Declaring that "good health is the foundation of a nation's strength," President Truman appealed anew for adoption of the broad 10-year health pro- gram he previously had outlined to the lawmakers. This calls for a vast expansion of the country's medical services and hospital .facilities, plus in- creased numbers of doctors, dent- ists and nurses. BUT THE PRESIDENT laid major stress on the Compulsory Health Insurance Program in his 3,000-word message to Congress. President Truman, however, pointed to the recent spread of voluntary medical insurance plans as "proof that our people understand the advantages of health insurance and desire its extension." "Unfortupately," he, added, "voluntary plans have proved in- adequate to meet the need." He said that while some 50,000,000 Americans now have "some form of health insurance" only "three and one-half million of our peo- ple have insurance which provides anything approaching adequate health protection." BRUSHING ASIDE opponents' charges that the Federal Insur- ance project would be too costly, President Truman said "the truth is that we will save a great deal more than it costs." "The real cost of our present inadequate medical care," the President said, "is not measured merely by doctors' bills and hos- pital bills. The real cost to so- ciety is in unnecessary human suffering and the yearly loss of hundreds of millions of produc- tive working days." "It is plain common sense," he said, "that we should not permit these needless costs to continue when we have it within our power to reduce them with a practical health program." Big 3 Offers Compromise To Germans WASHINGTON - (P)-An ace American trouble-shooter, Robert D. Murphy, rushed overseas last night to sell a "compromise" plan of limited self - government to balking Germans and thus pre- vent Russia from winning a big round in the cold war. THE COMPROMISE was offer- ed by the big three-the United States, Britain and France-after the powerful German Socialist Party turned thumbs down on a big three offer for a federal Ger- man state with limited powers. -i nthe compromise, made pub- lic tonight, the three powers gave in slightly to the Socialists' demand for more centralized control of the finances of the proposed West German regime. Secretary of State Acheson picked Murphy, his top expert on German affairs, to puf the com- promise across. Murphy is Amer- ican Political Adviser for the oc- cupation. * * * THE URGENT reason for the _. . 4;r T I2 t 4. ±1n Atlantic Pact Obligates U.S. To Fight ---Morse By AL BLUMROSEN "America will be obligated to go to war if Atlantic pact," Senator Wayne Morse, (Rep., Ore.) He defended the pact as "America's only hope she signs the said last night. for peace." SPEAKING to an attentive group of three hundred law school students and faculty at the Lawyers Club founders banquet, Sen. Morse also attacked the Administration's proposed labor law in regard to the use of emergency injunctions. "Let's not kid the American people about our moral re- sponsibilities under the Atlantic Pact," Sen. Morse said. He placed the blame for the present state of world peace largely on the Soviet Union, but said that the United States also had its share of responsibility. -Daily-Don Howe SEN. WAYNE MORSE * *' * "WE CAN'T take chances w4h America's security," Sen. Morse declared; saying that he hoped Russia would come back and ne- gotiate through the United Na- tions when she saw the strength in the Atlantic Pact. Sen. Morse is a member of the Senate Armed Services Commit- tee. Speaking on "Constitutional; Questions Before the Senate," Sen. Morse condemned the stand of the Attorney-General that the president has inherent powers to issue an injunction in a labor dispute that becomes a national emergency. ADMINISTRATION leaders point out that injunctions are not' mentioned in the bill, but the Jus- tice Department Attorney General has come out with this claim for inherent presidential powers. "This is working both sides of the street," he said. The Senator said he was help- ing draft new emergency labor legislation which would let the President issue a proclamation and set up an emergency board with power to render a decision in 30 days. If in that sixty days, either par- ty defies the board, the president would place the matter before Congress and let them take ac- tion, he noted. The Senator said that Sena- tor Robert A. Taft and Sen. Ives were in agreement with him but wanted President to have injunc- tion power. Morse Sees Fight for School Aid Federal aid to education will face a tough battle in Congress, Senator Wayne Morse, (Rep., Ore- gon) said in an interview yester- day. The Senator was "hopeful that some sort of aid bill would be passed," but said that strong op- position would come from "those who do not understand the need for federal aid." THE PRESENT Congress shows a poor record on a large number of issues before it, Sen. Morse said. "Nothing could be as bad as the previous Congress," he add- ed, but predicted that no action would be taken on civil rights leg- islation, income tax revision or national health legislation.. "A lot of the legislation pass- ed will be watered down," he added. Sen. Morse anticipated that most of the 1950 political cam- paign would be fought on the question of "Who was responsible for the failure of the present Congress." * * * HE PLACED MOST of the re- sponsibility on the men who made up the Republican - Southern Democrat coalition which broke the recent Senate filibuster. Sen. Morse called the coali- tion one of the "greatest mis- takes that the Republican par- ty could have made." The GOP is "only kidding the American people" when it says an effec- tive anti-filibuster rule has been adopted, he added. "Actually, the rule strengthens the power of a minority to block the will of the majority." (The recently adopted rule calls for a vote of 64 Senators to cut off de- bate.) Calling the rule a "backward step," Sen. Morse pointed out that the coalition could not even mus- ter 64 votes to get it passed. "The rule was passed by 63 votes." The Senator accused both Republicans and Democrats of using the income tax issue for political vote getting purposes. UN Probe In Bulgaria Voted Down Issue Postponed Until Next Fall LAKE SUCCESS - (P) - The United Nations voted last night against any UN inquiry now into the trials of Josef Cardinal Minds- zenty and 15 Bulgarian Protestant churchmen but decided to keep the issue alive until next fall. THE UN ,approved instead an American-supported plan to in- voke peace treaty guarantees of human rights and freedoms in those Soviet satellite countries. A Cuban-Australian plan for an 11-nation commission to in- vestigate charges of violations of human rights growing out of the trials was defeated, 30 to 4, in the 58-nation special political committee of the UN Assembly. Only Australia, Cuba, Lebanon and New Zealand voted for the commission. The winning resolution-offered by Bolivia and backed by the United States, France and Britain -urged Hungary and Bulgaria to cooperate toward settling the is- sue under the peace treaties. THE VOTE for this was 34 to 6 (the six were the Russian bloc). The special committee also rec- ommended that the issue stay on the UN books until the regular as- sembly meeting next September t see what had been done. A Chilean proposal to censure Hungary and Bulgaria at this stage was withdrawn in the face of certain defeat. The Bolivian resolution now goes to the full assembly, where its final approval is expected over strong Slav objections., * * * . THE UNITED STATES spear- headed opposition to the Cuban- Australian proposal for a commis- sion to go to Europe and investi- gate accusations of violations of human rights in Hungary and Bulgaria. These charges grew out of the trials of the Hungarian primate and the Bulgarian religious fig- ures. World News Round-Up DETROIT-Kaiser-Frazer Corp. closed its huge Willow Run plant for an indefinite period. A company spokesman said 7,000 production and salary workers were being laid off until further notice because of the strike at the Bendix Aviation Corp. plant in South Bend, Ind. The Willow Run factory will re- main closed until K-F can obtain a supply of brake equipment, the corporation announced. PARIS - Foreign Minister Robert Schuman indicated a four-power conference on Ger- many may be held soon. * * * DARTMOUTH, Eng. - An en- raged crowd drove Britain's No. 1 Communist, Harry Pollitt, to cover in a house here after breaking up a political meeting where he dis- cussed the shelling of four British warships by Chinese Reds. * * * DETROIT-Thomas Thomp- son, president of Ford Local 600, UAW-CIO, said partial returns from a local election indicate "overwhelming approval" of a strike at the Ford Motor Co. ANNAPOLIS, Md.-The Mary- land legislature made it a prison offense to belong to a subversive organization. WASHINGTON-The Daugh- ters onf thepAmeric~an Re'volution High School Visitors Go on 'U1' DayTour Michigan, Ohio Pupils Get View of Campus By GEORGE WALKER More than 1,100 high schoolers swarmed about the campus yester- day, inspected classrooms, wan- dered wide-eyed through dorms, and went back to their homes with a seven hour impression of life on the Michigan campus. They were guests of the Univer- sity's Seventh Annual University Day, and they came from high schools all over Michigan and northern Ohio to breathe briefly the college atmosphere. All the wonders of New York, the most sight-seeable city in the world, couldn't have drawn more exclamations of awe than did the minor marvels of the Michigan campus. * * .* GUIDES, volunteers trained by the Union which sponsored the af- fair, were harassed with all sorts of questions-reported all kinds of remarks. One potential coed-some- where in the vicinity of the En- gine Arch "narrows"-blushed her first observation of the Uni- versity's campus. It was a sneer- ing "Gee! Look at the pretty flowers along the sidewalk." In front of the General Library, one group listened intently as their guide explained that the library contains "a main reading room, basement study hall, first floor reading room, grad reading rooms-" * * * "BUT," PROTESTED someone, "where do they keep the books"?+ One guide, explaining the vi- cissitudes of fraternity life, was greeted with almost complete ignorance. "When you pick a fraternity, is the mortgage on the house the most important thing to find out about"? * * * IN THE afternoon, the visitors inspected the Engineering Open House and saw movies of the Rose Bowl game. Most of them, guides reported, left with a favorable impression of the University, gripes being few and far between. One-from a forward looking senior: "Where are all the wom- en"? Engineering Open House Called Biggest in History By PETER HOTTON Strange noises emerged from the College of Engineering and vi- cinity as the "biggest Engineering Open House in history" attracted more than 10,000 high school and college students, townspeople and grade school children. Though heavy morning rains put a damper on the outside pro- ceedings, the sun came out after noon to brighten the hopes of spectators who spent the day vis- iting exhibits, models, machines Men's Judie Continues Vote Investigation Men's Judiciary Council con- tinued its probe yesterday into the stuffing of the engine arch ballot box, but the guilty party remains unknown and three elec- tion races are still unsettled. * * * THE INVESTIGATION will continue early next week, Judi- ciary President Bill Reitzer, '51L, said, but he did not reveal who wlil be questioned. Those questioned yesterday were the students who manned the voting booths on both days of the election as well as candi- dates for the unsettled races- none, however, gave any infor- mation leading to a solution of the mystery. Don Calhoun, IFC Council mem- ber in charge of placing IFC vot- ing attendants and Tom Sparrow, newly-elected SL member, were also questioned. * * * THE UNSETTLED elections are for vice-presidency of the com- bined schools and presidencies of the junior and sophomore engi- neering classes. None of those questioned said he noticed any "irregularities" in the voting. But one poll watcher said he caught one stu- dent who had run to the ballot box, stuffed in two ballots and then darted away. He said the ballots never got all the way in the box. Another said she had observed active campaigning within 50 feet of the poll. and other facilities of the College. THE OPEN HOUSE was to close at 6 p.m., but popular demand kept it going till 9 when 500 townspeo- ple and late-arriving students in- spected the exhibits that re- mained open. Wally Dublanica, chairman off the affair, said this Open House was the "best yet," and exceeded 1947's by 2,000 persons. About 8,000 programs were printed, and all were gone by 5:30. Strains of "Casey Jones" and the clanging of a Civil War vin- tage locomotive bell echoed from the transportations lab, visited by more than 4,000 persons. * * * THE NAVAL testing tank car- ried 3,000 spectators in 75 trips, while 900 enjoyed the blasts of the windtunnels. Visitors were constantly baf- fled by the "perpetual water flow" from a tap that hung from the sanitary lab ceiling. A guide commented, "You won't know the secret till you've become an engineer." But some figured out that a glass tube brought the water up to the tap nozzle, sim- ulating the perpetual flow. The U of M amateur radio sta- tion W8AXZ sent out 80 messages to friends and families of students, to Germany, Alaska, the Virgin Islands and most of the states. * * * VISITORS TO most of the ex- hibits were not prevented by "keep off" signs from experimenting with the machines, although some labs did not allow cameras and others were restricted for security. The Metalurgy and Metal Pro- cessing Department sold all of their souvenir paperweights and ash trays at a handsome profit. Toward 3 p.m. grade school teachers came over with classes to give their students an "extra- early" look at the University. Some of the onlookers even brought pea- nuts to feed the squirrels. Exam Schedule Spring semester examination schedules for literary and en- gineering colleges will appear in tomorrow's Daily, -Daily-Don Howe "IT LOOKS LIKE BREAD-MIXER"-Two high school students from Bath, Mich., view one of the engineering college's prize marvels-a device that separates non-soluble substances from water. Marjorie Brandt, left and Jo Ann Tropatter, stumbled on the machine during yesterday's tour of the Engineering Open House. Chiang Joins Pres. Li in 'Fight to End' Capital Capture Seen Imminent NANKING - (3) - The fall of China's capital was reported im- minent last night as an estimated 100,000 Nationalist troops clogged the roads in disorderly retreat from the city. IN THE HOUR of Nationalist China's extremity, Chiang Ka- Shek came out of retirement to The Associated Press office in Shanghai reports that the tele- phone line to Nanking over which AP dispatches were being sent ceased operating shrtly after 1 a.m. this morning. Last word received was that the Reds had not yet entered. join with acting President Li Taung-Jen in declaring a "fight to the end." But meeting almost no opo- sition, the Reds are intent on dealing the reeling regime its death blow quickly. The flight of government soldiers led to belief that their commanders have lost control. Nanking's gates are open and unguarded. The Red forces have landed in the vicinity of the Nan king railroad station, immediately outside the high sitone walls of the city. * * * INSIDE THE walls, looters are helping themselves, starting with the mayor's house and hognep 4 government and city officials. Pukow, the railway city across the Yangtze from Nanking, was being abandoned by Its Na- tionalist garrison. Red shells already were plummeting into the Yangtze between the two cities. Chiang, president and for 22 years the No. 1 man in China, "re- tired" Jan. 21 to let Vice-presi- dent Li try to negotiate peace with the Communists. That effort failed finally on Wednesday and the Reds attacked across the Yangtze. * * * CHIANG, Li, Premier Ho Ying- Chin, former Premier Chang Chun and Gen. Pal Chung-Hsi conferred at Hangchow, on the coast 100 miles south of Shanghai. It was announced that Chiang and Li had decided the govern- ment "must fight for the peo- ple's freedom and national in- dependence to the end." Premier Ho was placed in com- mand of all Nationalist forces and took over the National Defense Ministry. FRB Changes Time Limit, Credit Control WASHINGTON--(M-The Fed- eral Reserve Board lengthened to 24 months, last night, the time limit ' for completing installment purchase payments and simultan- eously cut down payment to 10 per cent for everything but automo- biles. THE NEW regulations with b- come effective April 27, markhig ,he second time the board has re- laxed credit controls in less than two months. The new 24-month time limit replaces the 21-month limit that has been in effect since March 7. The 10 per cent cash down pay- ment replaces a 15 per cent re- quirement also in effect since March 7. Thomas B. McCabe, Chairman of the Board, declared that any increase in credit which may re- sult from this new relaxation "would not under present cir- STUDENT SUPPORT: School Spirit Comeback Waits for SA C Approval By CRAIG WILSON Revival of school spirit will be- gin as soon as the nod is given by the Student Affairs Committee. Final results of the Student Legislature referendum gave over- whelming support to the entire program-with the exception of Freshmen beanies, which lost 3,072 to 2,893, a narrow 179 votes. PEP RALLIES won 4,489 to 1,274. The tug-of-war was sup- Ned Hess has been elected sec- retary of the Engineering Jun- ior class-not Tom McCann, as of the program and I will try to get them accepted," he said. * * * HOWEVER, he explained that no plans had been made yet to bring beanies back into the pro- gram. Students also approved use of upperclass coordinators in dorms to work with small groups of Freshmen. The vote was 4,783 to 717. Dramatization of extra- curricular activities at a Fresh- man assembly at the end of the first semester also won, 4,292 to 831. Exact figures on the remainder of *knP nr.narrnmtilfl hPcaivnt EXCUSE FOR TARDINESS: Earth Rotation Affects Alarm Clocks 'v Universitv stuidents of the fui-1 -, -- i 1 _.__! T _..!L!__T_ 1 L__ . __. _..__ _. _ T_ _ _ .