PRESERVING POCKETBOOKS See Page 4 Y LwFA6 E3 u111t c U Latest Deadline in the State VOL. LIX, No. 129 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, MARCH 31, 1949 __________________________________________________________________ -I, RAIN, WINDY PRICE FIVE CENTS Bevin in U.s. For Atlantic Pact, Si in Taft Says Treaty May Inc ite Wfar WASHINGTON - (AP) - Brit- ish Foreign Minister Ernest Bevin, having run an egg-and-tomato barrage in New York, arrived in Washington yesterday to join Sec- retary of State Acheson and 10 other foreign ministers in signing the North Atlantic Treaty here next Monday. The pact, he told reporters at Union Station, "will mean the cre- ation of real solidarity of the West" and will provide the basis for "peace for a very long time." MEANWHILE, Sen. Robert A. Taft (Rep., Ohio) said last night that if Russia regards the Atlantic alliance as an offensive threat, the pact "might become an incitement to war, and make it more probable instead of less." He stated in a speech broad- cast over the Mutual network that he has not decided whether, or not he will vote for the pact when it is presented to the Sen- ate sometime after next Mon- da 's signing. Taft added that he is concerned over the possibility"'that this na- tion has made any commitments to rearm the countries of Europe and to take part in a European land war. SIGNING OF THE treaty by all 12 of the nations considered quali- fied for membership was assured only yesterday morning when Ice- land's parliament approved that country's membership, and the foreign office at Lisbon announced definitely that Portugal would join. Bevin came to the capital im- mediately after reaching New York aboard the great liner Queen Mary. More than 500 pickets marched near the pier as the big ship was tied up along- side. "They noisily protested Bevin's Palestine policies and when finally he left the pier for Pennsylvania Station eggs and tomatoes were hurled from the crowd at his car. Acheson said that he would talk with visiting officials about any subject they want to bring up. Sen. Morse, Prof. Chafee To Talk Here A U.S. Senator and a Harvard law professor will speak before Ann Arbor audiences next month. They are Sen. Wayne Morse, (Rep., Ore.) and Prof. Zechariah Chafee, Jr., Langdell professor of law. at Harvard University. *~* * MORSE WILL SPEAK on "Con- stitutional Questions in the Senate of the United States" on April 22. A former professor and dean of law at the University of Oregon, Morse has been associated with various government agencies for the past 15 years and has been a senator for four. Chafee will give five lectures on the general topic "Some Problems of Equity," from April 18 'to 22. He is one of the leading experts in the field of Equity. Morse will speak at the annual Founders Day dinner of the Uni- versity Lawyers Club. Chafee's talks constitute the third series of Thomas M. Cooley Lectures. The series will be given at the Law School. Tickets Available For Spanish Play Tickets are still available for tonight's performance of "Puebla de las Mujeres" and may be pur- chased at the box office of the Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre. The play, which is presented by La Sociedad Hispanica, is a com- edy by the Quintero brothers. It is a portrayal of the power of gossip in a small town in southern Spain. Featured in the cast are Carlos Soares '49 Grad, Nanette Emery '49 Grad, and Joseph Plazonja Army Overthrows Syria Government Interpret Revolution as Forerunner, Of Proposed Armistice with Israel DAMASCUS, Syria-(P)-The Syrian Army overthrew the gov- ernment without a fight yesterday and arrested many high officials. Brig. Husni Zayim, Chief of Staff of the Army, said the dawn coup was to deliver Syria from "despotism" and would not interfere with previous foreign engagements. * * * * HIS STATEMENT was taken to mean that Syria will go ahead with negotiations for an armistice with Israel. A curfew was clamped on the country at 6 p.m., the moment the revolt was successful. A government of undersecretaries carried on the administration while Zayim sought the advice of Faris El Khouri, president of parliament Q and former premier, on forma- tion of a new cabinet. At Rhodes the acting U.N. Me- diator, Dr. Ralph J. Bunche, said he assumed the Israeli-Syrian ar- mistice negotiations would proceed as scheduled. Bunche's aides left for Damascus yesterday to begin Lhe work. U.S. MINISTER James Hugh Keeley, Jr., reported to Washing- ton from Damascus that President Al Sayed Shukri Al Kuwatly, pre- mier Khaled Bey Azem and the entire cabinet were arrested. In Washington it was pointed out that the revolt posed a ques- tion of what will happen to the proposal, which was to be brought before the Syrian par- liament soon, for construction by the Arabian-American Oil Company of a Trans-Arabian pipeline from the Persian Gulf across Syria to the Mediterran- ean. A high Syrian source in Cairo said the People's Party of Syria, proposed tohthe president two weeks ago that Syria be annexed to Iraq. Speaker Says Education Is Key to Peace "Since wars and peace originate in the minds of the people, our best chance for a lasting peace will come through education." These words sounded the key- note of Mary Ellen Lewis' lecture on the role of teachers in profes- sional organizations. The lecture was one of the current special se- ries of talks on education spon- sored by the education school. MISS LEWIS, former President of the Michigan Educational Asso- ciation, emphasized the advan- tages to be gained by group action on the part of the nations' teach- ers. "You can't do things alone," she said, "but if you represent a large group of teachers, school administrators will listen to you when you make requests for bet- ter pay and working conditions." A live-wire local unit of the Michigan Educational Association can do much toward bringing about higher pay scales and elimi- nating heavy teaching loads due to crowded conditions, according to Miss Lewis. Research done by the Association can provide much valuable background material on these problems. * * * MISS LEWIS expressed the hope that work done by teachers in co- operation with UNESCO will fos- ter international good will on the part of teachers and pupils the world over, thereby promoting world peace. Astronomer Lectures on Planet Life "If on any other world, condi- tions are such that life can sur- vive, it will somehow come into existence" Sir Harold Spencer Jones, Astronomer Royal of Eng- land said in a University lecture last night. There are probably other plan- ets in the hundred million solar systems with conditions similar to our own where life can exist, but i:4 our own universe, only Mars shows any signs of life, he added. * * * SMALL BODIES, like the moon and Mercury have no atmosphere at all, and are dead, according to the British astronomer. On the other hand, the largest planets, such as Jupiter and Saturn have so much gravita- tional pull that the atmosphere cannot lose any of the poison gases which make life impossi- ble. Only on the medium sized plan- ets, earth, Venus and Mars could there be any possibilities of life having developed. . VENUS IS ruled out because of its extreme heat and meager oxy- gen supply, but large patches of colorswhich change with the sea- sons suggest that primitive vege- tation exists on Mars, the astrono- mer pointed out. There is no scien- tific evidence to indicate that hu- man life could be found on this planet, he remarked. * * * Disc Donated For Telescope A mirror for a 98-inch reflecting telescope-one of the world's larg- est-has been presented to an Eng- lish observatory by the McGregor fund of Detroit. Visiting lecturer Sir Harold Spencer Jones accepted the gift on behalf of all British astronomers while in Ann Arbor yesterday. STILL UNFINISHED, the huge slab of glass is currently valued at $30,000. It was poured in 1936, along with the 200-inch mirror in California's Mt. Palomar observa- tory. Since completion of the Mt. Palomar project made it unnec- essary to have two large reflecting telescopes in this country, the University Regents voted to return the disk to the McGregor fund. Plans By ROMA LIPSKY "American Prosperity is already walking on the crutch of an arm- aments race," Norman Thomas, veteran Socialist leader declared last night. Speaking to an overflow crowd at the Architecture Auditorium, Thomas said that the armaments race caused by the ever-present! shadow of the cold war, has great- ly hampered our judgement of economic factors. * * * THOMAS, long-famed for his sparkling oratory, received con- tinual ovations from an over- whelmingly sympathetic Univer- sity audience. He offered Democratic So- cialism, which "has the distinct advantage of saying let's look over the problem and see what we can do about it," as a solu- tion to America's problems. "We have gone so far in plan- ning for war that the only pos- sible substitute is planning for peace."~ * * * DECLARING that all planning can-and must be done under the democratic process, Thomas cited housing, farming, banking, credit, public utilities and natural re- sources as areas where "reforms are impossible if you trust to tt literal free enterprise system." Thomas proposed that plan- ning be handled by a public authority on which consumers and workers are represented. Praising the "remarkable per- formance taking place in Great Britain, Thomas declared that British socialism has been pos- sible only because of a "frank adoption of planning and appre- ciation of the importance of co- operation." * * * "COMMUNISM is one reaction to the problems of our times, but it is a solution which free men must reject." Future Planes May Operate On Jet Engines Compactness, Power Lauded by Col. Minty By PETER HOTTON Gas turbine engines may even- tually replace the present type of piston engines in all airplanes, large and small, making them speedier and more powerful, ac- cording to Col. R. J. Minty, of the United States Air Force. Col. Minty, chief of the Air Force Laboratories at Wright- Patterson Field, said that jet en- gines pack a powerful wallop in a small package. * * * HE SPOKE in an exclusive Daily interview at a reception in his honor at Rackham. He is at- tending the Conference ending here today on Fuel Sprays spon- sored by the Engineering Re- search Institute of the University and the Air Material Command of the Air Force. The parley is top secret for security reasons. In the military sense, the re- cent non-stop flight of the "Lucky Lady II" around the world shows the tremendous possibilities of long range bomb- ers in special applications in air warfare, Col. Minty said. But in commercial flying, in- volving passengers and freight, the refueling - in - air techniques utilized by the "Lucky Lady" may never prove practical because al- ready existing airports do not necessitate them, he added. * * * COL. MINTY alleged that car- rying passengers over the North Pole as a short cut to Europe and Asia will probably never come about because commercial airlines must look after the comfort as well as the safety of their pas- sengers. Because of the expense of gov- ernment-financed modern engine development, their use in com- 'ercial airlines may never prove practical until developed for mili- tary operations in which speed is more important, he declared. Four Petitioners Affirm Candidacy * * * * {ital - Thomas 'Home Rule' Bill Becomes Law As President Signs Truman CallIs Measure Crushillg Defeat for Real Estate Lobbyists WASHINGTON-(P)--President Truman yesterday forecast a crackdown on a "black market in rents" as he signed the new "home rule" measure extending rent controls 15 months longer. Although it is not as strong as he had asked, Mr. Truman said passage of the act was a "crushing defeat for the real estate lobby." * * * * THE PRESIDENT SIGNED THE BILL into law only a day before the old rent law was due to expire. Congress only Tuesday had ap- proved the extension after weeks of bitter debate. In a statement issued after the brief signing ceremony at the White House, Mr. Truman picked out specific provisions which he said "strengthens rent controls." These are the major ones heJf1 T cited: s l I G f D f O Daily-Wise SOCIALIST LEADER-Norman Thomas, six-time presidential candidate on the Socialist ticket, charged last night before an overflow crowd that American prosperity is walking on an arma- ments race crutch. The campus Democratic Socialists Club spon- sored his talk. He will round out his visit today with classroom discussions in political science and sociology courses. * * * * "A totalitarian state has in eof a bankrupt and broken order no case evolved out of demo- which has not prevented war, and cratic socialism, but rather in will come in time in America un- opposition to it." less we do some serious thinking "Totalitarianism develops out and basic planning." ** * * Thomas Warns Against Re'd StandonWold tate "The men in the Kremlin won't accept world government unless they are convinced it will be com- munistic," Norman Thomas told guests at a dinner sponsored by the Democratic Socialist club yes- terday. Thomas lashed out at members of the United World Federalists who "use the words 'world gov- ernment' as an escape from fac- ing international problems." Fleming Says He's Not GuiltyW Clyde D. Fleming, former Wash- tenaw county treasurer accused of forgery of public records, pleaded not guilty when he was ar- raigned yesterday afternoon in Circuit Court here. Fleming's arraignment came as a result of a grand jury investiga- tion of alleged defalcations in the treasurer's office between 1941 and 1948. Visiting Judge Raymond W. Fox of Kalamazoo ordered Fleming's $10,000 bond continued, although he set no date for the trial. Fox conducted the hearing after Cir- cuit Judge James R. Breakey, Jr. removed himself from the hearing by postponing it from Monday to yesterday. Negro Wins Case LEXINGTON, Ky.-(AP)-Feder- al Judge H. Church Ford ruled here yesterday that Lyman John- son, Louisville Negro, was entitled to admission to the University of Kentucky's Graduate School. Judge Ford said the defense had failed to prove that facilities at Kentucky State College for Ne- groes at Frankfort provided op- portunities for Negroes equal to those of white students at the university. "BUT I HAVE not given up hope for peace; I think it is pos- sible to strengthen the UN and reach a state where the nations of the world will adopt a disarm- ament program.' He opposed a plan which would make a tight government out of the western democracies but declared that a United States of Europe would have "a rational, regional and economic basis for success." "The Atlantic Pact should not be put into effect unless a general appeal to the UN for disarmament fails," he said. * * * "I REGRET that the Pact was negotiated, because all that it hopes to accomplish could have beep done without it." Thomas stated that he would like assurance that Franco Spain will not be asked to join, and that no bases will be estab- lished in Norway. "Such a move would force Rus- sia to establish bases in Finland and Sweden," he declared. More NSA Cards on Sale More than 1,000 NSA Purchase Cards will be rushed to Ann Arbor today and go on sale from 1 to 4:30 p.m., in the lobby of the Ad- ministration Building. Long lines of students quickly bought up all available cards yes- terday. The more than 350 cards were expected to last out the week, according to Cathy Hous- ton, '49, chairman of the Student Legislature committee handling, the cards. The cards, which sell for $1, will be available tomorrow and after Spring vacation. . . .* 1. AUTHORIZING 'the federal Housing Expediter to regulate evictions, making it "possible" to curb a "black market in rents." 2. Empowering the U.S. rent boss to sue landlords for treble damages on the tenant's behalf in case of a rent overcharge. 3. Eliminating the "much- abused procedure permitting so- called voluntary leases with rent increases up to 15. per cent." The President said this removed the "possibility of coercion by land- lords to make tenants sign such leases in the future." "THIS ACT," he said, "is the result of the joint efforts of the Congress and the administration to find an equitable solution for a difficult problem." Mr. Truman went on to say that "while affording more ef- fective protection to tenants against illegal or unjustified in- creases, the act also facilitates the making of adjustments nec- essary to correct injustices against landlords." He said the provision to give owners a "fair net operating in- come" will be particularly "help- ful" to small landlords who may not be getting an "adequate" re- turn on their investment. * * * ALTHOUGH many Congress members objected to this section as being too vague, Mr. Truman said it "does not create an ad- ministratively unworkable stand- ard of 'fair return." 'U' Receives Smith Bequest of Loan Funds Probate proceedings on the estate of Crapo C. Smith, who willed more than $1,250,000 to the Regents of the University to be used for the benefit of the stu- dents, have been completed and the capital sum has been given to the University. Under the terms of the will the money was left by Smith to be used by the Regents as a "re- volving" loan fund for University student scholarships and for grants-in-aid to those with special needs. Smith also stipulated that his name not be connected with the grants and loans in any way, as he wished to avoid "undue pub- licity." All awards and loans, to be granted on the basis of need and merit, are to be strictly confiden- tial. President Alexander G. Ruth- ven was named administrator of the estate and on his petition the Ann Arbor Trust Company was named co-administrator. Dean Visits MIT Dean Ivan Crawford of the en- gineering college will represent the University at the Massachu- setts Institute of Technology Mid- Century Convocation today and tomorrow, which celebrates the inauguration if MIT's new presi- dent, James Killian. U.S. General Under Fie Maj. Gen. Clayton L. Bissell of the U.S. Air Force, charged with dealing illegally in coffee in Ger- many, was described as "an ex- tremely untouchable, incorrupt- ible individual" by Prof. Otto Graf of the German department. During the war, Gen. Bissell frequently inspected intelligence research operations to which Prof. Graf was attached. ." * * IN THE WORDS OF Prof. Graf, the general was a "strict discip- linarian, a very efficient officer who was famous throughout the War Department for his inquisi- torial technique. He was fond of forcing a man, in the presence of others, to explain his mission in irreducibly simple terms." Meanwhile the U.S. Air Force announced earlier_ yesterdi.y that charges had been filed con- cerning "acts allegedly com- mitted while Bissell was military and air attache at the United Stages Embassy in London from May, 1946, to July, 1948." It said these were being investi- gated to determine whether he should be brought before a court- martial. The investigation is being made by Maj. Gen. Edwin B. Lyon. THE AIR FORCE withheld de- tails. It would not even say what article of war Bissell was accused of violating. Bissell, who served in World War II as commander of the U.S. 10th Air Force in , the India- Burma-China Theatre and later as chief of army intelligence, ar- rived in Germany yesterday for the investigation. "I have no comment on the Air Force announcement," he said. "The fact that there is an in- vestigatin has been previously published. The investigation is continuing. That is the situation." Peace Group To Tour U.S. WithoutReds NEW YORK-(4P)-A "World Peace" rally will go on the road across the U.S., its sponsors said yesterday, but there will be no Russians in the cast. Immigration officials gave 18 Eastern European delegates "a weekat the most" to leave the country. THE 18 CAME here with repre- sentatives of other nations last week for a cultural and scientific conference on "world peace" in New York. The State Department now says the visas of the "iron curtain" delegates were good for the New York meeting only. The sessions at the Waldorf- Astoria Hotel were sponsored by the National Council of Arts, Sciences and Professions. It drew several thousand delegates and almost as many pickets. The State Department's "go home" order, the council said, will "convince more and more Amei- 'WRITERS, COUNTRY, PLANET': Fadiman, Noted Critic, .To Speak at Hill Today 4 * * Clifton Fadiman, widely known literary critic, will close the 1948- 49 Oratorical Series at 8:30 p.m. today when he speaks on "Our Writers, Our Country and Our Planet" at Hill Auditorium. The native New Yorker is per- haps best known for his sparkling comment as master of ceremonies of "Information Please", a post he has held since 1938. FADIAN entered literary cir- cles immediately after his gradu- THE MICHIGAN STORY: Technical Schools Take Spotlight (EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the twelfth *-- - I- - 4-- - . -4. ...1- - 4N -4. 1 TXT tAA7 +Skn 'Dn"n"+o trn+nA +n I