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VOL. LIX, No. 119 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SUNDAY, MARCH 20, 1949

FAIR, WARMER
PRICE FIVE CENTS

Investigators
Begin WES
Feud Probe
Five Educators
Query Witnesses
By The Associated Press
A committee of five out-of-
state educators yesterday
launched an unofficial inquiry
into the year-old feud over the
University's Workers Educational
Service.
Gov. G. Mennen Williams was
its first witness, who said, "I hope
your committee can arrive at the
facts so that in the future the
problem of workers education can
be handled more wisely and more
justly than was apparent in this
case."
The Workers Educational Serv-
ice was suspended a year ago af-
ter a General Motors Corporation
bfficial testified at a Congression-
al hearing that one course was
"tinged with Marxist doctrine."
THE PROGRAM was revived in
January but was discontinued
again when union members boy-
cotted it.
President Alexander G. Ruth-
ven of the University said that
the Board of Regents and the
University Administration "have
considered this matter very
carefully, and have issued pub-
lic statements from time to
time which fully set forth the
facts of the case."
"All actions of the University
have been made public and they
(the committee members) are
welcome to examine them," he
added.
INVITED TO THE hearing
were representatives , of civic
groups, labor and the University.
Executive officers as well as the
Board of Regents hadl been in-
vited, but President Ruthven de-
clined on behalf of all of them.
In a letter to Mrs. Olive R.
Beasley, executive secretary of
the conmmittee, he said: There
was "no previous consultation
with the University regarding
the purpose of the inquiry, its
propriety from the standpoint
of public interest, the nature
and constituency of the com-
mission, time and place of the
hearings or the agenda. The in-
terests of the University have
not been given adequate consid-
eration."
The committee said that it
would make its findings public
but they will have no legal au-
thority.
Plan Charted
For More Aid
To U' Chinese
Asks Meals and Jobs
For Fundless Group
Fraternities and sororities will
come to the rescue of 40 finan-
cially-stricken Chinese students, if
a program charted by Delta Tau
Delta is adopted.
Each house would serve meals
at, no cost to one student for two
weeks, until the planned coopera-
tive dining room in Lane Hall
is in operation.
BRUCE LOCKWOOD, IFC
chairman, and Mary StiereY, Pan-

Hellenic president,' have given the
program their full support. Fra-
ternity residents will have a
chance to approve the program at
the IFC Council meeting Tues-
day.
A second part of the program
Fcalls for the establishment of
Pan-Hel and IFC agencies to
find jobs in the community for
the suffering students.
The plan may be administered
through a central IFC-Panhel
board or by the individual chapter
houses themselves.
CAUSE OF 'THE students' fi-
nancial hardships is the Chinese
civil war. Transportation and
communication problems have
made. it impossible for many of
them to get aid from home.
China's financial breakdown
is another factor in the stu-
dents' financial dilemma.
Half a million dollars' worth of
unused ECA funds have been
allotted Chinese students in the
TT R Nit SaP Tnairtman+ rnri

The
Michigan Story
Henry PhilipTappan
(EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the third in a series of articles presenting
the highlights in the history of the University of Michigan).
By ROBERT WHITE
Daily Associate Editor
In the year 1850, the University of Michigan-still without a pres-
ident-faced a nearly fatal crisis.
Although the constitutional convention of that year had provided
for an administrative head, the office remained unfilled until 1852.
In the meantime, student-faculty dissension still ran high over the
fraternity question; and, in addition, professors of anti-slavery con-
victions were made the objects of much persecution.
FURTHERMORE, the University's financial balance had slumped
to a fantastic low-only $9.66, according to one historian.
As the old Board of Regents retired en masse at the close
of 1850, they further crippled the rapidly sinking University with
the dismissal of two professors for abolitionist tendencies.
Still, there was one glimmer of life in the generally dismal
picture:' on the distant eastern boundary of the Ann Arbor campus,
the medical department had in 1850 established itself in a new
building. In the fall of that year, ninety earnest young medics entered
-putting to shame the squabbling literary college.
* * "r
FORTUNATELY, THE appointment of a new Board of Regents
early in 1852 marked the beginning of an upswing in University for-
tunes. In the summer of that year, Henry Philip Tappan-recognized
as one of the foremost educators of the time-was offered the Mich-
igan presidency. He accepted in September.
Tappan was an exceedingly impressive figure-so much so
that it was difficult for many of the people of the "backwoods"
state to gracefully accept his presence. He was 47 years of age, a
towering six feet, four inches tall, and possessed of a remarkable
talent for public speaking.
When he arrived in Ann Arbor-obviously with the aura of a
somewhat condescending missionary-he found the University consist-
ing of-the original forty acre campus and its two recitation-dormitory
buildings, the new medical building, and the four professors' houses.
The literary faculty was made up of only six professors, and the de-
partment's enrollment had dropped to 57 students. The medical
department, on the other hand, had continued to grow in spite of the
University's general decline-and now boasted of 157 students and
five professors.
*' * * *
IT WAS WITH TAPPAN'S ARRIVAL that the really significant
history of the University began. He wasted no time in assuming con-
trol with an almost dictatorial vigor, and progress was immediately
evident.
The new president was amazed to find space in campus
buildings being taken up with student dormitories, and it was
not long before necessity brought the traditional Ann Arbor
boarding house into being. In the newly vacated Mason Hall
space President Tappan hastily established a museum.
Tappan's request for appropriations to expand the library, and
to establish a laboratory, an observatory, and a fine arts gallery
rather stunned the plodding Michigan legislature. However, funds
were generally forthcoming, and the end of the Tappan "regime" was
to see these goals, and many others, well accomplished.
* *' * *
IN ADDITION TO IMPROVING the physical facilities of the
University, President Tappan also vigorously set out to build a
respected faculty. He banished the religious considerations which
had previously influenced the engaging of professors, and conducted
an unqualified search for men of genuine stature.
The Chancellor-as Tappan liked to call himself-broadened
the University's facilities to include a law department, a respected
engineering course, and a plan for graduate study and degrees.
Other new construction called for a chemistry building-now a
part of the Economics Building-and, later, a law building.
BY 1860, TAPPAN'S efforts were rewarded with a total enrollment
of 519 students-90 of them from other states.
But the apparently cyclical movement of Unviersity fortunes
was again in sudden descent.
Tappan-although a Presbyterian clergyman-had refused
to take an active part in conducting chapel services-this to avoid
making the University appear denominational. Thus, there grew
statewide rumblings over "moral laxity" and "discouragement of
prayer" in Ann Arbor. Vicious criticisms were made of the
school's non-sectarian nature, and there were rumors of the
Bohemian nature of the students' non-academic pursuits.
Faculty members demonstrated a growing resentment over the
president's single-handed formulation and administration of policy.
Likewise, in the Legislature, there were recriminations over his

"Prussian" ideals and some, ignoring the vast improvements he had
made at the University, proposed limitations on his power. And as
the ill-feeling toward him increased in intensity, the proud and aloof
president found himself no longer able to secure essential appropria-
tions from the state.
* * * *
IN 1863, THE REGENTS' term of office once again expired simul-
taneously-marking the last time the State allowed this to happen-
and Tappan 'was made the victim of hasty, ill-advised action. After
the Board had tried in vain to secure his resignation, he was sum-
marily dismissed in the summer of that year.
See MICHIGAN STORY, Page 6
World News At A Glance
By The Associated Press
BERLIN-Eastern Germany neared the status of a seperate
nation in the Soviet orbit yesterday.
The Communist-led People's Council approved unanimously a
constitution for the 20,000,000 Germans in the Soviet zone and in
the Soviet sector of Berlin who are cut off from their western broth-

Red Attitude
Poll Shows
Split Opinion
Students Quizzed
On Faculty Issue
By AL BLUMROSEN
(Daily Associate Editor)
Students quizzed in a Daily Poll
split almost fifty-fifty on the
question of allowing Communist
party members to teach in Ameri-
can unviersities.
Of the 230 students queried at
random by Daily reporters, 117 of
them opposed letting party mem-
bers teach while 113 favored it.
* * *
QUESTIONED whether faculty
members who are avowed com-
munists should be fired, 128 an-
swered "No" while 92 answered
"Yes."
Sixty three percent favored
allowing non party members
who consistantly support Com-
munist policies to teach, while
sixty six percent opposed firing
faculty members who hue to
the Communist line.
The survey, second in a weekly
series, was taken at random from
students in various locations on
campus and does not have a sci-
entific basis.
* * *
THE QUESTIONS and answers
break down as follows:
1. Should members of the Com-
munist Party be allowed to teach
in American Universities? .
Yes 113. No 117.
2. Should faculty members who
admit membership in the Com-
munist party be fired? . . . Yes 92.
No 128.
3. Should persons who consist-
ently support communistpolicies
but are not members of the party
be allowed to teach? . . . Yes 141.
No 81.
4. Should faculty members who
consistantly support communist
policies but are not members of
the party be fired? . . . Yes 73.
No. 145.
OF THE 113 who favored letting
Communists teach, 74 said that
students should hear all sides and
make their own decisions or that
academic freedom was at stake.
Twenty others said it was
okay for Communists to teach
if they did not insert their phil-
osophy into their teaching.
Four students said that the
Communists were not a menace
and three opposed making mar-
tyrs of them.
* I *
THE OPPOSITION to Com-
munist teachers was less vocal.
Twenty four students stated sim-
ply that Communists shouldn't
teach, while they qualified their
statements in regard to non mem-
ber party line followers.
Four students who opposed
Communists as teachers said
it was hard to distinguish be-
tween Party members and fel-
low travelers while eight sug-
gested a screening test to elim-
inate the party members and
keep the Communist sympa-
thizers.
* * *
ONE SAID that continued dic-
tation from Moscow is injurious
to faculty members and teaching.
SL To Stud
Local Vendors

SL's BetteriBusiness Bureau is
ready for action.
It will register vendors who so-
licit on campus, conduct a survey
of local stores' prices and business
practices and issue a weekly news
bulletin. The bulletin will be sent
to all fraternities, sororities, dorms
and coops on campus.
Office hours of the Bureau, for
those wanting questions answered,
are 4 to 5 p.m. It is located in
the SL room, Office of Student
Affairs, 1010 Ad. Bldg.
The first news bulletin will fea-
ture a list of students who pro-
vide typing service. Those inter-
ested in being listed are asked by
Bureau Manager Knight Hough-
ton to contact Barbara Little at
2-3203 or mail the information to
her at 718 Tappan.
Bureau of Opinion
To Poll Students
The Bureau of Student Opinion
will launch a University-wide poll
i of ,,,1+R, *0 *mnrrfn,

Atlantic

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Disclose

Defense Committee Plans


SECURITY PACT LINE UP-Countries shown in black are those expected to be united under
the North Atlantic Security pact, details of which were made public Friday. Shaded countries
are those under the domination of Soviet Russia. The treaty would pledge the United States and
allied nations to resist automatically an "armed attack" against any member- possibly by the
"use of armed force." Each nation would decide for itself whether military force was "necessary."
The unprecedented treaty is expected to be signed by the U.S. and seven other countries about
April 4.

4>

* * *

HAMMERS AND NAILS:
Work Proj ect Groups
Discuss Travel Tactics

By JANET'
Student Marco
campus maps last
Hall and returned
of information on

WATTS
Polos followed
night to Lane
with a wealth
travel tactics.

Against a background of danc-
ing, movies and social mixing, six
groups hawked their publicity
Mens' Judic
Ton Scrutinize
SL petitions
Elections petitions will be
scrutinized "as carefully as last
fall," William Reitzer, '51L, pres-
ident of Mens' Judiciary Council
warned student candidates yes-
terday.
Last fall, 52 petitions were
thrown out by the Judic Council
-forcing postponement of the
election. They included Student
Legislature candidates, all senior
class petitions and J-Hop peti-
tions.
SL OFFICIALS commented that'
a dim view would be taken to-
wards students filing petitions
with duplicate signatures, signa-
tures on unqualified students, or
fake signatures.
Meanwhiie, student were given
three days in which to pick up
their forms. The elections peti-
tions window in the lobby of
the Administration building will
be open from 3 to 4:30 p.m.
daily through Wednesday, ac-
cording to Duane Nuechterlein,
'50BAd.
Available are blanks for SL can-
didates, Literary College senior
class positions, and all Engineer-,
ing School class offices.


wares on travel and work projects
in America and abroad.
GROUPS included were the
American Friends Committee, In-
terguild for Denominational Work
Projects, the Lisle Fellowship
Foundation, the American Youth
Hostels, the National Student As-
sociation and the camp, counsel-
ing service.
Topping the group's list of
summer occupations in America
were the community social work
camps, denominational cara-
vans, camp counseling and stu-
dents-in - industry, in-govern-
ment and in-cooperative pro-
grams.
Eurcpean projects include NSA
travel plans, AYH travel and work
camp projects and American.
Friends community work.
The Lisle Foundation offers
fellowships to American and Eu-
ropean students for experiments
in international living and com-
munity social work.
DETAILED information for all
types of such summer work may
be obtained from DeWitt Baldwin
at Lane Hall.
Technic Sale Will
Start Tonmorrow
Sneak previews of the March
issue of the Michigan Technic are
on display in the Engineering
Buildings, proclaiming sale of the
engineers' magazine tomorrow and
Tuesday at the Engineering Arch
and local newsstands.
Feature article is "Color
Through Kodachrome," the story
of color film. Other articles in-
clude "The Mechanical Engineer
in Process Industries" and "En-
gineering Training."

Atlantic Pact
Raises Storm
In Russia, U.S.
Reds Charge Treaty
Instrument of War
By The Associated Press
Stormy reactions to the Atlan-
tic Pact raged on both sides of
the Atlantic today.
The Soviet propaganda machine
condemned the North Atlantic
treaty as "a deceptive, comely" in-
strument of war aimed against
Russia.
* *.*
A MOSCOW broadcast charged:
"This pact means war on the
Soviet Union.''
The controlled Russian press
and radio declared the treaty
to be a work of war mongers
trying to wreck the United Na-
tions.
o s. * * *
IN WASHINGTON, Senator
Vandenberg called the proposed
North Atlantic Pact "a powerful
insurance policy against World
War III," but three top colleagues
raised serious questions about it.
Senator Taft of Ohio, who
heads the GOP policy commit-
tee, told reporters that the way
the agreement is drawn makes
it appear "inseparable" from
the issue of supplying arms to
Europe.
Senator Wherry of Nebraska,
the GOP floor leader, told a re-
porterthat before he consents to
vote on the proposed treaty he
wants the State Department to
"lay down for inspection any sep-
arate legislation that goes along
with it."
SENATOR BRIDGES of New
Hampshire, ranking Republican
on the appropriations committee,
asserted in a statement that if
the Senate ratifies it, "the North
Atlantic Pact does mean automa-
tic war for the United States if a
signatory power is attacked."

Booklet Gives
More Facts
AboutTWreaty
State Department
Outlines Strategy
WASHINGTON - UP) -The At-
lantic Alliance powers intend to
set up a "common strategic plan"
for defense against Russia.
This would be a major task of a
defense committee which is to be
formed by the high policy Atlantic
Council provided in the security
treaty.
A STATE DEPARTMENT book-
let issued last night explaining
the proposed pact said:
"The last two great wars have
proved that a major conflict in
Europe would inevitably involve
the United States.
"The North Atlantic Pact is de-
signed to give assurance that in
the case of such a war there will
be a coordinated defense in which
the actual military strength and
the military potential of all the
members will be integrated into a
common strategic plan"
THE BOOKLET itself did not
say against whom these defenses
would be organized. Officials con-
sider Russia the only power out-
side the alliance capable of wag-
ing a "major conflict."
The strategic plan, it is un-
derstood, is supposed to pro-
vide for building up the forces
of the west to a point at which
they would be reasonably able to
turn back aggression.
Also it would decide beforehand
the places, times and manner in
which those forces would be
brought into play.
IT-WOULD BE A GREAT mili-
tary defense scheme stretching
from the tip of Italy across the
heart of Europe to the tip of
Norway.
The booklet argued that the
pact should increase peace pros-
pects by preventing "any poten-
tial aggressor" from miscalculat-
ing the unity and power of the
West. Such a mistake on Russia's
part has been a longtime fear of
officials here.
The booklet put another point
on the record: Germany and
Spain can't get into the alliance
any time soon. Most members
don't want Spain now, it said.
It came forth on the heels of
the text of the treaty itself which
soon will go to the Senate for rat-
ification.
* * *
MEANWHILE, it was learned
that meetings are planned here
around April 1 for the foreign
ministers of the eight to 12 coun-
tries which will sign the treaty
April 4. The pre-signing talks
would concern specific plans for
putting the alliance into force 'as
quickly and effectively as possible.

UN- May

Se

GEURSON GOES GREEN:
'Fmrald oom' Shocks East Ouad

Reds Protest
Atlantic Treaty
LAKE SUCCESS - W)- Soviet
Foreign Minister Andrei Y. Vish-
insky and his No. 1 helper, Andrei
A. Gromyko, are expected here to
lead a Soviet fight on the North
Atlantic treaty in the United Na-
tions assembly next month.
+ * *
THE SOVIET UNION has not
yet informed the U.N. who will
make up the delegation. But a
high U.N. official said today it
would be a fair guess that Vishin-
sky would come from Moscow for
the session opening at Flushing
Meadows April 5.
Vishinsky was the top Rus-
sian at the assembly in Paris
last fall. Since then he has
been made Foreign Minister,
succeeding V. M. Molotov.
Bitter Soviet opposition to the

. LJA / LMwJ L i i. / V LJ&JL . a.aA '- a4

By LEON JAROFF
"A dormitory room should be
decorated to match the personal-
ity of its occupants."
That's the opinion of Roland
Gerson, '52, whose room on the
fnurth floor of Strauss Honse is

behind the locked 'door of Rm.
402. But finally, Gerson tri-
umphantly threw open his door
and stepped aside to avoid the
rush of the curious.
The first comment that anyone
can distinctlv rememher was a

"When I saw that room, I real-
ized, for the first time, the full
significance of 'The Snake Pit,' "
he said.
* * *
GERSON'S two room-mates,
Zander Hollander. '53. and Martin

ers by the iron curtain.
* * *
WASHINGTON --Plans were

* * *
NEW YORK - Franklin D.
T _ . . . .. . _ __ _ & ..

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